BASICContents —_—_—_—_—_—_—_—_—_—_—_—_———————————— Lesson 1 ] |Lesson 2 “TALKING ABOUT PEOPLE” “TODAY ‘Subject Pronouns Action Verbs Present of Verb Be ‘Third Person Forms: | Afirmative Form ‘Simple Present Negative Form, Affirmative Form , Interrogative Form Negative Form Contractions of Verb Be Interrogative Form ‘Summary ‘Summary Lesson 4 1 6 Lesson 5 “THE LUCKY NUMBER” “A SCHOOL DAY" Cardinal Numbers | School Opjects: ‘Ordinal Numbers Indefinite article “a/an™ Telling The Time ‘There is / There are ‘Summary ‘Summary Lesson 7 3 ] |Lesson 8 “WHAT A FAMILY!" | TONE OR MORE?” Family Relationships Regular Plurals: Possessive Adjectives: Irregular Plurals Days of the Week ‘Countable Season ‘Uncountable nouns: Months of the Year ‘Summary Holidays ‘Summary Lesson 10 45 Lesson Ti “WHAT'S COOKING?” “DAILY SCHEDULE” Food and Drinks Everyday Actions Meals and Eating Habits | Leisure Activities Likes and Dislikes | Frequency Adverbs Recipes and Containers | Object Pronouns: ‘Summary, | Summary Audio Activities Audio Activities 11 6 Lesson 3 “HELLO - GOODBYE” Alphabet ‘Spelling Greetings and Farewels Apologiang and Thanking | Classroom Language ‘Summary 26 21 Lesson 6 "WELCOME HOME" Prepositions of Place Demonstrative Adjectives. faiicoon res of the 36 cums 40 Present and Past Tense Verbs Perticple Verbs Verb Forms Chart | Summary | Audio Activities SZ cates 62 | GETTING TO KNOW EACH OTHER” Simple Present | Yes / No Questions: | Short Answers ‘Summary Audio ActivitiesContents Lesson 13 69 “WHAT CAN YOU TELL ME ‘ABOUT.?" Personal Information Present Tense WH+ Questions ‘Summery Audio Activities Lesson 16 87 “FASHION” Clothes Colors Frequency Adverbs within Descriptions Possessive Pronouns, Genitives Summary Audo Activites Lesson 19 $06 ocean 30 ] 12 “VACATION TIME!” Sample Past Tense Review Used To Memories From the Past ‘Summary Audio Activities Lesson 14 74 "WHAT ARE YOU DOING?” Professions and Occupations Simple Presenl vs. Simple Progressive Form \Verb Review ‘Summary ‘Audio Activities Lesson 17 93 “FAMOUS PEOPLE” Celebrities Appearances Comparatives ‘Superlatives ‘Summary ‘Audo Activities “HEALTHY AND SAFE" Parts of the Body Past Progressive Atfirmative Form Negative Form Interrogative Form Routines and Healty Habits Typical Accidents Surmmary Audio Activities Lesson 15 8 ] “SPARE TIME” ‘Sports and Hobbies Present Progressive ‘Aifiemative Form | Negative Form ‘Summary Audio Activities Lesson 18 “WHAT'S ON?" Simple Past Tense Verbs Afirmative Form: Negative Form Interrogative Form ‘Summary Audio Activities Lesson 2th 18 “FORCES OF NATURE” | Notural Disasters Review of Pas! Progressive ‘Adverbs Summary Audio ActivitiesUCU UT WaT) Lesson 1 “The best way to predict your future is to create it.” 6 Look at the pictures, and identify the different subject pronouns. aah +ean THEY 6 Read the following sentences and fill in the blanks with the correct subject pronoun. 1. ____ ama man. 5,___ isa dog. is a woman 6. ____are good friends. 3.__isa doctor. 7, ___are students. is a teacher. 8, are a team. 5 iLesson 1 Look at the pictures. Write affirmative sentences and negative sentences, using the words in parentheses and the verb to be. lamsmart. lam not smart. (/smart.) (You/ at the office. ) a (He / happy.) —__ x (She/ beautiful.) ge (It/apandabear.) (We/American.)§$ —AA Ss ry - (You/atthe beach.) (They/ students.) Page 2Lesson 1 6 Write the short form (contraction) vam We are They are not You are He is She is not Itis 1am not 6 Read the following sentences and change the affirmative form to interrogative form. 1. 1am late. 2. You are at home. 3. The stores are open today. 4. Sarah is afraid of dogs. 5, Jonas is a musician. 6. It is sunny today. 7. They are married 8, Mei Lan is Japanese. 9. The keys are on the table. 6 ‘Answer the following questions. Write short answers. Are you married? Are you thirsty? Are you a teacher? Is it dark now? ‘Are you afraid of snakes? Are you hungry? Is your car blue? PageLesson 1 Write the correct contraction to complete the sentences below. Use: ‘m not, aren't, isn't. 1. They from Sydney. 2. You in my class. 3. It____five o'clock yet. : 4, The dog black. 5 6 iis 8. The exercises from homework difficult. 9° We very good friends. 10. 1 in the same class as you. e Read the following text. Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verb to be am, is, are, to complete the story. Hello! | Elisa. |__ from Argentina, \ 22 years old and | a student. | live in Buenos Aires, it __a very big city and it beautiful too. Ihave a pet, its name___Rocas, and it small and funny. | love dogs. Jim __ busy now. ~ 1__very well today. She ____ on time for class My hobbies collecting stamps and ' playing volleyball. My father a doctor, and my mother _a lawyer. They ____ excellent professionals. Page 4Summary Lesson 1 Subject Pronouns We use the Personal Subject Pronouns to refer to the person who is doing the action of the verb. A subjective personal pronoun indicates that the pronoun is acting as the subject of the sentence. For example: John is listening to music. He listens to music every day. *In this case, "he" substitutes "John" which is the subject of the sentence. Personal subject pronouns go before the verb: I stay at home every morning. ‘You need another blanket. He wants to buy a new car. She is studying French. It barks a lot. (It is used to refer to things, animals and the weather: It is raining.) We never eat garlic. You read a lot. They are good friends Verb To Be The verb to be is a key verb in English, playing a major part in many types of constructions. it has many usages and meanings, both as a main verb and as an auxiliary verb. It also acts differently in negative sentences and questions. The verbs am / is / are are used with:“A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step.” Lao Tzu Observe the pictures and read the verbs.Lesson 2 6 Write the following verbs in the third person (add -s, -es or -ies). 1. (read) she 5. (finish) he 2. (think) he 6. (cry) she Sey) eeshes es 7. (teach) he. ie 4. (have) he 8. (do) she © ven the verbs to the pictures, then complete the sentences about them. B/41RG 1. He the piano. 2. She a lot of fruits. 3.He____a very big house 4. They basketball, 4) Complete the sentences. Use the verbs from the box. 1. Daniela __speaks four languages. 2, Banks usually ___ at 9:00 in the morning. 3. The Art Museum at 5 o'clock in the afternoon. 4. Gabriela is a teacher. She mathematics to young children. 5. My jobis very interesting. | a lot of people. 6. Olivia her hair every day. 7. Food is not cheap. It a lot. 8. Shoes are expensive. They a lot of money. 9, Water______at 100 degrees Celsius. 10. Monica and | are good friends. | her and she me. Page 7Lesson 2 6 Which is right? Circle the correct answer. Page 8 1. Teresa don't MGeoesiseak four languages. 2. | don't / doesn’t like my job. It's very boring. 3. Dana is a very quiet person. She don’t / doesn’t talk very much 4. My parents don't / doesn’t drink a lot of coffee. They prefer tea. 5. Albert is vegetarian. He don't / doesn’t eat meat. 6. Emma and Steve don’t / doesn’t watch television at night. 7. | don't / doesn’t like Pablo, and Pablo don’t / doesn't like me. 8. The weather is usually nice. It don't / doesn’t rain very often. 9, My father buys the newspaper every day, but sometimes he don’t / doesn’t read it. 10. Vicky lives near us, but we don’t / doesn’t see her very often. Rewrite the following sentences in negative form. Use don’t / doesn't. 1. | play the piano very well.__ don't play the plano very well, 2. Janice plays the guitar very well 3. They know my phone number. 4. We work very hard 5, He has a car. @hYouidoithe sameithingieveryiday, ss eae SO 7. Armando likes to wash the car. 8. Jerry and Nadia know many people.Lesson 2 8 Answer the following questions with true short answers 1, Does Lisa like to read? 2. Do you live in a big city? 3. Does it rain a lot where you live? 4. Do they play cards? 5, Do your parents speak English? 7. Does your brother like football? 8. Do you go to the movies on weekends? 2 ) 6. Do you always get up early? } ; ’ Read the following sentences. Write questions with Do...? and Does... 1. | like chocolate. How about you? __Do you like chocolate? 2. | play tennis. How about you? 3, Paulo plays tennis. How about Lucia?___ 4. You live near here. How about your friends? 5. You speak English. How about your brother?. 6. | do yoga every morning. How about you? 7. Lee often travels on business. How about Henry? 