SRA743 - CRITICAL FUTURES

AT2 | CRITICAL CREATIVE RESEARCH PROJECT

UNIT CHAIR: MIRJANA LOZANOVSKA

TUTOR: SANJA RODES

PREPARED BY
NUSRAT JERIN

PART A: FORMAL WRITTEN TEXT

The Pritzker Prize for Architects: a critical analysis of
gender, race and identity

Abstract

Architectural historians have often ignored and silenced the topic of race.
Scholars in the field of history, colonial and post-colonial studies, critical race
studies and whiteness studies, have revealed modern Western Europe’s
episteme and ideologies and other ways of knowing and being. It is evident that
modern architectural discourse and practices to the present have been
influenced by European and American architecture and theory. In the global
context and diversity of racial discourses, European-American dominance in
global politics, and economy, and the production of a canon of architectural
history that is heavily influenced by white, male European-Americans. To
understand the race and ethnicity differences in architectural schools, periodicals,
social media and award systems, this research report investigates the concept
and influence of race in architectural history and practice. Following this, the
architectural award system, the Pritzker Prize will be analysed as a case study,
which is considered Architecture’s highest honour and prestige. Although the
Pritzker Architecture prize is prestigious and highly influential, in this research we
will focus on how it follows a similar path of prioritizing architects of Western
origin which is also supposedly awarded architects’ achievements in their
profession and significant contribution to their community “irrespective of
nationality, race, creed or ideology”. In the first section, we examine (i) the
pattern of the Pritzker Prize award in relation to gender, race, age and country of
origin. In the second section, we study (ii) the methodology of comparison
between three architects, two Laureates Wang Shu (2012) and Balkrishna
Vithaldas Doshi (2018) and Charles Correa (promising architect but not
awarded). In the final section, we will do (iii) quantitative studies of the conceptual
framework establishing the relationship between their fame and the other facts of
prize-winning.

The politics of Race

In the writing of architectural history, the concepts of race and the influences of race thinking
have played a significant role in the late eighteenth to nineteenth-century historical
narratives. Banister Fletcher’s comprehensive work, A History of Architecture on the
Comparative Method (1896) in visualizing the evolution of architectural styles in his “Tree of
Architecture”, it is seen that Europe, Greek, and Roman placed in the hierarchy where
Chinese, Japan, Indian, and other styles are in lower branches of the tree.1 These racialized
trends continued into the twentieth century in both architectural histories although it is equally
important to investigate further research in the creative work of subaltern, Non-Western
designers and people of colour. Gulsum Bayder in her Postcolonial Space(s) discusses
contemporary architectural and urban conditions of the postcolonial world are still dominated
by Eurocentric architectural discourse and excluded disadvantaged ethnicities, communities,
and gender boundaries.2 She warned that the postcolonial world often bears the continuing
effect of colonialism and searching for their identity; their historical and cultural connections
are still unrepresented and unspoken3. Wong Chong Thai in his essay focuses on the cross-
cultural exchange between East and West, and through contemporary critical analysis of
metropolitan conductions of the East concludes the East is voiceless and still being judged
by Western authority.

If we talk of race in architectural history and theory, the relationship between race and
slavery is integral to the formation of European and American ideals. Mabel O. Wilson, in her
essay “Nation, Race, and Slavery in Jefferson’s America", Mabel O. Wilson emphasises how
black slavery and race play significant roles in forming American ideals of democracy,
economic growth, and expansion and how this relationship manifested in architecture.4
Through her case study in two capitols - the Virginia and White House U.S. Capitol buildings,
she addressed how a slave society of black and oppressed people contributed and was
dedicated to promoting ideals of American democracy and liberty but rather untold in writing
American history. Mabel arose the question of whether to write the critical history of modern
architecture, it is important to expand further research on "Non-White subjects" and develop
further critical methods and analysis like the history of black slavery and race that is hidden
in plain sight.5
What Can You Say about the Pritzker Prize?

