1.

Load Criteria
The environmental load return period is calculated based on structure lifetime based on
BS 6349. The environmental load return period is designed using 50 years return period
probability following guidelines on BS 6349 for common port infrastructure. Parameters
used in this calculation obtained from reports, listed as in Table 3 .1.

Table 3.1 – Design structure lifetime guideline based on BS 6349

2. Agats Harbour
The wind and wave condition in Agats Harbour covered several sites as follows:
1. Pulau Laag
2. Muara Atsy (G)
3. Muara Atsy (R)
4. Alur Pelabuhan Agats

2.1. Wind Condition

The wind condition in Agats Harbour is obtained from ERA5 Reanalysis Data from
ECMWF for 10 years (2012 – 2021). The extracted point from ERA5 Data is located at
138.05°E and 5.50°S. The wind rose for 10 years of wave data is given in Figure 1.
The wind mainly in the range between 2 m/s to 6 m/s. The wind pattern is grouped for
3 monthly following the monsoon season as follows:
1. In the west monsoon season (December – January – February) the wind is
blowing mainly from west and northwest.
2. In the transition between west to east monsoon season (March – April – May) the
wind is blowing from west, northwest, east and southeast.
3. In the east monsoon season (June – July – August) the wind is blowing mainly
from southeast.
4. In the transition between east to west monsoon season (September – October –
November) the wind is blowing from southeast with variation from south and
southwest.
 Figure 1 – Wind Rose for 10 Years Data at Agats Harbour

The wind speed and direction distribution are given in Table 2 and Figure 2. It shows
that wind with velocity higher than 10 m/s occurred around 0.07% a year. Wind return
period is obtained from extreme analysis with block maxima method. The yearly
maximum wind speed is given in Table 3. 3 types of frequency distribution are tested
which are Largest Extreme Value, Lognormal and Weibull. The distribution test gives
lognormal distribution as best fit with pvalue > 0.05 and smallest Anderson Darling test
parameter (Figure 3). Return periods are obtained from empirical CDF as given in
Figure 4. The 50 years return period of wind velocity is 84.2 m/s (Table 4).

Table 2 – Wind Frequency Distribution at Agats Harbour

Directions / 0.50 - 1.00 - 2.00 - 4.00 - 6.00 - 8.00 - 10.00 - >=
Total
Wind Classes (m/s) 1.00 2.00 4.00 6.00 8.00 10.00 15.00 15.00
0.58 0.00
N % 1.21% 0.59% 0.03% % 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 2.42%
0.52 0.00
NNE % 0.96% 0.52% 0.01% % 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 2.02%
0.50 0.00
NE % 1.20% 0.62% 0.01% % 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 2.33%
0.53 0.00
NEE % 1.59% 1.17% 0.03% % 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 3.32%
0.56 0.00
E % 2.22% 3.88% 0.42% % 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 7.08%
0.58 0.02
ESE % 2.52% 6.72% 2.08% % 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 11.92%
0.52 0.01
SE % 2.19% 5.20% 1.30% % 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 9.23%
0.52 0.02
SSE % 1.78% 3.35% 0.38% % 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 6.05%
0.53 0.01
S % 1.85% 3.05% 0.21% % 0.01% 0.01% 0.02% 5.69%
0.55 0.00
SSW % 1.85% 2.65% 0.10% % 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 5.14%
0.61 0.00
SW % 1.94% 2.87% 0.07% % 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 5.49%
WSW 0.57 1.95% 2.92% 0.40% 0.01 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 5.84%
 % %
0.72 0.53
W % 2.20% 4.19% 2.21% % 0.08% 0.01% 0.00% 9.93%
0.60 0.27
WNW % 2.28% 5.68% 2.54% % 0.03% 0.01% 0.00% 11.39%
0.63 0.01
NW % 2.03% 3.33% 0.42% % 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 6.42%
0.57 0.00
NNW % 1.47% 1.13% 0.03% % 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 3.19%
9.08 0.88
Sub-Total % 29.24% 47.86% 10.22% % 0.12% 0.04% 0.03% 97.46%
Calms 2.54%
Missing/Incomplete 0.00%
Total 100.00%