8. | want to be famous. How about you? 9. You work hard. How about Maggie? Page 9Summary Lesson 2 Simple Present Tense We use the simple present for things that are true in general, or for things that happen sometimes or all the time. For example: Like big cities. The stores open at 9 o'clock and close at 5:30. Mario works very hard. We do a lot of different things in our free time. Note: ke | work [ve wateh do ave (kes [works Tes watches © | does J Thas Spelling rules: In simple present tense, with the third person (he, she, it) remember: Add -s to most of the verbs: think-thinks, rain-rains, dance-dances, eat-eats, etc. Add -es after -s/-sh/-ch/-x: pass—passes, wash-washes, teach-teaches, fix-fixes, etc. Verbs ending in consonant and -y, drop the y and add -ies: study-studies, fly-flies, etc. ‘And also: go-goes, do-does. Negative form: The simple present negative is don’t (do not) / doesn’t (does not) + verb (base form). Examples: I don’t like my neighbor. You don't work very hard. She doesn't drink coffee. It’s not true! | don’t believe it! Stuart doesn’t have a sister. Interrogative form: We use do/does in simple present questions + verb (base form). Examples: Do you play blackjack? “No, | don’t.” Do your parents speak French? “Yes, they do.” Does George work in a bank? “Yes, he does.” Does Marian live in Vancouver? “No, she doesn’t.” Page 10Hello - Goodbye! Lesson 3 “many moment of decision, the best thing you can do is the right thing. The worst thing you can do is nothing” ~ Theodore Roosevelt 8 Listen and repeat the alphabet. ABC DEFGHI JKLMNOPOR STUVWKYZ How do you spell your name? How do you spell your last name? 8 Spell the following words: book Mexico sky school yellow birthday cooperation friend lawyer house jacket pharmacy bottle classroom elephant teacheri Lesson 3 6 IN PAIRS. Read the following conversation. Cecilia: Hello, I’m Cecilia, What's your name? Frank: I'm Frank. Frank Bush. Pleased to meet you Cecilia: I'm glad to meet you Frank. How are you? Frank: I'm great! Thanks. How are you? Cecilia: I'm very well, thank you. e Complete the conversation using the 9 words below by filling in the blanks. “Mexico pleased Dallas e ish teacher goodbye morning thanks pretty good How are you see you later Bryan: Good , Ann, ‘Ann: Good morning, Bryan 2 Bryan: I'm fine , and you? Ann: . Bryan, this is my husband Michael, Michael this is Bryan my. Michael: Pleased to meet you Bryan. Bryan: ____ to meet you too. Are you from the U.S. Michael? Michael: Yes, from Dallas. Are you from Dallas, too? Bryan: No, I'm from , but | live in Dallas while | study at college. Ann: Well, Bryan, it was nice to see you. Bryan: Yes, it was nice talking to you, 5 ] Number the sentences from 1 to 5 to order the conversation ___ Joshua: Fine. It’s nice to meet you Laura Joshua: Hi, Holly. I'm very well. How about you? Holly: Hello, Joshua. How are you? Laura: Hello Joshua. How are you doing? Holly: I'm great. Oh, Joshua, this is my friend Laura.Lesson 3 In pairs role-play the following situations (you may exchange names, occupations, cities or anything you want in order to keep practicing) Student A: Hi John. How was your weekend/ vacation? May | introduce myself? My name is. What do you do? Who do you work for? Where are you from? Sorry, what's your name again? What does your company do? Where is your company based? Is this seat taken? Student B: Not bad, thanks. How was yours? Pleased to meet you, I'm I'm an architect/ student | work at.. I'm self- employed. | was born right here in Mazatlan/ I'm from.. It's Smith. Alex Smith. We manufacture office equipment. In Guadalajara, but we also have an office in Puerto Vallarta. Yes, it is. Go ahead. Quite relaxing. | just stayed at home. How about you? Nice to meet you. My name's I work as a nurse in an old people's home. | work for Homex a construction company. | was born in Mexico DF, but | grew up in Veracruz, It’s Christian. C.HR,1,S, TAN. Christian. We specialize in public buildings and infrastructure. Our headquarters is in Monterrey. Sorry, someone is sitting there. Great. | went skiing/swimming. And you? Hi__. i'm I work in the sales department/1 study at... Bimbo. Have you heard of it? Asmalil town in the North of Durango. It's Ronaldo like the soccer player. We mainly deal with restaurant supplies. We have offices in 23 cities in Mexico and abroad. \'m afraid not. | think this one is free, though. Pap 13Lesson 3 eG Read the following “Useful classroom language” a) Can you say that again, please? b) What does that mean? c) How do you pronounce this word? d) What are we supposed to do? e) How do you spell that? ) What do you have for number _? — g) Can you explain that again, please? h) How much time do we have? 6 Complete the conversation with the questions from activity 7 Rose: What Peggy: We have to go over our answers together. Then we can go through the discussion questions. Rose: Can sme nd Pegey: Sure. We compare our answers as a group. Then we discuss these questions. pisces Ohyiecenthanks.How Yarik: About five minutes. What i 2 Rose: | wrote “alone”. Peggy: Me, too. How about you, Yarik? Yarik: |wrote “co...," urn, “coop..."How Rose: Cooperation. Peggy:l'm sorry. Can__ Rose: Cooperation. Peggy: | don't know that word. What Yarik: \t means “working together.” Peggy: Oh, good answer! How a 2 Yarik: It's C-0-0:P-E-R-A-T--O-N. Page 14nies Lesson 3 When meeting someone for the first time, we can say: What's your name? (The answer could be “My name is...” /“'m...") Nice to meet you (The answer could be “Nice to meet you too” / “Same here") Pleased to meet you (The answer could be “’m glad to meet you") How are you? (The answer could be “i'm good” / ‘Fine, thank you" / “Fine, thanks”) How about you? (The answer could be ‘Pretty good” / ‘I'm OK" / ‘Ail right” / “Very well”) Nice meeting you (to say good-bye to someone you've just met for the first time) Greetings Farewells Hil Good bye Hey! Good night Hello Take care Good morning So long Good afternoon Bye! Good evening See you Good/Nice to see you (to someone you already know) Thanking Thanks! Thank you Thank you very much Thanks a lot That's very kind of you I'm very grateful to you Thank you. | really appreciate it See you later See you soon Apologies Sorry! I'm sorry I'm really sorry I'm very sorry Excuse me... | beg your pardon... | apologize | do apologize Please forgive me! Pape 15“Even if you are on the right track, you will get run over if you just sit there.” ~ Will Rogers. 8 Read the cardinal numbers. 6 Match each number with the corresponding written form. (_) eighty six thousand one hundred thirty Page 15 a) 33 ates (___) seven hundred ninety nine Eire (_)fifty nine (_) three million eight hundred fifty four thousand nine d) 799 hundred seventy six e) 2,371 (_4_) thirty three | f) 86,130 (__) four hundred sixteen thousand five hundred eight | g) 416,508 (__) one hundred sixty three | h) 3,854,976 (__.) two thousand three hundred seventy oneLesson 4 86 Read the following numbers and then write the number underneath the corresponding figure Ist 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th 7th 8th 9th 10th 11th 12th 13th 14th 15th 16th 17th 18th 19th 20th 30th 40th 50th GOth 70th 80th 90th 100th 1,000th 6 Write the combination for each of the following ordinal numbers. 49th. 84th. 22nd. 53rd. 71st.Lesson 4 What time is it? | How to read the clock Examples: 6:45 It's a quarter to seven. 9:00 It’s nine o'clock. 11:10 It's ten past eleven: 2:25 It's twenty-five past two. 4:30 It's half past four. 5:55 It's five to six. 520 alt pasts Page 18Lesson 4 6 Circle the correct spelling option. 68 a) Sixtieight b) Sixty eight c) Syxti eigh 44 a) Forty foor b) Forti four c) Forty four 569 a) Five hundred sixty nine —_b) Fifth hundred sixth nine _c) Five hundred sixteen 109 a) One hundred nineteen _b) One hundred ninth c) One hundred nine 312 a) Tree hundred twelve b) Three hundred twelve _c) Three hundred twelf 99 a) Ninety nine b) Nineteen ninth c) Ninety nineteen 55 a)Fifteen five b) Fifth fifteen ©) Fifty five 138 a) One hudred thirty eighth b) One hundred thirty eight _c) One hundred thirty eighty eG Ask four people in the room the following questions and at the end write the answers of one of them. What is your name ? When is your birthday ? What is your phone number ? What is your address ? —_.._ @ What's the sum of 345,000 + 672,000? Ld Page 19Summary Clock Times Lesson 4 When you want to know the time at the moment you are speaking, you say “What time is it?” or “What's the time?” What time is it? —Three minutes past five (5:03) What's the time now? —Twenty past (2:20) When asking about the time of an event, you usually use “wh When did you come? - Just after lunch You can also say “What time.” “What time did you get back to London?” —Ten o’clock “What time do they close?” —Half past five Times 04:00 a.m. Four in the morning four o'clock 09:00 a.m. Nine in the morning nine o'clock 12:00 ‘Twelve in the morning Noon/Midday 12:15 Quarter past twelve ‘Twelve fifteen 02:25 a.m. ‘Twenty-five past two Two twenty-five 11:30 a.m. Half past eleven Eleven thirty 12:45 a.m. Aquarter to one Twelve forty five 07:50 a.m. Ten to eight Seven fifty 16:00 p.m. Four in the afternoon 21:00 p.m. Nine in the evening 00:00 Midnight Twelve at night 00:15 A quarter past twelve 14:25 p.m. ‘Twenty five minutes past two 23:30 p.m. Eleven and a half 00:45 p.m Quarter to one 19:50 p.m. Ten minutes to eight four o'clock nine o'clock twelve twelve o'clock fifteen past twelve two twenty five eleven thirty twelve forty-five seven fiftyA School Day Lesson 5 @ we things do you usually find in a school? Read the following examples. a cat a aan a crayon aruler ateacher a backpack aboard — acumputer — adesk © sharpener anapple —_a notebook adictionary a pen apencil astudent —aneraser an umbrella e Label each picture using the indefinite article a, an + the words from the box.Lesson 5 { Read the following sentences, find the mistakes, and rewrite using the correct indefinite article a / an. Some sentences are already correct. Junior is a electrician Junior is an electrician. Mexico is an large country. es Nate in i ! Isabel is a honest girl It's an easy language. An spider has eight legs, I need a English dictionary, fRookiitisralhelicoptera aan Have an nice day! Fae ee Baw Britain is an island It’s a ugly house. ae ee ; e Look at the following scene. Read the sentences that describe the people and the things in the classroom, then match the numbers to them ___ There is a board in the classroom. _— There are four tables in the classroom. __ There are three kids reading books. — There is a rug on the floor. © There is a book case in the classroom. __ There is a boy sitting by the window. There is a teacher in the classroom. ___ There are four children making drawings. 1 Page 22Lesson 5 Look at the picture. Use the words from the box to describe the scene. Make sentences using There is / There are. 1, There is a turtle in the classroom Row oN Aw Change the affirmative sentences in exercise 5 into questions. 1, _ Is there a turtle in the classroom? 5. 2. 6. 3h 7. 