942 13. (a) Laplace transform of? e-*ig (n+)! SH, Ga & Deg an (ii) i Sy ©) Laplace transform off) = Fe-sin fay, ng by oy alt= t=) Oh Goaheg [e-a vy ° a CPS ty i © Ifa) = PQ), where POs) has derivatives ofa ‘ ‘CTS, the a OF LUO] Wiig ‘ey Gii) s* LE (@)_(v) none of these, *y (@ The Laplace transform of 1" cosh 2 rig © 42545 2x —_— 2845 (2-3) w fy 4544 W253 \UDorrrermerrsy Gy) 4824 (s-+25-3) (PaaP 1 15.9 LAPLACE TRANSFORM OF 7? (OIvision BY 1) If L{f()J=F(), then iLrol-frioe Proof, LIS()I= Fs) => F)= = [e's (ar Integrating (1) w.r.t. ‘s’, we have fF(s)as [Fenroae]as =f i e"f(t)as|dt= gle “La = LO ferf a= LOfo-ee = fle" {t rohan = Ere] > ft ro] SP F(s)as. Cor. LJ" F(s)ds -t 710) 21 Example 10, Find the Laplace transform of 5lace transform of f(t) = pu sint 7 t 1 Find the Lap! tee 7 ye 12. Find the Laplace transform of —>— a pie 12> =L(1)-L —— -cos = L(1) (cos f) aa L¢ eevee) 20). -f (-sa)*- = [oes tal 3 ey] . slices" —tog(s?+1)]. = yo] ae =| 0-loy | ae ee 1 qi Fal asa 5| 108 2 14a es) eels 1 Lye one Again, fee] =— ah woes = -h (we \s ation Integrating by parts, we have i 2 a 4 pce 2, . stai(s +1)2s #0) si s ele s (s?+1) , : a 2 afta] = tf se St ‘| 5-3 slo, A : Ha st+] 2 ate | i 2 2 0-2()- log —— + 2tan™ See ealFind Laplace transform of the following: An EXERCISE 15.3 ay a 4q-¢) Ans tog! ? 5 1 1 cm ea a 3. HI-cosar) Ans. los Fra ao tsin?s ans. Hogi t4 5. Lsinhr 7 ae? 7 Yong : le 1 noel? 6. AG sint) Ans. cos (s+ 1) 7. 7{l-cost) Ans. 5 floe(s +1) “bee sint dt Ans, Soot"! (¢+2) 9%. 10. 4 (cos at cos 61) 15.10 UNIT STEP FUNCTION With the help of unit step functions, we can find the inverse transform of functions, which cannot be determined with previous methods. The unit step functions u (t- a) is defined as follows: _ Jo when t2 Solution. S(y= (es is945 ts2_ = 8+. 0, {i Sgeescaft ts? 1 t>2 = 8-2u (1-2) Ls =8L(1)-2Lu(—2) = Ans. raw the graph oft (1— a) ~u (tb) : 40 16.272" 6 10 the graph of w (ta) isa straight fine from A__8 i in 4 Iegraph of # (1—D) astraight line from B toc, ‘ “u(t a) HU AL is AB. ' ee ah os ae following function inferms ofunit step function y res ransfor"" it! wa face E, ab os ino 1, a Ans. ‘pace Transform of unit function | Liwd-a} = —. Trt, 7 | Liw@-ay] = fre Mu(r-a)ar | = fferodre[fetsar=o4f L[u(t-a)) = Proved. s“= y 946 Laplace Transto, it LY (6), then L [f@- a). u((- a) =e PG, Ay Proof. L [/(t—a).u (¢—a)] = fe" [£@—a) ua] de = Ret s(—a).ode+ Je" f(a) (t)at = [lew e-a)ae = fre) £(u)du where w= ta ens u)au =e F(s) Pi 15.12 THEOREM Lf/Mu(t-a) =e*L [f(r a)] Proof, Lf().u(t—a) = foe" F@.ue—a) at = fe“ [rOmle-a)] aes Je" [7 Qa(ea)] 4 = 0+ fe s(A(t)ar = Pee s(ytaldy= ee f(y+ aay (oy = ee fens (ta)di=e 1s (t+a) Prove ~ Example 18. Find the Laplace Transform of ? u (t~ 3). Solution, 2 (1-3) = [(¢-3)?+ 6(¢-3) + 9]u(t-3) = (t-3), u(t-3) + 6(¢-3). u(-3) + 9u(t-3) L?.u(¢-3) =L (t-3)%, u(t-3) + OL(t-3). u(t-3) + 9L u(t-3) auf 2. 