Figure 2 – Wind Class Frequency for Wind Data at Agats Harbour

Table 3 – Yearly Maximum Wind Velocity for Agats Harbour

Max Wind
Years Velocity
(m/s)
2012 26
2013 11
2014 26
2015 23
2016 53
2017 44
2018 24
2019 66
2020 16
2021 16

Figure 3 – Distribution Fit Test for Wind Data at Agats Harbour

 Figure 4 – Cumulative Distribution Functiont for Wind Data at Agats Harbour

Table 4 – Wind Velocity Return Period at Agats Harbour

% of
RT (years) ECDF % U (m/s)
Exceedance
2 50 50 26.6
5 20 80 42.6
10 10 90 54.6
20 5 95 66.9
25 4 96 71.0
50 2 98 84.2
100 1 99 98.1

2.2. Wave Condition

The wave condition in Agats Harbour is obtained from ERA5 Reanalysis Data from
ECMWF for 10 years (2012 – 2021). The extracted point from ERA5 Data is located at
137.50°E and 5.90°S. The wave data is offshore total wave data in deep water which
consider the swell condition. The wave rose for 10 years of wave data is given in
 Figure 5. The wave height mainly in the range between 0.50 m to 1.50 m. The wave
pattern is grouped for 3 monthly period following the monsoon season as follows:
1. In the west monsoon season (December – January – February) the wave is
coming mainly from west.
2. In the transition between west to east monsoon season (March – April – May) the
wave is coming from west and southeast.
3. In the east monsoon season (June – July – August) the wave is coming mainly
from southeast.
4. In the transition between east to west monsoon season (September – October –
November) the wave is coming from southeast with variation from south.

Figure 5 – Wave Rose for 10 Years Data at Agats Harbour

The wave height and direction distribution are given in Table 5 and Figure 6. It shows
that wave with height more than 0.50 m occurred around 59% a year. Wave return
period is obtained from extreme analysis with block maxima method. The yearly
maximum wave height for wave from west, southeast and all direction are given in
Table 6. 3 types of frequency distribution are tested which are Largest Extreme Value,
Lognormal and Weibull. The distribution test gives distribution of lognormal for west
wave, Weibull for southeast wave, and lognormal for all direction wave as best fit with
pvalue > 0.05 and smallest Anderson Darling test parameter (Figure 7). Return periods
are obtained from empirical CDF as given in Figure 8. The 50 years return period of
wave height is 4.2 m (Table 7). Wave period relation with wave height is given in
Figure 9. Correlation between the wave period and square root of wave height
(DHI,2016) follows 6.4√ H s .

Table 5 – Wave Frequency Distribution at Agats Harbour

Directions / Wave 0.25 - 0.50 - 0.75 - 1.00 - 1.50 - 2.00 - 2.50 - >=
Total
Classes (m) 0.50 0.75 1.00 1.50 2.00 2.50 3.00 3.00
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
N 0.01% 0.01% 0.00% 0.00% % % % % 0.03%
NNE 0.03% 0.03% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.06%
Directions / Wave 0.25 - 0.50 - 0.75 - 1.00 - 1.50 - 2.00 - 2.50 - >=
Total
Classes (m) 0.50 0.75 1.00 1.50 2.00 2.50 3.00 3.00
% % % %
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
NE 0.02% 0.02% 0.01% 0.00% % % % % 0.04%
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
NEE 0.02% 0.01% 0.00% 0.00% % % % % 0.03%
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
E 0.06% 0.03% 0.02% 0.00% % % % % 0.10%
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
ESE 0.27% 0.26% 0.06% 0.05% % % % % 0.63%
0.09 0.00 0.00 0.00
SE 1.49% 3.61% 2.55% 2.40% % % % % 10.13%
15.03 0.13 0.00 0.00 0.00
SSE 6.26% % 6.13% 2.97% % % % % 30.52%
0.03 0.00 0.00 0.00
S 7.74% 3.29% 0.64% 0.36% % % % % 12.05%
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
SSW 3.08% 0.24% 0.00% 0.00% % % % % 3.32%
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
SW 2.29% 0.28% 0.01% 0.00% % % % % 2.58%
0.03 0.02 0.00 0.00
WSW 3.72% 2.05% 0.39% 0.26% % % % % 6.47%
1.72 0.59 0.13 0.06
W 4.91% 5.68% 3.08% 5.10% % % % % 21.27%
0.07 0.02 0.01 0.01
WNW 1.04% 0.80% 0.27% 0.39% % % % % 2.61%
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
NW 0.22% 0.09% 0.00% 0.00% % % % % 0.32%
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
NNW 0.09% 0.02% 0.00% 0.00% % % % % 0.12%
31.25 31.44 13.15 11.53 2.07 0.62 0.14 0.07
Sub-Total % % % % % % % % 90.27%
Calms 9.73%
Missing/Incomplete 0.00%
100.00
Total %
 Figure 6 – Wave Class Frequency for Wave Data at Agats Harbour