4._ 8. Page 23Lesson 5 e Change the following false sentences to the negative form There is not / There isn’t, or There are not / There aren't. There are fourteen crayons in the box ‘There are six books on the table. There is a dolphin in the picture. There is a letter in the page. There are two cups on the table, ——A$ There is a star in the picture. SCBEDM &- Page 2tiene: Lesson 5 Indefinite Articles You use A / An when you are talking about a person or a thing for the first time. They are called Indefinite articles and you use them with singular count nouns. Examples: She has a book. We need an umbrella for the rain. I'm eating a cookie. You use a in front of words beginning with consonant sound. You also use a in front of words beginning with the u sound. Examples: a writer atree a universe unicorn You use an in front of words beginning with vowel sounds. You also use an in front of words beginning with h when it is not pronounced. Examples: an orange an angel an honest man an honor an hour We use a / an to mean “one” in front of some numbers and units of measurement. Example: Give me a kiss, I want an apple.Welcome Home 6 Lesson “Your aspirations are your possibilities.” ~ Samuel Johnson. oe Look at the picture anc(GirclOthe parts of the house you identify in the description below. In pairs ask and answer questions about the position of the furniture in the house. This is my sister's house. There are three floors in the house. On the first floor, there's the bathroom, the kitchen, and a little hall. On the second floor, there’s the living room and another bathroom. On the third floor there’s a studio. In the living room there is a coffee table between the sofa and the bookshelf, and in the kitchen the fridge is next to the stove. In the first bathroom there is a bathtub below the window; in the second bathroom the shower is beside the bathroom sink. The computer is on the desk in front of the chair. The garden is behind the house, and your house? How is it?Lesson 6 e Look at the picture in the previous page and in pairs ask each other the following ques tions, and when you finish, write the best possible answer to each of the questions. 1. Where is the red sofa? 2. Where is the fridge? 3. Where are the books? 4. Where are the plants? 5. Where is the clock? 6. Where is the toilet? 8 Look at the picture. Fill in the blanks with the correct preposition of place, to complete the sentences. 1. The clock is the wall. 2. The ball is the table. 3. The cat is the armchair. 4. The table is asd the chair. 5. The rug is the floor, 6. The lamp is the table. 7. The flowers are the vase. 8. The table is the chair and the armchair. 9. The book is____ tthe table. 10. The chair is the table. Page 27Lesson 6 6 Look at the pictures and write 5 complete sentences indicating the location of the mouse using the words from the box. on at in beside under next to between Atthecinema © athome = atthe zoo_-—at work. at the theater at school behind in front of Our is bel x & Se = eek Ne Page 28Lesson 6 6 Write the plural form of the following sentences. 1. This is your book. 2. That flower is expensive. 3. That's my house, 4. This is Jack's shoe. 5. That is a big house. 6. That man is my cousin. 7. This apple is green. 8. Look at that yellow flower! 6 Read the sentences to find the mistakes, and rewrite the statements correctly. 1. That bags are expensive. 2. That are bananas. 3. Give me those shirt. 4. This potatoes aren't cooked. Page 29Titel ed Lesson 6 Demonstrative Adjectives near far this that i these those These are oranges, —___,Lesson 7 “Your goals are the road maps that guide you and show you what is possible for your life” ~ Les Brown. My Family Jack Henry 6 Look at the picture and read the paragraph below then identify each family member. Jack is married to Alice. She is his wife and he is her husband. They have a daughter and a son. The son's name is Henry and the daughter’s name is Lisa. They live next to Alice’s parents, Harry and Marjorie, Harry is Alice’s father and Marjorie is her mother. Harry is Jack's father-in-law and Marjorie is his mother-in-law. Henry is Harry's grandson and Lisa is Marjorie’s granddaughter. Page 31Lesson 7 e Look at the pictures, read the sentences and write the corresponding family relationship. George Pam Sis Peter Johnny Carol = y a j Francis This is me and this is my family MeaThisitsGeorge:'Heismy_ 2.This is: Johnny. He is my _ 3. This is Peter. He is my z 4. This is Francis. She is my 5, This is Carol. She is my \ ~— 6. This is Pam. She is my g 7. This is Susan. She is myLesson 7 86 Read the lines below and write the days where they correspond - The first day of the weekend is. The day after Monday is. The first day of the work week is. . The day after Tuesday is. The last day of the work week is. . The day after Friday is. . Church is usually on this day. . The day before Friday is. Pw OvYnnpwone What day is before Tuesday? 6 Match the seasons to their corresponding picture. Winter Summer Fall Spring Page 33Lesson 7 e Unscramble the Months of the Year. 1 TEBMEESPR LIPAR NEUJ GUSATU YAM 727 F wD RAMHC, 10. 11 12. ULJY YRAURBEF BERVONEM TOROBEC NURYJAA MCEBEDER 6 ‘Ask different people to answer when the following holidays and respond with the month that corresponds. (Not all the months have to be used.) When is fc Christmas. St Valentine’s Day Easter Sunday Halloween Mexican Independence Day USA Independence Day Mexican Revolution Mother’s Day Father’s Day New year's Day . /Itison January February March April May June July August September October November Decemberabi Lesson 7 ear: at My bananas His bananas Your bananas Her bananas Its bananas Our bananas Their bananasOner or More? Lesson 8 “Genius is one percent inspiration and ninety-nine percent perspiration.” ~ Thomas Alva Edison. w@ Look at the items below and circle the objects which you consider are COUNTABLE. ‘% & e Complete the sentences using the words in the box. Sometimes the word needs to be plural (-s), and sometimes you need to use 0/an. air patience day — person _ friend picture joke © meat © umbrella_—language . I had my camera, but | didn't take any _ Pictures . There are seven in a week. . A vegetarian is a person who doesn't eat . Luis is not very good at telling . Last night | went out with some of my . There are very few in the plaza today. The shops are almost empty. 7. _\'m going out for a walk. | need some fresh : AaPrFwNneE 8. Bob always wants things quickly. He doesn't have much . 9. | think it's going to rain. Do you have I could borrow? 10. Do you speak any foreign6 Write a singular and a plural sentence using the words next to each picture. a abe <%, £ w a Child Person Man. Woman Foot Mouse Goose Tooth Lesson 8 Page 37Lesson 8 Fill in the blanks using “Some” of the words provided, in Countable nouns / Uncountable nouns / or both. pencils advise equipment noise hair room, rooms shoes bread apples _ money. ‘There are only three for the pie. (Countable/plural) She has a great deal of in the closet. (Countable/plural) Do we have enough to make five sandwiches? (Uncountable) Hotel One has so many__ that after a night out with my girlfriend, | got lost. (Both) There was no left for me in my friend’s new car, so | followed him (Both) on my motorcycle. There is so much ____in my hotel room that | can’t fall asleep. (Both) Before firemen get onto their trucks they need to check their. (Uncountable) The President of the Company that | work for, gives me good i (Uncountable) We need___ to do the exam correctly. (Countable) Politicians waste a lot of on their campaigns to get elected. (Uncountable) There was a in the pizza we ordered, so we called the pizza parlor to complain. (Both)pchcsenai Lesson 8 Countable nouns Nouns referring to things which can be counted. They have two forms: singular or plural. The plural form usually ends in “-s” Examples: CHAIRS, CUPS, MARKERS, BOOKS, etc. Uncountable nouns Nouns which refer to things such as substances, qualities, feelings, and types of activity, rather than to individual objects or events. These nouns have only one form. Examples: AIR, MONEY, LOVE, COFFEE, etc. Both (countable and uncountable) Sometimes, the same noun can be countable and uncountable, often with a change of meaning. Regular plurals The following table shows the basic ways of forming the plurals of count nouns. Page 39Verb Madness ca “The results you achieve will be in direct proportion to the effort you apply.” ~Denis Waitley. 6 In the spaces at the right, list the action verbs in each of the following sentences. 1. The bank has only 500 accounts. has 2. 339 people stayed in this hotel last night. 3. | always answer exams correctly. 