In the field of architecture, there are various architectural awards, some are global – The
Pritzker Prize, RIBA International Prize, and The American Architecture Prize, some are
regional – Aga Khan, 2A Continental Architectural Awards, however, the Pritzker Prize has
become differentiated from others and hence has been accepted as “the Nobel Prize of
Architecture”.6 The Pritzker Architecture Prize was established by the Jay A. and Cindy
Pritzker-founded Hyatt Foundation in 1979, and since that time, an architect has been
recognised annually for their contributions to the field of architecture.7 According to Jay
A.Pritzker, even though architecture should be encouraged as a great profession, it has not
been included in Nobel Prize8. Hence, the family created this international award consisting
of $100,000 (US) prize money “To honor a living architect or architects”.”9

Year Name Sex Age Country of

Origin
1979 Philip Johnson Male 73 USA
1980 Luis Barragán Male 78 Mexico
1981 James Stirling Male 55 UK
1982 Kevin Roche Male 60 USA
1983 Ieoh Ming Pei Male 66 USA
1984 Richard Meier Male 49 USA
1985 Hans Hollein Male 51 Austria
1986 Gottfried Böhm Male 66 Germany
1987 Kenzo Tange Male 74 Japan
1988 Gordon Bunshaft & Oscar Niemeyer Male & Male 79 & 81 USA & Brazil
1989 Frank Gehry Male 60 USA
1990 Aldo Rossi Male 59 Italy
1991 Robert Venturi Male 66 USA
1992 Álvaro Siza Vieira Male 59 Portugal
1993 Fumihiko Maki Male 65 Japan
1994 Christian de Portzamparc Male 50 France
1995 Tadao Ando Male 53 Japan
1996 Rafael Moneo Male 58 Spain
1997 Sverre Fehn Male 72 Norway
1998 Renzo Piano Male 60 Italy
1999 Norman Foster Male 63 UK
2000 Rem Koolhaas Male 56 Netherlands
2001 Jacques Herzog & Pierre de Meuron Male 51 & 51 Switzerland
2002 Glenn Murcutt Male 66 Australia
2003 Jørn Utzon Male 84 Denmark
2004 Zaha Hadid Female 53 Iraq
2005 Thom Mayne Male 61 USA
2006 Paulo Mendes da Rocha Male 78 Brazil
2007 Richard Rogers Male 74 UK
2008 Jean Nouvel Male 53 France
2009 Peter Zumthor Male 66 Switzerland
2010 Kazuyo Sejima and Ryue Nishizawa Female & Male 54 & 44 Japan
2011 Eduardo Souto de Moura Male 59 Portugal
2012 Wang Shu Male 49 China
 2013 Toyo Ito Male 72 Japan
2014 Shigeru Ban Male 57 Japan
2015 Frei Otto Male 89 Germany
2016 Alejandro Aravena Male 49 Chile
2017 Rafael Aranda, Carme Pigem, and Male, Male & 57, 55 & Spain
Ramón Vilalta Female 56
2018 B. V. Doshi Male 90 India
2019 Arata Isozaki Male 88 Japan
2020 Yvonne Farrell and Shelley Female & 69 & 68 Ireland
McNamara Female
2021 Anne Lacaton and Jean-Philippe Female & Male 66 & 67 France &
Vassal Morocco
2022 Diébédo Francis Kéré Male 57 Burkina
Faso

Figure 1. Winner of the Pritzker Prize by country. From 1979 to 2022.

“Laureates,” The Pritzker Architecture Prize, 2022, https://www.pritzkerprize.com/laureates.
“Pritzker Architecture Prize,” Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 2022,
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pritzker_Architecture_Prize.

