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WCSPH SIMULATION OF MOTION RESPONSE AND POWER ABSORPTION OF A

HEAVING POINT ABSORBER IN THE PERSIAN GULF

Conference Paper · May 2023

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 9 & 10 May 2023 , Tehran-IRAN
International Conference on Coasts, Ports and Marine Structures

WCSPH SIMULATION OF MOTION RESPONSE AND POWER ABSORPTION OF A HEAVING

POINT ABSORBER IN THE PERSIAN GULF
Kaveh Soleimani, Mohammad Javad Ketabdari and Kambiz Soleimani

WCSPH SIMULATION OF MOTION RESPONSE AND POWER ABSORPTION OF A

HEAVING POINT ABSORBER IN THE PERSIAN GULF

Kaveh Soleimani 1, Mohammad Javad Ketabdari 2 and Kambiz Soleimani3

1) Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran, Kv.soleimani@aut.ac.ir

2) Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran, Ketabdar@aut.ac.ir
3) Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran, Kambiz_solaimani@yahoo.com

1. Introduction 3. The Equation of Motion in SPH Model

Wave energy devices are normally tuned to work at
resonance in highly energetic locations where a
considerable wave power could be extracted. These two
conditions necessitate using nonlinear CFD models such as
the SPH to evaluate the response of wave power devices [1-
2]. In this research, the SPH-based SPHysics model [3] was
used to simulate the regular wave interaction with a heaving
point absorber. This device has a small size relative to wave
length [4]. The model was first verified using an analytical
The motion of the device is evaluated by summing the
contributions exerted on the boundary particles for entire
device. The force on each boundary particle is computed by
summing up the contribution from all the surrounding water
particles within the surrounding kernel. The boundary
particle k experiences the following force per unit mass:
fk = 
aWPs
f ka (1)

solution of the equation of motion where a good
correspondence was found between the two sets of data.
Then, as a case study, the device's performance under the
wave condition of Faroor Island in the Persian Gulf was
investigated.
2. Study Area
Faroor (54.30 E and 26.17 N) is a small island in the
where WPs denotes the water particles and f ka the force per
unit mass exerted by water particle a on boundary particle
k. The equations of basic rigid body dynamics are used for
the motion of the considered point absorber which in
translational degrees of freedom is given as:
dV
M − bpzV =  mk f k (2)
dt kBPs

Persian Gulf. The weather in this region is hot. To study the
climate of the region, the data recorded by the Faroor wave
buoy were used. The water depth at the location of the buoy
was 26.25 m. Based on the wind rose of the area that is
shown in Figure 1, the majority of winds originate from east
to northeast directions. As shown in Figure 2, the dominant
wave direction is also east to northeast.
where M is the device mass, V is device velocity, bpz is the
PTO coefficient and BPs denotes the boundary particles.
This equation is integrated in time to predict the values of V
for the beginning of the next time-step.
The PTO force and the pneumatic power across the
damper are given by the following equation
Fpto = bpzV (3)
Ppto = bpzV .V (4)

Figure 1. Annual wind rose of Faroor.
4. Validation
In this section for a simple model of heaving wave
absorber, the SPH model results of the displacement and
velocity were compared with the analytical data from the
solution of Eq. 1. The length, width and draft of the floating
body were 0.3 m, 0.3 m and 0.15 m, respectively. The wave
height, period and water depth were set to 0.15 m, 1.5 s and
1.5 m, respectively. A PTO coefficient of 100 Nm/s was
applied to the cylinder. The analytical model and numerical
setup are shown in Figure 3. A comparison between the
numerical and analytical data on the heaving displacement
and velocity of the device are shown in Figures 4 and 5
where good correspondence is evident.

Figure 2. Annual wave rose of Faroor.

205
 9 & 10 May 2023 , Tehran-IRAN
International Conference on Coasts, Ports and Marine Structures

wave condition of the area was predicted using the SPH

method. This procedure showed how an SPH model could
be used for the prediction of the device performance in real
sea conditions.
(a) (b)
Figure 3. Simulation of the floating body a) Analytical
model b) SPH model.

Figure 6. Heaving displacement of the device.

Figure 4. Validation of the device heaving displacement.

Figure 7. Heaving velocity of the device.

Figure 8. Absorbed power by the device.

Figure 5. Validation of the device heaving velocity.
7. References
5. Case Study
In this section, the performance of a point absorber was
evaluated on Faroor Island in the Persian Gulf. Previous
investigations showed that the point absorber is a candidate
for wave power absorption in this area [5]. Analysing the
buoy data of the Faroor island indicated that the wave height
and period are H=1.153 m and T=5.92 s, respectively. Using
Froude similitude, these values for numerical modeling
were downscaled to a water depth of 1.5m, resulting in
T=1.41 s and H=0.066m. The device under consideration is
the one that was numerically modelled by Agamloh et al [6]
with a height, radius and draft of 1 m, 0.3 m and 0.5 m,
respectively. The PTO coefficient was set to 300. The
heaving displacement, velocity and absorbed power are
shown in Figures 6-8, respectively. These are the results of
the simulation in a wave tank of 1.5m depth. For predicting
the performance of the device in real sea conditions, a
reverse similarity operation should be performed.
6. Conclusion
In this research, an SPH simulation was performed to
investigate the wave-point absorber interaction considering
the wave data of Faroor Island in the model scale. The
validation section demonstrated that the SPH model could
predict the motion response of the device with acceptable
accuracy. Using wave data of Faroor Island and the
similarity laws, the device performance in the modeled
[1] Ketabdari, M.J., Soleimani, K. and Khorasani, F., "Modeling
of multipurpose fixed breakwater wave energy converter using
SPH method," in Complementary Resources for Tomorrow,
Springer, 2020, pp. 149-162.
[2] Soleimani, K., Ketabdari, M.J. and Bingham, H.B., "WCSPH
simulation of the forced response of an attenuator oscillating
water column wave energy converter," European Journal of
Mechanics-B/Fuids, 95, 2022, pp. 38-51.
[3] Gomez-Gesteira, M., Rogers, B.D., Crespo, A.J.C.,
Dalrymple, R.A., Narayanaswamy, M. and Dominguez, J.M.,
"SPHysics – development of a free-surface fluid solver – Part 1:
Theory and formulations," Computers & Geosciences, 48, 2012,
pp. 289-299.
[4] Soleimani, K., and Ketabdari, M. J., "Performance analysis of
a tuned point absorber using SPH calm water and wave tank
simulations", Journal of Ocean Engineering and Science, 2022,
pp. 3-28.
[5] Soleimani, K., Ketabdari, M.J. and Khorasani, F., "Feasibility
study on tidal and wave energy conversion in Iranian seas,"
Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments, 11, 2015, pp.
77-86.
[6] Agamloh, E.B., Wallace, A.K. and von Jouanne, A.,
"Application of fluid–structure interaction simulation of an ocean
wave energy extraction device," Renewable Energy, 33, 2008, pp.
748-757.

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