4, My father isn’t eating at the table right now. 5. I haven't gone to the movies this month 6 Fill in the following sentences with the correct form of the verb. 1. The students ‘school every day. a) attend b) attends c) attending d) attended 2. My mom. me a cake for my last birthday. a) bake b) bakes c) baking d) baked 3. The teacher is my exam, |'m a bit nervous. a) check b) checks c) checking 1d) checked 4, The wedding organizer _4¢09rated the garden for the wedding, a) decorate b) decorates c) decorating d) decorated 5. My brother____my grandma very often a) visit b) visits c) visiting d) visited 6. Mom always _ at 6:00am. a) get up. b) gets up c) getting up d) gotten up 7. Have you the Liberty statue? a) see b) sees ©) seeing d) seen 8.We are _—sour uniforms tomorrow. a) wear b) wears ©) wearing d) worn 9.Doyou______acar? a) drive b) drives c) driving d) driven 10. Katy Perry hasn't in Mazatlan a) sing ) sings ©) singing d) sung Page 40| ao Lesson 9 8 Write the verb in the tense asked. Example: Allow allows Go Oper Fa ‘Answer Have sont ‘Pasty (Past participle) Ask Hear ‘Past paricey Past parce) Attend Keep peony at Bake Open —— SS PrentparaT Fro Be Pick Peat Present pate) Begin Put Past party Fa Check Read Past para) Preset pare) Come See. reno) ast party Dance ‘Shower enon) peso Decide Sign ‘Present parte) ‘Preset partay Decorate Sing penny perma) ieee Sen Sit Pa Past parley Bre Spend Post Parco} wad Baie Stay Pas Frey a Take ‘Preset par ‘Preset partaay Enjoy Videotape Past parte) (eat Partay TO Be Visit ‘Present partie) Presa pase) ‘i Get es Wear Pad Postpone) eet ups Work Past parce) Fey Page 41Lesson 9 6 Complete the verb chart using the table in the summary to guide you. allows allowing LN SANNA HLA LAAN MAINTAINending in “sh” ending in “ch” fending in “ss” ‘ending in *-x° fending in *-2" ending in *.0" ending in *-e" ending in “ie” ending in consonant +"y" one syllable ending in single vowel + consonant ‘ending in “ic” Base form join finish reach pass buzz echo dance tie change “y" to “ies ory dip panic traffic "5" form: adds" joins add 65" finishes reaches asses mixes buzzes echoes dances ties dips panics tratfics “Jing’'form of Past form and past the participle present parti- ciple adding” add “ed” Joining joined finishing finished reaching reached passing passed mixing mixed buzzing buzzed echoing ‘echoed omit "6" before adding “ing” or “ed dancing danced change “ie to" omit "before before adding “ing ‘adding "ed" tying tied change “y" to “ied” erying cried double final consonant before adding “ing” or “ed” dipping dipped ‘add *K" before adding “ing” or “ed” panicking, panicked trafficking trafficked,Audio Activities Lesson 9 Verb Madness A. Listen to the verbs and number them as you hear them. B. Listen to the verbs again and repeat them. C. Listen to some verb-spelling and write them down. 6. 7 8. 9. 10. Sree e nae D. Write the verbs as you hear the dictation. il, dn 13. 14. 18x 16. . Ltr 18. 19; Ae eae 20. SPN AA wreWhat's Cooking? Lesson 10 “Genius is one percent inspiration and ninety-nine percent perspiration.” ~ Thomas Alva Edison. e Look at the pictures. CR your favorite foods and drinks, and complete the chart below. e Now, compare your lists with a classmate in the same way. Example: “I like milk and bread for breakfast and at lunch time..." 6 Pair work. Ask your classmate the following questions, write his /her answers, then tell the class about your classmate’s eating habits. 1, Do you have snacks between meals? 2. What do you have for breakfast? 3. What vegetables do you like more? 4. Do you prefer tea or coffee? 5. Do you eat fish at least once a week? 6. Does your family have meals together at é least once a day? 7. Does your family watch TV during meals?Lesson 10 So Look at the pictures and match the food and “portions that correspond “(a piece of, rolls of, slice of, a /an and some). Sausage Pizza Tacos Sushi Coffee Pancakes Fish and chips Hamburger Pretzel See s &D @S & =Lesson 10 é Follow the following instructions Roleplay the following situation: ‘A; Welcome to Joe's Burguers what would you like to order? B: | would like to get a double cheeseburger. ‘A: Would you like everything on it? B: | would like everything on it, thank you. A: Do you want any fries? B: Let me get some large curly fries A: Can | get you anything to drink? B: Sure, how about a medium Pepsi? A: Is that everything? B: That'll be all. Thanks. A: You're welcome, and your total is $5.48. B: Thank you. Here you go. e Read the conversation: Beth: _ How about some potato soup? Joseph: Potato? That sounds delicious! | love potatoes. Beth: Are there any potatoes on the shelf? Joseph: Yes, there are. Beth: And, do we have tomatoes? Joseph: Of course, there are many tomatoes in the fridge. PAIR WORK. Role-play a conversation. Use the recipes.Lesson 10 eG Makeyourownrecipe, write down the ingredients and the procedure. “My recipe is for my grandmother's chicken soup. It’s very good. .." a) b) d) e) °) oeSimple Present Affirma’ I You We They He / She / It Negative I You We They He / She / It Interrogative Do Does go to work get up goes gets up do not 0 to work (don't) get up does not go to work (doesn’t) get up you ve have a shower they he / she / it have a shower at 8:00 o'clock at 8:00 o'clock at 8:00 o'clock at 8:00 o'clock everyday? everyday?Summary Lesson 10 LL We use the simple present for things that are true in general, or for things that happen sometimes or all the time. For example: | like big cities. She studies English. Mario works very hard. For the third person (he, she, it), note these different spellings: Add -s to the verb: reads, likes, works, lives. Add -es after -s, -sh, -ch, -x, -o, z: passes, finishes, watches, fixes, goes, does, buzzes. Verbs ending in consonant + -y: _ study=studies, try=tries, cry=cries. Verb “have”: has. Vocabulary meat chicken fish cheese eggs vegetables fruit salad milk tea coffee juice soda chocolate candy potato chips bread seafood dairy nuts seaweed cucumber seeds honey cereals french fries hamburger peas beans onion lemon apple orange bananas tomato potato pepper snacks meals soup Page 50Audio Activities Lesson 10 The Shopping List A. Read the situation, then listen to a conversation about a dinner. “It's Friday afternoon and Edward's boss is coming for dinner tomorrow. Edward and his wife Vivian are at the supermarket deciding what to buy for that important dinner." B.Listen to the conversation again, then UNDERLINE the words you hear and finally IRCLE)the ones you don't hear. C. Listen again and answer the next questions about the conversation. 1. What doesn’t Edward's boss like eating? 2. Who prepares dinner? 3. Does Edward's boss like pasta? 4. What happens when the boss drinks coffee? 5. Does Edward's boss eat meat? Daily Routine A. Listen to a brief story about Mr. Smith's daily routine. B. Listen again and complete the gaps. Mr. Smith is a bus driver. Everydayhe_______at 7:00. a.m. He his breakfast, and_____ on his uniform. His wife himtothe stationwherehe_____inwith his supervisor. Then, he on Bus #405 and starts the engine. He ____out the parking lot and begins his route. At his first stop, he ____up Mrs, Miller, who lives in a red house on the corner of Main Street and Seventh Avenue. She at the post office and has to be at work by 9:00. At the next stop, the Bartlett twins get on the bus. They ____ class at Bayside Elementary. More children get on at the next three stops, until the bus reaches their school. Mr. Smith seeing the kids every day and is happy to them again in the afternoon when he drives them safely back home. Page 51Daily Schedule Lesson 11 | “The way to get started is to quit talking and begin doing.” ~Walt Disney. @ Look and repeat these daily home activities. A ps! : 2. get dressed 3. brush teeth 4. combibrush hair ry 4 6 put on makeup 7. eat breakfast 8. come home 9. make dinner 10. get undressed —_11., take a shower/a bath 12. watch TV 6 Write a paragraph about the actions you do every day. Start like this: “Everyday, | get up and get dressed, then...”Lesson 11 6 Now look at the pictures. Label each one with the words from the box. have breakfast take a shower ta get up read the paper oe Read the following model conversation to help you describe your daily activities. Ann: Are you a morning person or an evening person? Charles: Me? I'm definitely an evening person Ann: Why do you say that? Charles: Well, | get up after ten, and | go to bed after two. What about you? Ann: \'m a morning person. | get up at six. Now, compare your daily activities with a classmate. Use the guide, or create a new conversation. ‘A: What do you do in the morning? B; In the morning, | always i What about you? ‘A: Well, | sometimes Page 53Lesson 11 Look at the pictures about household and leisure activities. Describe your O xz: in a discussion. J.wash the dishes 2 clean the house 3.do the laundry 4. take out the garbage : “ee | 5. go shopping 6. exercise 7. take a nap 8. listen to music 9. read 10. play soccer 11. check e-mail eo Askaroundtheclassroom the following questionsandwritedowntheanswers, likethis: How often do you travel? | always travel to the beach on spring break. How often do you travel? _—_____ How often do you practice sports? How often do you wake up in the middle of the night? How often do you listen to music? How often do you go to the dentist? How often do you read? How often do you go to church? How often do you go to the shopping mall? How often do you go to the doctor? How often do you eat fast food? How often do you say "I Love you" to How often do you have English classes? your parents? jected 6 ILE ot a ——____________________ How often do you go out with your friends? How often do you take your English book to school? How often do you go to the movies? Page 64Lesson 11 eG Read the following conversation and practice. Samantha: Do you know Andy Gomez? Henry: Samantha: Henry: Samantha: Now fill in the bl Sure, he works in the desk beside me. | talk with him every day. Why? Oh, nothing. | want him to help me with some reports, that's all. have his phone number, call him! : Ok, thanks. janks with the correct object pronouns, to complete the conversation. me, you, it, them, etc. Penny: Tyler: Penny: Tyler: Penny: Tyler: Penny: Tyler: Penny: Tyler: Penny: Hey Tyler, do you like lemons? Yes, | really like _them ‘And, do you like rice? Sure, | like And, how about chicken? Yes, | like that too. Why do you ask 2 | want to make “Lemon-Chicken” for dinner. Sounds great! Are you going to invite ? Of course | want to invite Perfect! I'll see tonight. Bye, see you. Page 55Lesson 1 1 8 Look at the pictures and read the sentences. Then fill in the blanks with the object Pronouns in the box. her us you him them | know Mario. Mario knows _meé_. & We know Mario, Mario knows ¥ ti: You know Mario Mario knows _ A He knows Mario. Mario knows ; S| She knows Mario. Mario knows hi They know Mario. Mario knows fei © Unscramble the elements to form sentences. Use the correct punctuation and capitalization 1. much / she / loves / very / you . 2. they / English / us / to / speaking / are 3.. for / these / them / are / postcards 4. 