3.13 Thermal radiation These people are absorbing electromagnetic waver from the Sun. The waves are mostly infrared, light and ultraviolet (see the section on electromagnetic This marathon lf waves). They warm up anything (or anyone) that oe sending it out ner is BiViNg of ra lation race, The more she radiates, the mote ba Aly he absorbs them. They're known as thermal radiation’ ~ lowe And that means risk of chiling sie or just ‘radiation’ for short. solve the problem, They're a quick and way”? keeping everybody warm, " Some surfaces are better at absorbing thermal meping everyneny entation Gen others Some surfaces ar better at serng ou or ny Standing in the sunshine, a black car warms up more radiation than others ity io any other. Touch the bodywork testi back saucepan cools down more for yourse other, Could you design an ex yourself? > Dull black surfaces a best emitters of radia quickly thy eriment to st | [ Good absorbers of thermal radiation ae also good emitters | Tiss how diferent suas compre Dull black surfaces are the bsorbers best absorbers of radiation. in They reflect hardly any ' | radiation at all ! \ | Shiny silvery surfaces are | the worst absorbers of radiation. They reflect nearly all the radiation Silvery surfaces arth that strikes them, ' ' | \ worst emitters of worst radiation 76eeping your food warm rium foal helps keep food dishes warm fney've cst thee tabhe radiation passes easily through the glass of greenhouse and warms the plants inside. The armed plants also radiate energy, but some of this is ected back by the glass. That is how a greenhouse 7s the Sun’s heat. Carbon dioxide in the Earth’s mosphere has a similar effect - it's called the greenhouse effect Questions | - 7 Which of these surfaces is best at 2 absorbing thermal radiation b emitting thermal radiation radiat 2 All three kettles are the surfaces. All are f a aA il back € reflecting thermal except for their outside Keeping your drinks hot (or cold) ‘A vacuum flask like the one above can keep drinks hot (oe cold) for hours. It has these features for slowing down the energy flow out (or in} 1 A stopper to prevent convection (hot air rising). The stopper is also insulated to reduce conduction 2. Adouble- walled container with a gap between the walls. Air has been removed from the gap to reduce conduction. Walls with silvery surfaces to reduce thermal radiation ‘When the kettles are let to cool. this is what happens 8 their temperature Temperature in °C KettleA Kettle Ketthe C re) 100 wo After 5 min s * x After 10min 73 2 s a Which kettie has the silvery surface? bb Which kettle has the dull black surface? 3 Explain why a In hot countnes, houses are often painted white b On a hot summer's day, the inside of a white cars cooler than a dark one. «It you use a lens to focus the Sun's rays on RewSpApEE the print burs more easily than the white paper