Mock AILET 04 AK - Bhilai

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MOCK AILET #04
ANSWER KEY & EXPLANATIONS

PART 01 : ENGLISH LANGUAGE AND LOGICAL sentence, "Probability theory provides the tools,"
REASONING probability theory (an abstract concept) is being
compared with tools (mechanical tangible objects)
1. (b) Prepositional phrase to demonstrate the ability to provide solutions
The phrase "out of these" is used to indicate a part through calculations.
or selection from a larger group. In this case, it is C) Personification is the figure of speech in which
indicating the selection of certain hands from the inanimate objects or abstract concepts are given
total number of possible hands. human qualities or attributes.
Incorrect options explanation: B) Simile: A simile compares two unrelated things
Adverbial phrase: While the phrase does contain an using "like" or "as." There is no such comparison in
adverb ("out"), it functions as a prepositional phrase the given sentence.
in this context. D) Hyperbole: Hyperbole is the use of exaggerated
Noun phrase: "Out of these" does not function as a statements or claims. The sentence does not contain
noun phrase in the given sentence. any exaggeration.
Adjective phrase: "Out of these" does not modify a 4. (a) The word "truthfully" describes how the friend
noun or pronoun, so it does not function as an looks at his card and makes the announcement. It
adjective phrase. indicates the manner in which the action is
2. (c) The word "implicit" refers to something that is performed, making it an adverb of manner.
understood or suggested without being explicitly B) Time: The word "truthfully" does not indicate a
expressed. In the passage, it refers to the assumption specific time but rather the manner of the action.
that all hands are equally likely, even though it is not C) Place: The word "truthfully" does not indicate a
directly stated. specific place but rather the manner of the action.
A) Clear and obvious: The word "implicit" does not D) Degree: The word "truthfully" does not indicate
mean clear and obvious; rather, it implies a degree or intensity but rather the manner of the
something not explicitly stated. action.
B) Expressed directly: The word "implicit" means 5. (c) In the first case, there are 28 possible hands that can
the opposite of being expressed directly. be dealt from the abbreviated deck. This is
C) Uncertain or doubtful: The word "implicit" does determined by choosing 2 cards out of the 8
not imply uncertainty or doubt, but rather remaining cards (4 aces and 4 kings).
something that is understood without being A) 22 is the number of hands that contain at least
explicitly stated. one ace, not the total number of possible hands.
3. (a) Metaphor: A metaphor compares two unrelated B) 6 is the number of hands that contain two
things without using "like" or "as." There is no such aces, not the total number of possible hands.
comparison in the given sentence. In the given
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C) 8 is the number of cards remaining in the A) 14: This option does not reflect the doubling of
abbreviated deck, not the total number of possible the sample space when considering the order of
hands. the dealt cards.
6. (b) The idiomatic expression "set up calculations" B) 28: This represents the initial number of
means to arrange or plan mathematical problems or elements in the sample space without
calculations. It refers to the process of organizing considering the order. Considering the order
the necessary steps and operations required to solve would double this number.
a specific mathematical problem. C) 112: This option overestimates the number of
A) Perform mathematical operations: While elements in the sample space. Considering the
performing mathematical operations is a part of order only doubles the initial number, it does
the overall process, the phrase "set up not quadruple it.
calculations" specifically refers to the initial 10. (d) When flipping two coins, there are two possible
planning and arrangement stage. outcomes for each coin, either heads (H) or tails (T).
B) Solve complex equations: The phrase "set up To calculate the sample space, we multiply the
calculations" does not specifically refer to number of outcomes for each coin: 2 outcomes for
solving complex equations but rather to the the first coin multiplied by 2 outcomes for the
preparatory steps before solving the equations. second coin, resulting in 4 possible outcomes in
C) Gather data for statistical analysis: The phrase total.
"set up calculations" does not refer to gathering A) 1: This option does not reflect the fact that there
data for statistical analysis but rather to the are two coins being flipped, each with two
planning and arrangement of mathematical possible outcomes.
problems or calculations. B) 2: This option does not account for the second
7. (b) The passage states that out of the 28 possible hands coin and the possible combinations that can
that can be dealt from the abbreviated deck, exactly arise from flipping both coins.
6 hands contain no aces. Therefore, the remaining C) 3: This option does not accurately account for
hands (28 - 6) contain at least one ace, resulting in all possible outcomes when flipping two coins.
22 possible hands with at least one ace. There are four distinct possibilities: HH, HT,
A) 6: This is the number of hands that contain two TH, and TT.
aces, not the number of hands with at least one 11. (b) The passage uses past tense verbs to describe events
ace. that have already occurred. The use of past tense
B) 28: This is the total number of possible hands helps to establish the narrative and convey the
when two cards are dealt from the abbreviated sequence of actions and observations.
deck, not the number of hands with at least one A) Present tense: The passage primarily describes
ace. events that happened in the past, so the present
C) 2: This option does not reflect the information tense is not the predominant tense used.
provided in the passage. There are more than B) Future tense: The passage does not discuss
two possible hands with at least one ace. events that will happen in the future, so the
8. (c) To calculate the probability, we need to determine future tense is not relevant.
the number of favourable outcomes (getting one ace C) Conditional tense: The passage does not contain
and one king) and divide it by the total number of conditional statements or hypothetical
possible outcomes (28). There are 16 possible ways situations, so the conditional tense is not used.
to get one ace and one king. Therefore, the 12. (b) "Commotion" refers to a state of noisy confusion or
probability is 16/28, which simplifies to 8/14 or 4/7. agitation. In the context of the passage, it suggests a
A) 6/28: This is not the probability of getting one state of uproar or disturbance caused by the
ace and one king. It does not accurately reflect discovery of the robbery and the subsequent events
the calculation based on the given information. at Wapshaw's Wharf.
B) 2/28: This option does not represent the A) Silence: "Commotion" denotes the opposite of
probability of getting one ace and one king. It silence, as it implies a state of noise and
does not match the calculation based on the activity.
passage. B) Calmness: "Commotion" does not imply
C) 4/28: This option represents the probability of calmness, but rather the opposite, indicating a
getting two aces, not the probability of getting state of chaos or turmoil.
one ace and one king. C) Peacefulness: "Commotion" implies the
9. (c) The passage mentions that the sample space absence of peacefulness, as it signifies a state of
consists of all possible unordered pairs of cards that disturbance or upheaval.
can be dealt. However, if the order of the dealt cards 13. (a) The sentence compares Sherlock Holmes' behaviour
is considered, each unordered pair has two possible to that of an annoying child using the word "like,"
orderings. Therefore, the number of elements in the which establishes a comparison. This figure of
sample space is doubled, resulting in 56 elements. speech is known as a simile.
B) Metaphor: A metaphor would directly state that the shelf are mysteries, leading to the conclusion
Sherlock Holmes is an annoying child, without that all books in the library are mysteries.
using the word "like" for comparison. 18. (a) Inductive reasoning involves making
C) Hyperbole: Hyperbole involves exaggeration for generalizations based on specific observations. In
emphasis, which is not present in the given sentence. this scenario, the observation that every time it rains,
D) Personification: Personification attributes human the grass becomes wet leads to the generalization
qualities to non-human entities, which is not the case that rain causes wet grass.
in the given sentence. 19. (a) The passage states that inductive reasoning starts
14. (d) The sentence is already in indirect speech, where the with observations that produce generalizations and
speaker's words are reported indirectly. To rewrite it theories, whereas deductive reasoning begins with
in direct speech, the reported speech should be general principles or hypotheses and reaches
presented within quotation marks without any specific conclusions. Option A accurately captures
changes to the tenses or pronouns. Option D this distinction.
accurately represents the original sentence in direct 20. (b) In "The Wapshaw's Wharf Mystery," the
speech format. investigators concluded that the night watchman
A) This option incorrectly changes the tenses of the was not the culprit based on their belief that he had
verb "recollect" and "has" to "recollected" and been brutally attacked and thrown into the river.
