College of Engineering and Technology

Department of Agricultural and

Biosystems Engineering
Visca, Baybay City, Leyte, PHILIPPINES
Telephone: (053) 525- 0140 local 1015
Email: dabe@vsu.edu.ph
Website: www.vsu.edu.ph

Name: Boca, Jessa L. Offering No.: A006

Student ID: 19-1-02358 Mobile No: 0939794215

ABEn 144 – AB Structures Engineering

PROBLEM SET NO. 1

Instructions:
• Write a report that contains description of the problems, plan of solution, and interpretation
of results. Explain clearly how each solution was obtained.

• Submit a softcopy of this Machine Problem by uploading it to our virtual classroom under
Problem Set No. 1 (only when you cannot submit it through the virtual classroom that you
need to email it to grace.curay@vsu.edu.ph).

PROBLEM 1 (25 points):

A rectangular beam having a width of 300 mm and an effective depth of 450 mm. It is reinforced
with 4-36 mm in diameter bars. Assume fc’ =30 MPa; fy = 270 MPa; ES = 200000 MPa.

a. Compute the balanced steel ratio of the beam.

b. Compute the nominal capacity of the beam.
c. If the value of fc’ is reduced by 50%, compute the percentage of the reduced nominal
moment capacity of the beam.

Given:
b = 300 mm d
= 450 mm fc’
= 30 MPa fy
= 270 MPa
ES = 200000 MPa

Required:
balance beam ratio = ? nominal
capacity of the beam = ?
percentage of nominal capacity of the beam at 50% =

Solutions:
a.Balance beam ratio

Solve the required total tension steel area which has resulted to 𝜌 = 0.03015 , followed by
the nominal moment capacity which tells that the value of the compression strength of
concrete is reduced by 50 percent. And remember that the specified compression strength
of concrete in the computation is equal to 0.85 which is the β.

𝝆𝒃= 0.0554
𝜌𝑏 > 𝜌

0.0554 > 0.03015

The steel will yield

b. Nominal capacity of the beam

The nominal or ultimate flexural moment for reinforced concrete beam represents
the ultimate moment that a beam can carry. Moments generated by service load
shall be less than the nominal moment of the beam, at this stage, reinforcing steel
assumed to yield. To calculate the value of the depth of compressive stress block
use the formula for the balance design first then the n is equal to143.7 mm. Finally
the nominal capacity of the beam (Mn) able to calculate with the 415.71

𝑪=𝑻

0.85 fc’ ab = Asfy

 0.

𝒂 = 𝟏𝟒𝟑.𝟕𝟎𝟎𝟏𝟒𝟒 𝒎𝒎

𝑀𝑛 = 415.7025231 𝑥 106 𝑁 − 𝑚𝑚

𝑀𝑛 = 415.71 𝑘𝑁 – 𝑚

c. Percentage of nominal capacity of the beam at 50%

First calculating the which has a result of 0.0277 where the concrete in the
computation is equal to 0.85 which is the β. Then solving for which has a result
of 0.0208 and lastly solving for which resulted to 0.0302.

�b = 0.0277

𝜌max = 0.75𝜌b
= 0.75(0.0277)

�max = 0.0208

The steel does not yield

PROBLEM 2 (25 points):
A rectangular reinforced beam has a width of 400 mm with an effective depth of 600 mm. It is
reinforced with 4-28 mm in diameter bars at the bottom. Assume fc’ =20.7 MPa; fy = 414.6 MPa

a. Determine the percentage increase in nominal moment if the steel reinforcement is

changed to 4 – 32 mm ϕ.
b. Determine the percentage increase in nominal moment if the effective depth is increased
to 700 mm.
c. Determine the percentage increase in nominal moment if fc’ is increased to 27.6 MPa.
Given:
b = 400 mm d
= 600 mm fc’ =
20.7 MPa fy =
414.6 MPa

Required:
a. Determine the percentage increase in nominal moment if the steel reinforcement is
changed to 4 – 32 mm ϕ.
b. Determine the percentage increase in nominal moment if the effective depth is increased
to 700 mm.
c. Determine the percentage increase in nominal moment if fc’ is increased to 27.6 MPa.
Solutions:

a. Percentage increase in nominal moment if the steel reinforcement is changed

to 4 – 32 mm ϕ.

C=T
0.85 fc’ ab = Asfy

0.85 mm) (414.6 N/mm2)

a = 189.5090 mm

Mn = ϕ Asfy (d – 𝑎)
2

Mn = (0.90) 𝜋 (32 mm)2 (4 mm) (414.6 N/mm2) (600 mm – 189.5090 mm)

4 2

Mn = 606491 kN-mm

% increase = 25.11 %

% increase = ( ) x 100
 b.
C=T

Nominal Moment id d = 700 mm

Mn = ФAsfy
22 mm) (4 mm)(414.6 N/mm
)(700 mm -
Mn = 576661 kN-mm
576661−484756
% increase

% increase = 18.96%
c. The percentage increase in nominal moment if fc’ is increased to 27.6 MPa

PROBLEM 3 (25 points):

A rectangular reinforced beam has a width of 250 mm with an effective depth of 575 mm. The
beam is reinforced for tension to cause the strain in the tension steel to be 0.005 just as the
maximum strain in the concrete reaches 0.003. Assume fc’ =20.7 MPa; fy = 414.6 MPa.

a. Determine the depth of compression block.

b. Determine the amount of steel needed.
c. Determine the ultimate strength of the beam.

Given:
b = 250 mm d
= 575 mm fc’ =
20.7 MPa fy =
414.6 MPa
Ec = 0.003

Required:

Depth of compression block = ?

Area of steel need = ?
Ultimate strength of the beam = ?
 Solutions:

\ \
 College of Engineering and Technology
Department of Agricultural and
Biosystems Engineering
Visca, Baybay City, Leyte, PHILIPPINES
Telephone: (053) 525-0140 local 1015
Email: dabe@vsu.edu.ph
Website: www.vsu.edu.ph

2
As

fs = 414.60 mm

PROBLEM 4 (25 points):

A rectangular beam has a width of 250 mm and a total depth of 640 mm. The beam is reinforced
with 3-25 mm ϕ placed with a steel covering og 65 mm from the bottom of the beam. Assume fc’
=27.6 MPa; fy = 414.7 MPa.

a. Determine the distance from extreme compression fiber to the neutral axis of the beam.
b. Determine the nominal moment of the beam.
 c. Determine the percentage increase in the nominal strength of the beam if we increase the
steel reinforcement by 100%.

Given:

b = 250 mm d
= 640 mm fc =
27.6 MPa fy =
414.7 MPa

Required:

a. distance from extreme compression fiber to the neutral axis of the beam = ?
b. nominal moment of the beam = ?
c. percentage increase in the nominal strength of the beam if we increase the steel
reinforcement by 100% = ?

Solutions:

a. Distance form extreme compression fiber to the neutral axis of the beam
C =T

0.85 fc’ ab = Asfy

0.85(27.6 N/mm2)a(250 mm) mm)2(3 mm)(414.7 N/mm2)

a = 104.1255 mm a
= ßc
104.1255 mm = 0.85c

c = 122.50 mm

b. Nominal moment of the beam

Mn = ФAsfy(d-

Mn = 323.15 kN-m

= m
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