Statistic Answer Key

The value of a perfect positive correlation is _______.

A: 1

We use statistical tests to determine if the sample data give good evidence against the
claim (H0). 
A: True

The null hypothesis always includes the possibility of equality.

A: True

The area under the part of a normal curve that lies within two standard deviation of the
mean is ________.
A: About 95%

The alternative hypothesis states that there is no difference between the hypothesized
population mean and the sample mean.
A: False

It gives us a more precise measurement of the relationship between the two variables. 
A: Correlation coefficient

These are the factors that affect the power of a test.

A: All of the choices

The null hypothesis is false and we reject it.

A: Correct decision

If the difference is very large, we accept our hypothesis about the population.
A: False

It is applied when the probability of success are not the same from trial to trial.
A: Hypergeometric Experiment

It is the amount that is added to and subtracted from the mean to construct the
confidence interval.
A: Margin of error

An influential point in regression is one whose removal would greatly impact the
equation of the regression line. 
A: Tru
It simply means two variables.
A: Bivariate

The null hypothesis is false and we accept it.

A: Error

The numerical measure that we use to determine the strength of the sample evidence
we are willing to consider strong enough to reject H0.
A: Level of significance

It is a conjecture about a characteristic or set of facts

A: Hypothesis

If the points are far away from one another, and the imaginary oval is very wide, this
means that there is a weak correlation between the variables.
A: True

When there is no linear relationship between two variables, the correlation coefficient is
_____.
A: 0

This is a complete description of all the possible values of the random variable, along
with their associated probabilities.
A: Probability Distribution

As the level of significance or alpha level increases, the probability of making a Type II
error (β) decreases and vice versa.
A: True

The value of a perfect negative correlation is ______. 

A: -1

It explains the nature of the relationship between the two variables.

A: Regression coefficient

It is an index that describes the relationship and can take on values between 1.0 and
+1.0, with a positive correlation coefficient indicating a positive correlation and a
negative correlation coefficient indicating a negative correlation.
A: Correlation coefficient

To evaluate the sample mean against the hypothesized population mean, we use the
concept of z scores to determine how different the two means are.
A: True

It is the range of possible values.

A: Confidence Interval

A scatterplot in which the points do not have a linear trend.

A: Zero correlation

It is a function or rule that assigns a number to each outcome of an experiment.

A: Random variable

It involves using data to calculate a line that best fits that data and then using that line
to predict scores. 
A: Linear regression

Correlation does not imply causation. 

A: True

The null hypothesis is true and we reject it.

A: Error

If our data results in a statistic that falls within the region determined by the level of
significance then we accept H0.
A: False

Determine what type of random variable is represented in the given scenario.

“Number of television per household”

A: Discrete random variables

It is a measure of the number of standard deviations a particular data point is away from
the mean. 
A: z-score

A single-tail hypothesis simply states that the mean is greater or less than the
hypothesized value.
A: True

A hypothesis that defines a specific value of the population parameter that is of interest.
A: Null hypothesis

It is the probability of rejecting the null hypothesis when it is false.

A: Power of the test

If the points are close to one another and the width of the imaginary oval is small, this
means that there is a strong correlation between the variables
A: True

This level indicates the level of assurance you have that the resulting confidence interval
encloses the unknown population mean.
A: Confidence level

As the confidence interval for a given statistic increases in length, the confidence level
increases.
A: True

It provides the general framework of what we are testing and how to perform the test.
A: Hypothesis

An outlier is an extreme observation that does not fit the general correlation or
regression pattern.
A: True

The area under the part of a normal curve that lies within three standard deviation of
the mean is ________.
A: 99.7%

When all the points on a scatterplot lie on a straight line, you have what is called a
perfect correlation between the two variables.
A: Perfect correlation

The absolute value of the coefficient indicates the magnitude, or the strength, of the
relationship. 
A: True

The null hypothesis is true and we accept it.

A: Correct decision

It gives us a more precise measurement of the relationship between the two variables. 
A: Correlation coefficient

We establish critical regions based on ________________.

A: Level of significance
The area under the part of a normal curve that lies within one standard deviation of the
mean is ________.
A: About 68%

It is a statistic that is used to measure the strength and direction of a linear correlation.
A: Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient

If the difference is very large, we accept our hypothesis about the population.
A: False