MANUEL S.

ENVERGA
UNIVERSITY FOUNDATION
LUCENA CITY
COMPUTER NETWORKS AND SECURITY (LAB)
FINAL EXAM

Submitted by: John Mark Ortega

Submitted to: Engr. Ronaldo Maaño

Score
EIGRP

2 PAGE DOCUMENT

Neighbor Discovery and Adjacency Formation:

Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (EIGRP) is a Cisco proprietary routing protocol that
operates based on the principles of distance vector routing with a number of enhancements. EIGRP uses
a variety of mechanisms to efficiently exchange routing information, calculate the best paths, and
maintain a stable and scalable routing environment.

EIGRP operates by employing a series of steps to establish and maintain neighbor relationships. Initially,
each EIGRP-enabled router sends Hello packets to discover potential neighboring routers. These Hello
packets contain critical information such as the router's EIGRP configuration, including the autonomous
system (AS) number. When a router receives a Hello packet, it checks if the received information
matches its own configuration. If the parameters match, the routers become neighbors and proceed to
form an adjacency.

During the adjacency formation process, routers exchange information about their routing tables. This
includes EIGRP routing updates and topology information. By sharing routing updates, routers stay
updated on network changes and are able to make informed routing decisions.

Enhanced Distance Vector Algorithm:

EIGRP employs an enhanced distance vector algorithm that takes into account multiple factors to
calculate the best path to a destination network.

This algorithm, known as the Diffusing Update Algorithm (DUAL), considers various metrics such as
bandwidth, delay, reliability, and load when determining the metric for each route.

The composite metric used by EIGRP is referred to as the "metric of feasible successors." It combines the
different factors, assigning weights to each one. The metric is typically represented as a 32-bit value,
allowing for a wide range of values to be used in calculating the shortest path.

By using this enhanced distance vector algorithm, EIGRP reduces the likelihood of routing loops and
ensures efficient path selection.

Reliable Transport Protocol (RTP):

EIGRP relies on the Reliable Transport Protocol (RTP) for the reliable and ordered delivery of routing
updates. RTP provides mechanisms for acknowledgement and retransmission to ensure that EIGRP
packets are delivered successfully.

This reliability feature makes EIGRP suitable for large and complex networks where packet loss may
occur.
RTP supports both multicast and unicast communication. Initially, EIGRP uses multicast to send routing
updates to all neighboring routers. If a multicast packet is not acknowledged, EIGRP switches to unicast
and sends updates directly to specific neighbors, guaranteeing that the updates reach their intended
destinations.

Dual Stacking:

EIGRP has the capability to support both IPv4 and IPv6 networks simultaneously, allowing for seamless
integration of different network protocols.

This dual stacking feature enables routers to exchange routing information for both IPv4 and IPv6
networks concurrently.

By supporting dual stacking, EIGRP simplifies network design and transition processes when migrating
from IPv4 to IPv6. It allows for a gradual transition and coexistence of both protocols, ensuring smooth
operation during the migration phase.

In conclusion, EIGRP operates through a process of neighbor discovery and adjacency formation,
utilizing an enhanced distance vector algorithm, reliable transport protocol, and dual stacking
capabilities. These mechanisms enable EIGRP to provide efficient and reliable routing in complex
enterprise networks.
A.EIGRP Configuration

