Christophe Charle

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3;:60"rr0"67/6;0

doi : 10.3406/arss.1984.2238

http://www.persee.fr/web/revues/home/prescript/article/arss_0335-5322_1984_num_55_1_2238
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wp" uqekqnqiwg" fgu"qticpkucvkqpu0"Lg"xqwncku" ugwngogpv."
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427+0"
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qp" rgwv" vktgt" fg" uqp"cpcn{ug"swgnswgu"vgpfcpegu"fÈoqitcrjk
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cwvqtkug" nc"rtqoqvkqp" kpfkxkfwgnng."c" uc"eqpvtgrctvkg0"Nc"nkipÈg"
tkuswg" dgcweqwr" rnwu" uqwxgpv" fg" u)Èvgkpftg" gp" ecu"f)ceekfgpv"
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rqwxckv" eqorvgt" vtcpuogvvtg" uqp" ocikuvgt"wpkxgtukvcktg"½" uqp"
hwu" fqpv" nc" tÈwuukvg" ueqncktg" Èvckv"gpeqtg" rnwu"dtknncpvg"swg"nc"
ukgppg0"Egu"gurqktu"qpv"ÈvÈ"tÈfwkvu"½"pÈcpv"櫁cw"rqkpv"swg"ngu"dkq
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itÀeg"½"uqp"pgxgw"Octegn"Ocwuu"swk"c"rtku"nc"rnceg"櫁hcoknkcng"gv"
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n/Eh0"O0" Itggpdgti."ctv0"ekv0."r0"8520"
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ect" ngu" uqwtegu" pg" rgtogvvgpv" rcu" gp" iÈpÈtcn" fg" eqppcÍvtg"ngu" gphcpvu"
fÈeÈfÈu"lgwpgu0"
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uqp"rtqrtg"vÈoqkipcig"*«PÈetqnqikg "ekvÈg"f)Ctocpf"Fwtmjgko+"c"cuuwtÈ"
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N)cuegpukqp"
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eqpuvtwevkqp"f)wpg"tchhkpgtkg"fg"uwetg"
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Èrqswg 0"
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uqwvgpkt+0"
," Gzvtckvu"fg"uqp" fquukgt"fg"ecpfkfcvwtg"½"
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nc" vtclgevqktg" uqekcng" fg" Fwtmjgko" *:+0"
Ugnqp" eg" uejÈoc." Fwtmjgko" ugtckv"wpg"
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etcvkswg" fg"nc"VtqkukÇog"TÈrwdnkswg0"Kuuw"
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Ènkvgu"kpvgnngevwgnngu"gv" ½" ug" rqugt"oÉog"
gp" kfÈqnqiwg" qhhkekgn" rquukdng"nqtuswg"nc"
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hcoknng" fg" Fwtmjgko"guv"uvcvkuvkswgogpv"
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swg" ngu" tÈwuukvgu" kpvgnngevwgnngu" fgu"
wpkxgtukvcktgu" lwkhu" fg" nc" VtqkukÇog"
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hckv" rctvkg" fg" egu" «pqwxgnngu" eqwejgu "
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nc" itcpfg" dqwtigqkukg" f)chhcktgu" *;+0"
9"/N)crrqtv"oq{gp"cw"octkcig"fgu"rtqhguugwtu"
½" nc" HcewnvÈ" fgu" ngvvtgu" gp" rquvg" gp" 3;23"
u)ÈnÇxg"½" 39"622"htcpeu." egnwk"fg"ngwtu"hgoogu"
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ug"ukvwg" fqpe"pgvvgogpv" cw" fguuwu" fw"octkcig"
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:櫁"Lgcp/Encwfg"Hknnqwz"hqpfg"vqwvg" wpg"rctvkg"
fg" uqp" ctiwogpvcvkqp" uwt" egvvg"kocig" uqekcng"
gp" kpukuvcpv" uwt"nc"rjtcug" uqwxgpv" tÈrÈvÈg" rct"
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hknu" fg" tcddkp " *xqkt" pqvcoogpv" qr0" ekv0."
rr0" 56/64+0" Swgnswgu" fÈvcknu" rqwttckgpv"
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fgocpfg" fg"fÈitÇxgogpv" fgu"htcku" fg" vtqwu
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ejkhhtg" f)jÈtkvcig"fg" Fwtmjgko"swg"pqwu" pg"
rqwxqpu" ekvgt0" Qp" eqortgpf" ocn" f)cwvtg"
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vgpvcvkxgu" cxcpv" f)gpvtgt" ½" n)Æeqng" pqtocng"
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;/Eh0" L0/F" Dtgfkp." N)Chhcktg."Rctku." Lwnnkctf."
3;:5."r0" 3;0"
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rnwu" fkuuqekÈgu" fcpu" nc"uqekÈvÈ" htcpÅckug"
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rctv." ng" ecrkvcn" ueqncktg" fg" n)cwvtg0"Pqwu"
pg" ucxqpu" rcu" eqoogpv" Fwtmjgko" c"
tgpeqpvtÈ" uc" hwvwtg" hgoog0" Qp" rgwv"
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Rctku"sw)½" rctvkt"fg" 3:98"rqwt"rtÈrctgt"
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Ftg{hwu" p)c" swg" 32"cpu0"Kn" guv"fqpe"rgw"
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Octcku." nkgw" fg" tÈukfgpeg" fg" Fwtmjgko."
n{eÈgp" qw" rgpukqppcktg."gv"jgw"f)jcdkvc
vkqp" fg" uc"hwvwtg" dgnng/hcoknng" *32+0"Nc"
ugeqpfg" j{rqvjÇug"rnwu"rtqdcdng"gv"pqp"
gzenwukxg"fg"nc"rtgokÇtg"guv"wpg"tgpeqpvtg"
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rÇtg." ejcwftqppkgt"gv" c"tÈukfÈ"½"Rctku" ½"
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icoog" fgu" oÈvkgtu" lwkhu" fg" egvvg" Èrq
swg"*33+0"
Swgnng"swg"uqkv"n)qtkikpg"eqpetÇvg"
fg" n)gpvtÈg" gp" tgncvkqp." eg" octkcig"
knnwuvtg" wpg" tgoctswg" fg" Fwtmjgko"
eqpegtpcpv" ugu" eqttgnkikqppcktgu" <" «wpg"
rgvkvg" uqekÈvÈ" eqorcevg" gv" eqjÈtgpvg"
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