ALAL2 VS AUDI1Ck GLNLkAL

IAC1S lrom SepL 04 Lo CcL 29 1964 Lhe resldenL (Marcos) lssued execuLlve orders creaLlng
33 munlclpallLles Lhls ls purporLedly ln pursuanL Lo Sec 68 of Lhe 8evlsed AdmlnlsLraLlve Code
whlch provldes LhaL Lhe resldenL of Lhe hlllpplnes may by execuLlve order deflne Lhe
boundary or boundarles of any provlnce subprovlnce munlclpallLy Lownshlp munlclpal
dlsLrlcL or oLher pollLlcal subdlvlslon and lncrease or dlmlnlsh Lhe LerrlLory comprlsed Lhereln
may dlvlde any provlnce lnLo one or more subprovlnces1he v Lmmanuel elaez and a
Laxpayer flled a speclal clvll acLlon Lo prohlblL Lhe audlLor general from dlsburslng funds Lo be
approprlaLed for Lhe sald munlclpallLles elaez clalms LhaL Lhe LCs are unconsLlLuLlonal Pe
sald LhaL Sec 68 of Lhe 8AC has been lmplledly repealed by Sec 3 of 8A 2370 whlch provldes
LhaL barrlos may noL be creaLed or Lhelr boundarles alLered nor Lhelr names changed excepL
by AcL of Congress or of Lhe correspondlng provlnclal board upon peLlLlon of a ma[orlLy of Lhe
voLers ln Lhe areas affecLed and Lhe recommendaLlon of Lhe councll of Lhe munlclpallLy or
munlclpallLles ln whlch Lhe proposed barrlo ls slLuaLed elaez argues accordlngly lf Lhe
resldenL under Lhls new law cannoL even creaLe a barrlo can he creaLe a munlclpallLy whlch
ls composed of several barrlos slnce barrlos are unlLs of munlclpallLles? 1he AudlLor Ceneral
counLered LhaL only barrlos are barred from belng creaLed by Lhe resldenL MunlclpallLles are
exempL from Lhe bar and LhaL L a munlclpallLy can be creaLed wlLhouL creaLlng barrlos LxlsLlng
barrlos can [usL be placed lnLo Lhe new munlclpallLy 1hls Lheory overlooks however Lhe maln
lmporL of elaez' argumenL whlch ls LhaL Lhe sLaLuLory denlal of Lhe presldenLlal auLhorlLy Lo
creaLe a new barrlo lmplles a negaLlon of Lhe blgger power Lo creaLe munlclpallLles each of
whlch conslsLs of several barrlos

ISSUL WheLher or noL Congress has delegaLed Lhe power Lo creaLe barrlos Lo Lhe resldenL by
vlrLue of Sec 68 of Lhe 8AC

nLLD AlLhough Congress may delegaLe Lo anoLher branch of Lhe governmenL Lhe power Lo flll
ln Lhe deLalls ln Lhe execuLlon enforcemenL or admlnlsLraLlon of a law lL ls essenLlal Lo
foresLall a vlolaLlon of Lhe prlnclple of separaLlon of powers LhaL sald law (a) be compleLe ln
lLself lL musL seL forLh Lhereln Lhe pollcy Lo be execuLed carrled ouL or lmplemenLed by Lhe
delegaLe and (b) flx a sLandard Lhe llmlLs of whlch are sufflclenLly deLermlnaLe or
deLermlnable Lo whlch Lhe delegaLe musL conform ln Lhe performance of hls funcLlons
lndeed wlLhouL a sLaLuLory declaraLlon of pollcy Lhe delegaLe would ln effecL make or
formulaLe such pollcy whlch ls Lhe essence of every law and wlLhouL Lhe aforemenLloned
sLandard Lhere would be no means Lo deLermlne wlLh reasonable cerLalnLy wheLher Lhe
delegaLe has acLed wlLhln or beyond Lhe scope of hls auLhorlLy

ln Lhe case aL bar Lhe power Lo creaLe munlclpallLles ls emlnenLly leglslaLlve ln characLer noL
admlnlsLraLlve