Despite the significance of the Pritzker Prize and its influence, race and gender have recently
been controversial topics related to this award.10 The decision by the jury member not to
nominate Denise Scott Brown with Robert Venturi (1991) and Wang Shu’s wife Lu Wenyu
(2012) even though they are the co-founders of their respective architectural practices, has
been criticized. 2004 was a banner year11, the first woman of Arab origin, Zaha Hadid
became the 28th laureate and the first female architect has been nominated for the prize. In
four 10-year periods of the award, the first period was dominated by the U.S. and the second
period was by Europe and Japan. In the third 10-year period, the majority of winners are
again from Europe. Based on his analysis, we have reviewed four 10-year periods and as
per the illustration Figure 3, architects from Europe, Japan and prominently from Non-
Western countries have been awarded, among the examples of Wang Shu (China, 2012),
Alejandro Aravena (Chilli, 2016), B. V. Doshi (India, 2018) and Diébédo Francis Kéré (Africa,
2022). In addition, according to year, age, and country Figure 1 & 2 analysis, we can see that
most winners were over the age of 50 by 2005 and among 51 laureates till this year (with
shared prizes), 25 are from Europe, the Americas are 12, Japan is 8 and rests few are from
Non-Western World. A similar configuration of the constellation of jurors12 served from year
to year with less involvement of practitioners and a significant role of Latin male jurors. So, it
is very much evident that race has been making a difference even if it was not in their official
criteria.
 European 23
USA 8
Latin America 4
Japan 8
Asia (Others) 6
Oceania 1
Africa 1

Figure 2. Winners of the Pritzker Prize by country. From 1979 to 2022.

“Laureates,” The Pritzker Architecture Prize, 2022, https://www.pritzkerprize.com/laureates.

Pritzker Prize Recipients by Region of Origin

8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
1979-1988 by 1989-1998 by 1999-2008 by 2008-2021 by
Region Region Region Region

United States Europe Japan Others

United States 5 2 1 0
Latin America 2 1 1
Europe 3 6 7 8
Japan 1 2 3 4
Asia 1 2
Oceania 1
Africa 1

Figure 3. Pritzker Prize Recipients by Region of Origin. From 1979 to 2022.

“Laureates,” The Pritzker Architecture Prize, 2022, https://www.pritzkerprize.com/laureates.
Three Architects | Methodology | Defining the criteria
Wang Shu, China (1963 - )
While foreign architects working in China attempt to convey "meaning" by using
facile metaphors13, Wang Shu is able to bypass the common stumbling block by winning the
first Pritzker Prize from China. Wang Shu has developed a thorough awareness of
construction techniques and the skills of local artisans by keeping his practice small and his
projects local. As a result, the firm is able to use traditional materials and formal strategies as
a sort of cultural currency. By emphasising pedestrian-scale urbanisation and architecture,
Wang Shu subtly references history. He also adapts regional vernacular strategies and uses
recycled materials minimally and precisely using materials collected from demolished
buildings in the area for the building façade of Ningbo History Museum. In spite of his young
age, he has completed work in various scales such as Xiangshan Campus of China
Academy of Arts in Hangzhou (2007) and large housing project - Vertical Courtyard
Apartment, Hangzhou (2007).

Figure 4 (Left). Ningbo History Museum, Ningbo. China (2008) - Public Building.
Saieh, Nico. “Ningbo Historic Museum / Wang Shu, Amateur Architecture Studio.” ArchDaily.
ArchDaily, February 22, 2009. https://www.archdaily.com/14623/ningbo-historic-museum-wang-shu-
architect.
Figure 5 (Right). Vertical Courtyard Apartment, China (2007) - Housing Project.
Wenyu, Lu. “Amateur Architecture Studio, Lu Wenyu -Vertical Courtyard Apartment.” Divisare.
Accessed September 25, 2022. https://divisare.com/projects/192282-amateur-architecture-studio-lu-
wenyu-vertical-courtyard-apartment.