"has," respectively. This conclusion was reached by using deductive
B) This option uses the incorrect tense "has" reasoning, starting with the observation of the
instead of "had" for the verb "pass" in the past. watchman's body and the evidence of violence. The
C) This option uses the incorrect tense "recollect" deductive reasoning led them to eliminate him as a
instead of "recollected" to match the past tense suspect.
context. 21. (b) In "The Wapshaw's Wharf Mystery," the
15. (c) The correct verb form should be "concluded" watchman's watch had stopped, and a valuable clue
instead of "induced." The verb "concluded" fits the to the time of the crime was that the second hand had
context and meaning of the sentence, indicating just passed the forty-ninth second. This detail
Sherlock Holmes' deduction or inference about the provided a specific time reference that could help
woman's suicide. investigators piece together the events surrounding
A) Subject-verb agreement: There is no subject- the robbery and the watchman's attack.
verb agreement error in the given sentence. 22. (a) The investigators in "The Wapshaw's Wharf
B) Tense consistency: The tense used in the Mystery" made the basic assumption that the night
sentence is consistent, so there is no error in watchman was not guilty of the robbery. This
tense consistency. assumption forms the foundation of their
C) Capitalization error: There are no capitalization investigation and subsequent search for the actual
errors in the given sentence. culprit.
16. (b) The passage explicitly states that Sherlock Holmes 23. (b) Based on the information provided in "The
uses inductive reasoning, which starts with Wapshaw's Wharf Mystery," the potential solutions
observations that produce generalizations and that can be inferred are that either an unknown
theories. He forms hypotheses and theories based on intruder broke into Wapshaw's Wharf and robbed
the patterns and observations he gathers during his the safe, or the night watchman was attacked and
investigations. killed by someone else who was involved in the
A) Deductive reasoning: The passage states that robbery. These possibilities arise from the evidence
Sherlock Holmes does not use deductive of the safe being broken open, the night watchman's
reasoning but instead employs inductive body being found in the river with signs of violence,
reasoning. and the missing sum of money.
B) Abductive reasoning: Abductive reasoning 24. (a) The correct form of the verb "believe" should be
refers to inference to the best explanation, used to match the plural subject "doctors." The
which is not specifically mentioned in the correct sentence should be "The doctors believe that
passage as the reasoning method used by early intervention is crucial for successful
Holmes. treatment."
C) Analytical reasoning: Analytical reasoning 25. (a) The word "exacerbated" means to make a situation
generally involves breaking down complex worse, which accurately describes the patient's
problems into smaller components, but it is not condition deteriorating and developing acute
specified as the reasoning approach employed respiratory distress.
by Holmes in the passage. 26. (b) The sentence uses a metaphor by comparing the
17. (d) Deductive reasoning involves drawing a specific person's determination to a flame, highlighting how
conclusion based on general principles or premises. it fuels or drives their success. It does not use "like"
In this case, the general premise is that all books on or "as," which would indicate a simile.
27. (c) Option C represents indirect speech as it reports Option b) The ability to express oneself covertly:
what she said using a reporting verb ("mentioned") While covert expression may be a skill possessed by
and changes the tense and pronouns accordingly. It intelligence officers, it does not specifically relate to
presents the information from the speaker's the subtext of self-expression mentioned in the
statement in an indirect manner. passage.
28. (a) The verb "are" should be changed to "is" to match Option c) The underlying motives of intelligence
the singular subject "each." The correct sentence officers: The passage does not mention anything
should be "Each of the employees is required to about the underlying motives of intelligence officers
attend the training session." in relation to self-expression.
29. (c) The T wave represents ventricular repolarization in Option d) The command of multiple languages:
an electrocardiogram. It indicates the recovery or Although the passage mentions that successful
relaxation phase of the ventricles following their intelligence officers often have a strong command of
contraction, which is represented by the QRS multiple languages, it is not directly connected to the
complex. subtext of self-expression.
30. (b) The passage states that the J-point is the point where 38. (a) The passage states that ciphers and secret codes
the QRS complex and the ST segment meet, were used to ensure that the contents of a letter could
indicating the transition between ventricular not be understood if captured. This purpose aligns
depolarization and repolarization. with the idea of ensuring the security of
31. (d) The passage mentions that the QRS complex is communications.
usually negative in leads aVR, V1, and V2. Option b) To encode messages in multiple
32. (c) The passage states that a T wave normally follows languages: While spies may need to encode
the same direction as the QRS complex. If it occurs messages in multiple languages, the passage does
in the opposite direction, it generally reflects some not specifically mention this purpose in relation to
sort of cardiac pathology, indicating abnormal ciphers and secret codes.
ventricular repolarization. Option c) To create a subtext in self-expression: The
33. (a) The passage explains that the sequence method passage does not associate the purpose of ciphers
involves finding an R wave that lines up with one of and secret codes with creating a subtext in self-
the dark vertical lines on the ECG paper and expression.
counting the number of R waves between those lines Option d) To facilitate analysis and interpretation:
to estimate the heart rate. The passage does not mention that ciphers and secret
34. (a) The passage states that the P wave represents the codes are used to facilitate analysis and
depolarization of the left and right atrium and also interpretation.
corresponds to atrial contraction. 39. (b) The passage mentions that successful intelligence
35. (b) The passage states that the P wave is no more than officers often have a strong command of multiple
0.11 seconds in duration. If the P wave is 1.8 mm languages. This suggests that fluency in multiple
tall, its approximate duration can be calculated as a languages is considered crucial for their success.
proportion. Since 2.5 mm corresponds to 0.11 Option A) Proficiency in mathematics and coding:
seconds, we can set up the following proportion: While proficiency in mathematics and coding may
(1.8 mm / 2.5 mm) = (x seconds / 0.11 seconds). be beneficial for intelligence officers, the passage
Solving for x, we find that the approximate duration does not explicitly mention this as a crucial skill.
of the P wave is 0.0792 i.e. 0.08 seconds. Option c) Mastery of covert self-expression: The
36. (d) The passage states that an elevation of at least 2 mm passage mentions understanding the subtext of self-
above baseline at the J-point is consistent with a expression, but it does not suggest that mastery of
STEMI diagnosis. If the J-point is elevated by 4 mm, covert self-expression is crucial for successful
we can calculate the percentage increase compared intelligence officers.
to the minimum diagnostic criterion. The increase is Option d) Extensive knowledge of spy novels: The
(4 mm - 2 mm) = 2 mm. To calculate the percentage passage mentions that the public learned about
increase, we divide the increase by the baseline espionage through novels, but it does not imply that
value (2 mm) and multiply by 100: (2 mm / 2 mm) intelligence officers require extensive knowledge of
* 100 = 100%. Therefore, the elevation of 4 mm is a spy novels.
200% increase compared to the minimum diagnostic 40. (c) The passage states that until fairly recently, the only
criterion. way the public learned about the hidden world of
37. (a) The phrase "subtext of self-expression" refers to the espionage was through novels because real events
underlying or hidden meaning behind one's words. were classified. This suggests that classifying real
The passage mentions that successful intelligence events was done to ensure the security of
officers understand this subtext, which suggests that communications.
they can decipher hidden messages or intentions in Option A) To protect the identities of intelligence
communication. officers: The passage does not mention protecting
the identities of intelligence officers as a reason for Reason for incorrect options:
classifying real events. A) 753%20: This option does not correspond to
Option b) To maintain the public's interest in spy the given code after decoding.
novels: The passage does mention that novels were b) 053%24: This option does not correspond to the
the only way the public learned about espionage, but given code after decoding.
it does not suggest that classifying real events was c) 0232%0: This option does not correspond to the
done to maintain the public's interest in spy novels. given code after decoding.
Option d) To hide the mistakes made in encoding 44. (d) By comparing the given code with the information
messages: provided, we can determine that the letter "S"
41. (b) The passage states that until fairly recently, the decodes to the symbol "%".
public learned about the hidden world of espionage Reason for incorrect options:
through novels because real events were classified. A) N: This letter decodes to the number 7, not
This indicates that the public's access to information the symbol "%".
about espionage was limited due to the classification b) F: This letter decodes to the number 5, not the
of real events. symbol "%".
