Ofloxacin

Introduction: Ofloxacin is a second generation fluoroquinolone.

Brand name:  Floxin, Ocuflox, Floxin Otic
Doses: 200-400mg
Mechanism: Ofloxacin is a second generation florouinolone.it is active against both Gram positive and
Gram negative bacteria. It functions by inhibiting two bacterial type II topoisomerases, DNA gyrase and
topoisomerase IV. Topoisomerase IV is an enzyme necessary to separate (mostly in prokaryotes, in
bacteria in particular) replicated DNA, thereby inhibiting bacterial cell division.
Antibacterial Action: Ofloxacin is active against Gram –ve and Gram+ve bacteria.
Gram+ ve bacteria
• Staphylococcus aureus
• Streptococcus pneumoniae
• Streptococcus pyogens
Gram –ve bacteria
• Enterobacter aerogenes
• Escherichia coli
• Neisseria gonorrhoeae
• Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Pharmacokinetics:

Route: Oral, IV, drops

Absorption: Well absorbed. Absorption impaired by: divalent and trivalent cations, including
those in antacid. Therefore, oral ofloxacin should be taken 2 hours before or 4 hours after any
products containing these cations.

Bioavailability: 80–95%

Distribution: Body fluids& tissue

Elimination: Mainly by renal excretion. 65 to 80% excrete unchanged via urine, also in feces.

Dosage adjustment: Required for patients with renal dysfunction 20 to 50 mL/min

Indication: Ofloxacin is primarily indicated in conditions like Pneumonia, Gonorrhea, Urinary

tract infection, Skin infections, Osteomyelitis, Respiratory tract infections, reproductive organs
and prostate.

Adverse effects: vomiting, diarrhea, headache, rash, tendon rupture, numbness, seizures,
psychosis, insomnia.
Drug interaction: It may affect the QT prolongation including amiodarone, quinidine and
satalol.

Contraindications: Ofloxacin is contraindicated in conditions like Epilepsy, pregnancy and in

patients with liver disease.