Physics problems

Question 19

Two ropes are attached to a tree, and forces of F=2i+4jN and F2=3 i+ 6 j N applied. The forces are
coplanar (in the same plane)

a. What is the resultant (net force) of these two vectors?

Fnet =∑ ⃗
⃗ F
⃗
¿ F1 + ⃗
F2

Substitute ( 3.0 i^ +6.0 ^j ) N for F2 and ( 2.0 i^ +4.0 ^j ) N for F1

Fnet =( 2.0 i^ +4.0 ^j ) N + ( 3.0 i^ +6.0 ^j ) N

⃗

¿ ( 5.0 i^ + 10.0 ^j ) N
b. magnitude and direction of this net force.

Fnet =¿ ∑ ⃗
⃗ F ∨¿ ¿

¿ √¿¿
⃗
Fnet =√ ¿ ¿
⃗
Fnet =√ 25+100

¿ √ 125 N
¿ 5 √5 N
Magnitude of this net force is
¿ 5 √5 N
Direction of the force is calculated as:

−1 F net y
θ=tan ( )
F net x
Substitute 5 N for Fnet (x) and 10 N for Fnet (y)

−1 10.0
θ=tan ( )
5.0

θ=tan −1 ( 2.0 )
0
θ=63. 43
Question 23

While sliding a couch across a floor, Andrea and Jennifer exert forces ⃗
F Aand ⃗
F J on the couch. Andrea’s
force is due North with a magnitude of 130.0 N and Jennifer’s force is 32 degrees east of north with a
magnitude of 180.0 N

a. net force in component form

Resolving the vectors

⃗
F 1=130 ^j

And
⃗ 0^
F 2=180 cos 58 i+180 sin 58 ^j
0

^ 152.6 4 ^j
¿ 95.38 i+

Fnet ⃗
⃗ ¿ F 1+ ⃗
F2
⃗
Fnet =130 ^j +95.38 i^ +152.6 ^j
^
¿( 95 i+283 ^j) N

b. Find the magnitude and direction of the net force

Fnet =¿ ∑ ⃗
⃗ F ∨¿ ¿
⃗
Fnet =√ ¿ ¿
⃗
Fnet =√ 9025+80089

¿ √ 89114 N
magnitude=299 N
Direction:

−1 F net y
θ=tan ( )
F net x

−1 283
θ=tan ( )
95
 0
θ=71.44

c. If Andrea and Jennifer’s housemates, David and Stephanie, disagree with the move and want to
prevent its relocation, with what combined force should they push so that the couch does not
move?

⃗
Freq =−⃗
F net

¿−( 95 i^ + 283 ^j ) N
Force required is:
F DS=−( 95 i^ +283 ^j ) N
⃗

Question 25

If the sprinter from the previous problem accelerates at that rate for 20.00 m and then maintains that
velocity for the remainder of a 100.00 m dash, what will her time be for the race?

Solution

Use the equation of kinematics:

2 2
v −u =2 as
Substitute 0 m/s for u, 4.2 m/s^2 for a and 20 m for s

v 2−02=2( 4.2)(20)
2 2 2
v =168 m / s

v=√ 168 m2 / s2
m
v=12.96
s

Use the equation:

v=u+at
Substitute 12.96 m/s for v, 0 m/s for u and 4.2 m/s^2 for a
 m m m
12.96 =0 +(4.2 2 )(t)
s s s
12.96 m/s
t= 2
4.2m/ s
t=3.09 s
Time for second part:

Use the equation:

1 2
s=ut+ a t
2

(
80 m= 12.96 )
m
s
1 m
( t )+ (0 2 )(t¿¿ 2)¿
2 s

80 m=( 12.96 ) ( t )
m
s
t=6.17 s
Total time for the race is:

t=6.17 s+3.09 s
t=9.26 s

Question 41

The weight of an astronaut plus his space suit on the Moon is only 250 N.

a. How much does the suited astronaut weigh on earth?

w moon =m gmoon

w moon
m=
gmoon
250 N
m= 2
=149.7 kg apprx .150 kg
1.67 m/s
m=150 kg
w earth =m gearth

w earth =150× 9.8=1470

3
w earth =1.5× 10 N
 b. What is the mass on the moon? On earth?
Mass on the moon and the earth is same, = 150 kg

Question 51

A. What net external force is exerted on a 1100.0 kg artillery shell fired from a battleship if the
shell is accelerated at 2.40 *10 ^4 m/s ^2?

Using Newton’s second law:

F=ma
Acceleration= 2.4 *10^4 m/s^2
M=1100 kg

4 m
F=(1100 kg)(2.4 ×1 0 2
)
s
7
F=2.64 ×1 0 N
What is the magnitude of the force exerted on the ship by the artillery shell, and why?

B. The magnitude of force exerted on the ship is also 2.64 × 107 N because according to
Newton’s third law, there is always a force that is equal and in the opposite direction.

Question 55
A leg is suspended in a traction system, as shown below
a. Which pulley in the figure is used to calculate the force exerted on the foot?

The force on the foot is calculated from the free diagram of the pulley closest to the foot: pulley number
4

From the free diagram of the pulley closes to the foot,

F =∑ T⃗
⃗

¿¿
¿2⃗
T cos θ i^ N ¿ ¿
The Force exerted is: F=2 T cos θ N

b. What is the tension in the rope? Here T is the tension, w leg is the weight of the leg, and w is
the weight of the load that provides the tension
⃗
T =⃗
w
 ¿ m ⃗g
Here m is the mass attached to the rope and g is the acceleration due to gravity

Hence tension in the rope is m ⃗

g

Question 69
A car moves along a horizontal road. Draw a free-body diagram, be sure to include the friction of
the road that opposes the forward motion of the car.