Reasons why other options are incorrect: c) R: This letter decodes to the number 3, not the
Option A) The public's knowledge of espionage was symbol "%".
limited to classified information: The passage does 45. (b) By comparing the given code with the information
not explicitly state that the public's knowledge was provided, we can determine the decoded letters as
limited to classified information, but rather that they follows:
learned about espionage through novels. A decodes to %
Option c) The public had no interest in learning R decodes to 3
about the hidden world of espionage: The passage F decodes to 5
does not suggest that the public had no interest in T decodes to 8
learning about espionage; it only mentions that H decodes to #
novels were their source of information. E decodes to %
Option d) The public had extensive knowledge of Therefore, the decoded code is %358#%, which
covert communication techniques: The passage does corresponds to option b.
not indicate that the public had extensive knowledge Reason for incorrect options:
of covert communication techniques. 4358#%: This option does not correspond to the
42. (b) The passage mentions that a small mistake in how given code after decoding.
a message is enciphered or interpreted can have c) 4358#4: This option does not correspond to the
disastrous results. It suggests that such mistakes given code after decoding.
could lead to the capture of sensitive information. d) %385#%: This option does not correspond to the
Option A) It can lead to the exposure of intelligence given code after decoding.
officers: The passage does not specifically mention 46. (c) By comparing the given code with the information
the exposure of intelligence officers as a provided, we can determine that the letter "H"
consequence of small mistakes in encryption or decodes to the symbol "#".
interpretation. A) A: This letter decodes to the number 4, not
Option c) It can cause a breakdown in the symbol "#".
communication between spies: The passage does not b) R: This letter decodes to the number 3, not the
indicate that small mistakes in encryption or symbol "#".
interpretation cause a breakdown in communication d) F: This letter decodes to the number 5, not the
between spies. symbol "#".
Option d) It can reveal the true meaning of a coded 47. (c) By comparing the given code with the information
message: While a small mistake could reveal the provided, we can determine the decoded letters as
true meaning, the passage does not explicitly state follows:
this as the reason why it is considered disastrous. S decodes to 0
43. (d) By comparing the given code with the information N decodes to 7
provided, we can determine the decoded letters as A decodes to 4
follows: C decodes to 2
N decodes to 0 R decodes to 3
F decodes to 5 E decodes to 0
R decodes to 3 Therefore, the decoded code is ‘074230’ which
S decodes to % corresponds to option c.
C decodes to 2 A) 047230 : This option does not correspond to
A decodes to 0 the given code after decoding.
Therefore, the decoded code is 053%20, which b) 074320 : This option does not correspond to the
corresponds to option d. given code after decoding.
d) %7423% :This option does not correspond to the ambition and being a politician. It only mentions
given code after decoding. that all politicians are ambitious, but it does not
48. (a) Options (a) provided in the question state that M is imply that all ambitious individuals are politicians.
the grandfather of T. The symbols used in the given 52. (d) According to the passage, the conclusion of a
relationships provide a clear way to express the conditional syllogism is often unspoken, and it is
grandfather-grandchild relationship between M and intended for the listener to infer it themselves. This
T. It shows that : M is the father of N, N is the implies that conditional syllogisms rely on unspoken
husband of L, L is the mother of C, C is the sister of inferences to convey the intended message. The
T. there is clear indication of M is the grandfather of passage does not provide information supporting
T. options A, B, or C.
49. (b) "Pervasive" means something that is widespread or Conditional syllogisms are always completed with
prevalent. Among the given options, "incessant" all three sentences: The passage mentions that
comes closest in meaning, as it refers to something conditional syllogisms are often not completed with
that is continuous and unceasing, much like all three sentences and sometimes only the major
something that is pervasive. premise is enough.
A) Scant: "Scant" means lacking in quantity or The conclusion of a conditional syllogism is always
insufficient, which is the opposite of "pervasive." explicitly stated: The passage states that the
B) Limited: "Limited" means restricted or conclusion is often unspoken, implying that it is not
confined, which is the opposite of "pervasive." always explicitly stated.
C) Sparse: "Sparse" means thinly scattered or Conditional syllogisms are widely used in
not densely populated, which is also the opposite of advertisements but rarely in therapy: The passage
"pervasive." does not provide specific information on the
50. (a) In sentence A, the phrase "Running down the street" frequency of use in advertisements versus therapy.
is a participle phrase that modifies "a cat." However, It discusses conditional syllogisms in the context of
it appears at the beginning of the sentence, leading both advertising and therapy without making a
to confusion about whether the cat or the person comparison between the two.
running down the street startled the speaker. This is 53. (a) In this sentence, "The committee members, along
an example of a misplaced modifier, as the intended with the chairman" is a prepositional phrase that
meaning is unclear due to the incorrect placement of serves as additional information and does not affect
the modifying phrase. the verb agreement. The subject of the sentence is
Incorrect options: "committee members," which is plural. However,
B) I saw a man on the hill with a telescope: This since the prepositional phrase "along with the
sentence is grammatically correct and does not chairman" is not the subject, it does not affect the
contain a misplaced modifier. verb tense. Therefore, the correct verb form should
C) The book was read by Sara before going to bed: be "were" to agree with the plural subject
This sentence is structured correctly, and the "committee members."
modifier "before going to bed" appropriately D) was arguing heatedly during the meeting: This
modifies the action of reading by Sara. option maintains the original verb form, which is
D) Eating dinner, the doorbell suddenly rang: This incorrect because it does not agree with the plural
sentence is grammatically correct and does not subject "committee members."
contain a misplaced modifier. B) are arguing heatedly during the meeting: This
51. (c) The statement establishes that all politicians are option uses the present tense verb "are," which does
ambitious, and it mentions that Sarah is a politician. not agree with the past tense context provided in the
From this information, it can be inferred that Sarah's sentence.
ambition is the reason for her being a politician. The C) has been arguing heatedly during the meeting:
statement does not provide any information about This option uses the present perfect tense "has
the level of ambition compared to other politicians been," which is not appropriate in this context. The
(option A) or whether Sarah is the only ambitious sentence refers to a specific past event, so the simple
politician (option B). Option D is not supported by past tense is more suitable.
the given statement. 54. (a) In this sentence, the word "disclosure" best fits the
Sarah is the most ambitious politician: The context. The sentence suggests that the company's
statement does not provide any information reputation has been negatively affected because
regarding the comparative level of ambition among unethical practices were revealed or made known.
politicians. "Disclosure" means the act of revealing or making
Sarah is the only ambitious politician: The statement something known, often referring to the release of
does not indicate that Sarah is the only ambitious previously hidden or confidential information. It
politician; it only establishes that she is a politician. aligns with the idea that the reputation was tarnished
All ambitious individuals are politicians: The due to the exposure of unethical practices.
statement does not establish a correlation between
B) Concealment: This option means hiding or relationship presented in the major premise and does
keeping something secret, which is the opposite of not accurately represent the given information.
disclosure and does not fit the context. D) If Sarah performs well in exams, she is a student:
C) Implementation: This option means the act of This option does not address
putting something into effect or action, which does 58. (a) The argument presented in the passage is based on
not convey the same meaning as the negative impact the premise that "studies have shown that regular
on reputation due to unethical practices. exercise improves cognitive function." For this
D) Eradication: This option means the complete argument to hold, it is necessary to assume that the
elimination or eradication of something, which is studies referenced in the passage are reliable and
unrelated to the negative impact on reputation due to valid. If the studies are flawed or unreliable, then the
unethical practices. conclusion that engaging in physical activities
55. (a) The major premise states that if it rains, the ground enhances mental abilities may not be justified.
gets wet. The minor premise states that it is raining. B) Cognitive function is solely determined by
Based on these premises, the logical conclusion is physical activity: The passage does not make the
that the ground is wet. This conclusion directly claim that cognitive function is solely determined by
follows the conditional relationship between rain physical activity. It states that regular exercise
and the ground getting wet. improves cognitive function but does not exclude
B) Therefore, it is not raining: This conclusion goes other factors that may also influence cognitive
against the information provided in the minor abilities.
premise, which states that it is raining. C) Running and cycling are the only forms of
C) Therefore, the ground is dry: This conclusion physical activity that improve cognitive function:
contradicts the major premise, which states that if it The passage does not limit the types of physical
rains, the ground gets wet. activity that can improve cognitive function to
D) Therefore, it will snow: The conclusion does not running and cycling. It uses them as examples but
logically follow from the given premises and is not does not exclude other forms of exercise.
