1. What is Collaboration?

Ans: Collaboration is a joint effort of multiple individuals or work groups

to accomplish a task or project. Within an organization, collaboration
typically involves the ability of two or more people to view and contribute
to documents or other content over a network.
2. Systems for Collaboration and Teamwork.
Ans:
 Short-lived or long-term
 One –to one or many-to-many
 Informal or formal (teams)

3. What are Business benefits of collaboration and teamwork.

Ans: Investments in collaboration technology can produce organizational
improvements returning high ROI
Benefits:
 Productivity
 Quality
 Innovation
 Customer service
 Financial performance
 Profitability, sales, sales growth

4. What is Building a collaborative culture.

Ans: Command and control” organizations. No value placed on teamwork or
lower-level participation in decisions

5. Building a collaboration business processes.

Ans:
 Senior managers rely on teams of employees
 Policies, products, designs, processes, systems rely on teams
 Managers purpose is to build teams

6. Some name of Technology for collaboration and teamwork.

 Ans:
 Email and instant messaging
 Collaborative writing
 Collaborative reviewing
 Event scheduling
 File sharing
 Screen sharing
 Audio conferencing
 Video conferencing
 White boarding
 Web presenting
   Work scheduling
  Document sharing/wikis
 Mind mapping
  Large audience Webinars
  Co-browsing

7. Two dimensional collaboration teamwork technologies

Ans:
 Space (or location) – remote or colocated

 Time – synchronous or asynchronous

8. Collaboration tools.
Ans:
 Same time same place
 Different time same place
 Same time different place
 Different time different place

9. What is intranet?
Ans: Intranets are simply internal company websites that are accessible only
by employees.

10. What is Extranet?

Ans: Extranets, which are company websites that are accessible to authorized
vendors and suppliers and are often used to coordinate the movement of
supplies to the firm’s production apparatus.

11. What is E-business?

Ans: Electronic business, or e-business , refers to the use of digital technology
and the Internet to execute the major business processes in the enterprise.

12. What is E-Commerce?

Ans: E-commerce is the part of e-business that deals with the buying and
selling of goods and services over the Internet. It also encompasses activities
supporting those market transactions, such as advertising, marketing,
customer support, security, delivery, and payment.

13.What is E-government?
Ans: E-government refers to the application of the Internet and networking
technologies to digitally enable government and public sector agencies’
relationships with citizens, businesses, and other arms of government.

14.What is social Business?

Ans: Many firms today enhance collaboration by embracing social business —
the use of social networking platforms, including Facebook, Twitter, and
internal corporate social tools—to engage their employees, customers, and
suppliers.
15.Application of Social Business?
Ans: Social Networks, crowdsourcing, Shared workspace, Blogs and wikis,
Social Commerce, File sharing, Social marketing, communities.
16.What is organization?
Ans: Organization refers to a collection of people, who are involved in
pursuing defined objectives. It can be understood as a social system
which comprises all formal human relationships. The organization
 encompasses division of work among employees and alignment of tasks
towards the ultimate goal of the company.

17.What is behavioral definition?

Ans: A collection of rights, privileges, obligations, and responsibilities that is
delicately balanced over a period of time through conflict and conflict resolution

18. Organization technical definition?

Ans: Stable, formal social structure that takes resources from environment and
processes them to produce outputs

19.Features of organization.
Ans:
 Use of hierarchical structure
 Accountability, authority in system of impartial decision making
 Adherence to principle of efficiency
 Routines and business processes 
 Organizational politics,  culture, environments and structures

20. What is organizational politices?

Ans: People in organizations occupy different positions with different
specialties. As a result, they naturally have divergent viewpoints about
how resources, rewards, and punishments should be distributed.
Political resistance is one of the great difficulties of bringing about
organizational change—especially the development of new information
systems.

21. What is organizational environment?

Ans: Organizations and environments have a reciprocal relationship.
Organizations are open to, and dependent on, the social and physical
environment. Organizations can influence their environments.
Environments generally change faster than organizations. Information
systems can be an instrument of environmental scanning, act as a lens.
 22.What is Disruptive technologies
Ans: Technology that brings about sweeping change to businesses,
industries, markets.
Examples: personal computers, word processing software, the Internet,
the PageRank algorithm

23. What are then Organizational structure

Ans:
 Entrepreneurial: 
 Small start-up business

 Machine bureaucracy: 
 Midsize manufacturing firm

 Divisionalized bureaucracy: 
 Fortune 500 firms

 Professional bureaucracy: 
 Law firms, school systems, hospitals

 Adhocracy: 
 Consulting firms

24. What is entrepreneurial?

Ans: young, small firm in a fast changing environment. It has a simple
structure and is managed by an Entrepreneurial serving as its single chief
executive officer.

25. What is machine bureaucracy?

Ans: Large bureaucracy existing in a slowing changing environment,
producing standard products. It is dominated by a centralized
management team and centralized decision making.

26. What is Divisionalized bureaucracy?

Ans: Combination of multiple machine bureaucracies each producing a
different producer of service all topped by one central headquateers.