B. V. Doshi, India (1927 - )

The first from India to be awarded the prestigious Pritzker Prize, Balkrishna Doshi completed
many public buildings in India: such as schools, libraries, art centres and low-cost housing
He started his academic career in India and then anticipated work with Le Corbusier and
Louis Kahn in Chandigarh and Ahmedabad. Though his early works were influenced by
these architects using robust forms of concrete14, his later works show consideration of
India’s traditions, lifestyle, and environment. His significant public buildings such as his own
studio Sangath in Ahmedabad (1980), his most experimental project - Amdavad Ni Gufa in
Ahmedabad (1994) and his affordable housing project - Aranya Low Cost Housing in Indore
(1989) show his strong ethical sense of responsibility and contribute to a large number of
lower socioeconomic communities with high-quality architecture and the absolute epitome of
this approach in architecture. His future inhabitants’ selection of 80 models does not only for
shelter but also entire planning of the community, creating social and public, semi-public
space private spaces – how it constructs cities and that are inclusive and open to diversity
and everyday life of ordinary people.

Figure 6 (Left). Amdavad Ni Gufa art gallery (1994), India - Public Building.
Simpson, Veronica. "Balkrishna Doshi: Architecture For The People". Studiointernational.Com, 2022.
https://www.studiointernational.com/index.php/balkrishna-doshi-architecture-for-the-people-review-
vitra-design-museum-weil-am-rhein.
Figure 7 (Right). Aranya Low Cost Housing, India (1989) - Housing Project.
“Aranya Low Cost Housing.” Architect, March 7, 2018. https://www.architectmagazine.com/project-
gallery/aranya-low-cost-housing_o.

Charles Correa, India (1930 - 2015)

Bombay-based architect Charles Correa’s academic at MIT and aesthetic affiliation with Le
Corbusier, Louis I. Kahn, and Buckminster Fuller are originally located in the canons of
Western modern architecture. Though his initial design philosophy custom-prompted
response to a supine “feminine” India15, his later years strengthened this femininity into
certain resilience through the massive public building, urban planning and sensitivity to the
needs of the urban poor regime and for use of traditional methods and materials. In the early
days of Indian Independence, Charles sought his architecture to reflect “Indian-ness”16 and
create a national identity through Gandhi Memorial Museum (1963) in Ahmedabad,
Handloom Pavilion (1958) in Delhi and Jawahar Kala Kendra arts centre (1992) in Jaipur and
many more. His low-cost Belapur Housing sector (1986) in New Bombay provided housing
for urban poor people and job opportunities in midst of an overpopulated city.

Figure 8 (Left). Jawahar Kala Kendra Arts Centre (1992) - Public Building.
Team, ArchEyes. “Jawahar Kala Kendra Arts Centre in Jaipur / Charles Correa.” ArchEyes, March 5,
2022. https://archeyes.com/jawahar-kala-kendra-charles-correa/.
Figure 9 (Right). Belapur Housing, India (1960) - Housing Project.
Potdar, Rohit, and Kiran Kalamdani. “Belapur Housing by Charles Correa: A Sense of Home and
Community - RTF: Rethinking the Future.” RTF | Rethinking The Future, January 19, 2022.
https://www.re-thinkingthefuture.com/case-studies/a3735-belapur-housing-by-charles-correa-a-sense-
of-home-and-community/.

Conceptual framework Method

It is very difficult to determine the common factor among winners of the Pritzker Prize as
every winner from 1979 to 2022 differs from others in a number of significant ways. In recent
years, more awards are from the outside stream, and there have been questions in public,
about whether other architects who indeed could win the prize17. In this research, we will do
a comparison on the conceptual basis between two winners Wang Shu (2012) & B.V. Doshi
(2018) with highly promising star architect Charles Correa not yet been awarded, who had
been popular over the jury criteria. In the first section of this research, the proposed
framework builds on Hilde Heynen’s ratio rating system18 to further analyse the qualities
nominated as per Pritzker Jury citations. We have included other qualities such as Design
Philosophy, the volume of work both national and international and expressed conceptual
numbering system by the jury as exemplary. As the award officially states the award
recognizes achievements “that significantly contribute to humanity”19 such as large-scale
public buildings so, in this analysis, we have rated public buildings with higher value
compared to residential which have less weightage. Their completed projects have been
listed in the criteria to show their commitment towards their community and dedicated work
ethic, which is an important quality for jury selection. We also have considered other factors
for example design philosophy, their international influences, and publications, which are
also preferred qualities as stated “to a living architect/s for significant achievement”20. The
conceptual value numbering system has been applied to these three architects to understand
if there is any certain pattern between the winners and who have not been presented yet.