6 | een Aliter LP u(¢-3) =e*L (t+ 3) =e L [r+ 6+ 9] [2,6 ;] =e S+se [ees 4 Example 19. Find the Laplace transform of e?' u, (0). hi @ 0: tn Soluti 1) O: ta =u(t-n) Le*u,(0) = Le*u(t—n) RO =ea 947 Stn) = eA) Mg Pn (aston) 1 en s42 sist?) oe present 0) = 10 2,25 << Ae and fy = 9 gig pe 20R Find ts Laplace transform, otherwise, In terms of unit st Pd te fo” Ans. yy sin2t, 2n<1— Bea) 50. «es | Aas Zeta A p(T-), ZStsT % i “al 15.15 CONVOLUTION THEOREM If LLAMI= A(s) and Lf, = F,(s) then 1 fimsne- yds} = F(s).Fy(s) or L*R(s).F(s)= [AOAC 2d953 -geone-oe}=] EP AOM I ~x) dea = fe" neone-sdear is taken over the infinite region in the first quadrant lying between an er of integration, the above integral becomes 19 yan" =" ot f(x) fylt-3 Mont file AOAU-xdtde 2 feta ho-n a 2 fet i@ar fy Al) de, on putting r—x=z - femnanod-[[ ©" C0) de] F) = (3) Fs) Proved. ; ack TRANSFORM OF BESSEL FUNCTIONS J, (x) AND J,(x) ( 4 e we wow that otto tee faa en [gree Pee IO? 2 ms of both sides, we have 2! 1 4! 1 6! Pas PHe s (By Binomial theorem) " 1 Ans. Weknow that Lf(at)= t+(2) a \a 1 1 1 LJ (at)=— = @ fs? Ve +a S41 @ LI (at) = ~LJo(x) = Lsl-Jo(2)— Jo Tea ~ 15.17 EVALUATION OF INTEGRALS Is ha We can e' amie number of fkega ving (ower limit O and yp fo Laplac re gh Example 28. Evaluate j te sintdt. ‘ Solution, [te sintdt.= Jee sinede a a 2x3 6 3 3741)? 100 50 i sine dt and [Sit a yan Example 29. ‘sing pa Sint Solution. [pte free. - [524] [= Ze [ons] ‘ tan“! ...(1) =F tan) On putting s = 0 in (1), we get ta 1 =F no) Evali fe the following by using Laplace Transform: Me : 1 fre" sinede ans. 38 eA Beate 5 oe ‘Ans, i= - Ans. 15 S.No.~. 955 sin ar La £08 at J sinh ar cosh at u(t-a) on 5 8-9 = sin a a (s-b) +a? et sb 0s at ee Lsin at s | 11. 2a & = y p. 108 at A isinar ls ro Syieaueny | Gay 1 2 | 14. 3, (sn at+at cos at) (Fee) ie PROPERTIES OF LAPLACE TRANSFORM ES Property LO FO 1 L Scaling flat) + F(z} aso gf) sF(s)-f(0),s>0 dt » Derivative #fO PAG) O-f (0).5>0 at 2s) 870) -3f" O-F" Os #10 SR) S0)~51 dt3. Integral f j S()dt 4, Initial Value tim £0 5. Final Value fim ss 6. First shifting eso 7. ‘Second shifting SW uta) 8. Multiplication by ¢ SO 9. Multiplication by ¢” "so 10. Division by ¢ Ly 1 11. Periodic function SO 12, Convolution SO*8 15.20 INVERSE LAPLACE TRANSFORMS Now we obtain #(#) when F (s) is given, then we say that inverse Laplace transform ofF WV SO. " IfL (f()] = F (s) then L“ [F (s)] =/(9. where L~ is called the inverse Laplace transform operator. From the application point of view, the inverse Laplace transform is very useful, 15.21 IMPORTANT FORMULAE 1 £ ()=1 3. Lt 8 1. EAS =c08 at 4a 1 : G-afae e sinbt—— 957 co sinh br 12, 71—S=@ (s—ajeape Cteosh br 1 ez (sinat—atcosat) 14, 17! 2 1 5 2a? ic (2,22 7 5p fsinar ) (s +a) 2a = 10s at 16. 