Table 6 – Yearly Maximum Wave Height for Agats Harbour

Hs SE Hs W Hs All Dir
Year
(m) (m) (m)
2012 1.73 3.12 3.12
2013 1.62 3.64 3.64
2014 1.78 2.70 2.70
2015 1.71 2.48 2.48
2016 1.47 2.01 2.01
2017 1.68 1.82 1.82
2018 1.44 3.50 3.50
2019 1.65 2.87 2.87
2020 1.62 2.72 2.72
2021 1.49 2.50 2.50
Figure 7 – Distribution Fit Test for Wave Data at Agats Harbour
Figure 8 – Cumulative Distribution Functiont for Wave Data at Agats Harbour
Table 7 – Wave Height Return Period at Agats Harbour
Hs (m)
RT % of
ECDF
(years Exceedanc All
% W SE
) e Dir

2 50 50 2.7 1.6 2.7

5 20 80 3.2 1.7 3.2
10 10 90 3.6 1.7 3.6
20 5 95 3.9 1.8 3.9
25 4 96 3.9 1.8 3.9
50 2 98 4.2 1.8 4.2
100 1 99 4.5 1.8 4.5

Figure 9 – Wave Height vs Wave Period Relationship

2.3. Design Criteria

Based on ECMWF extreme analysis data, the design criteria for wind speed for return
period of 50 years is U RT=50 = 84.2 m/s and for wave height for return period of 50
years is HsRT=50 = 4.2 m
3. Merauke Harbour
The wind and wave condition in Merauke Harbour covered several sites as follows:
1. Merauke Harbour
2. Selat Safan/ Muli
3. Bade Harbour (Wind data only)

3.1. Wind Condition

The wind condition in Mearuke Harbour is obtained from ERA5 Reanalysis Data from
ECMWF for 10 years (2012 – 2021). The extracted point from ERA5 Data is located at
140.40°E and 8.48°S. The wind rose for 10 years of wave data is given in Figure 10.
The wind mainly in the range between 2 m/s to 6 m/s. The wind pattern is grouped for
3 monthly following the monsoon season as follows:
1. In the west monsoon season (December – January – February) the wind is
blowing mainly from west and northwest.
2. In the transition between west to east monsoon season (March – April – May) the
wind is blowing from west, northwest, east and southeast.
3. In the east monsoon season (June – July – August) the wind is blowing mainly
from southeast with variation from east to south.
4. In the transition between east to west monsoon season (September – October –
November) the wind is blowing from southeast with variation from east and
southwest.

Figure 10 – Wind Rose for 10 Years Data at Merauke Harbour

The wind speed and direction distribution are given in Table 8 and Figure 11. It shows
that wind with velocity higher than 10 m/s occurred around 0.07% a year. Wind return
period is obtained from extreme analysis with block maxima method. The yearly
maximum wind speed is given in Table 9. 3 types of frequency distribution are tested
which are Largest Extreme Value, Lognormal and Weibull. The distribution test gives
Largest Extreve Value distribution as best fit with p value > 0.05 and smallest Anderson
Darling test parameter (Figure 12). Return periods are obtained from empirical CDF
as given in Figure 13. The 50 years return period of wind velocity is 14 m/s (Table 9).