related to the conditional relationship between rain D) Improving cognitive function is the primary goal
and the ground getting wet. of engaging in physical activities: The passage does
56. (a) The major premise states that if people exercise not assert that improving cognitive function is the
regularly, they stay healthy. The minor premise primary goal of engaging in physical activities. It
states that John exercises regularly. Based on these simply suggests that engaging in physical activities
premises, the logical conclusion is that John will like running or cycling can enhance mental abilities
stay healthy. This conclusion follows the without specifying the primary motivation behind
conditional relationship between regular exercise such activities.
and staying healthy. 59. (a) The major premise states that either Alice is at home
B) Therefore, John is not healthy: This conclusion or she is at work. The minor premise states that Alice
goes against the information provided in the major is at work. Based on these premises, the logical
premise, which states that if people exercise conclusion is that Alice is not at home. This
regularly, they stay healthy. conclusion follows the disjunctive relationship, as if
C) Therefore, John will not exercise: The conclusion Alice is at work (B is true), then A (being at home)
does not logically follow from the given premises is false.
and does not align with the information provided in B) Therefore, Alice is at home: This conclusion
the minor premise. contradicts the minor premise, which states that
D) Therefore, John is unhealthy: This conclusion Alice is at work.
contradicts the major premise, which states that if C) Therefore, Alice is both at home and at work:
people exercise regularly, they stay healthy. This conclusion contradicts the exclusive-or
57. (a) The major premise states that if students study relationship presented in the major premise, where
diligently, they perform well in exams. The minor A and B cannot both be true.
premise states that Sarah is a student. The correct D) Therefore, Alice's whereabouts are unknown:
representation of the conditional syllogism is that if The conclusion does not follow logically from the
Sarah studies diligently, she will perform well in given premises. The minor premise provides
exams. This follows the conditional relationship information about Alice's location (she is at work).
between diligent studying and good exam 60. (a) The major premise states that either it's raining or
performance. the sun is shining. The minor premise states that it's
B) If Sarah performs well in exams, she studies not raining. The correct form of the disjunctive
diligently: This reverses the cause-and-effect syllogism is that, if it's not raining, then the
relationship presented in the major premise and does conclusion is that the sun is shining. This follows the
not accurately represent the given information. disjunctive relationship, where if one option
C) If students perform well in exams, they study (raining) is false, the other option (sun shining) must
diligently: This reverses the cause-and-effect be true.
B) Therefore, it's raining: This conclusion specific colors and their connotations. Therefore,
contradicts the minor premise, which states that it's option c) best expresses the main idea of the
not raining. passage.
C) Therefore, it's both raining and the sun is shining: Option A) Colours have psychological effects on
This conclusion contradicts the exclusive-or individuals: While the passage mentions that colors
relationship presented in the major premise, where can provoke emotions and create moods, it does not
raining and the sun shining cannot both be true. explicitly discuss the psychological effects on
D) Therefore, the weather is unknown: The individuals as a main idea.
conclusion does not logically follow from the given Option b) Choosing the right colour palette is crucial
premises. The minor premise provides information for brand identity: While the passage highlights the
about the absence of rain. importance of color palette selection for brand
61. (a) In the passage, it is mentioned that dark shades of identity, it does not encompass the entire main idea
yellow, like gold, give the impression of antiquity of the passage.
and age. Antiquity refers to the quality of being Option d) Red and blue are the most effective
ancient or old, which aligns with the concept of colours for marketing: The passage discusses
timelessness. Therefore, option A) is the correct various colors and their associations, not just red and
answer. blue. Additionally, it does not emphasize that these
Option b) Simulative: This word is not related to the colors are the most effective for marketing.
given context. 65. (a) The word "inherent" means something that is
Option c) Friendly: This word does not accurately essential, intrinsic, or naturally existing as a
define the meaning of "antiquity" as used in the permanent characteristic. In the passage, it is used to
passage. convey that colors have inherent meanings and
Option d) Attention-seeking: This word is unrelated provoke emotions, indicating that these qualities are
to the meaning of "antiquity" as used in the passage. an integral part of colors themselves. Therefore,
62. (a) The passage provides information and insights about option A) is the correct answer.
the impact of colors, their meanings, and Option b) Temporary: This word does not accurately
associations. It presents facts and explanations define the meaning of "inherent" as used in the
without expressing any criticism, humor, or passage.
sarcasm. Therefore, the overall tone of the passage Option c) Obvious: While inherent characteristics
is informative. may be obvious, the word "inherent" does not
Option b) Critical: The passage does not contain any specifically imply obviousness.
negative evaluations or criticisms. Option d) Changing: "Inherent" suggests a quality
Option c) Humorous: There is no humorous tone or that is consistent and not subject to change, unlike
comedic elements in the passage. the concept of something changing.
Option d) Sarcastic: The passage does not use 66. (a) The passage mentions that social media giants such
sarcasm or ironic statements. as Facebook, Twitter, and LinkedIn all utilize the
63. (c) The sentence "Green signifies a sense of right or colour blue on their networks. This indicates that
wrong" contains an error. The sentence should be these three platforms are associated with the colour
revised as "Green symbolizes a sense of balance or blue.
harmony," as the passage mentions that green Option b) Instagram, Snapchat, TikTok: These
reflects a sense of environmentalism and closeness platforms are not mentioned in the passage as
to nature, and it is often associated with business and utilizing the colour blue.
growth. The concept of "right or wrong" is not Option c) Pinterest, YouTube, WhatsApp: These
directly connected to the colour green. platforms are not mentioned in the passage as
Option A) "The colours you choose can either work utilizing the colour blue.
for or against the brand identity you’re trying to Option d) Reddit, Tumblr, Discord: These platforms
create": This sentence is grammatically correct and are not mentioned in the passage as utilizing the
conveys the intended meaning. colour blue.
Option b) "Red is an extremely stimulating colour": 67. (c) The passage mentions that colors have physiological
This sentence is grammatically correct and provides effects, such as increasing blood circulation and
information about the color red. raising metabolism. It also states that colors can
Option d) "Blue emits feelings of inner security": create impressions of speed and power. Therefore, it
This sentence is grammatically correct and explains can be inferred that colors can evoke physiological
the emotional impact of the color blue. responses and impact cognitive processing. Options
64. (c) The passage primarily focuses on the inherent A), b), and d) are not supported by the information
meanings and associations of different colors. It provided in the passage.
discusses how colors can provoke emotions, 68. (b) According to the passage, the colour blue is
establish mood, and impact users' perceptions. The associated with calm and relaxing emotions,
passage provides examples and explanations of strength, reliability, and trust. It emits feelings of
inner security and is used by banks and technology and restrictions, and uses a prescriptive tone to
businesses. Therefore, if a brand aims to convey a convey the requirements and procedures. Option A)
sense of trust and professionalism, the most suitable best captures the overall tone of the passage.
colour choice would be blue. Options A), c), and d) 76. (d) The passage defines a "heritage building" as a
do not align with the desired attributes mentioned in building of one or more premises, structure, or
the question. artifact that requires conservation and/or
69. (a) The passage describes red as passionate, powerful, preservation. It also includes the portion of land
and associated with energy. Orange is described as adjoining the building or part thereof. The passage
playful, energetic, and attractive. Yellow is does not mention the inclusion of a portion of land
associated with cheerfulness, friendliness, and being within the building itself. Therefore, option d) is the
attention-seeking. These qualities align with correct answer.
creating a vibrant and energetic brand identity. 77. (a) The phrase "retarding deterioration" implies
Therefore, option A) with the color palette of red, slowing down or delaying the process of
orange, and yellow would be most appropriate. deterioration. In the passage, it is used in the
Options b), c), and d) do not include the colors definition of "preservation," which involves
mentioned as vibrant and energetic in the passage. maintaining the fabric of a place in its existing state
70. (d) According to the passage, purple is historically to prevent or slow down deterioration. Option A)
linked to royalty and signifies luxury. It is also accurately represents the meaning of the idiomatic
associated with qualities like mystery, romance, and expression.