HILDE HEYNEN REVISED FRAMEWORK OTHER FACTORS

Architects Design Philosophy Completed Completed Total Inter- Inter-national Publi-

Projects Works national Awards cations/
Project books
Wang Shu Modernist & 70+ = 5 30+ x 5 = 150 165 None Pritzker Prize, 2+
(1963 -) traditional skills and 10+ x 1 = 10 Global Award for
technique Sustainable
Architecture,
Schelling
Architecture Prize
(with Lu Wenyu)
B.V. Doshi Modernist & brutalist 100+ = 5 38+ x 5 = 190 205 None Pritzker Prize, 7+
(1927-) =5 10+ x 1 = 10 Royal Gold Medal,
Global Award for
Sustainable
Architecture, 6th
Aga Khan Award
Charles Correa Critical Regionalism 150+ = 10 42+ x 5 = 210 225 4 Royal Gold Medal, 1+
(1930 - 2015) =2 15+ x 1 = 15 Praemium
Imperiale, 7th Aga
Khan Award

Rating systems as derived from qualities the Pritzker Prize jury proclaimed of winning laureates:
PROJECT#: 50+ = 5 40-50+ = 4 30-40+ = 3 20-30+= 2 10-20+ = 1
DESIGN PHILOSOPHY: Modernism/Post Modernism = 5, Deconstructive= 4 Phenomenological= 3
Critical Regionalism= 2 Humanitarian= 1
BUILDING TYPE: 1 x Public Building = 5 1 x Residential = 1

Figure 10. Hilde Heynen Revised Framework & Other factors to consider.

Another quantitative study conducted by Nan Bai and Weixin Huang using “the corpus
Google Ngram, namely Culturomics” analysed the relationship between the sign of the
winners’ fame in media and the fact of prize-winning among architects including awarded and
promising.21 Nan and Weixin discovered three patterns in the fame network, as shown in
Figure xx (3 x 2 each pattern of fame network), and examined 48 architects, 32 of whom
were awarded and 16 of whom were promising, using multiple regression and imputation
methods. They have come to the conclusion those promising architects have similarities to
the more typical prize winners and coincidently they have a strong relationship in media and
public. Based on this framework, we have conducted further analysis of the possible trial that
the last 10 years winners are from “uncommon” architects and jury-cited phrases
“Unexpectedness and Inevitability” and try to find reasoning as to why the traditional
mainstream principles have been discarded.22 In the last 10 years, the majority of the
winners are from the Non-Western world and not considering promising nominations, which
will lead to more arguments and inevitable discussion in the media and increase the Pritzker
Prize’s popularity.

Pattern A: Fame-Remaining Pattern

Regarded as real architects who gained
fame their fame 25 years before getting
awarded and till after 10 years later.
Robert Venturi, Aldo Rossi & Rem
Koolhaas

Pattern B: Fame-Fluctuating Pattern

These architects fame varied half and
half before and after getting the award.
Frank Gehry, Rafael Moneo, and Toyo
Ito

Pattern C: Fame-Descending Pattern

Regarded as untypical winners who
failed to reach fame even during their
peak time during award winning.
Philip Johnson, Sverre Fehn
and EduardoMoura

Figure 11. The Line Chart of Fame Values in each cluster and a brief explanation of each pattern with two
groups of awarded architects and one group of promising ones.
Nan Bai and Weixin Huang. “Quantitative Analysis on Architects Using Culturomics - Pattern Study of
Pritzker Winners Based on Google N-Gram Data.” CAADRIA Proceedings, 2018: 264.