1 / him / know / but / 1 / his / name / remember / can't 5. invited / we / her / stay / to / home / our / at / us / with Page 58bathe Lesson 11 Frequency Adverbs 70% Usually 50% Often Sometimes. Occasionally, To talk about how often you do something, follow this pattern: Affirmative | usually play soccer on Saturday. She always eats pizza on Sunday. Paul and Mary never have hamburgers. ‘Yes/No questions. Does Emily sometimes go shopping? Do you often go for a walk on Sunday? Do they occasionally play tennis? Questions with How ofter ES How often do your friends go to the movies? How often does Timmy go skiing?Summary Lesson 11 Use the following phrases as time markers: Every week, every month, every day, every year. Once a week, twice a month, three times a day, four times a year, etc. With a phrase, follow this pattern: We go swimming four times a week The frequency adverbs (always, never, usually, etc.), usually go before the verb. Examples: | always go to work by car. Megan often plays tennis. You never look unhappy. NOTE: With the verb TO BE, the frequency adverbs go after the verb. Examples: | am never sick. (not | never am sick) They are usually at home in the evening. You are always late. When | was a child, | was always late for school.Summary Lesson 11 Object Pronouns Object pronouns are used instead of object nouns, usually because we already know what the object is. Examples: ; My friend’s name is Hyun Ju. | really like her. | like this book. | read it every day. Sometimes there are two objects: a direct object, and an indirect object. The pronouns are the same: The indirect object can come after the verb:Audio Activities An interview A. Read the situation, then listen to an interview. “Mary works as a receptionist in a hotel. She sometimes works days and sometimes works nights, She usually works eight-hour shifts but she never works more than 30 hours a week because she is studying in the afternoon. We asked her a few questions to know more about her job”. ten to the interview again, then UNDERLINE the words you hear and finally IRCLE)the ones you don't hear. C. Listen again and answer the next questions about the interview. 1. _ How do they welcome the guests? 2. What time is the check-in? 3. Do they make any exceptions for hotel check-outs? 4. What other additional services does Mary offer at the hotel? 5. Does Mary like her job?Audio Activities Lesson 11 D. Complete the gaps as you listen to the conversation again. Interviewer: Hello, can you 1 of your activities at the hotel? Mary: Well, one important thing we 2 is always welcoming guests with a smile! Interviewer: That's true! 3 us more! Ma 4______, we check guests in and out. Interviewer: What are the check-in and check-out times here? Mary: The check-in time is 5 at 12:00 PM. and the checkout is usually at four, but 6 we make exceptions,depending on the arrangements of some companies with the hotel manager. Interviewer: What other things 7____part of your job? Mary: Very 8 Ihave to do some additional services, like, ordering newspapers or taxis for the guests. Interviewer: Do you 9 your job ? Mary: Yes, | love it! Although 10_____——__the night shift can be tiring, working with people is 11 rewarding! E. Classify the words you hear in the gaps in the chart below.CT ROM Uae Melis Lesson 12 “The will to win is important, but the will to prepare is vital.” ~Joe Paterno e IN PAIRS, ask and answer the following questions. Use short answers: Yes, | do / No, | don't. Do you live near here? Do your parents speak English? Do you play the piano? Do you like fish? Do you like to go to the movies? Do you have brothers and sisters? Do you work/study hard? Do you have pets? Do you like chocolate? Do you watch TV every day? 6 Read the following model conversation Veronica: Veronica: Nina: Veronica: Nina: Veronica: Nina: Do you live in an apartment? No, | don’t. | live in a house. Does your house have a backyard? Yes, it does. My house has a big backyard. And tell me, do you live in a house too? No, | don’t. | live in an apartment. Does your sister live with you? Yes, she does. My sister lives with me. Do you two have a good relationship? Yes, we do. We have a great relationship! Sounds fantastic! 6 PAIR WORK. Now exchange personal information about you, your home, your school, your family, etc. Use the guide, or create a new conversation. Use long answers. (Ex.: Yes, Ido. Ilive in a house. / No, I don't live in an apartment.) Page 62Bill: Helen: Bill: Helen: Bill: Helen: Bill: Helen: Bill: Helen Bill: Helen: Bill: Helen: Bill: Helen: a mornings. He has a dog. Bill Helen: Lesson 12 Read the following conversation. Fill in the blanks correctly by using: yes, no, do, don't, does, doesn't Helen, you like music? Yes, | . | like music very much. | often listen to the radio after lunch. After lunch, | usually go to work. you go to work on Friday? 1 | never go to work on Friday. | go to school on Friday. ____you study hard at school? a | study very hard. | speak spanish and read Italian magazines at school. you? you speak Spanish? you speak Italian too? a] don't speak Italian. you always drive to work? A . | usually walk your parents often watch television? , they. . They often watch television. My uncle George enjoys watching television. he ever read English magazines? he He likes English magazines. He reads the magazines in the bus. it rain much in England? Oh it _ It rains a lot in England. But, it rain much in Spain. Uncle George ever smoke a pipe? he ____. He never smokes. He plays tennis in the the dog eat a lot of meat? it . The dog prefers to eat bread and cookies. Page 63PAIR WORK. Use the following vocabulary to make oral questions to interview your classmate. Write short and long answers. Start like this: “Do you like onions? No, I don’t. | don't like onions.”Lesson 12 6 Change the following sentences into questions, and write short answers. 1 % 10. a, i 13 14, ve \ like big cities. Doyou like bigcities? Yes, Ido /_No, Idonot Mario works very hard. Julia never eats breakfast. My father always drinks coffee at night. The earth goes around the sun. It doesn’t rain a lot in summer. You never wash the dishes. My parents live in Boston. Adam plays the piano very well. You do the same thing every day. Jenny doesn’t do her job very well. | do yoga every morning. You live near here. I usually go to work by car. Matt knows how to drive. ike big cities. Do you like big cities? ~¥es, | do,Summary Lesson 12 Simple Present: Yes/No questions and short answers. Interrogative Short answers EZ: -75 For short answers to questions containing a form of do, re-use the same form: Does your sister study architecture? Yes, she does. Do your parents like to go to the movies? No, they don't. Page 66Audio Activities Lesson ta Pick up lines “A pick-up line is a conversation opener with the intent of engaging an unfamiliar person for humor, romance or dating”. A. Listen to some pick-up lines and repeat them. B. Listen again and cross-out the mistake in them. (Some may have two mistakes). EX: Do you come here often? 1. Do you have some raisins? No? How about a cake? 2. Do you has a map? Because | just keep on going lost in your eyes. 3. Do you have a time... to write down his number? 4. Do you have a name or | can call them mine? 5. Do you mind if | finish this sentence in a proposition? 6. Do you believe in Santa Claus? Do you think that if | am well this year, he'll send you my stockings this year? 7. Do you like someone else in here? No? Well, | think you are stuck with me! 8. Does God knows you've escaped from Heaven? 9. Do | know John? No? That's a shame! I'd sure like to! C, Listen again to check your answers.Audio Activities Lesson 12 Lives D. Read the questions presented. E, Listen to 4 people talking about their families. F Listen a second time and answer the questions about each one using short answers. #1 1. Does he live with his wife? 2. Does he have any children? 3. Does the girl love her grandfather? #2 1. Does he live with his girlfriend? 2. Does he have a brother? 3. Do his parents work? #3 1. Does she have any sisters? 2. Does she like her brother? 3. Does she see her father? #4 1. Do they live with their friends? 2. Do the grandparents work? 3. Do the parents spend time together? G. Listen again to verify your answers9 What can you fell me about. Lesson 13 “Courage is what it takes to stand up and speak; courage is also what it takes to sit down and listen.” ~ Winston Churchill Read the questions and interview a classmate, then tell your class all about your classmate. 1. What's your name? 2. Where are you from? 3. Where do you live? 4. What do you do? 5. What do you like to eat? 6. Who is your favorite singer? 7. How do you usually get to work/school? “...Brian is from Australia, he likes to play. 8. Which color do you prefer, black or white? 9. What kind of movies do you like? 10. When do you go to the movies? 11. When do you clean your room? 12. When do you take English classes? 13. Where do your parents live? 14. How do you prefer to travel, by plane or by car? 15. What do you do in your free time? 16. When do you have vacations? 17. Who do you like more, a funny person or a serious person? 18. What time do you get up? 19. How often do you do the laundry? Page 69Lesson 13 6 Read the following postcard and answer the questions with complete answers. Hi! V'm Lars. 'm 19 years old and I'm from Copenhagen. ‘My hobbies are skiing and tennis and Hove watching TV. | usually go skiing on Saturdays. | have three sisters, Birgit, Mathilde and Magda. | ama student at the University of Copenhagen. Write to me and tell me about you. Lars. 1. What's the writer's name? 2. How old is he? 3. Where is he from? 4. What does he do in his free time? 5. Does he have brothers and sisters? 