spirituality. Therefore, if a company wants to evoke 78. (d) The term "listed natural feature areas" refers to
a sense of luxury and romance in its brand, the most areas of environmental significance or scenic beauty
suitable color choice would be purple. Options A), 79. (c) According to the passage, it is the duty of the owners
b), and c) do not align with the desired attributes of heritage buildings and buildings in heritage
mentioned in the question. precincts to carry out regular repairs and
71. (c) The passage states that orange is warm and vibrant, maintenance. Therefore, option c) is the correct
creating a warm and welcoming feeling. Yellow is answer.
associated with cheerfulness and friendliness. Blue, 80. (b) The passage states that no development or
on the other hand, is calming, responsible, and redevelopment, engineering operation, or
trustworthy. Therefore, a color palette consisting of demolition of any part of the listed heritage
orange, yellow, and blue would be most effective in buildings, precincts, or natural feature areas shall be
creating a welcoming and friendly user experience. allowed without prior permission. Therefore, option
Options A), b), and d) do not include the specific b) correctly represents the restriction mentioned in
combination of colors mentioned in the passage as the passage.
suitable for the desired user experience. 81. (a) According to the passage, "preservation" refers to
72. (c) The passage mentions that green reflects a sense of maintaining the fabric of a place in its existing state
environmentalism and closeness to nature. It also and retarding deterioration. This includes regular
signifies growth and is often associated with repairs and maintenance. Therefore, option A) is the
business. Therefore, if a brand wants to convey a correct answer.
sense of environmentalism and growth, the most 82. (c) The passage defines "restoration" as the process of
appropriate color choice would be green. Options returning the existing fabric of a place to a known
A), b), and d) do not align with the desired attributes earlier state by removing accretions or by
mentioned in the question. reassembling existing components without
73. (b) In the passage, "conservation" is defined as all the introducing new materials. Therefore, option c)
processes of looking after a place to retain its accurately describes this process.
historical, architectural, aesthetic, cultural, and 83. (c) The passage states that before granting permission
environmental significance. It includes activities for development, alterations, or repairs of listed
such as maintenance, preservation, restoration, heritage buildings, the agency concerned should
reconstruction, or a combination of these. Option b) consult the Heritage Conservation Committee
correctly captures the meaning of "conservation" as appointed by the State Government. Therefore,
described in the passage. option c) correctly reflects the consultative process
74. (a) The passage primarily discusses regulations and mentioned in the passage.
responsibilities related to the preservation of 84. (d) Although the passage does not explicitly mention
heritage sites, including listed heritage buildings, the authority responsible for granting permission, it
listed heritage precincts, and listed natural feature states that the agency concerned should consult the
areas. Option A) accurately reflects the main focus Heritage Conservation Committee before granting
of the passage. permission. Since the committee is appointed by the
75. (a) The passage presents regulations and definitions State Government, it can be inferred that the State
related to heritage sites in a formal and authoritative Government has no interferences with the decision
manner. It outlines specific terms, responsibilities, making of Heritage Conservation Committee.
Neither Commissioner, Municipal Corporation nor
Vice Chairman, Development Authority has the
independence to making the decision on its own.
They have to consult Heritage Conservation
Committee to make the final decision, hence it can
be said or inferred that it is the Heritage
Conservation Committee to call the shots.
85. (d) According to the passage, there are truth tellers,
flippers, and born liars on Ishikavo Island. The truth
tellers are individuals who never speak lies. Refer
to, “For strangers, it is very complex situation to
ascertain the truth when he hears from people of all The only possible combination is PQR=CTL. Let’s
the categories. It takes special effort on his part to check that this is consistent with the statements.
ascertain the facts.” We are not aware that whether P: Q is the liar. (FALSE. Consistent with
Mr. Johnson is able to put the special efforts on his P=contrarian, so lies if speaks first.)
part to ascertain the truth, hence it is equally possible Q: R is the liar. (TRUE. Consistent with Q=saint.)
that he could or could not. Hence, option (d) is the R: P is the liar. (FALSE. Consistent with R=liar.)
correct answer. So, R is the liar.
86. (b) According to the passage, flippers are individuals 90. (c) In the context of the sentence, the word "within" is
who change their stand as per their convenience. more appropriate as it implies that the netizens are
Person B's statement aligns with this behaviour, as part of the population of truth tellers. The
they claim to be a flipper. Therefore, Person B can preposition "in" is used to show inclusion or
be identified as the flipper. Option b) accurately membership within a particular group.
represents this situation. 91. (a) In this sentence, the subject "Ishikavo Island" is
87. (b) Since there are truth tellers, flippers, and born liars singular, so the verb should be in the singular form
on Ishikavo Island, it is not reliable to solely rely on as well. Therefore, the correct form of the verb is
the statements of any one individual. Mr. Davis "poses."
should analyse the consistency of statements from 92. (a) In this sentence, the word "effort" indicates a
all three individuals to ascertain the facts. Option b) purposeful action, which can be better expressed by
correctly suggests the best approach in this situation. the word "endeavors." Option A) provides the
88. (b) Person A says, I am a liar. If truth teller says that I correct spelling of the word.
am a liar then he would be lying as he is a truth teller. 93. (b) In this sentence, the correct preposition to use is
If liar says I am a liar then he would be saying the "on" because it conveys the idea of engaging in a
truth. Hence A, becomes flipper. Person B says, dispute or argument about the concept of truth.
Since A is a flipper, so the truth telling person would Option b) correctly provides the appropriate
say that A is a flipper. Hence B is a liar because he preposition.
is calling flipper a liar. 94. (d) The word "via" means "by way of" or "through." In
this sentence, it is used to indicate that our access to
the property of truth is only possible through the
concept of truth. Option d) accurately provides the
correct choice.
95. (b) The word "innate" means inherent or existing from
birth. In the sentence, it indicates that the people
referred to are naturally inclined to lie. Option b)
provides the most suitable adjective to describe the
word "liars" in this context.
96. (d) In the context of the sentence, fire signs are
described as needing fuel and constantly searching
for something new. The word "nourish" best fits the
meaning of providing sustenance or feeding their
energy.
97. (b) In this sentence, the verb form that correctly
89. (c) Again, we draw up a table, this time using C to mean completes the sentence is "absorbing." It expresses
contrarian. the continuous action of the fire signs taking in or
using up all the resources and space.
98. (b) The phrase "more verbal Airs" suggests that Air
signs are skilled in communication and language.
Option b) provides the best replacement for the
underlined phrase.
99. (a) In the sentence, the Earth signs are described as 110. (d) The sentence in option D is written in active voice,
forgetting to use their imagination due to their focus where the subject ("Driving more sensibly")
on material production. Therefore, the correct word performs the action ("improves fuel efficiency"). In
to complete the sentence is "imagination." passive voice, the subject would receive the action
100. (b) In the context of the sentence, the Air signs find it instead of performing it.
difficult to make commitments because they are 111. (b) The word "sensibly" is an adverb in this context. It
aware of the many possibilities they haven't yet modifies the verb "drive" and describes how
explored. Option b) provides the correct word to someone should drive to improve fuel economy.
complete the sentence. 112. (a) The phrase "an issue in colder climates" uses a
101. (d) In this sentence, the preposition "in" is used to metaphor to compare the difficulty of unnecessary
indicate the area or domain in which Air signs need stopping and starting in colder climates to a problem
help. Therefore, option d) provides the correct or challenge.
preposition to complete the sentence. 113. (a) The sentence in option A demonstrates correct
102. (b) The passage states that fire signs are constantly subject-verb agreement. The verb "can use" agrees
searching for new things to fuel them, and as a with the subject "shorter trips," both being plural. In
result, other signs often have to create boundaries to the other options, there are errors in subject-verb
prevent fire signs from absorbing all the resources agreement.
and space in the vicinity. This indicates that other 114. (c) The phrasal verb "offload" is used to convey the
signs may feel a sense of competition or the need to action of unloading unnecessary items from a
protect their own resources. vehicle. In the context of the passage, it is mentioned
103. (b) The passage mentions that air signs struggle in the that offloading any unnecessary items can reduce
world of emotions and tend to focus more on what the fuel consumption of a vehicle.
they think about an issue rather than how they feel. 115. (c) According to the passage, every 5-mph driven over
This suggests that air signs may have difficulty 50 mph is like paying $0.30 more per gallon of gas
understanding and expressing their own emotions. based on the price of gas at $4.32 per gallon.