1 (1) =a opel aa oe Ppa 5g [sin at + atcos at) 18, wftp ©} Ssoa Find the inverse Laplace esto Of the following: som! pe 3 0 7a F-9 g Fae 6 F425 ms Oa (it) =a witty — +2 1 wart +3r a © coe Om goin) =a sinh righ? secosh4t (ny) CI =} 5d i "E46 (ay #425 Step 50 A iano (wi Oat e sint ae ona cos2t (viii) L er eer or! aE a Geer aa Sai =e coshst we Lat fz Ans. Euample 31. Find the inverse Laplace transform of o! aie we 2s eee Sandon, (p12 $842 $842 pit cig, ae ae 2 pet ptt ps avi Ans Ve-2 (ii) ' <= 6? +20 25% 25-5 dsn18 Lf Se Se ates poe ame = 5 (ee -snkt)- }- Acosh3r+ 6sinh3p $5=10 SU ail h neeee 5. Scosh=1—Ssinh 4, ‘Ans. Seoshr sinh Sr iss 957 =16 5 re Ans, 1, a 15.22 MULTIPLICATION BY s PIFON= 2 0+ SOB Example 32. Find the inverse Laplace transform of 5 s i) 3S. Onn OW (0 9 pis dd ose soapsinh Sr Linh 3 (0) 5 jas sh =t aasd |959 3d (9 a)agenm 3 aw 3 e + Ans. EXERCISE 15. ce anor of the following: L sr i Ans. ~5€ arie. Ans. -4e" we ie 3 5 4? 1 cosh’ : Ans. 008h'5 Ans.—a sin at+ 1 ga ‘ $y 5 1 ted Ans. —3sin3t+1 6. —— (Madras, 2006) Ans. e%.t get (s-3) 879 ss is 1 Lv 6 744) psnegco Or dsin2r+Se0s2 (iit) finde 100821 () joinar Gost Ans. (id) 0 1 sovisiON BY § (MULTIPLICATION BY =) af Fs)]_ py is [2] he IEF(s)]dt= fi S(ode sunple 33. Find he inverse Laplace transform of 1 5 ota ORD Oy at afl ination. (7) (4) € af =fe'(4) eign L (ara he Sey) [letar= ah -e*] Ans. Ans, i SS 55)960 EEE =a i ; Hy =1-2f'singrar=t — fv (s& is y, fh less Mohali " = seat Find the inverse awe transform of the following: ah i pee Ans. 5|<—-1 mena f Be=9 abs aby Sd = ae ‘Ans. —[cosh 4 ~1 San il y ai S242, os ‘Ans. cos? ¢ coaeleny Beaty) 2 #64) 2 Gave 5(s7 +1) ees sean © (1 ~cost 2 5 SF eost 1 Ans, eos G1 +cos¢ 15.24 FIRST SHIFTING PROPERTY ILL" F (s)=/( then L"F(s +a) =e“ L"[F(s)} Example 34. Find the inverse Laplace transform of 1 i) — 4) Sl © By Carn a Seal Oa Gaas wt S~65495 Solution. (i) then (i) {4+ Jari tak pebt—st2 tas413) (6427 4O" 2G?” GDF tpt S ay 123 eee ae ee 54 = Most Fein Ay +3 3 ot ey OY Sect © Gayl 9 ( s iy) 1 7 -1 a =34+2 1 . Jc [a o]- if_sa342_ 6425 oy eayr |’ [ea eaee Moos At+ Lovin ar : Ans. apace gransform of the following: we 1 ; 5, «2 (cost-+6sin?) oie as uo om o(cos2¢=1.5sin21) Syst 2 : $ ant Ans © B-7 t f s 6 Ans, ¢!(eosh3t+sinb30) 3 7a dale _ et cosa Sit 1 As Ans. ¢ [ows 3sina] 6. ——— Ans. 2 sine ‘ spot As=1) +32 8 3 2d re Lo cosa —ge¥ sin FTING PROPERTY = fi-aue-9) u [erro] 5, Obtain inverse Laplace transform of som 3 € Wy Ores) Peer | soution O53 fe Ans. pete rur-9 Ans ; sesame sample 36. Find the inverse Laplace ransform of x2 !nterms of unit step functions. Solution, pissin * a wl) ver ee ee282 Laplace f, I mace Tran, * Tet and in eras ;) 2 On adding (1) and (2), we get 3 ete) sinc .u( 1 5} =sin (x). wsinne(s- 2)-ne-0] s A 1 : ae i a Example 37. Find the value of la a} Solution. (s? +a?) = 1 Cee > faa (2) (2) |—arcosat +sin at] 1 “aa! EXERCISE 15.12. Obtain inverse Laplace transform of the following: (+2) et 2, ——___ GHG? +2542) 3, veel aoe ez +e 2 Bm © Be 1S. ~S]-ule-s| Sal Ani cour[u( =) of 3 Ans. (iv), e8(s42) Be pa Ans. &7') cos(t—w)U(—4)- " 060 ee 963 a whent>a =0 whent0 | (in2it0 is Ans. (iv) Ans. (i) (osinkt (ii) coskt (iii) (a) sin kt (iv) none of these. Ans. (iv) (lovers