27. What is professional bureaucracy?

Ans: knowledge-based organization where goods and services depend
on the expertise and knowledge of professionals. Dominated by
department heads with weak centralized authority.
 28. What is adhocracy?
Ans: task force organization that must respond to rapidly changing
environments. Consists of large groups of specialists organized into
short-lived multidisciplinary teams and has weak central management.

29. What is Economic impacts.

Ans: IT changes relative costs of capital and the costs of information.
Information systems technology is a factor of production, like capital and
labor.

30. What is Transaction cost theory

Ans: Firms seek to economize on transaction costs (the costs of
participating in markets). Vertical integration, hiring more employees, buying
suppliers and distributors.

31.What is Agency theory.

Ans: Firm is nexus of contracts among self-interested parties requiring
supervision. Firms experience agency costs (the cost of managing and
supervising) which rise as firm grows. IT can reduce agency costs, making
it possible for firms to grow without adding to the costs of supervising, and
without adding employees.

32.What are Organizational and behavioral impacts

Ans:

 IT flattens organizations
 Decision making pushed to lower levels
 Fewer managers needed (IT enables faster decision making and
increases span of control)
 Postindustrial organizations
 Organizations flatten because in postindustrial societies,
authority increasingly relies on knowledge and competence
rather than formal positions
 33. What is Organizational resistance to change.
Ans: Information systems become bound up in organizational politics
because they influence access to a key resource –  information.
Information systems potentially change an organization’s structure, culture,
politics, and work.

34.What are theCentral organizational factors to consider when

planning a new system.
Ans:
 Environment

 Structure (Hierarchy, specialization, routines, business

processes)
 Culture and politics
 Type of organization and style of leadership 
 Main interest groups affected by system; attitudes of end users
 Tasks, decisions, and business processes the system will assist

35.What are the competitive forces shape fate of firm.

Ans:

1. Traditional competitors 
2. New market entrants 
3. Substitute products and services
4. Customers
5. Suppliers

36. What is Traditional competitors

Ans: All firms share market space with competitors who are continuously
devising new products, services, efficiencies, switching costs.

37. What is New market entrants.

Ans:
  Some industries have high barriers to entry, e.g. computer chip
business
 New companies have new equipment, younger workers, but little
brand recognition

38. What is Substitute products and services

Ans: Substitutes customers might use if your prices become too high, e.g.
iTunes substitutes for CDs.

39. Who is customer ?

Ans: Can customers easily switch to competitor’s products? Can they
force businesses to compete on price alone in transparent marketplace?

40. Who is Suppliers

Ans: Market power of suppliers when firm cannot raise prices as fast as
suppliers

41. What are the competitive advantage?

Ans:
 Low-cost leadership

 Produce products and services at a lower price than competitors

while enhancing quality and level of service
 Examples: Wal-Mart
 Product differentiation
 Enable new products or services, greatly change customer
convenience and experience
 Examples: Google, Nike, Apple
 Focus on market niche
 Use information systems to enable a focused strategy on a
single market niche; specialize
 Example: Hilton Hotels 
  Strengthen customer and supplier intimacy
 Use information systems to develop strong ties and loyalty with
customers and suppliers; increase switching costs
 Example: Netflix, Amazon

42.What is Commerce?
Ans: Commerce is the activity of buying and selling of goods and services,
especially on a large scale. A system or environment consists of legal, economical,
political, social, cultural and technological systems that are in business in any
country or internationally.

43. What is E-Commerce?

Ans: E simply means anything done via the internet and commerce means buying
and selling products, services and information. So, E-Commerce refers to the
process of buying and selling or exchanging of products, services, or information
via computer networks including internet.

44. diffeeence between e-business and e-commerce

Ans:

 
Basis for E-commerce E-business
Comparison

Trading of merchandise, Running business using

Meaning over the internet is known the internet is known as
as E-commerce. E-business.

What is it? Subset Superset

Is it limited to
monetary Yes No
transactions?
What they carry
Commercial transactions Business transactions
out?
Requires Website Website, CRM, ERP,
 etc.
Which network is Internet, Intranet and
Internet
used? Extranet.

45.E-COMMERCE VS. TRADITIONAL COMMERCE

ANS: E-COMMERCE VS. TRADITIONAL COMMERCE
 
Basis for Traditional Commerce e-Commerce
Comparison

Traditional commerce is a branch e-Commerce means

of business which focuses on the
exchange of products and services,
Meaning
and includes all those activities
which encourages exchange, in
some way or the other.
carryng out commercial
transactions or exchange
of information,
electronically on the
internet.

Processing of
Manual Automatic
Transactions
Accessibility Limited Time 24×7×365
Goods cannot be inspected
Physical Goods can be inspected physically
physically before
inspection before purchase.
purchase.
 
Basis for Traditional Commerce e-Commerce
Comparison
Customer
Face-to-face Screen-to-face
interaction
Scope of
Limited to particular area. Worldwide reach
business
Provides a uniform
Information No uniform platform for exchange
platform for information
exchange of information.
exchange.
Resource focus Supply side Demand side

Marketing One way marketing One-to-one marketing

Credit card, fund transfer

Payment Cash, cheque, credit card, etc.
etc.
Delivery of
Instantly Takes time
goods