Table 8 – Wind Frequency Distribution at Merauke Harbour

Directions / 0.50 - 1.00 - 2.00 - 4.00 - 6.00 - 8.00 - 10.00 - >=
Total
Wind Classes (m/s) 1.00 2.00 4.00 6.00 8.00 10.00 15.00 15.00
0.00 0.00
N 0.58% 1.21% 0.59% 0.03% % % 0.00% 0.00% 2.42%
0.00 0.00
NNE 0.52% 0.96% 0.52% 0.01% % % 0.00% 0.00% 2.02%
0.00 0.00
NE 0.50% 1.20% 0.62% 0.01% % % 0.00% 0.00% 2.33%
0.00 0.00
NEE 0.53% 1.59% 1.17% 0.03% % % 0.00% 0.00% 3.32%
0.00 0.00
E 0.56% 2.22% 3.88% 0.42% % % 0.00% 0.00% 7.08%
0.02 0.00
ESE 0.58% 2.52% 6.72% 2.08% % % 0.00% 0.00% 11.92%
0.01 0.00
SE 0.52% 2.19% 5.20% 1.30% % % 0.00% 0.00% 9.23%
0.02 0.00
SSE 0.52% 1.78% 3.35% 0.38% % % 0.00% 0.00% 6.05%
0.01 0.01
S 0.53% 1.85% 3.05% 0.21% % % 0.01% 0.02% 5.69%
0.00 0.00
SSW 0.55% 1.85% 2.65% 0.10% % % 0.00% 0.00% 5.14%
0.00 0.00
SW 0.61% 1.94% 2.87% 0.07% % % 0.00% 0.00% 5.49%
0.01 0.00
WSW 0.57% 1.95% 2.92% 0.40% % % 0.00% 0.00% 5.84%
0.53 0.08
W 0.72% 2.20% 4.19% 2.21% % % 0.01% 0.00% 9.93%
0.27 0.03
WNW 0.60% 2.28% 5.68% 2.54% % % 0.01% 0.00% 11.39%
0.01 0.00
NW 0.63% 2.03% 3.33% 0.42% % % 0.00% 0.00% 6.42%
0.00 0.00
NNW 0.57% 1.47% 1.13% 0.03% % % 0.00% 0.00% 3.19%
29.24 47.86 0.88 0.12
Sub-Total 9.08% % % 10.22% % % 0.04% 0.03% 97.46%
Calms 2.54%
Missing/Incomplete 0.00%
Total 100.00%
Figure 11 – Wind Class Frequency for Wind Data at Merauke Harbour

Figure 12 – Distribution Fit Test for Wind Data at Merauke Harbour

 Figure 13 – Cumulative Distribution Functiont for Wind Data at Merauke Harbour

Table 9 – Wind Velocity Return Period at Merauke Harbour

RT % of
ECDF % U (m/s)
(years) Exceedance

2 50 50 10.6
5 20 80 11.7
10 10 90 12.4
20 5 95 13.1
25 4 96 13.3
50 2 98 14.0
100 1 99 14.7

3.2. Wave Condition

The wave condition in Merauke Harbour is obtained from ERA5 Reanalysis Data from
ECMWF for 10 years (2012 – 2021). The extracted point from ERA5 Data is located at
139.50°E and 9.00°S. The wave data is offshore total wave data in deep water which
consider the swell condition. The wave rose for 10 years of wave data is given in
Figure 14. The wave height mainly in the range between 0.75 m to 2.00 m. The wave
pattern is grouped for 3 monthly period following the monsoon season as follows:
1. In the west monsoon season (December – January – February) the wave is
coming mainly from west.
 2. In the transition between west to east monsoon season (March – April – May) the
wave is coming from west and southeast.
3. In the east monsoon season (June – July – August) the wave is coming mainly
from southeast.
4. In the transition between east to west monsoon season (September – October –
November) the wave is coming from southeast.

Figure 14 – Wave Rose for 10 Years Data at Merauke Harbour

The wave height and direction distribution are given in Table 10 and Figure 15. It
shows that wave with height more than 0.50 m occurred around 87% a year. Wave
return period is obtained from extreme analysis with block maxima method. The yearly
maximum wave height is given in Table 11. 3 types of frequency distribution are
tested which are Largest Extreme Value, Lognormal and Weibull. The distribution test
gives distribution of weibull for west wave, Largest Extreme Value for southeast wave,
and lognormal for all direction wave as best fit with pvalue > 0.05 and smallest Anderson
Darling test parameter (Figure 16). Return periods are obtained from empirical CDF
as given in Figure 17. The 50 years return period of wave height is 4.5 m (Table 12).
Wave period relation with wave height is given in Figure 18. Correlation between the
wave period and wave height follows 5.36√ H s .