Laplace’s transform of ' is: wi (ii) Bt). Gi) 61) < (iv) uf) Ans. (ii) t INVERSE LAPLACE TRANSFORMS OF DERIVATIVES d olde tos ~'[F(s)] = -f (0) or LF (s)]=-=L" [é ro] Humple38. Find inverse Laplace transform of tant Suton, Es (1am 4 alo [02] Sythe deren Ans.964 Lt, : °F, Example 39. Obtain the inverse Laplace transform of logs = hy, > 5 Solution. L"! [ log: ~-fe[Afiows? = ~2ings} =! -=L Ts 2 =2,1-cost “{1-cosh } Fy Example 40. Find L"'[eot'(1+s)]. Solution, Z[cot"(1 +9)]= r[ Leora + | Lif = 1 =-tpt}_! al t [ma ra Lon =e" sint 1 = onal Obtain inverse Laplace transform of the following: 2 1. log 42) Ans, Zcosa+2 2—+ Its? +54 s tsinat s 3.9 aS Ans. 4, slog: cot"! s (407)? 2a [Pa 1 [st+b? er! ~cosbt 1 15.27 INVERSE LAPLACE TRANSFORM OF INTEGRALS ole Ss pas |= A £0 IFO) or rola [rods] 2s er Example 41. Obtain LT. = _ 2s: Solution. a 5 fF as af a (P41) =rsint An 15.28 PARTIAL FRACTIONS METHOD 1 Example 42. Find the i transforms of =——. p ind the inverse transforms of ————— Solution. Let us convert the given function into partial fractions. fileay Nees) eS s+4 inverse Laplace transforms of Fi nd th s(5~1)(s? +4) wn we a4 — ito partial fact ast ON SEDGE) Fractions. F wt 4, 8, oD eat aaaea A) 4 rail Pe oo ge 2 +4) + Ba(s? +4)+(Co+D)s(s—1) we Be! Neg SB OTD B=! on both sides of (1), we have ie of? 30--1t1+C>C=0. ce Bee one efciens of on bath sides of (1), we get Ve yaa p 2l=4+4-D=D=-1 singive vues fA B,C, Din(1), we get st4 =: s(s—I)(s? +4) st4 | [+ __st4 ou xe- Ds" +4) s Find the Laplace inverse of 73 ample 4. Find the Laplace inversé of Grays td) Solution, Let us convert the given function into partial fractions. datas [tf Cray +B) |449 16 ik : e (42545) 1 © Gane) 1 10. (s=2)(7-+1) S=6547, (974545)? 15.29 INVERSE LAPLACE TRANSFORM BY CONVOLUTION Hf fier" A0-a] = RA) = ffcors Example 45. Using the convolution theorem, find a z a#b sh, (4a ree (t~x)de= CRA Solution, We have and L(cosbr) = 5 — 5 L(cosat) = rae a Hence by the convolution theorem U[flemersosae—ous} s (8? +a°\(s? +B?) Therefore, =I st f L ‘ex = fcosaxcosb(t—x)deion oe stat ia . 967 v if x Dt) +608(0~Br $y) Pi pfeosll@~ yest) [sina 6x1 ale day { 30-9) do 1p pyre ble +5 fieostias py, ~ brad sinar + sinbr a+b) i Ans. onan Ea 1___sinar (s? +a’) a ete and L"' jution theorem, Olea) se Laplace transform by convolution, ie 1 1 i J ycosar+sinar 2, — 1 1 bag Ans pteosar+ > sinat 2, =p Ans. 2{3-1)sint—3rcost} ey : ; tsinat atts 1 aig ae Faas Ans, Jy l-at sinha] fel ans Fleost—sinte") ener +) i(s).F(s) 30, SOLUTION OF DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS BY LAPLACE TRANSFORMS Odiney linear differential equations with constant coefficients can be easily solved by the ‘Transform method, without finding the general solution and the arbitrary constants, Temethod will be clear from the following examples: Example 47, Using Laplace transforms, find the solution of the initial value problem v4 y! + dy = 64 sin 2 ¥ 0) =0, y'@=1. Solution, Here, we