The Romantic Age 대혁명 -> The First Reform Bill(Democracy)

Romanticism

Poetry fellowship, feelings, passion, imagination, nature, sensation, irrational the supernatural
world the mysterious world ex) the noble savage 오염되지않은 고귀한 자연적 야만인

William Blake “Songs of Innocence” and experience – simple and symbolic lamb = innocence tiger
= mysterious

“London” chain and imprisoned Thames 강 used for business and trade

Charter`d 나누어진

사회(world) 와 자연의 대립

Social control vs innocence of childhood

Chimney Sweeper (Songs of Innocence)

When my mother died I was very young,

And my father sold me while yet my tongue

Could scarcely cry " 'weep! 'weep! 'weep! 'weep!"

So your chimneys I sweep & in soot I sleep.

There's little Tom Dacre, who cried when his head

That curled like a lamb's back, was shaved, so I said,

"Hush, Tom! never mind it, for when your head's bare,

You know that the soot cannot spoil your white hair."

And so he was quiet, & that very night,

As Tom was a-sleeping he had such a sight!

That thousands of sweepers, Dick, Joe, Ned, & Jack,

Were all of them locked up in coffins of black;

And by came an Angel who had a bright key,

And he opened the coffins & set them all free;

Then down a green plain, leaping, laughing they run,

And wash in a river and shine in the Sun.

Then naked & white, all their bags left behind,

They rise upon clouds, and sport in the wind.

And the Angel told Tom, if he'd be a good boy,

He'd have God for his father & never want joy.

And so Tom awoke; and we rose in the dark

And got with our bags & our brushes to work.

Though the morning was cold, Tom was happy & warm;

So if all do their duty, they need not fear harm.

시의 내용은 화자가 엄마가 죽고 아빠가 자신을 판 사연과 같은 아동 노동자인 Tom 과 그가 꾼 꿈에

밝은 열쇠를 든 천사가 관속에 잠겨진 수많은 아동 노동자들을 관에서 데리고 나와 초록색 넓은
평원에서 뛰고 놀고 웃으며 놀게 해주고 강에서 씻기도 하며 햇살을 즐기기도 하는 목가적인 삶과
가방과 옷을 벗어던진 누리게 해주었지만 꿈에서 꺤 Tom 은 어두컴컴한 방에서 일어나 다시 현실인
Chimney 와 도시속에서 가방과 솔을 들며 일하지만 Tom 은 행복함과 따듯함을 느꼈다는 내용이다.

18 세기 아동노동의 착취하는 현실을 고발하며 도시와 Chimney 탄광이 자연과 Angel 에 대비되며
이러한 노동현실을 개혁하기 위해선 각자가 자신들에게 주어진 의무를 다 한다면, 해를 입을
것을 두려워 하지 않아도 되니까요. 시의 마지막 구문과 같이 Religion 의 소명의식을
해결해야한다고 답을 했으며 당시 시대상에선 최선의 답이였으나 후에; 마르크스등
급진적사회개혁론에 의해 비판당함