6. What does he do for a living? @ Write a Postcard to Lars, tell him about you and what you like to do... HiLars, tm and Ilivein Page 70Lesson 13 oe Complete the sentences with the correct question word. do you live? In Morelia does Eloy play billiards? Twice a week. is your house from school? About 3 blocks away. is Monse crying? Because her cat died today. do you travel to school? By bus. ______ do they do their homework? On Sunday evenings. wal is your favorite actress? Angelina Jolie! _____ does Gerardo go to bed? Usually at 11.00 p.m » is the capital of Sonora? Hermosillo, | think. o> - 6. Zi 8. Page 76Lesson 14 Look at the pictures and read the conversation. What's happening? Write a short commentary. Donna: Chris: Donna: Chris: Donna: Chris: Donna: It’s a beautiful day for the parade here in Pasadena. Yes, it is, Donna. A perfect day! The sun is shining, very warm... Here comes the next float. Look at that! It’s the local school district. They are wearing fantastic costumes. Fabulous colors: yellow, red, green, black. And listen to that music! Yes, the band is playing Calypso music. It’s great music from the Caribbean. The children are dancing to the music. They're great dancers! The public just loves these children. Now, everyone's dancing and clapping. Listen to that! and here comes the next float. It’s a marching band. They're wearing. GROUP DISCUSSION: Do you like parties? Why or why not? With your group, imagine that you're in a part ; describe the actions that everyone is doing. Then, tell your class about the party. Example: “Sue and Ryan are dancing, Peter is drinking a Page 77Present Progressive Affirmative Subject ry verb “he!” Main verb + \ am¢m) arene You are (‘re) ee ariand Sel are re) Susan having dinner. He ; The dog Eo) I'm having dinner. You're watching TV. John and | are going out tonight. Negative ‘Subject Auxiliary verb “oe"" Not Contraction Main verb + ! am (‘m not) You (Cre not / aren't) Mary and Sall are o seeaterae. not (aren't) having dinner. Susan He is (‘s not / isn't) The dog I'm not having dinner. You're not watching TV. John and | are not going out tonight. Questions ‘Auxiliary Verb “0” Subject Main Verb + Am ' Are you, we, they having dinner? Is he, she, it Are you drinking soda? Is Luke swimming in the river? Are they washing the car? Use the present progressive to talk about actions happening at the moment of speaking, right now, or at present but over a period of time: I'm not dancing. I'm having dinner! He's living in London with his parents.Audio Activities Lesson 14 Guess what they are doing A. Listen to the sounds and match them to the corresponding pictures. ie ES Rea 2 Phone messages Sometimes when we make a telephone call, the person we want to talk to isn’t there. A. Listen to a series of phone calls. B, Listen again, then UNDERLINE the words you hhear and finall w@ROLD ne ones you don’t hear Page 79Audio Activities Page 80 Guess what they are doing C. Listen and complete the gaps. 1. I'm sorry. Mr. Thompson He's attending a Broadway 2. No, my mother home right now. She's at the She's ordering pizzas for this afternoon's 3. Paul isn’t here. | think he’s playing at the 4. My husband isn't here right now. He is with some at a restaurant. 5. Miss Bauer is in the right now. She's tothe about some special D. Listen again and answer the questions about the speech. 1. Where is Mr. Thompson? Lesson 14 this week. He’s in New York. 2. What is the mother doing? 3. What sport is Paul playing? 4. Who is the husband meeting? 5. What is Miss Bauer talking about?“The pessimist sees difficulty in every opportunity. The optimist sees opportunity in every difficulty.” ~ Winston Churchill Look at the activities that these people are doing. What do you do in your free time? What's your hobby? Tell your class about your interests. a ae Example: “In my free time, | love reading books, and...” What are these people doing? Use the pictures to complete the sentences. 1 ___an apple. Ai 2 eens on the floor. 2. They forabus. 5. breakfast 3. He _ soccer. 6. on the table.Lesson 15 6 Look at the scene below. IN GROUPS. Make a list about the following to topics: 1. Things that some people are doing. ‘Some people are buying hot dogs. 2. Things that some people are using. Three children are using bicycles. Now compare your lists with others. 6 Look at the scene below. Look at the picture. Write sentences about Emily. Use Shy fy(cleanttheinouse) 2.(watch television) = E(eltronithe | 00, eae | Gxicaadialbook)eemeess 8 TG a Si(playthepiano). 6. (wear a hat) Parelsep(onia\scfa)masen i + OF She isn’t +verb+ing.Lesson 15 6 What's happening now? Write true sentences. 1.1 / wash / my hair) _'mwashing my hair. or mnot washing myhair. 2. (It / snow) Sut aeton achat) 8s Se ee 4. (| / eat), 5 (di). ee EE eee eee iC) /study/ English) 2.) TEN) CCS ee 8. (the sun / shine) 9. (| / wear / shoes) 10. (I / read / a newspaper) e Look at the pictures. What are these people doing? Write sentences in present progressive. . baseball . swimming . skiing tennis . football . soccer . hockey NooRone 1, He's playing baseball. 5. 2. 3 7 aie 4. eG Look at the pictures again. What are your favorite sports? Do you play any sports? Share your comments with your class. Example: “/ enjoy playing and watching baseball, but | don’t really like hockey. Page 13Lesson 15 6 READING. Read the following paragraph. Fill in the blanks with the verbs in the box, in present progressive. Lucy My name is Lucy and | live in Scotland. I'm at the window and I'm for Tommy. | know a song. It's a happy song and | like it. I'm singing it to my baby. My baby is inside me, but she can hear me. I know that. | know she’s a girl. We're waiting for Tommy. Your father is to come home. I'm to my baby. | look out of the window. | see Tommy and he is at me. He has a red jacket and he looks very young. | sing: “My Tommy is __ home to me.” oe READING. Read the following paragraph. Fill in the blanks with the verbs in the box, in present progressive. Andrew Andrew Smithson is to buy a lottery ticket. He's____——_down the street and to music. The music is very loud. Andrew is as he listens. He walks into an ice-cream shop. “Can | help you?” the shop assistant asks Andrew. Andrew is. at the man. He can't hear him. “Sorry? Andrew says.” The shop assistant writes something and gives it to Andrew. It says: TURN YOUR MUSIC OFF! Andrew is off the music. He says “Sorry”. Can | have a lottery ticket, please? Now the shop assistant is “This is an ice cream shop,” he says. “We don't sell lottery tickets!”ste Lesson 15 Present progressive am, is, are + -ing = something is happening now. I'm working. They're playing football She's wearing a hat. You're not watching TV. PAST —_—__|__ FUTURE NOW Spelling rules 1. Verbs that end in “e”, drop the “e”, and add “ing” come-coming live-living make-making smile-smiling use-using dance-dancing 2. Verbs that end in “ie”, change the “ie” to “y”, and add “ing”: lie-lying die-dying lie-tying 3. Verbs which last three letters end in consonant + vowel + consonant, and the vowel has the strongest stress (accentuated sound). Add an extra consonant and “ing” get-getting run-running stop-stopping shop-shopping swim-swimming _cut-cutting begin-beginning _prefer-preferring 4. All other verbs, only add “ing”: play-playing work-working need-needing help-helpingAudio Activities Lesson 15 At work A. Listen to a phone call. B. Listen again, then UNDERLINE the words you hear and finallyCIRCLE)the ones. you don't hear. C. Listen twice and CIRCLE the mistakes in the conversation. Yvor: Hi, Henry, it's Yvor. Henry: Hello, Yvor. Yvor: What do you do? Are you at work? Henry: Well, actually, | prepare for the meeting this morning. Yvor: Me too! | finish my papers for it now. The other thing is that | am write an up-to-date friends list for everyone attending. Do you remember Jin Sun? Is she still working for Alps Newspaper? Henry: No, | think she isn’t working these days. Yor: Do you have her number? Henry: No, | don’t, but Jane’s here. Let me ask her. Hold on a minute. She is looking for it just now. Here it is. It's a cell phone number. It’s 007. Yor: Hold on Henry. | am looking for a pen. OK. Go ahead. Henry: 007-586-923 Yor: Great. Thanks, Henry. See you tomorrow. D Listen again and answer the following questions. 1, What is Henry doing? 2. Is Jin Sun working these days? 3. Who is looking for a pen? Page 86Lesson 16 “You will never leave where you are, until you decide where youd rather be.” ~ Dexter Yager. 6 Look at the pictures. Mia, Samuel, and Jack are thinking about what they are going to wear on the first day of school. Read the descriptions below. watt Mia is going to wear: Samuel is going to wear: Jack is thinking of wearing: Her pink blouse His white shirt His purple shirt Her blue sweater His green jacket His orange shorts Her blue skirt His red tie His yellow socks Her black shoes His brown pants His blue sneakers His brown shoes Colors: orange blue rea white PIN yellow TOY Answer the following questions: What's your favorite color? My favorite color is What's your mother’s favorite color? —_ Her favorite color is. What's your best friend’s favorite color? Her / His favorite color is. Page 87Lesson 16 Page 88 Using the words from the box, describe the peoples clothes. Read the following definitions for adjectives about clothing and then write them on the corresponding sentence. Backless: a backless dress does not cover a woman's back and shoulders. Boot-cut: _boot-cut pants become slightly wider at the bottom so that they fit easily over boots. Easy-care: _easy-care clothes do not need to be ironed after they are washed. Tailor-made: tailor-made clothes are made by a tailor to fit a particular customer. Waterproof: waterproof clothes keep you dry because they do not let rain pass through them 1. I love to buy__jackets, my tailor makes me considerable discounts. 2, You can't combine slippers and _ Pants, you look awful! 