have y""—4 y" + 4 Taig YO =O y'O=1. '8 Laplace transform of both sides of (1), we have Ls? ¥-sy 0)-y'@J-4L5y-O}+4 64 sin 2 ~@ 4x2 eed + Q)(On putting the values of y (0) and y’ (0) in (2), we get = 128 splay aaa = 128 aS 12 y= 1 (5-2)? Fa 8 => (3? -454+4)y M4 aad vy “a 1 ry 128 1 7 , - CPT CaP oe 17 8s op yy Pt f = (s-27 S44 = 8 e% + 171 e% + 8 cos 2 Example 48, Using the Laplace transforms, find the solution of the ing y+ 25y" = 10.cos St ey , (0) = 0 > Solution. Taking Laplace transform of the given differential equation, we at [°F -sy (0)—y’ ()] +25 ¥ => SV -2st+27= 62425)F = 254108 a (425) = 284 a5 2s ~ 8? +25 => ysl? ar |= 2c0s5e+1-1[__10s_] . S425 (57425) Fay af -s =2cosSt—-L! | ° ara ] =2cosSt+rsin 51 Example 49. Applying convolution, solve the following initial value problem. plty=sin3t y¥O=0, y'O=0. Solution. yy" +y=sin3¢ Taking Laplace transform of both the sides, we have °F -9O-y'Ol+F 249 (On putting the values of y(0),y (0) in (1), we get #y+y 1 (5? +1)(5? +9) il; +1 #5sr eco mae 969 =14_128 ye ay =! 2 _ seit OFT, OG yay apg MO Lv) as ] &. Som 9 an gg 2P 2 * pa y-BLO-2L0)=09 ~L yy a 1420442416 -220)-0 -¥ OI+LST - yO] 24 as SF yO] 2; B sees 70 908 0) we ge igh gs DTD 245 fy yO=1y¥@=2) say nepeitg-142(s225 2b nae 3-2-2) Z- geo (Separating the variables) 2/2 tf Sn0 > 08 +1052) 109 a76-3=C > {4 3 yRCE {olay ce ay = Lin (1, we get ‘poting» (0) ice nad pang C= 1 in (1), We get y =e! risisthe required solution, Ans. aample 1. Using ore {transform technique solve the following inital value problem Baye Sain t, where y (0) =y ()=0 S14 i wa] 428. a! value problem 7 Solution, Wehave, yy" +2y/ +2y=5 sine YO=y¥ O)=0 Ting the Laplace Transform of both sides, we have [PF ~syO-y (O)] +2 [8 ¥ - yO] + 2¥ au ‘Onsubstituting the values of y (0), and y’ (0) in (1), we get So [teare?] SF + IG +27 saling the inverse transform, we get Taking the im “(288) ten Pe saa) ete oe (ies Pel > = 1] e+1 “4 a ; (Hype " (os ey Wi =e Example 52. Solve the initial value problem i dy" t5yt2y=e% — yO)=1, YOx1, using the Laplace transforms, Solution, 2y"+Sy'+2y= ery 0) Taking the Laplace Transform of both sid Sy, “LyO=1 les, we get ?9-90)-y O]+sfs5 ~»(0)] On substituting the values of y (0) and y' (0) in s°5-s-1] +5[s5-1] 425 +25 532 (1, We get 1 542 [25?+55+2]5-25-2-52_L 542 1 42547 = l428 FIs 4s44 Wo Saeed 228 sty (642)(2s%a5s42) 25% +5502 (2 rss2)e9 Ciggy -4!9 9 3 ad Seale 92 al 98423 Gyap a Example §3, Solve Seka syesns where y(0)=0, y(ij=1 2 Solution, a + 2 +5y=e"sinx Taking the Laplace Transform of both the sides, we get F-90-y +267 -y@]+37=L (es) 1 ©F-90)-y @)+2[57-yoy +5 pel On substituting the values of y (0) and y’ (0) in (1), @F we get “D426 7) +575 842542 Ree a971 pha 243 oo) Ty 28+5)(s° + 2842) s 1.5: into got 2 partial fractions, we get 1 1 _ ++ Zeit 2s+5 357 +2542 ptai wee 1 842542 1 Ly gt" joe ee SP 42545 pd GaP 3" Gaye in 1 o-* sin 2x4 567 sin x yaze 2 yede™ (sin x4 sin 2x) a Ans. 2 using Laplace transforms, find the solution of the initial value problem pst gy = 9u (€-3).9) = YO) =0 the unit step function. 