Science Class V

SOILS AND PLANTS GROWTH

Q1. Which is the best type of soil?

Ans. Loam is the best type of soil. It has a lot of humus. It does not dry out quickly in hot
weather. Plants grow well in a loam soil. The most fertile loam soils are found under
grasslands and under the forests of oak and beech. These soils take thousands of years to
form and they contain large amounts of humus.
Q2. What is a sandy soil?
Ans. Some soils are made of grains of rock that are just big enough to see. When we rub
the soil between our fingers, we can feel the little grains. This is a sandy soil.

Q3. Why is it very hard work to dig clay soil?

Ans. It is very hard work to dig clay soil, particularly when it is wet. Water does not pass
through a clay soil very easily, so a spadeful of clay soil is heavy.

Q4. True/ False

a) Clay soils are made from pieces of rock so small that cannot be seen. True
b) There is plenty of air in a clay soil. False
c) Sandy soil is easy to dig True
d) Loam soil contains a lot of humus. True
e) If we rub loam soil it feels slippery like soap. False
f) Plants grow well in a loam soil. True
g) Water runs easily through a clay soil. False
h) Soils formed in bogs and marshes are always dry. False
5. Fill in the blanks:
Ans. a) Soil can be divided into three basic types.
b) Sandy soil made of grains of rock that can be felt.
b) Clay soil made from pieces of rock that feels slippery like soap.
c) Loam soil that contains a lot of humus.

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Science Class V
Gravity
Q1. What is gravity?
Ans. Gravity is the force that pulls all objects towards the centre of the Earth.

Q2. Who was Sir Isaac Newton and what did he discover?
Ans. Sir Isaac Newton was a great English scientist and he discovered gravitational force.

Q3. What is weight?

Ans. Weight is the effect of the gravitational force, which acts on per unit of mass. Weight is
measured in Newton.( 1 kg = 9.8N)

Q4. What is meant by air resistance?

Ans. The force which opposes the motion of objects and slows them down as they move
through the air is known as air resistance.

Q5. What is a force?

Ans. A force is a push or pull that an object exerts on another object. This force produces
motion or stops the motion if the object is already moving.

Q6. If you can jump two metres high here, how high would you be able to jump on the moon?
Ans. The Earth’s gravitational force is six times more than that of the moon. If I can jump two
metres high on the Earth’s surface then I would be able to jump twelve metres high on the
moon.
7. Write True or False.
a) Gravity is the force that enables us to keep our feet firmly on the ground. True
b) Gravity helps us floating in space. False
c) Gravity enables us to do all our daily activities such as walking, eating food and drinking
water. True
d) Without gravity we would be able to swallow the food or drink water. False
8. Fill in the blanks:
a) Gravity is the force that pulls all objects towards the centre of the Earth.
b) About three hundred years ago an apple fell from a tree onto the head of Sir Isaac
Newton the great English scientist.
c) It was Sir Isaac Newton who discovered gravity.
d) The athlete jumps up, but is pulled back down to the Earth’s surface by gravity.
e) Galileo dropped balls of different weights from the Leaning Tower of Pisa in Italy.
f) Force generally denotes a push or a pull.

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Science Class V
How does light travel (Pg 42)

Q1. How does light travel?

Ans: The light from a candle flame, an electric light, sun and other light sources is given out in
all directions. It travels in straight lines. For e.g. if a torch is pointed at the ceiling in a darkened
room rays of light can be seen going up to the ceiling in a straight line.

Q2. What is transparent material?

Ans: Light rays pass straight through glass, clean water etc. Materials, which allow light to
travel through them perfectly, are said to be transparent.

Q3. What sort of material can be said to be translucent?

Ans. Some materials let light through, but only in a blurred way. Light can be seen coming
through a tracing paper and many lampshades but not clearly. These materials are said to be
translucent.

Q4. When is a material said to be opaque?

Ans: Materials that do not let light pass through them are known as opaque materials. Wood,
stone and brick are examples of this.

Q5. How are shadows formed?

Ans: Light travels in straight lines. If something gets in the way of rays coming from a light
source, their path is blocked and a dark area is formed. This is a shadow. All materials form
shadows because the materials block some light rays but opaque materials form the deepest
shadows.

6. Fill in the blanks:

a) Light is a form of energy.
b) A candle flame, an electric light, stars, sun and a glow worm all produce light.
c) The light travels at a tremendous speed – about 300,000 km per second.

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