Conclusion
Modern architecture and the media were inextricably linked in the twentieth and twenty-first
centuries, not only in the representation of architectural buildings in the media but also when
star architects used tools and media to design and create architectural products. However,
as mentioned in this research, the Pritzker Prize laureate selection is a complicated system
containing various factors and it is hard to tell any common factors from each other. Any
attempt to generalise or develop powerful predictions using only one element is not at all
persuasive, and this is also true of our research. Though it is evident that the first thirty years
of the Pritzker Prize show favoured Eurocentric and American architects and more racial
biases, in the last 10 years, the trial was towards awarding not a common or typical pattern
of fame, making the result more persuasive. The most promising not-yet-awarded names in
this pattern include Santiago Calatrava, Daniel Libeskind, Peter Eisenman, and Steven Hall,
but our focus in this research was to establish, through having more media attention to
national and international names mentioned in public, that Charles Correa could be a
potential laureate. Not awarding him could be a strategy to get media attention and publicity.
Due to the global population by continent, we observe that the mass of the population is from
Asia (59.33%) and Africa (17.51%), and the largest percentage of internet users are from
Asia (240M users of social media). We can assume, based on the conceptual framework
method and statistics on social media users worldwide, that not awarding the most promising
candidates as Pritzker winners could be a new strategy for gaining popularity, subscribing,
and advertising in public media.
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Endnotes

1
Gülsüm Baydar Nalbantoglu, “Toward Postcolonial Openings: Rereading Sir Banister Fletcher’s
‘History of Architecture,’” Assemblage 35 (1998): 6–17.
2 Gülsüm Baydar Nalbantoglu, “Introduction,” in Postcolonial space(s), Princeton Architectural

Press,1997, 7-12.
3 Nalbantoglu, “Introduction”,12.
4 Mabel O. Wilson, “Notes on the Virginia Capitol” in Race and Modern Architecture: A Critical History

from the Enlightenment to the Present (Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 2020), 23.
5 Mabel O. Wilson, ““Home Of The Oppressed”: Democracy, Slavery And American Civic

Architecture," Delivered the 2020 Eduard F.Sekler Talk at the Society of Architectural Historians' 2020
Virtual Conference, Audio, 35:19,
https://www.sah.org/2020-virtual-conference/eduard-f-sekler-talk.
6 Burcin Basyazici and Belkis Uluoglu, “The Phenomenon of Being Distinguished in Architecture; a

Study on Pritzker Prize.” Athens: ATINER'S Conference Paper Series, No: ARC2017-2332: 9.
7 “About the Prize,” The Pritzker Architecture Prize, September 30, 2022.

https://www.pritzkerprize.com/about.
8 Y-Jean Mun-Delsalle, “Created in 1979, Jay Pritzker's Prize Is Still Architecture's Highest Honor,”

Forbes (Forbes Magazine, March 13, 2016),

https://www.forbes.com/sites/yjeanmundelsalle/2016/03/13/created-in-1979-jay-pritzkers-prize-is-still-
the-architectural-professions-highest-honor/?sh=22e8c2d04ea1.
9 “About the Prize.”
10 Mohammadjavad Mahdavinejad, and Seyed Amir Hosseini. "Data mining and content analysis of

the jury citations of the Pritzker Architecture Prize (1977–2017)." Journal of Architecture and Urbanism
43, no. 1 (2019): 72.
https://doi:10.3846/jau.2019.5209.
11 Michael Sorkin, “What Can You Say about the Pritzker?,” Perspecta 37, Famous (2005): 107.
https://www.jstor.org/stable/40482245.
12 Sorkin, “What Can You Say about the Pritzker?,”: 110
13
Evan Chakroof, “Recasting History: The Ningbo Historic Museum”, Anyone Corporation, no. 24
Architecture Criticism (Winter / Spring 2012): 58.
14
“Jury Citation,” The Pritzker Architecture Prize, October 8, 2022.
https://www.pritzkerprize.com/about.
15 Vikramaditya Prakash, “Identity Production in Postcolonial Indian Architecture,” in Postcolonial

space(s), Princeton Architectural Press,1997, 40.

