vea's Heh HS Our Guide __ Heaven Engincering & TechnolOBY Rajshahi Univer seclanical Engineering ent OF Year Backlog Examination, 2020 1 Course Title: Differential Equation Course No.: Math 2121 Time: Three Hours Full Marks: 72 ach scetion. NB i) Answer Six questions taking Three from i) Figures in the margin indicate full marks. iii) Use separate answer script for each section- SECTION A Ps Q.1 (a) What is the exact differential equation? Find the necessary condition that first order differemial equation to ve exact. : 06 (b) Define homogenous differential equation and solve x2ydx — (x* + ¥")dy = 0 ” Q.2 (a) What is order and degree of a differential equation? | . 05 (b) Find the differential equation of all cireles passing through origin and having their centers T° on the x-axis, 05 (©) Show that Ax? + By? = 1 is the solution ofx [yt + (2) py SExact differential equation: A first order differential equation M(x, y)dx + N(x, y)dy = Ois said to be exact differential equation if there exists a function F(x, y) = c such that it can be written as M(x, y)dx + N(x, y)dy = dF (x,y) = Ede +z ay. Problem 5: Find a necessary condition that a first order differential equation to be exact. Solution: According to definition of exact differential equation there exists a function F(%,y) = c such that we can write a first order differential equation as M(x. y)dx + Wy dy = Fax + Fay Equating the coefficient of dx and dy we get, ar MG@,y) = % and NG@,y) = oy wo MBF gy ON BE ‘ay dvax ‘ax dxay Therefore we obtain am _ on dy ox This is the required condition.Question Solve: x*y dx — (x3 + y3)dy =0 Medium Updated on: 2022-09-05 Solution Qpertieaoyrppr xydx —(x? +y?)dy =0 dx_ x+y? dy xy Putting x = vy dx fe dv SE oy Gig gy Yay dx_ x+y? dy xy aw vray sway OTedv "G 1 ve an, VW . avdv= 5 (variable separable method) Integrating both sides 73 pea=$F> S=iny+c Putti z utting Vv = — By y ae 3 =Iny+CExample: ) 34224 7y=0 i) B-4(® Say =0 ttf) 2 3 iv) oe 2 2 ° Order of differential equation: The order of differential equation is the order of height order derivative involve in the differential equation, Example: Order of i), ii) and iii) are 2 order of iv) is 3 Degree of differential equation: The degree of differential equation is the power of height order derivative involve in the differential equation. Example: Degree of i), ii) and iv) are 1 degree of ili) is 2Problem 2: Find the differential equation of all circles passing through the origin and having there centers on the x-axis. Solution: The equation of circles passing through the origin and having there centers on the x- axis is x+y? +29x=0 @ Differentiating w.rto x we get xtyZ+g=059=-x-y% Putting the values of g in equation (I) we get @ xP tyt + x(x -y dy Pasty 0 Which is the required differential equation.Question Verify that Ax? + By” = 1 is a solution of the differential equation Medium Updat Solution Oieicasyrese Let Ax? + By? = | be given. Then, dy 2Ax+2By = =0 > ax+By? =0...(i) = ax=-By@ey, (ayy | _y dy - = {» ae + (2) \ ae tae [from (ii)]. So, Ax’ + By? = | is a solution of the differential equation fy , (dy)| __ ay x Yaar iG Ve