3. I'm lucky I'm wearing my _coat or i would be dripping wet right now! 4. Lisa, you're only 16 and you aren't going to wear a dress to church either! 5. It’s great to have my outfit for days like these when | wake up late.Lesson 16 6 Now tell your classmate which clothes and which colors you: usually wear, sometimes wear, and never wear, Example: “/ usually wear black slacks, but | never wear red t-shirts, and...” 6 Complete the sentences that describe what these people are wearing. William i Q Ann Li skit. They. karate uniforms. They ‘sweaters. s £ | ry Page 89Lesson 16 oe Complete the following sentences with the correct pronoun (mire, yours, ours, ete.) eG Write sentences about people's favorite colors. Pago 90 1. It's your dress. 2. It's my skirt. 3. It's his jacket. 4. They're our shoes. 5. Those are their sweaters. 6. It's her blouse. 7. They're our shirts. 8. It's my tie. 1, Bethi’s favorite coloris brown. PON aa 11. It’s They're Those are itisoee ee They're It's i Moe Eevee erebeleis Lesson 16 Possessive Pronouns Examples: Is this book mine or yours? (=my book or your book) It’s their problem, not ours. That's not my umbrella. Mine is black. Are those people friends of yours? Tom is going to meet a friend of his. | gave her my address, and she gave me hers. Possessive nouns ) Possessive nouns are used to denote ownership, authorship, origin, and kind. Examples: | live at my sister's house. (not: the house of my sister.) Are you going to James's party? Pedro is Blanca’s husband. Do you know Bill’s phone number? With plural nouns ending in “s”: | like my friends’ house. My parents’ car is blue. My cousins’ rooms are very big. With irregular plurals (not ending in “s”): The children’s books. The women’s hatsPage 92 Audio Activities Lesson 16 How to dress for a job interview. A. Listen to the following description. fen to the description again, then UNDERLINE the words you hear and finally IRCLE)the ones you don't hear C. Listen again and fill-in the gaps. Hello, I'm here to give you some tips on how to dress for a job interview. Our male model here has a sleeved crisp on, with a right here, over his chest. And for his he has the paisley design with the background that matches his shirt with other that complement it, such as and i Healsohasa____— business-like on with, _____ with pleats in the and he has business attire to match. Dress for interview success D. Listen carefully to the following speech. fen to the speech again, then UNDERLINE the words you hear and finally IRCLE)the ones you don't hear. F. Listen again. then read the statements and check \ true, false or it doesn’t say. True False _It doesn’t say. 1, Solid black suit is also the best option. 2. Bright color ties are a good choice. 3. Both men and women can use pants. 4, Wearing accessories is necessary.Famous People io kT just go out there and do what you've got to do.” ~ Martina Navratilova. e Ask the following questions about the celebrities in the pictures. Who is the youngest? Why do you think that? Who is the craziest? What makes you think that? Who is the prettiest? Why do you say so? Who is the richest? Why do you think that? Who is the most attractive? What makes you think that? Who is the eldest Why do you say so? Who is the most aggressive? Why do you think so? Who is the most interesting? What makes you think that? aie rN Gisele Bundchen Angelina Jolie Russel Crowe Cameron Diaz G83 Salma Hayek Elijah Wood Drew Barrymore George Clooney Adam Sandler 6 PAIR WORK. Tell a classmate what you know about these famous people. “| know that Gisele is a famous top model, but | really dont remember about Elijah...” “...Oh...dont you remember? He is the guy from the movie The Lord of the Ring: Page 93Write a comparison for each pair of pictures using the adjective given. (a car/ a train) fast: (a gorilla/a monkey) Funny: (love/money) (an angry tiger/ an angry woman) (a restaurant/ a hospital)Lesson 17 oe What do they look like? Read the following descriptions. s + — He has a beard and a mustache. He has a nice smile and white hair. He has black hair and brown eyes. He is thin Now look at the pictures. Use the words from the box to describe them Use expressions like: “Shelhe has...” “Helshe wears...” “Shelhe looks. ..”Lesson 17 , 6 Complete the sentences. Use a comparative 1. Helen's car isn’t very big. She wantsa__ one. 2. You're not very tall. Your brother is 3. My chair isn’t very comfortable. Yours is 4. I'm not very interested in art. I'm in sports. 5. Britain isn't very big. France is 6 Write sentences with comparatives (older, etc.) and superlatives (the oldest, etc.). Young / Old Daniel / Clive Mark. Daniel Clive / Enrique Enrique Iglesias, He's 42, Expensive / Cheap Rainbow / Best Grand Luxury RainbowSummary Lesson 17 Adjectives We use adjectives to qualify nouns: nice day, blue eyes, etc. The adjective is before the noun. Examples: Adjective + Noun It's a nice day today. Laura has brown eyes. There's avery old church in this town. There are some beautiful yellow flowers in the garden. The adjective is always the same (singular/plural, masculine/feminine). We have a new car. We have some new cars. He is a good Doctor. She is a good Doctor. ‘The comparative form is: adjective + -er (older) or more... (more expensive) or less + adjective (less important) . Spelling rules: To short adjectives (one syllable), add -er: fast = faster nice = nicer late = later Adjectives ending in “y", change the “y” to “I, and add “e easy = easier happy = happier heavy = heavier Adjectives ending in a single stressed vowel and a consonant, the consonant at the end is “doubled”, and then add -er: hotter bigger thinner The superlative form is: adjective + -est (cheapest), or the most + adjective (the most diffi cult) or the least + adjective (the least interesting) Big = the biggest interesting = the most interesting Jong = the longest expensive = the most expensive Examples: Rome is old, but Athens is older. This house isnt very nice. Our house is nicer. The church is very old. It’s the oldest building in the town. Money is important, but it isn’t the most important thing in life Page 97Page 98 Audio Activities Lesson 17 My family A. Listen to someone talk about his family. B, Listen to the talk again, then UNDERLINE the words you hear and finally CIRCLE) the ones you don’t hear. C. Listen again and number the adjectives as you hear them. _— young tall — thin — round — big — serious blonde. small — bright — intelligent D. You will hear the talk again 3 more times to fillin the gaps. I'd like to tell you about some members of my family, This is my sister, Emily, she is____,____and__—. Shehas___, hai eyes and a nose. She likes to dress casually and loves colors. Here's a picture of my auntie Syivia. She must be in her forties; she has i hair, and a face. She is rather and She is very and loves family meetings. She is my mother's, sister. This is my niece Monica, she is 2 years old. She is very and She has i hair and eyes. Even though she is so, sheis learning words every day. This is a picture of my cousin Jonas. He's and He has i hair and eyes. He likes all kind of sports. He is very and with girls, Now, these two are my brothers Albert and Henry. Henry is than Albert, Albert is more than Henry. Both are dentists. Henry likes running and Albert likes traveling. My brothers are very They are very tome. I think my family is very E, Using the previous text, find the opposites of the following adjectives, 1. old Eee 7. big 2. dull a 8. tall 3. older pote et Nboringes: senate 4. light 10. weak 5. ugly 11. fat G. cit) a 12. outgoingLesson 18 “Motivation is what gets you started. Habit is what keeps you going.” ~ Jim Ryun. Read the following examples. He watched TV last night. He went to the movies last week Did he watch TV last night? Did he go to the movies last week? Yes, he did. Yes, he did. No, he did not (didn’t) No, he did not (didn’t) They watched TV yesterday. They went to the movies last night. Did they watch TV yesterday? Did they go to movies last night? Yes, they did. Yes, they did. No, they did not (didn’t) No, they did not (didn’t) Complete the following conversation. Fill in the blanks with the verbs from the box, in simple past. (Note: The verbs can be used more than once.) do stay go see is enjoy Mandy: Hi, Preston. __you go to the movies last Saturday? Preston: No,|____.|_____at home. And you? Mandy: Oh yes, We to the movies with my cousins, and we a very good movie, Preston: And what movie you watch? Mandy: We ___“I'mlegend”.___you see that movie already? Preston: Oh, yes. | that movie two weeks ago, it awesome! you see “Terminator 4"? Mandy: Yes, | Preston: you like it? Mandy: Well, | the movie, it good. Page 99Lesson 18 Page 100 Complete the paragraph below with the simple past form of the verbs in the box (ask your teacher to clarify the vocabulary before you begin) Gru was anxious about his date on the following day. He was happy, very happy. The alarm clock at 8:30 am. He of bed and _ a shower with his toy ducks. Then he his teeth and _____ pancakes for breakfast.Then he real ducks crossing the street. He happily the mall escalator. In the park, he Frisbee and__ some yoga, He also the drums with a few tin cans. Then he __ ta flower to a young man for him to hand it to a girl sitting next to him. Now read the passage out loud as if you were a) in a hurry b) Gru's daughter ©) disappointedLesson 18 Pronounce the following “ed” ending verbs, and then write (t), (id) or (d) as corresponds to each colored verb. Example: We wrapped the Christmas presents last night. 1. | laughed at the joke. 2. We finished our work faster than usual. 3. The snake killed the oldest mouse. 4, The teacher helped the student. 5. When | was younger, | wanted to walk on the moon. 6. We hiked to the top of the highest hills 7. James rented his largest apartment. 