1) Radio Communication: it is means of communication using Radio waves using

VHF(All over india use) & HF(overseas, Range-3000-4000NM) super immersing voice &
acting as a carrier wave (VHF range-200).
2) HF( High Frequancy)- used for long distance over(3000-4000) range but has several
disadvantage like Distortion, Attenuation, Require high Tx power to avoid weakening
signals.
3) TELEPHAY- Distance communication using any means like wire, Radio, or Anything.
4) AERONAUTICAL SERVICES
Four type of aeronautical services
1) AMS(Aeronautical Mobile Services, aircraft): Mobile body act as A/C which is AMS
controlled by Fixed object ATC.
2) AFS(Aeronautical Fixed Services, ATC): All ATC are part of AFS & have a Route work
Through which ATC connected to each-other.
3) ANS(Aeronautical Navigation Services) : All equipments responsible for Nav. Services
comes under ANS like VOR,NDB,DME,GPS…etc.
4) ABS(Aeronautical Broadcasting services) :
Two conditions are Necessary for ABS
a) This message is for everyone on that freq.
b) The message you receive in broadcast will not to be answered. i.e No response
is accepted from receiver end.
NOTE: 126.4MHZ Standard Wx Broadcasting freq. all over India updated in every
30 minutes. Under 100NM radius frequency change after decimal due to avoid
not Mixing and confusion on two airports which is near about each other.
5) How to Broadcast information.
. Use ATIS (Automated Terminal Information Service), its range is 200NM and Freq. is
126.4 MHZ.
. DATIS is latest version of ATIS (Datalink Automated Terminal Information Services).
6) Aerodrome: It is defined area consist of APRON, TAXIWAY and RUNWAY.
10) Airport: All things available inside that area like Taxiway, runway, Terminal building,
Passenger Custom etc called Airport.
11)AFTN (Aeronautical Fixed Telecommunication Network)
.This is the Network to exchange message or digital data between AFS or ATC.
.Both exchange voice and written data.
.New advance form of AFTN is CIDING
. CIDING- Common ICAO Data Interchange.
12)Priority of Message
AFTN CODE
Distress Message SS MAYDAY MAYDAY MAYDAY ,
MAYDAY*3
Urgency DD PANPAN PANPAN PANPAN ,
PANPAN*3
Flight Safety Message FF
MET or NOTAM GG
 Flight Regularity KK
13) (Flight information Region)
Four Regions in India: 1) Delhi 2) Mumbai 3) Kolkata 4) Chennai
Also one Sub Region is Guwahati

ICAO code for Airport VOR

CODE
Delhi- North Region- VI Mumbai- West Region- VA 3-Digit code for
every A/P.
Kolkata- East Region- VE Chennai- South Region- VO E.g- Delhi-DPN,
Mumbai-BBB
ICAO code is four letter code e.g. VIDP (Delhi)
.First letter (V) is AFSRA (Aeronautical Fixed Service Routine Area)
.Second Letter (I) is country/state/ FIR
.3rd & 4th letter show the Airport code name.

Aircraft Marking: VT-ABC

VT is Nationality Marking of India.
.Registered certificate comes from MOCA (Ministry of civil Aviation) registered by DGCA.
. VT- SOS
PAN All don’t use sign for registration.
TTT
XXX
. VU- Indicate military aircraft.
. IATA - International Air Transport Association.
13)Airlines and RT call Sign
AIRLINES ICAO CODE IATA CODE RT CALL SIGN COUNTRY
AIR INDIA AIC AI AIRINDIA INDIA
VISTARA VTI UK VISTARA INDIA
GO AIR GOW G8 GOAIR INDIA
INDIGO IGO 6E IFLY INDIA
JET AIRWAYS JAI 9W JET AIRWAYS INDIA
SPICEJET SEJ SG SPICE INDIA
AIRASIA IAD i5 RED NIGHT INDIA
AIRINDIA EXPRESS AXB IX EXPRESS INDIA INDIA
JET LITE JLL S2 LITE JET INDIA
JET KONNECT JLL 9W-S2 JETKONNECT INDIA
KING FISHER KFR iT KINGFISHER INDIA
TRUJET TRJ 2T JAGSON INDIA
BLUE DART BDA BZ BLUE INDIA
AIR COSTA LBR LB AIR COSTA INDIA
PARAMOUNT PMW i7 PARAWAY INDIA
AIRWAYS