1.

(a) Compound A (Mr = 215.8) contains 22.24% carbon, 3.71% hydrogen and 74.05%
bromine by mass. Show that the molecular formula of A is C4H8Br2.

(3)

(b)

There are nine structural isomers of molecular formula C4H8Br2, three of which have
branched carbon chains. Give the names and draw the graphical formulae for any two of
the branched chain isomers of C4H8Br2.
Name of isomer 1 .......................................................................................................
Graphical formula of isomer 1

Name of isomer 2 .......................................................................................................

Graphical formula of isomer 2

(4)

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(c)

2-bromopropane, CH3CH(Br)CH3, will react with KOH to form two different products.
One product is formed by an elimination reaction, while the other is formed by a
substitution reaction. For each type of reaction, suggest the condition(s) most likely to
lead to that type of reaction and draw the structure of the organic product.
(i)

Elimination reaction
Condition(s) .....................................................................................................
Structure of the product

(2)

(ii)

Substitution reaction
Condition(s) .....................................................................................................
Structure of the product

(2)

(d)

For the reaction between 2-bromopropane and potassium cyanide:

(i)

give the name or formula of the attacking species involved;

...........................................................................................................................
(1)

(ii)

give the name of the mechanism involved;

...........................................................................................................................
(1)

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(iii)

write an equation for the reaction;

...........................................................................................................................
(1)

(iv)

draw the graphical structure of the organic product.

(1)
(Total 15 marks)

12

2.

23

(a) The mass of one atom of C is 1.99 10 g. Use this information to calculate a
value for the Avogadro constant. Show your working.
.....................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
(2)

(b)

Give the meaning of the term empirical formula.

.....................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
(1)

(c)

Define the term relative molecular mass.

.....................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
(2)

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(d)

The empirical formula of a compound is CHO and its relative molecular mass has the
value 174. Determine the molecular formula of this compound and show your working.
.....................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
(2)

(e)

A compound with molecular formula CH4O burns in air to form carbon dioxide and
water. Write a balanced equation for this reaction.
.....................................................................................................................................
(1)
(Total 8 marks)

3.

(a)

Define the term relative molecular mass.

.....................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
(2)

(b)

Give the meaning of the term empirical formula.

.....................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
(1)

(c)

Compound X contains 32.9% by mass of carbon and 1.40% by mass of hydrogen; the
remainder is oxygen.
(i)

Calculate the empirical formula of X.

...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................

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(ii)

The relative molecular mass of X is 146. Deduce its molecular formula.

...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
(4)

(d)

A 1.0 kg sample of methane was burned in air. It reacted as follows:

CH4 (g) + 2O2 (g) CO2 (g) + 2H2O(g)
(i)

Calculate the number of moles in 1.0 kg of methane.

...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................

(ii)

Calculate the volume of oxygen gas, measured at 298 K and 100 kPa, which would
be required for the complete combustion of 1.0 kg of methane.
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
(6)
(Total 13 marks)

4.

(a)

The mass of one mole of 1H atoms is 1.0078 g and that of one 1H atom is
24

1.6734 10 g.
Use these data to calculate a value for the Avogadro constant accurate to five significant
figures. Show your working.
...............................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................
(2)

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(b)

How does the number of atoms in one mole of argon compare with the number of
molecules in one mole of ammonia?
...............................................................................................................................
(1)

(c)

A sample of ammonia gas occupied a volume of 0.0352 m at 298 K and 98.0 kPa.
Calculate the number of moles of ammonia in the sample.
1
1
(The gas constant R = 8.31 J K mol )
...............................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................
(3)

(d)

A solution containing 0.732 mol of ammonia was made up to 250 cm in a volumetric

flask by adding water. Calculate the concentration of ammonia in this final solution and
state the appropriate units.
...............................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................
(2)

(e)

A different solution of ammonia was reacted with sulphuric acid as shown in the equation
below.
2NH3(aq) + H2SO4(aq) (NH4)2SO4(aq)
3

In a titration, 25.0 cm of a 1.24 mol dm solution of sulphuric acid required 30.8 cm3 of
this ammonia solution for complete reaction.

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(i)

Calculate the concentration of ammonia in this solution.

......................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................

(ii)

Calculate the mass of ammonium sulphate in the solution at the end of this
titration.
......................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................
(6)

(f)

The reaction of magnesium nitride, Mg3N2, with water produces ammonia and
magnesium hydroxide. Write an equation for this reaction.
................................................................................................................................
(2)
(Total 16 marks)

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5.

Compound A is an oxide of sulphur. At 415 K, a gaseous sample of A, of mass 0.304 g,

3
occupied a volume of 127 cm at a pressure of 103 kPa.
State the ideal gas equation and use it to calculate the number of moles of A in the sample, and
hence calculate the relative molecular mass of A.
1
1
(The gas constant R = 8.31 J K mol )
Ideal gas equation .................................................................................................................
Calculation ............................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
(Total 5 marks)

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