8. We covered the pool so you can't swim in it now. 9. That house needed a lot of repairing. 10. We named her plenty of times, but could not find her. Read the following passage abut “Emily the bear” using the correct pronunciation for ‘ed” endings. Write (t), (id) or (d) in the space provided. Emily the bear jumped (__) out of her cage and into the crowd. She probably realized (__) that this was her best chance to escape. The bear's trainer looked (__) as if he were about to faint from the terror of it all; it seemed (_) like his worst nightmare come true. He scrambled (__) to his feet and started (__) waving his hands and shouting to emily’s attention She stopped (__) her wild rampage only for a moment at the sound of her trainer's pleas. She quickly turned (__) back to the crowd and resumed (__) knocking people to the floor. The trainer suddenly had an idea. He reached (__) into his pocket and pulled (__) from it a large chocolate covered (__) treat a known favorite of the bear. He shouted (__) the bear's name once more and she turned (__) to face him. She saw the treat and ran in full gallop towards it. The trainer then threw the treat into the cage and the bear followed (__).He locked (__) the door behind her and fell to the floor in relief. Apparently, the bear valued (__) food more than freedom. Challenge: Eire all of the irregular verbs in the previous passage (verbs that do not follow the “ed” endings rules) Page 101Lesson 18 6 Read about Amy's weekend My fun weekend... Friday On Friday night, | played a new video game. | didn’t study. | didn’t clean my room. | didn't go out of the house. | played my new game: all night. Saturday | didn’t want to stay home on Saturday. | left the house at 9 a.m. | went downtown with Jan. We saw a movie and ate pizza at Mario's. Then | went to the school dance. | had a lot of fun. | didn’t do any homework. Sunday On Sunday, | stayed home all day. | didn’t go out, but | had fun. | practiced the guitar for the concert next week. | didn’t go to Sally's party, but Josh and | made popcorn and listened to music. | didn't check my e-mail, but I called some friends. e Completethesentencesabout Amy'sweekendwiththeverbsinsimplepast, usethenegative when necessary. 1. On Friday, Amy ___played__(play) a video game all night. 2. She didn't clean_(clean) her room on Friday night. 3.OnFriday,she _________——__(g0) out of the house. 4.She ___________ (want) to stay home on Saturday. 5. She (g0) downtown with Jan. 6. She (do) homework on Saturday. 7. On Sunday, she (g0) out 8.She (have) fun on Sunday, 9. She (listen) to music. 10. She (check) her e-mail. 11. She (call) some friends. 12, She (go) to Sally's party. Page 102Lesson 18 Simple past tense The past simple tense i often constructed with verbs ending in “ed”. They are called regular past verbs. For example: work - worked clean - cleaned dance - danced need - needed Terry worked in a bank from 1987 to 1998. Yesterday it rained all morning. It stopped at lunchtime, Spelling rules: Verbs that end in a consonant followed by a "y’, change the “y” to and add study - studied try - tried carry - carried marry - married 2. Verbs which last three letters end in consonant + vowel + consonant, and the vowel has the strongest stress (accentuated sound) in its intonation within the verb. Add an extra consonant and “ed”: stop - stopped plan - planned whip - whipped rub - rubbed ‘An exception would be the verb “listen”, It ends in consonant + vowel + consonant, but the stressed vowel inits intonation is the letter “i” and not “e”. The past simple verb is “listened! (no extra consonant). Also, do rnot use extra consonants for verbs ending in "w’, “y’, "x" and “2”. 3. For verbs ending in the letter “e”, add “d” only decide-—decided — die~died create—created © complete— completed 4, For any other regular verbs that do not qualify for the previous rules, add “ed!’: want - wanted explain — explained box— boxed (not “booed") play - played ‘Some verbs are irregular. Their simple past is not -ed. Here are some important irregular verbs be-was/were bring. brought begin began build - built break -broke buy bought do - did 0 went pacar rage ; “0 arate ee ial can could speak - spoke We use didn simple past negatives and questions. We use did/didn't + verbs (base form). | didn't watch television yesterday. Did she go out ast night? “Yes, she dic.” or “No, she dici't.” ‘Tom played tennis yesterday, but he didn't win. We went to the movies, but we didn't enjoy the film. Did you see Joe yesterday? "No, | didn’t.” Did your parents have a good trip? “Yes, they dic.” Page 103Audio Activities Lesson 18 Dream job A Listen to a personal story about Martha Debayle. B. Listen again, then UNDERLINE the words you hear and finally(CIRCLE)the ones you don’t hear. C. Listen and CIRCLE the mistakes. Martha Debayle’s Dream Work On a winter night in 1999 Martha Debayle started feeding Camila, her oldest daughter, and slept by the bedside of Antonia, her first born, to make chair she were asleep. With both children crying, Debayle began to work. She saw a credit card from her wallet and sat down in front of her computer. D. Listen again and complete the gaps. Then she several hours thinking up a name for the internet domain she to purchase. Around 3 a.m., after paying approximately $800 pesos, the radio and television host was the owner of the portal www.bbmundo.com. Her mother them to use her house as an office for three months, Debayle her operating costs at close to zero, then up an important advertizer, Nestle.Audio Activities Lesson 18 E. Listen to the following regular verbs. F. Listen again and repeat them. G. Listen again and classify them according to their pronunciation rules. a “D" =ED" (voiceless) (voiced) (id) Page 105Vacation time! Page 106 “You will never find time for anything. If you want time you must make it.” Charles Buxton Jasmine went on a beach vacation. Read her travel blog. Then €IRCLE)all the simple past verbs that you can find. Monday, July 7th. Our first day of vacation in Porto Seguro! We arrived at our hotel at noon, and we walked to the beach. My dad rented a dune buggy, and we raced on the sand. We stopped at a quiet spot, and we stayed there all afternoon. We snorkeled and played volleyball What fun! After dinner, we shopped for souvenirs. We enjoyed looking at all the shops. Then my sister and | listened to great Brazilian music at a dance club. | danced with some kids from Rio. | even tried a new dance -the samba-, It's a lot of fun. Now it's after midnight, and I have to go to bed. | want to get up early tomorrow. There's so much to do here! Felipe also kept a diary last summer. Complete the sentences from his diary with the correct form of the verbs. Monday, July 7th, 9:30 p.m. Another vacation day at home. |__(stay) in bed until nine, and then | (walk) to the park. | (practice) volleyball with my friends. Our park volleyball championship game is in September. In the afternoon, 1 (listen) to music, and 1 (clean) my room. In the evening, i (want) to go out. | (call) Luigi’s house, but no one (answer). So | (stay) home and (watch) an old movie on TV. | was so bored. Well, tomorrow is another day Lesson 19Lesson 19 6 Read about Olivia's trip to Peru last summer. Match the photos to the correct texts, Olivia Smith and her family went to Peru last summer. They flew to Lima, the capital. They visited the old Spanish Quarter, and they went shopping for souvenirs. Olivia bought some jewelry. They also saw a lot of beautiful old things at the Gold Museum. They visited some local churches. @ From Lima, the Smiths flew to Cuzco, an old Incan city. They ate the local food, and Olivia drank maté, a special Incan tea. Olivia’s sister got some postcards to send to her friends @ The next day, Olivia and her family took the train to Machu Picchu. Olivia slept on the train. Her sister wrote postcards. At Machu Picchu, a guide gave them a tour of the Incan ruins. Olivia's brother took a lot of pictures. @® Olivia really enjoyed her vacation. She met some nice Peruvian people on the trip, and she made some new friends. She had a great time. eo Complete the sentences about the Smiths’ trip to Peru. Use the simple past form of the verbs in the box. 1. The Smiths __to Lima first. 2. Olivia's brother more than 100 pictures. 3. Olivia Hamas in Machu Picchu 4. They fun with their Peruvian friends. 5. Olivia's sister a lot of souvenirs. 6. Their guide them a tour of Cuzco. 7. The Smiths home from Lima. 8. Olivia's parents__—_all the way home. Page 107Lesson 19 Read the postcards Patrick and Heather wrote on vacation, and make a list of all the verbs in the simple past tense that you can find. dpe Greeting! E | ane Dear Laura ae you asked for amai 50 thoughtit would befun Fen you one from your hometown! Eee When we werein town, welooked at the mallandateat es The lon house pasty | Toke care, H. Anderson = oe aLesson 19 6 Compare what Karen said years ago and what she says today. »¥ | travel a lot | play the piano, | eat lots of cheese now. I'm very lazy. | work very hard these days. | don’t like cheese. | don't see many people. I'm a hotel | don’t play the piano. receptionist | read the newspaper everyday. have a lot of | work in a bookstore. friends. I don't make any trips . I never read, | love drinking tea! I don’t like tea. Write sentences about how Karen has changed Use used to / didn’t use to / never used to, in the first part of your sentence. 1, Sheused to travel alot but Shedoesn't take many trips these days. 2. but 3 but 4. but 5. zante but 6. but Ss 7. but 8. but fi ‘e 6 PAIR WORK. Interview a classmate. Ask questions about things that he/she used to do in the past, but doesn’t do anymore. Share the answers with the class. Example: “Ok, Kevin: tell me about your interests” “Well, used to take piano classes three years ago, but now...”