REGISTER NUMBER: 211FA01004

Name: Y.Lasya priya

Title: Determination of Lignin Content of Solid Waste

Aim:

The aim of this report is to determine the lignin content present in solid waste using a chemical method.

Introduction:

Solid waste is a major environmental problem, and its disposal poses a threat to human health and the
environment. Lignin is a complex organic compound that is a major component of plant cell walls and is
found in many types of solid waste. The determination of lignin content in solid waste is essential for
assessing its suitability for various uses such as composting or energy production. The determination of
lignin content is usually carried out using chemical methods, such as the Klason method.

Materials Required:

Solid waste sample, NaOH, HCl, C2H5OH, crucible, muffle furnace, weighing balance, filtration apparatus,
and glassware.

Procedure:

1. Weigh 1 gram of solid waste and transfer it to a crucible.

2. Add 25 ml of 1 M NaOH to the crucible and mix well.
3. Place the crucible on a hot plate and heat it for 3 hours at 100°C to dissolve the lignin.
4. After 3 hours, add 25 ml of 1 M HCl to the crucible to acidify the mixture and precipitate the lignin.
5. Filter the mixture through a pre-weighed filter paper.
6. Wash the filter paper and residue with distilled water until the pH of the filtrate is neutral.
7. Dry the filter paper and residue in a muffle furnace at 105°C for 24 hours.
8. Weigh the filter paper and residue after cooling to room temperature.

Calculations:

Weight of lignin = Weight of filter paper and residue - Weight of filter paper Weight of lignin = 3.2 g - 1 g
Weight of lignin = 2.2 g

Using the formula given in the report, the lignin content of the solid waste sample can be calculated as
follows:

Lignin content (%) = (Weight of lignin / Weight of solid waste) x 100

Lignin content (%) = (Weight of lignin / Weight of solid waste) x 100 Lignin content (%) = (2.2 g / 2.5 g) x
100 Lignin content (%) = 88%

Therefore, the lignin content of the solid waste sample would be 88%
Results:

solid waste sample weighing 2.5 grams, and a weight of filter paper and residue of 3.2 grams, the weight of
lignin would be 88 percent