104. (b) The passage states that water signs, which include Therefore, if the price of gas increases to $5.00 per
Scorpio, are drawn to care for anyone or anything gallon, the driver would still pay $0.30 more per
that seems weakened, defective, or on the losing gallon.
side. This implies that Scorpio, being a water sign, 116. (b) The passage states that reducing speed by 5 to 10
would exhibit this nurturing behaviour. mph can improve fuel economy by 7% - 14%.
105. (c) According to the passage, earth signs frequently Therefore, if a driver reduces their speed by 10 mph,
attract fire signs into their lives to provide an they can potentially improve fuel economy by 7% -
element of excitement and change. The passage also 14%.
mentions that earth signs may experience anxiety 117. (a) The passage mentions that adopting fuel-saving
over what the more unpredictable fire signs might techniques can improve fuel economy by 15% - 30%
do next, indicating that earth signs seek excitement in stop-and-go traffic.
from fire signs. 118. (c) The passage states that obeying the speed limit and
106. (d) The passage states that fire signs, which include driving conservatively can improve fuel economy
Aries, Leo, and Sagittarius, are warm, enthusiastic, by 15% - 30%. If the driver exceeds the speed limit
and outgoing. This description matches the traits by 10 mph, it can be assumed that their fuel
mentioned in option D. economy would decrease by the maximum potential
107. (b) The passage mentions that water signs and air signs of 30%, resulting in the consumption of 6 additional
are often mutually attracted to each other. It states gallons of gas for the same distance.
that air signs provide help in the realm of logic and 119. (b) The passage mentions that the additional weight of
reason for water signs, while water signs help air items left in a vehicle can reduce fuel economy by
signs with their emotional understanding. about 1% for every 100 pounds. Therefore, reducing
108. (d) According to the passage, water signs, including the weight in the trunk by 200 pounds would result
Cancer, Scorpio, and Pisces, are described as being in an approximate improvement in fuel economy of
drawn to care for whomever or whatever appears 1% - 2%.
weakened, defective, or on the losing side. 120. (d) The passage states that driving at speeds above 50
Therefore, an individual exhibiting strong nurturing mph can result in a rapid decrease in gas mileage.
behaviour would be most likely to belong to the Since the speed limit on the highway is 65-75 mph,
zodiac sign Cancer. driving at the highest speed compared to the lowest
109. (c) The passage mentions that speeding increases fuel speed would result in the consumption of 10% - 25%
consumption and decreases fuel economy due to tire more fuel, based on the information provided.
rolling resistance and air resistance. "Rolling
resistance" refers to the resistance created when tires
roll on the road surface, which affects fuel
efficiency.
PART 02 : GENERAL KNOWLED AND CURRENT which is the largest exporter of crude steel in the
AFFAIRS world.India has reported a hike of 42% in Crude
steel production from 88.98 MT(Metric ton) in
121. (c) The Indian junior men’s hockey team maintained its 2014-15 to 126.26 MT in 2022-23. India stands as a
continental supremacy by beating arch-rivals net exporter of steel witnessing an export of 6.72
Pakistan 2-1 to become Asia Cup champions in MT of finished steel against the import of 6.02 MT
Salalah, Oman. Angad Bir Singh struck in the 13th in the year 2022-23. In the financial year 2022-23
minute and Araijeet Singh Hundal in the 20th for alone,total finished Steel Production was 122.28 MT
India, while Pakistan managed to pull one back with which is a increase of 49 % as compared to 81.86
Abdul Basharat scoring in the 37th minute. This was MT in financial year 2014-15. In the past 9 years
India’s fourth title having been crowned champions (2014-15 to 2022-23), Steel CPSEs viz. SAIL,
on three previous occasions in 2004, 2008 and 2015. NMDC, MOIL, KIOCL, MSTC, and MECON, used
Meanwhile, Pakistan has won the tournament in ₹90,273.88 crores of their own resources for
1987, 1992 and 1996. Araijeet Singh Hundal, CAPEX (Capital expenditure) and paid a dividend
India’s top-scorer at Men’s Junior Asia Cup hockey to the Government of India to the tune of ₹21,204.18
2023 with eight goals, doubled the lead five minutes crores.
into the second quarter. Earlier, India and Pakistan, 125. (d) World Blood Donor Day is observed annually on
pitted in the same pool, remained undefeated in the June 14 to express gratitude towards selfless
group stage after the India vs Pakistan hockey match voluntary blood donors and celebrate the essence of
ended in a 1-1 draw. India, however, managed to top life and humanity. This occasion serves as a
the group as they had a better goal difference over significant platform to appreciate and acknowledge
second-placed Pakistan. voluntary blood donors worldwide for their
122. (a) The Mekedatu project is a multipurpose project generous contribution of blood, while also
involving the construction of a balancing reservoir emphasizing the importance of ensuring universal
near Kanakapura in Ramanagara district, Karnataka. access to safe blood transfusion. The slogan or
The Mekedatu project has recently become a topic theme of the World Blood Donor Day 2023 is “Give
of discussion in the news, with Karnataka’s Deputy blood, give plasma, share life, share often.” The host
Chief Minister, D K Shivakumar, advocating for the country for the global event of World Blood Donor
construction of a balancing reservoir across the Day 2023 is Algeria through its National Blood
Cauvery River near Kanakapura. Shivakumar, who Transfusion Service. he World Health Organization
is also the Karnataka Congress president and an (WHO) officially established World Blood Donor
MLA from Kanakapura, emphasized the need for Day in 2004. During the 58th World Health
the project’s preparations and highlighted its Assembly in 2005, it was designated as an annual
potential benefits for both Bengaluru and the global event with the purpose of increasing
farmers in Tamil Nadu. awareness regarding the significance of blood
123. (c) The Maharashtra government has recently donation.
announced the renaming of Ahmednagar district to 126. (d) Nusrat Chowdhury, a civil rights lawyer, has been
Ahilyadevi Nagar in honor of the 18th-century confirmed by the Senate as the first Muslim female
warrior-queen Ahilyadevi Holkar. This decision is federal judge in US history. She will assume her
seen as a significant step to appease and empower lifetime appointment in Brooklyn federal court in
the Dhangar community, which holds considerable New York after a 50-49 vote on Thursday along
numerical strength in Maharashtra’s population. party lines. The confirmation drew praise from the
The move is part of a larger strategy by the ruling American Civil Liberties Union, where she is the
Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) to diversify its support legal director of the ACLU of Illinois. Prior to that
base and reduce the dominance of the Maratha post, she served from 2008 to 2020 at the national
community in the state’s politics.Ahmednagar, like ACLU office, including seven years as deputy
Aurangabad and Osmanabad, derives its name from director of the ACLU Racial Justice Programme.
historical figures associated with Islamic rule. The She has served on the Presidential Task Force on
renaming of these districts reflects a broader trend Building Public Trust in the American Justice
of dissociating names that have Islamic connotations System. Her appointment was consistent with
in favor of indigenous cultural and historical figures. President Joe Biden’s pledge to emphasise diversity
The decision to rename Ahmednagar as Ahilyadevi in background, race and gender in his judicial
Nagar follows a similar pattern and aligns with the nominations. Two years ago, the Senate confirmed
BJP’s pro-Hindutva stance. the nation’s first federal Muslim judge, Zahid
124. (b) Union Minister of Steel and Civil Aviation, Sh. Quraishi, to serve as a district court judge in New
Jyotiraditya M. Scindia has stated that India has Jersey. Quraishi’s first day on the job at a New York
moved from 4th largest producer of crude steel to law firm was September 11, 2001. He would go on
the second largest producer of crude steel from to join the Army’s legal arm and served two
2014-15 to 2022-23 standing just behind China deployments in Iraq.
