Assignment No.

1
MTH633 (Spring 2023)
ID꞉ Bc230216816
Question No 1꞉

Suppose that G is an abelian group and H is the subset of G then, prove that the subset H ꞊
(a ɛ G ꞉a 3 ꞊ e ) is a subgroup of G .

Solution ꞉

Let a ,b the elements in H

Which means that a 3 ꞊ e and b 3 ꞊ e

Because we want to show that (a b) 3 ꞊ e

And (a b) 3 ꞊ a b a b a b 3 times

We can write a b a b a b in this form

a (a b)(a b) b.

Since G is abelian, we can rearrange the elements as

(a b) 3 ꞊ a (a b)(a b)b

(a b) 3 ꞊ a (b a)(b a)b

(a b) 3 ꞊ a(b a b)(a b)b e q(1)

Because b a ꞊ b a b in above lines

Since a 3 ꞊ e and b 3 ꞊ e we can substitute in above equation (1)

Now (a b) 3 ꞊ e (a b)(a b)b

Using the identity property , we simplify it as

(a b) 3 ꞊ e (a b) 2 b

We can write the b 2 ꞊ b 3(b) -1 ꞊ e b (-1) ꞊ b (-1)

Therefore (a b) 3꞊ e (a b 2)b ꞊ eb -1 b꞊ e {(b (-1) )b}

Then,

e *e ꞊ e

Hence, (a b) 3 ꞊ e which implies that ab is in H.

Therefore, the subset of H ꞊ ( a in G ꞉ a 3 ꞊ e ) is closed under the binary operation of the abelian
group G. Answer.

Question 2꞉

Let Z be a set of integers. Is Z a group under the binary operation multiplication?

Prove or Disprove.

Solution ꞉

Set of integers is a group under binary operation if satisfies the following properties of Group.

Closure Property꞉

Multiplication of two integers is always an integer.

Let a*b is the element of Z

a *b ɛ Z SO

2 *3 ꞊ 6 AND 6 ɛ Z.

Z is closed under multiplication.

Associative Property꞉

Let a ,b ,c is the elements of Z

a, b ,c € Z

(a *b)*c ꞊a*(b*c) a꞊2 b꞊ 3 c꞊ 4

(2*3)*4 ꞊2*(3*4)

6*4꞊2*12

24꞊24

Z is associative under multiplication.

Existence of Property꞉
a.1꞊a and 1.a ꞊ a

1 is multiplication identity under Z.

Existence of Inverse꞉

Let a ɛ G and b ɛ G such that

a *b ꞊b* a ꞊ e

Let 2 ɛ Z , 1/2 Ɇ Z

2.1/2 ꞊ 1/2 . 2 ꞊ 1.

The inverse does not exist. 1/2Ɇ Z

So that, the set of integers is not group under binary multiplication . Answer