1-98 ween yragy= 5a (3) a ’ a sin Laplace transform oF (1), veh ie 9 0-¥O* 97=9—— (2) seni vaesof7(0)= andy (0)=0in 2) we get 3s Sot oy y=[1-cos3(1-3)] u(t—3) Ans.or Example 85.4 resistance Rn serie wth yg Motaneg L current {is given by Com, +Ri= B() as i, Ifthe switch is connected at = O and disconner y Solution. Conditions under which current; ated ay i BE, Oa 2 Given equation is LS-+ Ri= E(1) Taking Laplace transform of (1), we get LES HO] + RT = Je" Ee) Lsi+ RT = fren E(t) (ts+R)P =e" Bat = if Edt 4. flew eo eee s(Ls+R) s(is+R) : ie On inversion, we obtain mole pal _zera s(Ls+R) Hy Now we have to find the value of I'{__£ (s+) (Resoling apy Ay met | Ze“ ] £ ri} ei et and bass l-e 9) ~a) [By the second shitiy’: On substituting the values of the inverse transforms in (2) we get is ah - 0; given that y (0) = 9 i Mme ea vaayeet and y=. 6419) oq 2 Ans, y= 4 9.90) 1 O)= 0 where ron{t 12) 3° stay Ans. y. ue 2)» where 1 i8 Unit step Function Poy On! 0 eae Ans. y =u(t=21), yO) = y(0)= bey gone HE RN =0 ory ae se OW ch (4008 tu (4 9 — @ cer of capacity C is charged to potential E ang ite, we Re The charge J at lime 1 is governed by the gisrer nee! = O through 0G R44 Leg Satial equation eS pg place transforms, sHOW that he charge i gven by us CE -Miysinnt + ncosnt] where p= Ting 5° fe where | apm a- SOLUTION OF SIMULTANEOUS DIFFERENTIAL | LAPLACE TRANSFORMS simultaneous differential equations can also be solved by Laplace Tran: = dy gnample 57. Solve G-+y=0 and “"—x=0-under the condition x( Solution. x ty20 y-x=0 Taking the Laplace transform of (1) and (2) we get [x-x(0)]+¥=0 (9-y)]-¥ =0 On substituting the values of x (0) and y (0) in (3) and (4), we get s¥-1+y=0 sy-x=0 Solving (5) and (6) for ¥ and ¥ we get Onin ‘i “version, we obtain x =cost,y=sintay rues in (3). We Bet pyar- = (=D waa ae a Now de"? axag S Ans, envial equations: pa aveiven thaty 0) =O andy (<4 eet ye er Oe OVO HELE = ie tak ES wer Ore 7 gpa t= wre 8 nittepfetion ie yee On 1 ; _p)-ult-28), yO)= y'O)=0 Ep ye 1") he # capacity Cis charged to potential Fan a li and dischz M ee ote charge 9 at lime ris governed by the dittesess - 2, if poder ae c ace transforms, show that the charge q is given by sre fs CE vty sinnt +ncosnt] where w= ea Hop an 34 sOLUTION OF SIMULTANEOUS DIFFE LAPLACE TRANSFORMS sinutaneous differential equations can also be solved b WM hes dx Example 57. Solve + Y= 0 and 2 =0-under th 1 dt w342e+d cya! ul 1 Solution. x ty=0 yrx=0 atx=0 Ans. See eo j Taking the Laplace transform of (1) and (2) we get Ans. x= 2. —4 e+ c0s21-3aal) [s#-x@]+y¥=0 N=2x(O)=0 — Ansvx= 2 4-28 4821614164 (9-y@]-¥=0 2 On substituting the values of x (0) and y (0) in (3) anc ax Lp aS. =-1 atr1=0 Ans.x=2¢-31e+ 5 Fe = vee a 2 -¥=0 Dy = Oatr=0. se Solving (5) and (6) for ¥ and ¥ we get ar (ts! Ans..x = an cos a (sin nt nt 608 09" = 2 , s4l Onin ‘ Ss ; version, we