MICRO BI O L
OGY
PROTOZOA AND ITS TYPES
CONTENTS
01 02
INTRODUCTIO TYPES
N
FLAGELLATES,
WHAT ARE PROTOZOANS? CILLIATES,SACODINA,SPOROZOATES
03
STRUCTURE
SIZE, CELL TYPE
2
01
PROTOZOAN
S
M.Abdullah HAMEED 70125664
Ahmed Tariq 70124515
Saad Qaiser. 70127460
Waleed khan 70124543
Bilal ur rehman 70126965
Dawood akhter 70127349
Muhammad Kashif 701226013
3
Muhammad zohaib 70128399
WHAT ARE PROTOZOANS?
Protozoa are microorganisms. They are single-celled heterotrophic eukaryotes,
which eat bacteria and other food sources.
v Protozoa means first animals and includes unicellular consumers.
v They are included under the kingdom protista.There are about 92,000 species
of protozoans.
v Anton von leeuwenhoek was the first to observe a protozoan (vorticella
convellaria) under a microscope.
v Goldfuss coined the term protozoa. 4
CLASSIFICATION
Flagellates Ciliates Sarcodina Sporozoates
14
FLAGELLATES
v Flagellates move by help of Flagella (a tail-like structure).
v The movement is whip like
v Example of Flagellates are
v Trypnosoma, Leishmenia (blood pathogen)
v Giardia (intestinal parasite)
v Trichomonas (reproductive tract pathogen)
4
CILLIATES
v Ciliates protozoa have movement through cilia( fine hair like structure attached
with their body).
v Some protozoa have special kind of cilia for feeding and attachment.Most are
harmless.
v Only one species Balantidium Coli is pathogenic for human causes a rare and
server form of Dysentery.
4
SARCODINA
v Major loco-motor organelles in Sarcodina is pseudopodia (Pseudo means false,
podia means Foot)
v Common example of Sarcodina is Amoeba
v Most species are harmless
v Enaemoba is a parasitic for human causes intestinal disease
4
SPOROZOATES
v Sporozoates are the only non-motile form of protozoa.
v Sporozoates have well developed sexual and asexualstages
v Entire group is parasitic in nature and are harmful
v Some common examples of Sporozoates and their infections are
v Plasmodium (causative agent of Malaria, causes 100 to 300 million infection
world wide)
v Toxoplasma gondii (causes Toxoplasmosis)
4
STRUCTURE
v Protozoa is a parasite and in humans, they are less than 50 μm in size.
v Besides, the smallest is 1 to 10 μm long (intracellular form).
v Furthermore, Balantidium coli can measure up to 150 μm
v .They are unicellular eukaryotes. And just like other eukaryotic cells, the
nucleus of it surrounds in a membrane.
v Also, the nucleus is vesicular, with scattered chromatin that gives a diffuse
appearance to the nucleus.
4
STRUCTURE
v Besides, all nuclei in the individual organism appear alike.
v Furthermore, one of the vesicular nuclei contains a central body that we refer
to as karyosome or endosome.
v Moreover, the other nuclei of the nucleus contain the DNA.
v In addition, the ciliates have a macronucleus as well as micronucleus that
appear homogeneous.
4
STRUCTURE
v Most noteworthy, the organelles of protozoa have similar functions just like the
organs of higher animal.
v The plasma membrane encloses the cytoplasm and also projects the locomotor
structure.
v Moreover, some protozoa have cytosome or cell mouth for the ingestion of
food.
v Besides, protozoa are just like multicellular animals but in a single cell structure.
4
WHAT ARE PROTOZOANS?
Protozoa are microorganisms. They are
single-celled heterotrophic eukaryotes,
which eat bacteria and other food sources.
v Protozoa means first animals and
includes unicellular consumers.
v They are included under the kingdom
protista.
v There are about 92,000 species of
protozoans.
v Anton von leeuwenhoek was the first to
observe a protozoan (vorticella
convellaria) under a microscope.
v Goldfuss coined the term protozoa. 4
¡TH AN K
YO U!
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