Fluid mechanics is a branch of mechanics that studies the behavior of fluids at rest or in motion.

It
is fundamental in fields as diverse as aeronautics, chemical, civil and industrial engineering,
meteorology, naval meteorology, shipbuilding and oceanography.

fluids may be divided into liquids and gases. A liquid is only slightly compressible, and there is a
free surface when it is placed in an open vessel. on the other hand a gas always expands to fill its
container.

Fluid mechanics has some properties and principles that are very important for the study and
development of this branch, such as:

Pascal's law states that when there is an increase in pressure at any point in a confined fluid, there is
an equal increase at every other point in the container. Pascal's law in civil enginniering used in
water distribution systems and sewage systems to move water throughout a network of pipelines,
for that we use some properties like:

Density
It's determined like mass per unit volume and it's expressed in Kg/m^3. Density influences fluid
behavior and buoyancy.

Specific weight
It's determined like weight per unit volume, it's expressed in N/m^3

Specific Gravity
is the ratio of it's density to that of pure water at the same temperature (normally 15°C)