Mainframe Architecture

State of Art
to make Business

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 What is a Mainframe ?

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 What is a Mainframe

A reborn Phoenix, rising from its ashes. 3

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 Nelson Gomes Carneiro
nelsongc@br.ibm.com

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 Presentation Objectives
l IBM Mainframe history
l Mainframe Architecture
l Evolution and Integration of Mainframe into present
IT environment
l Mainframe Tools.
l Mainframe influence in World Wide environment
l “Skills” needed for the modern Mainframe
professional.

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 Content
l Data Processing Equipment .
l Mainframe
l Work Station
l Micro Computers
l Integrated Environment

l Mainframe Architecture
l Hardware
l Operating System
l Software
l Support SW
l Applications SW (Batch and On-line)

l Professional
l Mainframe Tools
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 Electronic Computers
l 1. Computers based on vacuum tubes (1950s)
l IBM 305 - RAMAC – Random Access Method of Accounting and Control, 1956
l IBM 1401 - Small business computer, 1959

l 2. Computers based on discrete transistors (1960s)

l IBM 7030 - Supercomputer, 1969 (Stretch)

l 3. Computers based on SLT or discrete IC CPUs (1964 to present)

l IBM 1130 - Low-cost, desk-size computer, 1965
l IBM 2030 - System/360 Model 20 to Model 90 , 1964 to 1968
l IBM 3125 - System/370 Model 125 to Model 168, 1970
l IBM 5320 - System/32, 1975

l 4. Computers based on microprocessor CPUs (1982 to present)

l IBM PC - including 5150, PC XT, XT/370, PC AT and XT 286
l Terminal - 3278
l IBM AS/400 - Now: iSeries, 1988
l IBM RS/6000 - Now: pSeries, 1990
l IBM ThinkCenter - Now made under license by Lenovo Group
l IBM ThinkPad - Now made under license by Lenovo Group
l zSeries - Based on PowerPC Microprocessor
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 Mainframe History

This figure shows the development of the IBM Mainframe

from 1964 to the present date.

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 Electronic Computers
l 1.1 Computers based on vacuum tubes (1950s)
l IBM 305 - RAMAC – Random Access Method of Accounting and Control, 1956

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 Electronic Computers
l 1.2 Computers based on vacuum tubes (1950s)
l IBM 1401 - Small business computer, 1959

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 Electronic Computers
l 2.1 Computers based on discrete transistors (1960s)
l IBM 7030 - Supercomputer, 1969 (Stretch)

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 Electronic Computers
l 3.1 Computers based on SLT or discrete IC CPUs
(1964 to present)
l IBM 1130 - Low-cost, desk-size computer, 1965

l IBM 2030 - System/360

Model 20 to Model 90 , 1964 to 1970
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 Electronic Computers
l 3.2 Computers based on SLT or discrete IC CPUs
(1964 to present)
l IBM 3125 - System/370 Model 125 to Model 168, 1970

l IBM 5320 - System/32, 1975

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 Electronic Computers
l 4.1 Computers based on
microprocessor CPUs
(1982 to present)
l IBM PC -
PS/2

PC XT
PC AT

PC 5150

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 Electronic Computers
l 4.2 Computers based on microprocessor CPUs
(1982)
l Terminal - 3278

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 Electronic Computers
l 4.3 Computers based on microprocessor CPUs
(1982 to present)
l IBM AS/400 - Now: iSeries, 1988

l IBM RS/6000 - Now: pSeries, 1990

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 Electronic Computers
l 5.1 Computers based on microprocessor CPUs
(1982 to present)
l IBM ThinkCenter - Now made under license by Lenovo Group
l IBM ThinkPad - Now made under license by Lenovo Group

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 Electronic Computers
l 5.2 Computers based on microprocessor CPUs
(1982 to present)
l zSeries - Based on PowerPC Microprocessor

zSeries 890

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zSeries 990
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 Factors contributing to
Mainframe use
l Reliability, Availability, Serviceability
l Security
l Scalability
l Continuing compatibility
l Evolving architecture

l Multiprogramming
l Multiprocessing
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 Security on Mainframe
l Racf

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 Worldwide Mainframe Influence
l +80% Electronic Transactions WW in Mainframe.
l +90% of financial data and insurance are processed
in mainframe.
l the WW application portfolios estimated in one
trillion of dollars
l Estimated 150 to 175 billions of lines of codes in
Cobol.
l CICS process + 30 billions of transactions per day
(+_ 1 trillion of dollar per week)
l + 900.000 professionals receiving salary to develop
and maintenance Cobol CICS Applications.