16 Iain Jackson, “Charles Correa,” Reputations. 14.

http://digitalissues.arplus.co.uk/2016/0516/html5/index.html
17 Nan Bai, and Weixin Huang, “Quantitative Analysis on Architects Using Culturomics - Pattern Study

of Pritzker Winners Based on Google N-Gram Data,” CAADRIA Proceedings, 2018.

doi:10.52842/conf.caadria.2018.2.258.
18 Hilde Heynen, "Genius, Gender And Architecture: The Star System As Exemplified In The Pritzker

Prize," Architectural Theory Review 17, no. 2-3 (2012): 331-345.

https://doi:10.1080/13264826.2012.727443.
19 “About the Prize,” The Pritzker Architecture Prize, October 8, 2022.

https://www.pritzkerprize.com/about.
20 “About the Prize,”.
21 Nan Bai, Quantitative Analysis“”.263.
22 Nan Bai, Quantitative Analysis“”. 265.
 PART B: CREATIVE RESEARCH
ARCHITECTURAL TALK: CHAT OVER CHAI
Google Drive Link: Video
https://drive.google.com/file/d/1-z_A0mrLvv9NEeIYI1asHYvxlAxhb_ES/view?usp=sharing

Audio Script
[00:00:07.260] - Speaker 1
Good evening viewers. Welcome to our weekend session of Chat over Chai. As you all know, during
our talk what we do is me, Mary Mahmoud and my friend who's Zariy, we do have conversation
around architecture. We are both architecture enthusiasts and we like to catch up every weekend and
discuss our findings over the findings we have done over the weeks. Today we are going to talk about
Pritzker Prize because I've just read an article this week about Pritzker prize nostra prideska price is
considered equivalent to Nobel prize and if you look at all the awards that goes into architecture
world. Let's say the Royal Institute of British Architects awards or the American Institute's award or
any other architecture award that happens. Most respectable of them is Pitcapriz award. And I was
looking at the Laureate Steeldate and the article that I was reading, it was all about how the award
has always gone to male architects and not just male architects, male architects specifically from
America and Europe. And I thought it was surprising because if you look at population distribution
around the world it is not the most populated part of the world. I do believe there would be more
architecture for more people to be habitat and it was quite surprising to be honest.

[00:01:46.070] - Speaker 1
Have you noticed that? Have you read about it? What's your thought on that?

[00:01:50.700] - Speaker 2
Thank you marianne, you actually have chosen very interesting topic for this week to discuss. So yes.
Gender and race has been most controversial issues when we talk about Priscilla prize if we start with
the race architectural historians often ignored and silent when this topic comes up about the race and
it's also very much evidence that architectural discourse practices are heavily influenced on European
and American architectural theory and critical prize kinds of follow the same tradition if you see from
since 1979 till day. So if we kind of distribute in ten years of span so the first ten years the award
actually gone to USA and the second ten years is more Japan and Europe and the third tenure is more
dominant towards the European architects and the last ten years we can see a shift choosing the
Laurence from non western world but you also will see if we consider the other controversy gender.
The first controversy is the Denise Scott Brown that she did not win the Prisco prize with Robert
Venturi when she was the cofounder and Priscilla prize had awarded two laureates at the same time.
So why there was a reason for not choosing her and also you can see that Daha hadid so that banner
year that's called a banner year when the first woman to win a critical prize she was the 28th Laurie
and first from non western world is where Arabs it took quite a bit sometimes time to found a female
architect who has masculine philosophers to win this prize.

[00:03:58.460] - Speaker 2
So you can see a lot of bit of bias that's happening in Prisca Price award system.

