Quantitative Business Analysis

pasca sarjana universitas klabat

Rondonuwu, Bervie
Roslan, Anggielista
Salindeho, Meiryl

Questions and answer :

4-13 Students in a management science class have just received their grades on the first test. The
instructor has provided information about the first test grades in some previous classes as well as the
final average for the same students. Some of these grades have been sampled and are as follows:

STUDENT 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
1st test grade 98 77 88 80 96 61 66 95 69
Final average 93 78 84 73 84 64 64 95 76

(a) Develop a regression model that could be used to predict the final average in the course based on
the first test grade.
(b) Predict the final average of a student who made an 83 on the first test.
(c) Give the values of r and for this model. Interpret the value of in the context of this problem.

Answer

a. SUMMARY
OUTPUT

Regression Statistics
0.92051810
Multiple R 5
0.84735358
R Square 2
0.82554695
Adjusted R Square 1
4.66508497
Standard Error 6
Observations 9

ANOVA
  df SS
Regression 1 845.6588751
Residual 7 152.3411249
Total 8 998

  Coefficients Standard
 Error
18.9892117
Intercept 4 9.751788333
0.73985903
1st test grade 3 0.118689127

(b) Memprediksi rata-rata akhir siswa yang memperoleh nilai 83 pada tes pertama.

Y = 18,98 + 0,74 (83) = 80,41

(c) 85% perubahan nilai tes akhir dapat dijelaskan oleh nilai tes pertama.

Significan
MS F ce F
845.65887 38.85 0.0004309
51 76 53
21.763017
84
     

P- Lower Upper Lower Upper

t Stat value 95% 95% 95.0% 95.0%
- -
1.9472542 0.092 4.0701034 42.04852 4.0701034 42.048526
97 54 52 69 5 93
6.2335873 0.000 0.4592038 1.020514 0.4592038 1.0205142
07 43 46 22 46 21

4-14 Using the data in Problem 4-13, test to see if there is a statistically significant relationship between
the grade on the first test and the final average at the 0.05 level of significance. Use the formulas in this
chapter and Appendix D.
Answer

Tolak hipotesis nol karena 38,9 lebih besar dari nilai kritisnya yaitu 5,59, ada hubungan antara rata-rata

ke-1 dan rata-rata akhir.

4-15 Using computer software, find the least squares regression line for the data in Problem 4-13. Based
on the F test, is there a statistically significant relationship between the first test grade and the final
average in the course?
Answer

Nilai F sebesar 38,9 signifikansi sebesar 0,00043 sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat hubungan

yang signifikan.

4-17 Accountants at the firm Walker and Walker believed that several traveling executives submit
unusually high travel vouchers when they return from business trips. The accountants took a sample of
200 vouchers submitted from the past year; they then developed the following multiple regression
equation relating expected travel cost (Y) to number of days on the road and distance traveled in miles:
YN = $90.00 + $48.50X1 + $0.40X2
The coefficient of correlation computed was 0.68.
(a) If Thomas Williams returns from a 300-mile trip that took him out of town for five days, what is the
expected amount that he should claim as expenses?
(b) Williams submitted a reimbursement request for $685; what should the accountant do?
(c) Comment on the validity of this model. Should any other variables be included? Which ones?
Why?

Answer :

(a) Jika Thomas Williams kembali dari perjalanan 300 mil yang membawanya ke luar kota selama lima

hari, berapa jumlah yang diharapkan yang harus dia klaim sebagai pengeluaran?

(a) X1 = 5 days
X2 = 300 miles
So,
ў = $90.00 + $48.50X1 + $0.40X2
= $90.00 + $48.50 (5) + $0.40(300)
= $ 452,52

(b) Berdasarkan model di atas (jawaban nomor a), permintaan reimbursement berada di atas prediksi.

Saya pikir, akuntan harus bertanya kepada Thomas mengapa hal itu bisa terjadi dan berapa

pengeluarannya untuk ini.

(c) Variabel lain yang dapat dimasukkan seperti jenis perjalanan, jika ada biaya, dll. Koefisien korelasi

model ini adalah (0,682) = 0,46. Artinya 46% variabilitas model ini dapat diterima sedangkan 54%

disebabkan oleh faktor lain.

4-20 Use computer software to develop a regression model for the data in Problem 4-19. Explain what
this output indicates about the usefulness of this model.