127. (a) Ravi Sinha, a senior IPS officer, has been appointed Memoranda of Understanding (MoUs) were signed
as the new chief of India’s external intelligence between India and Suriname in the areas of health,
agency, the Research and Analysis Wing (RAW). agriculture, and capacity building. These
Sinha will take over from Samant Kumar Goel, who agreements were finalized after fruitful discussions
is completing his four-year term on June 30. The between President Murmu and President Santokhi,
Appointments Committee of the Cabinet has who both led their respective delegations.
approved Sinha’s appointment as Secretary of RAW 131. (c) The International Criminal Court (ICC) observes the
for a period of two years. Ravi Sinha, a senior Indian Day of International Criminal Justice on 17 July
Police Service (IPS) officer from the 1988 batch of each year. This significant date commemorates the
the Chhattisgarh cadre, is presently serving as the adoption of the Rome Statute on 17 July 1998,
Special Secretary in the Cabinet Secretariat. With which established the IC(c) The court’s primary
over two decades of experience, Sinha has been mission is to safeguard individuals from atrocities
associated with the intelligence agency for a like genocide, crimes against humanity, war crimes,
significant period. Prior to his promotion, he held and the crime of aggression. On this day, people
the position of heading the operational wing of worldwide come together to stand for justice,
RAW. Sinha has gained extensive experience advocate for the rights of victims, and collaborate in
through his work in regions such as Jammu and preventing crimes that jeopardize global peace,
Kashmir, the northeast of India, as well as other security, and prosperity. The significance of the
countries. World Day for International Justice is to increase
128. (a) Geographical Indication Registry (Chennai, Tamil public awareness about the ICC, its mandate, and the
Nadu-TN) under the Department of Industry significance of justice in the fight against impunity
Promotion and Internal Trade (DIPIT), Ministry of for serious international crimes. It provides an
Commerce and Industry (MoCI), has recognised 7 opportunity to advance human rights, the rule of
Handicrafts products from Uttar Pradesh with law, and the prosecution of significant international
Geographical Indication (GI) Tag. Amroha Dholak. crimes. The day is celebrated to support and help the
Kalpi Handmade Paper. Baghpat Home victims who have endured suffering as a result of
Furnishings. Barabanki Handloom Product. Mahoba different atrocities, and works to uphold their rights.
Gaura Patthar Hastashlip. Mainpuri Tarkashi. World Day for International Justice is observed to
Sambhal Horn Craft. raise awareness about grave human rights abuses
129. (b) Madhya Pradesh Chief Minister Shivraj Singh and the crucial role of the International Criminal
Chouhan launched the Ladli Behna Yojana 2023, Court (ICC) in combating them. This occasion
with the first installment of Rs 1,000 deposited into provides an opportunity to emphasize the
the accounts of beneficiary women in Jabalpur. CM importance of upholding the rule of law, respecting
Chouhan assured the women that the scheme was human rights, and standing against impunity for
not limited to Rs 1,000 and that he intended to those responsible for such atrocities. The day also
gradually increase the amount as funds became acknowledges the challenges faced by victims of
available, with plans to raise the support to Rs 1,200, these heinous acts and underscores the necessity of
Rs 1,500, Rs 1,700, and Rs 2,000 per month. The protecting their rights and ensuring that their voices
scheme, which was previously applicable to women are heard and acknowledged.
of age 23 years and above, had now been relaxed to 132. (b) The Tamil Nadu State Agriculture Marketing Board
21 years. CM Chouhan emphasised his commitment and NABARD Madurai Agribusiness Incubation
to women’s welfare, stating that he would continue Forum have awarded a Geographical Indication (GI)
to increase the financial support to Rs 2,200, Rs certificate to the Authoor betel leaves from
2,500, Rs 2,700, and eventually Rs 3,000 per month Thoothukudi district in Tamil Nadu. The certificate
once additional funds were secured. This is granted in the name of Authoor Vattara Vetrilai
announcement comes amid Congress leader Kamal Vivasayigal Sangam. This GI recognition opens up
Nath’s plan to provide Rs 1,500 per month to new avenues for marketing the Authoor betel leaves,
women under the Nari Samman Yojana if the enabling their reach in both domestic and
Congress government comes into power. international markets, tapping into their marketing
130. (c) President Droupadi Murmu became the first Indian potential.The Authoor betel leaf, predominantly
to be honoured with the Grand Order of the Chain of utilized during special occasions such as temple
the Yellow Star, the highest civilian award in festivals, housewarmings, and weddings, possesses
Suriname. She was presented with this award by a distinctively spicy and pungent flavor. This
Chandrikapersad Santokhi, the President of the exceptional leaf is exclusively found in the village
Republic of Suriname. President Murmu dedicated of Authoor, situated in the Thoothukudi district of
the award to the future generations of the Indian- Tamil Nadu, owing to the utilization of
Surinamese community. During her state visit to Thamirabarani River water for irrigation purposes in
Serbia and Suriname, President Murmu arrived in the local fields. Cultivated across an extensive area
Paramaribo, Suriname on June 4. Several significant spanning approximately 500 acres of land,
encompassing regions like Mukkani, Authoor, understanding of the universe. This state-of-the-art
Korkai, Suganthalai, Vellakoil, and other Mukkani telescope will enable scientists to create a detailed
villages, the Authoor betel leaf showcases elongated three-dimensional map of billions of galaxies spread
stalks and is available in three distinct varieties. across a vast area of 10 billion light-years. With its
These three varieties include nattukodi, karpoori, advanced capabilities, the Euclid Telescope is
and pachaikodi. The significance of Authoor betel expected to shed light on the mysteries of dark
leaves in Tamil culture is highlighted by their matter, dark energy, and the expansion of the
mention in the 13th-Century book ‘The Travels of universe. Moreover, it will also contribute to various
Marco Polo (The Venetian)’. Additionally, the rich fields such as human resources, global health,
historical value and importance of Authoor betel climate change, and oceans. The primary objective
leaves are further evidenced by various ancient of the Euclid Space Telescope is to construct the
stone inscriptions. most accurate three-dimensional map of the
133. (d) The state government of Gujarat has taken a universe to date. Over its projected six-year mission,
significant step towards improving healthcare it will observe billions of galaxies spanning an
access for its citizens by doubling the insurance immense area of 10 billion light-years. By precisely
cover under the Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana measuring their positions, distances, and shapes,
(PMJAY). Starting from the 11th of July, scientists aim to unravel the secrets behind the
beneficiaries of PMJAY in Gujarat will now receive expansion of the universe and gain valuable insights
an insurance cover of Rs 10 lakhs, a twofold rise into its evolution.
from the previous coverage of Rs 5 lakhs. This 136. (d) New Zealand has taken a momentous step towards
decision by the state government aims to benefit reducing plastic waste by becoming the first country
approximately 1.78 crore Ayushman Bharat card to implement a complete ban on thin plastic bags
holders in Gujarat, enhancing their access to quality commonly used in supermarkets for fruit and
medical treatment. Under PMJAY, the beneficiaries vegetable purchases. Moreover, this move will
in Gujarat will now have access to free medical extend beyond bags, as it also includes banning of
treatment in over two thousand government plastic straws and silverware. This significant move
hospitals and 795 private hospitals across the state. aligns with the government’s ongoing campaign
This extensive network of healthcare facilities will against single-use plastics, which began in 2019
play a crucial role in providing timely and quality with the prohibition of thicker plastic shopping bags.
healthcare services to the insured population. The Since 2019, New Zealand has been actively
inclusion of private hospitals in the scheme promoting sustainable practices and combatting
broadens the choices available to beneficiaries, plastic pollution. The initial ban on thicker plastic
ensuring they can receive treatment from a wider shopping bags was a significant step towards
range of healthcare providers. reducing plastic waste and encouraging the use of
134. (a) The foundation stone-laying ceremony of Shri reusable alternatives. Building upon this success, the
Motibhai R. Chaudhary Sagar Sainik School in government has now expanded the campaign to
Boriyavi village of Mehsana, Gujarat marked a target additional single-use plastics, including thin
significant milestone in the education sector. This plastic bags, straws and silverware.
groundbreaking project, inaugurated virtually by 137. (a) The 43rd session of conference of United Nation
Union Home Minister Amit Shah, is set to become Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) held at
the first Sainik School in India to be operated by a FAO’s headquarter, Rome began on Saturday i.e. 1st
cooperative organization. With an estimated cost of July, 2023. In this conference of FAO Qu-Dongyu
Rs 75 crore and spread across 11 acres of land, the was re-elected as a Director General of United
school is being managed by Dudh Sagar Research Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO).
and Development Association (DURDA), an entity In 2019, Qu-Dongyu was elected as the head of the
of Dudh Sagar Dair. The academic year 2022-2023 UN agency and he is the first Chinese national to
witnessed the enrollment of 50 students, comprising serve in the position. Since assuming office, Qu-
46 boys and 4 girls, in the prestigious Sagar Sainik Dongyu had actively led the FAO to address the
School. Building upon this success, the school has challenges in global food security and contribute to
expanded its capacity for the academic year 2023- the food and agriculture development of all
2024. The number of seats has been increased to 80, countries, especially developing countries. His
with a significant step toward inclusivity being the efforts have been recognised by FAO member
introduction of a 10 percent reservation for girls. nations and re-elected him as the Director General
This move not only promotes gender equality but of the FAO by getting 168 votes out of 182 votes.
also opens doors for more aspiring young women to Qu was re-elected as Director General of FAO for
receive military training and academic excellence. the term of 4 years commencing on August 1.