[00:04:05.860] - Speaker 1
It is very interesting what you said, because when I was doing my research as well, what I thought is
how the award went to Wongsu from China for the first time, even though he had done significant
work in China, his office, a major architectural studio, was founded not just by him, but his partner as
well, Luannu. But the average went to only Wang Shu. And I was looking up his work. He has done lots
of beautiful buildings around China. He has found, used local techniques and methods and respected
the local weather as well. You can see that in his Ningo Historical Museum or the art college that he
has done. It really touched me. But he was saying that he was the first one to receive an hour from
China in 2012. And not just him, after him, there was Bhavidoshi from India, our part of the world. And
Bibi Doshae has done a lot of public buildings, socioeconomic address architecture for
socioeconomic groups. And he has done a lot of public buildings, for example, the HuffA Museum.
And his work is amazing. But what I have noticed is in India, if you look at someone who has explored
contextual architecture and address contextual architectural techniques or construction techniques, it
wouldn't be him to be the first one that we think of.

[00:05:35.880] - Speaker 1
We think of Rajaval or Charles Korea, who has done this before him as well, and transgender, yeah, if
I'm not wrong, has buildings around America and Canada as well. What surprises me is he was never
awarded, but it is Bibi Doshi who got that tension. Have you noticed that as well?
[00:05:54.980] - Speaker 2
Yes. So if we actually have to not compare analysis of working between three architects so two
winners, Wong Shu and Bibiuschi, and also we say the promising one had not been awarded Charles
career. You can see a pattern of philosophies as three of them actually their contribution to their
community using local techniques, local materials, local construction techniques. It's very much
evident in their architectural project in Indian context. So Bibi Doshi and Charlesworth, they actually
had exposure to work with Likobuji and Wikan. And if you see Bibi Doshi's earlier work, it's also you
can see a lot of influence on concrete and you can see the lot of influence come from them. But
however, his middle one has more Indian culture oriented or traditionorientated. You can see he has
done local housing project, Arani local housing project. And as you mentioned, the Gulf of museum as
well, which is also very famous for using traditional local skills, materials, craftsmanship. But I would
say Charles Korea in terms of his successful project or his build projects in public sector are more
than Bdoshi, which is actually one of the main criteria of Prince George Prize jury citation is
contribution towards significant contribution to the humanity.

[00:07:24.080] - Speaker 2
So I would say rather than residential work, the public buildings are more or the successful buildings
are more to charles Korea will be supersede David Ocean's work, but I would say he yet has not been
awarded.

[00:07:39.690] - Speaker 1
It's interesting that you mentioned Charles Scoria's work and that he has not been awarded. But what
I often ponder on is is there a metric system that we know of on how these principle prizes have been
awarded.

[00:07:55.660] - Speaker 2
So there has been few scholarly research. So one of the very famous one is called it's all conceptual
basis obviously is Heldie Haynen. So he actually has built a plot ratio value ratio system based on this
genius star architects and he kind of come to a plot ratio system that kind of gives numbers to
masculine versus feminine architects among the All Priscilla prize winners. And you can come to an
observation that most of the winners have golden ratio towards the mass human side. But however, if
we have to compare the working between three of them, we actually should consider other or we
actually will give a numbering system to the other aspects as well, like the design philosophy,
because that actually also kind of contributes to jury's requirement. So we can say postmodernism
modernism in terms of critical regionalism. So we can give a bit of numbering system to all design
philosophies and of course all their completed projects. So we can see Charles Korea has more
completed public projects than Bibi, Doshi and Wang Shu. And why I am kind of focusing on public
buildings because their main qualities or criteria is a significant contribution to humanity.

[00:09:25.430] - Speaker 2
So to meet more large scales or public building. So if you actually scored these three architects and
consider other factors, their publications, their international and local works, you will see that Charles
Korea has outperformed in that numbering, conceptual numbering system. Bibidoshi and Wongshu,
so he actually has outperformed both of them.