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 Mainframe Utilization
l Além dos Sistemas legados (Cobol, CICS, etc)
l Consolidador de Sistemas Linux.
(centenas de pequenos servidores Linux)
l Ser um HUB no modelo SOA
(Service Oriented Architecture) – On Demad
l Integração de recursos:
Linux, Java e SOA Servidor de Dados

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 Worldwide Mainframe Influence

News
Cobol, com mais de 50 anos, ainda gera novas aplicações

Segunda-feira, 28 de Agosto de 2006, 14h15

O Cobol, linguagem de programação criada pela tenente norte-americana Grace Hopper no fim da década de 50, continua a
surpreender capacidade de sobrevivência, e ainda gerar novos aplicativos em grandes empresas como Axa Seguros e
Bradesco, por exemplo.

A DTS Software, representante da Micro Focus no Brasil, reuniu um grupo de 350 desenvolvedores, usuários e parceiros de
negócios, para mostrar o futuro da plataforma, implementação de web services Cobol sem uso de softwares de terceiros;
migração e desenvolvimento mainframe.

Segundo Fernando Parra, presidente da DTS, uma das vantagens do usuário usar a ferramenta da Micro Focus é a economia de
MIPS que ela proporciona ao mainframe, pois mesmo uma aplicação crítica pode rodar numa plataforma baixa, além de
economizar em tempo de desenvolvimento. ”A solução da Axa Seguros, por exemplo, foi implementada em seis meses”,
explicou.

Outro usuário referência é o Bradesco, que lançou recentemente novas aplicações, como cheque especial, desconto de duplicata e
o cadastro único – Cadu, desenvolvidas em Cobol. “No front-end pode aparecer uma tela web, a tela de celular, uma
aplicação em Java, mas por trás ela vai buscar a informação no CICS do mainframe”, acrescentou.

“As grandes empresas de todo o mundo, em particular do mercado financeiro, continuam mantendo seus negócios solidamente
ancorados em aplicações Cobol”, diz Graham Cooper, diretor de Distribuidores da Micro Focus na Inglaterra, que participou
do encontro em São Paulo.
“Mostramos aos especialistas brasileiros que há ainda muito a fazer com as novas abordagens Web Services do Micro Focus Cobol
e, mais, apresentar a eles quais serão os grandes passos da linguagem no futuro de curto e médio prazos”, afirmou. Da
Redação
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 Mainframe Architecture
Hardware

z9 109
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 Mainframe Architecture
Hardware

Components

z9 109
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 Mainframe Architecture
Hardware

Components
CPU

z9 109
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 Mainframe Architecture
Hardware

Components
CPU
Memory

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 Mainframe Architecture
Hardware

Components
CPU
Memory
Channels

z9 109
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 Mainframe Architecture
Hardware

Components
CPU
Memory
Channels
?

What more?
z9 109
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 Mainframe Architecture
Hardware

Components
CPU
Memory
Channels
?

z9 109
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 Mainframe Architecture
Hardware

Components
CPU
Memory
Channels
?

z9 109
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 Mainframe Architecture
Hardware

Components
CPU
Memory
Channels
?

z9 109
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 Mainframe Architecture
Environment
Terminal Control CPU DASD Control
9672

SE

Channel Channel

Channel Channel

DASD DASD DASD

Console Console

Tape Printer Control

Controls

Tape unit 3420 Printers

Cartridge unit 3490 33
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 Mainframe Architecture
Software

zSeries 990

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 Mainframe Architecture
Software

OS è Operating System

zSeries 990

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 Mainframe Architecture
Software

OS è Operating System

zSeries 990

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 Mainframe Architecture
Software

OS è Operating System

zSeries 990

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 Mainframe Architecture
Software

OS è Operating System

zSeries 990

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 Mainframe Architecture
Software
VM:
CP PL/1, Cobol, Rexx,
CMS JCL
Java
MVS, z/OS: DB2, SQL, IMS/DB
TSO CICS, IMS/D
ISPF
Rexx,
AIX: Java
Script DB2, SQL

Java
Windows: Low Platform programs
Batch file DB2, SQL zSeries 990

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 Mainframe Architecture
Organization

zSeries 990

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 Mainframe Architecture
Software installed

zSeries 990

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 Mainframe Architecture
Customer solution

zSeries 990

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 Mainframe Architecture
Customer choice

zSeries 990

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 Mainframe Architecture
Organization

LPAR
LPAR
LPAR
LPAR = Logical Partition
LPAR
LPAR
LPAR
LPAR
LPAR

zSeries 990

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 Mainframe Architecture

Ambiente Mainframe - Software

SE
CPU 9672 (HW)

ux
W AIX Lin
s
LPAR-1 LPAR- 2 LPAR- 3 LPAR- 4 LPAR- 5 LPAR- 6 LPAR- 7

ow
MVS01 MVS02 MVS03 MVS04 MVS05 VM01 VM02

ind
Sistema Operacional (MVS)
Sistema Operacional (VM)
OBS: "LPAR Físico" 45
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 Mainframe Architecture
Ambiente Mainframe - Software

SE
CPU 9672 (HW)