Table 10 – Wave Frequency Distribution at Merauke Harbour

Directions /
0.25 - 0.50 - 0.75 - 1.00 - 1.50 - 2.00 - 2.50 - >=
Wave Classes Total
0.50 0.75 1.00 1.50 2.00 2.50 3.00 3.00
(m)
0.00 0.00 0.00
N 0.03% 0.03% 0.01% 0.00% 0.00% % % % 0.06%
0.00 0.00 0.00
NNE 0.03% 0.01% 0.01% 0.01% 0.00% % % % 0.05%
0.00 0.00 0.00
NE 0.04% 0.01% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% % % % 0.04%
0.00 0.00 0.00
NEE 0.05% 0.02% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% % % % 0.07%
0.00 0.00 0.00
E 0.17% 0.27% 0.04% 0.01% 0.00% % % % 0.49%
 10.90 1.13 0.08 0.00
ESE 1.59% 5.01% 4.11% % 6.37% % % % 29.19%
12.03 3.29 0.34 0.01
SE 2.41% 4.37% 3.74% % 9.93% % % % 36.10%
0.15 0.04 0.00
SSE 0.66% 1.01% 0.62% 1.32% 0.73% % % % 4.53%
0.06 0.02 0.00
S 0.62% 0.50% 0.17% 0.46% 0.30% % % % 2.12%
0.00 0.00 0.00
SSW 0.49% 0.34% 0.02% 0.01% 0.00% % % % 0.85%
0.00 0.00 0.00
SW 0.42% 0.34% 0.05% 0.03% 0.01% % % % 0.84%
0.05 0.01 0.01
WSW 1.21% 0.67% 0.09% 0.10% 0.07% % % % 2.21%
0.70 0.30 0.14
W 2.77% 4.41% 2.21% 3.75% 1.74% % % % 16.03%
0.33 0.03 0.04
WNW 0.63% 1.22% 0.87% 1.46% 0.70% % % % 5.28%
0.01 0.01 0.00
NW 0.16% 0.14% 0.09% 0.10% 0.02% % % % 0.52%
0.00 0.00 0.00
NNW 0.06% 0.05% 0.03% 0.01% 0.00% % % % 0.15%
11.34 18.36 12.04 30.16 19.87 5.74 0.83 0.20
Sub-Total % % % % % % % % 98.54%
Calms 1.46%
Missing/Incomplete 0.00%
100.00
Total %

Figure 15 – Wave Class Frequency for Wave Data at Merauke Harbour

Table 11 – Yearly Maximum Wave Height for Merauke Harbour
Hs SE Hs W Hs All Dir
Year
(m) (m) (m)
2012 2.51 3.81 3.81
2013 2.80 3.32 3.32
2014 2.94 4.13 4.13
2015 2.54 2.98 2.98
2016 2.69 2.36 2.69
2017 2.73 2.37 2.73
2018 2.60 3.88 3.97
2019 2.75 3.30 3.30
2020 2.72 2.38 2.86
2021 3.36 3.57 3.57
Figure 16 – Distribution Fit Test for Wave Data at Merauke Harbour
Figure 17 – Cumulative Distribution Functiont for Wave Data at Merauke Harbour
Table 12 – Wave Height Return Period at Merauke Harbour
RT % of Hs (m)
ECDF
(years Exceedanc All
% W SE
) e Dir
2 50 50 3.3 2.7 3.3
5 20 80 3.7 2.9 3.8
10 10 90 4.0 3.0 4.0
20 5 95 4.2 3.1 4.3
25 4 96 4.2 3.2 4.3
50 2 98 4.3 3.3 4.5
100 1 99 4.5 3.4 4.7

12

f(x) = 5.35638799800023 x
10
R² = 0.962968250900772

8
Tp (s)

0
0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2 2.2

sqrt(Hs)

Figure 18 – Wave Height vs Wave Period Relationship

3.3. Design Criteria

Based on ECMWF extreme analysis data, the design criteria for wind speed for return
period of 50 years is U RT=50 = 14.0 m/s and for wave height for return period of 50
years is HsRT=50 = 4.5 m