obtain x=Lt (+) ; sl x=cos ty =sin!8 975 ge nee «et yo =0 ar=0, 4 pa, were de Ant. y= S4in2x— 2 sin x —2Zcosde : 9 ey 22, wherey = 1, Yao, @y eve ae Grr arn 9, AMS Y= OO 6 412) er(1S x24 Te AND A _ given that y'(0) = O and »° (0 : , peeves el an y=—Satget Sem a 0, oe A J re : _ 9. y' (0) =O where rot | wor ( GeeeHostees Ans. yah Leos Re 2p, where 1 8 unit step Funetion nt? avon! Ans, hor i y= ‘sin 21 for t<2 auld 20) 10) = P"O)=O re Ams. y = (14008 1) u(t 2) — (1 — cos u (t~ 2: és G Cis charged to potential E and dischat = acity stged at != 0 through an inductance L and | eke of ca i " at lime is governed by the differential equation =~ 4. a4, piirLek | dt | sce a forms, show that the charge q is given by | agg Ll | 8 e Si | ¢-+ncosnt] where => and CE yy sina 4 stake 10 3! mort sO RANSFORMS janeous differential equations om also be solved by Laplace Transform method. sinul sample 87. Solve N OF SIMULTANEOUS DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS BY Fr y=0 and Goss 0-under the condition x (0)= 1, y (0)= 0 solution. : -x= Taking the Laplace feectoens oF (1) and (2) we get {F-x0)]+P=0 (§-O]-F=0 Onsubsiuting the values of x (0) and y (0) in (3) and (4), we get s¥-14+=0 -¥F=0 Sching (5) and (6) for ¥ and F we get Orinversion, we obtain x= cost, y=sintal whe ? cos2bu du aSVk er a r owe es Wrst, “_ [sna 2bu a JN Jovy 7 pot sid it a we fre b we have jimits 1" Qe int vie ae re i ante Jan Pe ony 2% bu db cer sina du= Vion p (st " 2 We ) lento 2 {i iy, ~—=[*e | “Fes Flere] | arp value ofthe above i integral in & We have in = | po pleas eds = 1-28, é Dmi ve s m2 We | “hers | We Ans, | om Sooo ~ EXERCISE 15.18 [piteimerse ofthe following by convolution theorem 2 1 i Ans. Xf rcosar+ 3a snar] Ans, 1=0sa (t+) a 1 ah : a Ans. $[6-)sine—3rcos/] ress + 2a nthe Laplace transform of the following. 1 Jy (bx) Ans, 6..xJ,(ax) Aus, ——= aFlo) Veta 2asrata ee i) * Gag 1 wa) Ans, ee the inverse Laplace transform of the following by residue method. 1 I al eo 1(é ~sint cost aes Ams. ce Ans, 5(e! -sint—coss) 4s+5 Vs ; mage F Ans, Bele te af it: (t= I cos ¢ Tay Ans. e'(¢— 1) cos wat secu. ea x} seosh fp? 0<*<1 Ao anged sinha 1 aint vs 14, Prove that / Ans, 13 Se Pi et 45.33 HEAVISIDE’S INVERSE FORMULA OF Fs 3) 11 (9 and G (6) be 60 polynomial ins. The deg 3) re Let oi, 09m Ghy Be mt ra eauation G (yf isa Inverse Laplace formula of Gey Baivendy HfAC] Mh <(s) \ atl Za) le 65. Find 1 fee — (aye i — } Example Toy Solution. Let F (5) = 2s? + 5s—4 and G(s) = 5452 25=5(6245 2) = C= 3842-2 Ry G(s) =O has three Toots, 0, 1,~, on = 0, = 1, a, =~2 By Heaviside’s Inverse formula 7 {Fa ae} dale oy et 4 Flea) gs F(03) G(x) G(@,)* See “ayes! Using Heaviside’s expansion formula, sol find the Goa ag ‘Ans.— 204+ 3¢-2 s? 43542 > ep Ana Se a 2s+3 IL lls? =: 3 — ee eft 2545 Teagan as Ee UES 2 oe a‘s) yo = 0 FC a G'(0) Saye 4 Fis) (Rye 4 iad =2+e'~e-2 Laplace transform of “Pt Wing s (S-D(6=2(s=3y Ans, 2 28,3 me ts A te a 4! ee ns, 2¢ ae ‘