VM99

GUEST-1 GUEST- 2 GUEST- 3 GUEST- 4 GUEST- 5 GUEST- 6 GUEST- 7

MVS01 MVS02 MVS03 MVS04 MVS05 VM01 VM02

Sistema Operacional (VM)

Sistema Operacional (MVS)
OBS: "Máquina Virtual" 46
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 Mainframe Architecture
Mainframe - Software

LPAR (OS390/MVS) Console

"Operating System" MVS01

JES2 / JES3
Start Start Start Start
Task1 Task2 Task3 task4
CICS1 CICS2 DB2 VTAM
JOB1 JOB2 JOB3 JOB4

CICS3 IMS1 TCP/IP APPL

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 Mainframe Architecture
Software

– Software Support
–Compilers and Tools
–(PL/1, Cobol, CICS, DB2, TSO, JCL…)

– Application
–Development according user requirements.
–On-Line Systems
–Bach Systems

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 Mainframe Architecture
Layered Network Model
TCP/IP and SNA are both layered network models. Each can indirectly map to the
International Open Systems Interconnect (OSI) network model.

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 Mainframe Architecture
International Link

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 Mainframe Architecture
International Link
USA Brazil
II
WS
NN
TCP/IP TT
Personal WS
EE
WS
Communication RR
LPAR
NN
WS AA WS
TT A
OS390/MVS Server II
LPAR
JES2 /JES3 OO T WS
N
VTAM
N & Server
CPU AA
9672
LPAR
TCP/IP LL T
DB2 TCP/IP
CICS LL Personal
LPAR
NETVIEW II Communication
NN
KK
SE LPAR
TCP/IP
Network Management SW
NETWORK
CONTROL TCP/IP
DASD TAPE 51
Network Management SW
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 Mainframe Architecture
Training Center Environment

D TC2MVS

MPVM
Pass-through

VM9510P6
Local=????
TC2MVS
Local=?????

II
NN
TT
EE
RR
NN
Hortolandia AA
IP=0.18.232.29 TT AA
Personal II
GSIVM01 TT
OO
Communication
NN &&
AA
LL TT
LL
II
NN
KK TSO
Home
Treinamento 52
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 Mainframe professional

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 Mainframe Architecture
Professional

– Environment Support
–DBA
–Project Manager

– Application Support
–Application Support
–Application Development.

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 Program Products for zOS
l Security
l RACF
l Languages and Compiler
l PL/1, Cobol, Fortran, REXX,
l JCL
l JAVA
l Database
l Relational: DB2
l Hierarchical: IMS
l Transaction Processing Facilities
l CICS
l IMS/DC
l MQ Series
l WebSphere
l Control and Development Tools
l TSO / ISPF
l OPC
l JES
l Utilities
l IEFBR14, IEBGNER, SORT, ...
l IDCAMS
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 VM Overview

l CP
l Hardware location

l CMS
l Program language

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 VM Overview

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 VM Overview

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 MVS - TSO Overview
l TSO

l ISPF

l SDSF

l Tutorial

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 TSO Overview

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 TSO Overview

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 Mainframe Tools

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 Scripts
l CLIST

l SCRIPT

l Batch File (DOS)

l REXX

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 Mainframe Tools
l JCL
l JOB
l EXEC
l DD

l Exemplo de JCL

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 Mainframe Tools

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 Data Set Organization
l Name
l VM – FN FT FM
l Type
l Sequential (F, FB, V, VB,
l Partitioned PDS or Libraries
l VSAM
l Stored
l DASD or HDA
l Cyls, Tracks, Blocks

l VSAM
l KSDS - Key Sequential Data Set
l ESDS - Entry Sequential Data Set
l RRDS - Relative Record Data Set
l LDS - Linear Data Set
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 Data Base

l DB2 - Key Sequential Data Set

l SQL Selects and Queries
l QMF Query management Facility
l CICS Transaction Management
System
l BRIO Query Facility

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 Data Base

l IMS
l Information Management System
l Hierarchical Data Base

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 Programming
l Assembler
l PL/1 Compiled
l COBOL Compiled
l Fortran Compiled
l C/C++ Compiled
l Java Compiled
l CLIST Interpreted
l REXX Interpreted and Compiled
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 Web Enabling

l HTTP Server

l WebSphere Application Server

l WebSphere MQ

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 WebSphere MQ
Synchronous Application Design Model

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 WebSphere MQ
Asynchronous Application Design Model

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 Mainframe Architecture
Professional

Opportunities

–English ………….…. Advanced

–Mainframe Arq. ....... Knowledge
–z/OS, MVS and VM . Knowledge
–Mainframe Tools ..... Knowledge
–DB2 / SQL ............... Experience
–Applications ............. Experience
–Java ......................... Concepts

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Mainframe Architecture
Doubts ? ? ?
?
? ?

? ?
Questions ? ? ?

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Mainframe Architecture

Thanks, all of you !

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