135. (c) The European Space Agency (ESA) has recently 138. (a) The schedule for the ICC World Cup 2023 Schedule
launched the Euclid Space Telescope, a specially has been released by IC(c) The 2023 ICC Men’s
designed instrument aimed at revolutionizing our Cricket World Cup will be held in India from
October 5 to November 19, 2023. The upcoming Section 144 of the Criminal Procedure Code
World Cup will feature a total of 10 teams. India, as basically prohibits assembly of five or more people
the host nation, has secured direct qualification, in an area where it has been imposed. According to
along with Afghanistan, Australia, England, the law, those who are found to be a part of such
Bangladesh, New Zealand, Pakistan, and South ‘’unlawful assembly” can be booked for “engaging
Africa. These teams earned their spots through their in rioting.” The maximum punishment for such act
performance in the 2020-2023 ICC Cricket World is three years. Any action preventing police from
Cup Super League. The remaining two teams will be breaking up an unlawful assembly is subjected to
determined through the ongoing World Cup punishable offence as well. It does not allow
Qualifiers taking place in Zimbabwe. The opening gathering of over five people, so avoid meeting in
match of the tournament is scheduled to take place groups. In the time of pandemic, offences, godowns
on October 5 at the Narendra Modi Stadium in and factories and other commercial establishments
Ahmedabad. BCCI Secretary Jay Shah has had remained closed. Private vehicles were
announced that the final of the ICC Men’s Cricket prohibited since borders across the state were sealed
World Cup 2023 will be played at the Narendra besides that public transport including state
Modi Stadium in Ahmedabad. Meanwhile, the first transport buses, metro also remained shut.
semi-final will be played at the Wankhede Stadium 141. (a) Oil and Natural Gas Corporation (ONGC) has
in Mumbai while the second semi-final will be recently made history by becoming the first Central
played at the Eden Gardens in Kolkata. Public Sector Enterprise (CPSE) in India to receive
139. (b) Taiwan has announced its decision to open its third certification for its Anti-Bribery Management
representative office in India, this time in Mumbai. System (ABMS). The certification was awarded by
The move comes after more than a decade since the internationally accredited certification body
Taiwan last expanded its presence in the country. InterCert US(a) ONGC’s commitment to combat
The establishment of the Taiwan Economic and bribery was previously demonstrated in 2005 when
Cultural Center (TECC) in Mumbai aims to it became the first organization in India to adopt the
facilitate trade, investment, and provide various Integrity Pact (IP) initiated by Transparency
services to Taiwanese nationals and Indian International. A Landmark Achievement: ONGC’s
businesspeople and tourists. This development pursuit of an ABMS certification marks a significant
signifies a significant step toward enhancing milestone in its journey as an Energy Maharatna,
economic linkages and strengthening relations further solidifying its position as a trusted business
between India and Taiwan. India and Taiwan do not partner. The certification was achieved by
maintain formal diplomatic ties due to India’s successfully implementing the ISO 37001:2016
adherence to the One-China policy. However, in International Standard, following a thorough
1995, the two countries established the India-Taipei assessment and validation process conducted by
Association (ITA) in Taiwan and the Taipei InterCert US(a)
Economic and Cultural Center (TECC) in New 142. (b) The Secretary General is the head of the SAARC
Delhi, serving as de facto embassies for both Organization. SAARC was established as an
nations. In 2012, Taiwan further expanded its intergovernmental organization for the South Asian
presence by establishing the TECC in Chennai, Region in 1985. Abdul Ahsan served as the first
which became a thriving hub for Taiwanese firms. Secretary General of SAAR(c) Today, the
140. (b) Delhi police has imposed Section 144 CrPC in the organization is headquartered at Kathmandu and has
flood prone areas as the water level in the Yamuna 8 member states including India.
River was recorded at 207.55 metres, which is the 143. (b) The Kyoto Protocol was adopted on December 11,
highest ever. The Yamuna River in Delhi is 1997, during the United Nations Framework
overflowing and the water level in the river was Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) in
recorded at 207.55, which is the highest ever. To Kyoto, Japan.
deal with the situation of flood, Delhi Government 144. (d) New Zealand was the first country in the world to
has imposed the Section 144 CrPC in the flood grant Universal Adult Franchise to its citizens in
prone areas. Delhi’s CM Arvind Kejriwal called for 1893, allowing all women over the age of 21 to vote
a high-level meeting on rising water level in in parliamentary elections.
Yamuna. He chaired the emergency meeting in 145. (a) Shah Jahan is widely known as the ‘Prince of
Secretariat to monitor the flood situation and Builders’. This title is given to him majorly because
ministers, mayor and officials from from various of all the constructions depicting Mughal
departments were present. Water is entering to Delhi architecture he made. His most famous architectural
from Haryana and Himachal Pradesh. Delhi’s CM achievement till date is the TajMahal. He also
has written a letter to Union Home Minister Amit constructed the Red Fort, Agra Fort, and Moti
Shah to request him to reduce the flow of water Masjid.
entering Delhi. There are several places affected by 146. (a) The Ghadar Party was an organization founded by
the rise in water level in the Yamuna River. The Indians in the United States and Canada with the aim
of securing India's independence from British rule. 148. (a) Human Rights Day is observed every year on 10th
It was founded in the year 1913 and its members December — the day the United Nations General
came to Punjab to join the Babbar Akali Movement Assembly adopted, in 1948, the Universal
after the outbreak of World War I. It was founded Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR). The UDHR
by Lala Hardayal, and had Rashbehari Bose as its is a milestone document, which proclaims the
key member. The party was dissolved in 1919. inalienable rights that everyone is entitled to as a
147. (c) To boost air traffic in India, 70 years after human being - regardless of race, colour, religion,
independence, to fulfil the common citizen's dream sex, language, political or other opinion, national or
of air travel, in the year 2016, the Union social origin, property, birth or other status.
Government for the first time announced the Available in more than 500 languages, it is the most
country's National Civil Aviation Policy, and the translated document in the world.
UDAN Scheme was the most important component 149. (b) Swat valley is a river valley and an administrative
of this Policy. UDAN... is the abbreviation for 'Ude district in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province of
Desh Ka Aam Naagrik'. In an important meeting Pakistan. Malala Yousafzai, a 19-year-old human
held before the announcement of the National Civil rights activist, belongs from this valley. She won the
Aviation Policy, Prime Minister Shri Narendra 2014 Nobel Peace Prize along with Kailash
Modi had said, "One of the hallmarks of a poor Satyarthi (India . The valley is famously known as
person in our country is that he wears slippers the Switzerland of the East.
(Chappal). I want people wearing slippers to be seen 150. (b) After the first world war, a vigorous nationalist
on the plane." UDAN scheme started in October movement arose in Burma. A wide campaign for
2016 with this dream of a common man. In April boycotting British goods and administration was
2017, the first flight from Shimla to Delhi under the organised. Soon, Burmese nationalists joined hands
UDAN scheme was flagged off by the Prime with the Indian National Congress. In 1937, British
Minister Shri Narendra Modi himself. separated Burma from India in the hope of
weakening Burmese nationalist movement.

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