Answer
1st Table Coefficients Standard Error t-stas p-value

Intercept 5.0601 2.6869 1.883 00891

Number of Tourists 1.5930 0.2196 7.253 0.0000275

2nd Table d.f ss ms F value Pr > F

Regression 1 872.98 872.98 52.608 0.00002748
Residuals 10 165.94 16.59
Total 11 1038.92

4-21 The following data give the starting salary for students who recently graduated from a local
university and accepted jobs soon after graduation. The starting salary, grade-point average (GPA), and
major (business or other) are provided.

SALARY $29,500 $46,000 $39,800 $36,500

GPA 3.1 3.5 3.8 2.9
Major Other Business Business Other
SALARY $42,000 $31,500 $36,200
GPA 3.4 2.1 2.5
Major Business Other Business

(a) Using a computer, develop a regression model that could be used to predict starting salary
based on GPA and major.
(b) Use this model to predict the starting salary for a business major with a GPA of 3.0.
(c) What does the model say about the starting salary for a business major compared to a
nonbusiness major?
(d) Do you believe this model is useful in predicting the starting salary? Justify your answer, using
information provided in the computer output.

Answer
 (a) Dengan menggunakan komputer, kembangkan model regresi yang dapat digunakan untuk

memprediksi gaji awal berdasarkan IPK dan jurusan

Salary GPA Major Major

$29,500 3.1 0 Other
Busines
$46,000 3.5 1
s
Busines
$39,800 3.8 1
s
$36,500 2.9 0 Other
Busines
$42,000 3.4 1
s
$31,500 2.1 0 Other
Busines
$36,200 2.5 1
s

Regression Statistics
Multiple R 0.829
R Square 0.687
Adjusted R Square 0.530
Standard Error 3960.396
Observations 7

Dari output tersebut dapat dilihat model regresi yang diperoleh adalah,

Gaji = 24328 + 3026.667 * IPK + 6684 * Jurusan

(b) Gunakan model ini untuk memprediksi gaji awal untuk jurusan bisnis dengan IPK 3.0.
Untuk Jurusan Bisnis = 1 maka prediksi gaji adalah, Gaji = 24328 + 3026.667 * 3 + 6684 = $ 40092.00

(c) Apa yang dikatakan model tentang gaji awal untuk jurusan bisnis dibandingkan dengan

jurusan non-bisnis?

Karena koefisien untuk Jurusan adalah 6684 maka model mengatakan bahwa jika IPK tetap sama maka

Jurusan Bisnis diharapkan memperoleh $ 6684.00 lebih banyak daripada jurusan non-bisnis yaitu Gaji

jurusan bisnis $ 6684.00 lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan jurusan non-bisnis dengan IPK yang sama.

(d) Apakah Anda yakin model ini berguna untuk memprediksi gaji awal? Ratakan jawaban Anda,

menggunakan informasi yang tersedia di keluaran komputer.

Nilai R2 0.687 yaitu 68.70% dari total variabilitas telah dijelaskan oleh model sehingga merupakan model

yang cukup baik dalam tujuan prediksi.

4-26 The total expenses of a hospital are related to many factors. Two of these factors are the number
of beds in the hospital and the number of admissions. Data were collected on 14 hospitals, as shown in
the table below:

Hospital Number of Bed Admissions (100) Total Expenses (Millions)

1 215 77 57
2 336 160 127
3 520 230 157
4 135 43 24
5 35 9 14
6 210 155 93
7 140 53 45
8 90 6 6
9 410 159 99
10 50 18 12
11 65 16 11
12 42 29 15
13 110 28 21
14 305 98 63

Develop a regression model that would predict the DJIA based on the S&P 500 index. Based on this
model, what would you expect the DJIA to be when the S&P is 1,100? What is the correlation
coefficient? (r) between the two markets? NUMB

ANSWER :

Regression Statistics
Multiple R 0,987361777
R Square 0,974883278
Adjusted R Square 0,970316601
Standard Error 8,368626095
Observations 14

ANOVA
  df SS MS F Significance F
Regression 2 29901,34136 14950,67068 213,4776172 1,58415E-09
Residual 11 770,3729299 70,03390271
Total 13 30671,71429      

Upper
  Coefficients Standard Error t Stat P-value Lower 95% 95%
Intercept 0,65389224 3,756493221 0,174069858 0,864972755 -7,614093593 8,921878
Number of beds 0,023061915 0,045154421 0,510734362 0,619630815 -0,076322297 0,122446
admissions 0,622970981 0,095006528 6,557138678 4,09548E-05 0,413863022 0,832079

Karena,