Ip add 100.0.0.1 255.255.255.0

Commands: No shut
Router1: Ex
En Int se0/0
Conf t Ip add 10.0.0.2 255.255.255.0
Int fa0/0 No shut
Ex No shut
Int se0/1 Ex
Ip add 40.0.0.1 255.255.255.0 Int se0/0
No shut Ip add 30.0.0.2 255.255.255.0
Ex No shut
Ex Ex
Router eigrp 1 Int se0/1
Network 100.0.0.0 0.0.0.255 Ip add 20.0.0.1 255.255.255.0
Network 10.0.0.0 0.0.0.255 No shut
Network 40.0.0.0 0.0.0.255 Ex
Router 2: Ex
En Router eigrp 1
Conft Network 200.0.0.0 0.0.0.255
Int se0/0 Network 20.0.0.0 0.0.0.255
Ip address 10.0.0.1 255.255.255.0 Network 30.0.0.0 0.0.0.255
No shut Router 4:
Ex en
Int se0/1 conf t
Ip address 20.0.0.2 255.255.255.0 int se0/0
No shut ip add 30.0.0.1 255.255.255.0
Ex no shut
Ex ex
Router eigrp 1 int se0/1
Network 10.0.0.0 0.0.0.255 ip add 40.0.0.2 255.255.255.0
Network 20.0.0.0 0.0.0.255 no shut
Router 3: ex
En ex
Conf t router eigrp 1
Int fa0/0 network 40.0.0.0 0.0.0.255
Ip add 200.0.0.2 255.255.255.0 netowork 30.0.0.0 0.0.0.255
B. Rip Configuration
Commands: Ex
Router 1: Router rip
En Network 10.0.0.0
Conf t Network 20.0.0.0
Int fa0/1 Network 192.168.2.0
Ip add 192.168.1.100 255.255.255.0 Router 3:
No shut En
Ex Conf t
Int s0/0/0 Int s0/0/0
Ip add 10.0.0.1 255.255.255.0 Ip add 20.0.0.2 255.255.255.0
Ex No shut
Ex Ex
Router rip Int fa 0/1
Network 192.168.1.0 Ip add 192.168.3.100 255.255.255.0
Network 10.0.0.0 No shut
Router2: Ex
En Ex
Conf t Router rip
Int s0/0/0 Network 20.0.0.0
Ip add 10.0.0.2 255.255.255.0 Network 192.168.3.0
No shut
Ex
Int s0/1/0
C. OSPF Configuration
Commands:
Ip add 192.168.3.1 255.255.255.0
Router 1: No shut
En Ex
Conf t Int se0/0/0
Int fa0/0 Ip add 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.0
Ip add 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0 No shut
No shut Ex
Ex Ex
Int se0/0/1 Router ospf 1
Ip add 192.168.3.1 255.255.255.0 Network 192.168.2.0 0.0.0.255. area 0
No shut Network 192.168.4.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
Ex Router 3:
Int se0/0/0 en
Ip add 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.0 conf t
No shut int fa0/0
Ex ip add 192.168.5.1 255.255.255.0
Ex no shut
Router ospf 1 ex
Network 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 int se 0/0/0
Network 192.168.2.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 ip add 192.168.3.2 255.255.255.0
Network 192.168.3.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 no shut
Router 2: ex
En int se 0/0/1
Conf t ip add 192.168.4.2 255.255.255.0
Int fa0/0 no shut
Ip add 192.168.6.1 255.255.255.0 ex
No shut ex
Ex router ospf 1
Int se0/0/0 network 192.168.5.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
Ip add 192.168.2.2 255.255.255.0 network 192.168.3.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
No shut network 192.168.4.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
Ex
Int se0/0/1
Ip add 192.168.4.1 255.255.255.0
No shut
Ex
Ex
Router ospf 1
Network 192.168.6.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
Conclusion:

We have successfully implemented three dynamic routing protocols, namely EIGRP, RIP, and OSPF, in
Packet Tracer. These protocols enable effective and dependable communication within the network.
EIGRP, a Cisco proprietary protocol, provides rapid convergence, scalability, and support for both IPv4
and IPv6. It offers advanced functionalities like unequal-cost load balancing and route summarization,
making it suitable for larger networks.

RIP, a distance vector protocol, is straightforward to configure and works well in small to medium-sized
networks. It exchanges routing information with neighboring routers, ensuring easy setup and
maintenance.

OSPF, a link-state routing protocol, offers fast convergence, scalability, and support for variable-length
subnet masking. It calculates the shortest path to a destination based on link costs, leading to efficient
routing table updates.

Configuring these protocols enables dynamic routing, facilitating the exchange of routing information
among routers and automatic updates to their routing tables. This ensures the network's adaptability to
topology changes, such as link failures or new connections, and enables the discovery of the most
efficient paths for data transmission.