KLE SOCIETY’S SCHOOL, NAGARBHAVI, BENGALURU

NAME: ___________________________ GRADE: 10 DATE: ___________

SUBJECT: Social Science

AGRICULTURE Practice Sheet) Answer key

1. Horticulture

2. Jhumming cultivation is a primitive form of agriculture where farmers clear a patch of land
and produce food crops to sustain their family. When the soil fertility decreases, the farmer
shifts to a new patch of land.

3. Karnataka

4. Pulses

5. Wheat

6. Bhangar or Old Alluvial soil

7. Leguminous crops possess the quality of fixing Nitrogen into the soil

8. Labour Intensive Farming

9. Zaid is the short cropping season between Rabi and Kharif.

10. Pulses are leguminous, thus fix nitrogen into the soil, increasing its fertility.

11. Plantation farming is a kind of commercial farming where a single crop is grown in a large
area.

12. Cotton, Jute ,hemp and natural silk are the major fibre crops in India.

13. Jute is used in the making of gunny bags, mats, ropes, yarn, carpets and other artefacts.

14. Land and agricultural reforms were introduced for the farmers.

15. Uttar Pradesh, Maharashtra and Karnataka

16. October to December

17. White Revolution is related to milk and milk products.

18. KCC( Kissan Credit Card) and PAIS( Personal Accident Insurance Scheme)

19. The Arabic variety brought from Yemen is produced in the country. Its cultivation was
introduced on the Baba Budan Hills.

20. Aus, Aman, Boro

21. Jute is losing its market due to artificial fibers like nylon that are much more cost efficient
and durable.
22. The art and science of cultivating soil, raising crops and rearing livestock including animal
husbandry and forestry.

23. High population pressure on land the farmers take maximum output from the limited land
and they do not have any alternative source of livelihood.

II. Answer the following questions in brief: ( 3 marks each )

1a. The main staple food crop of India is rice. India is the largest producer of rice, after China
in the world.

b. It is a Kharif crop which requires high temperature, above 25 degree Celsius and high
humidity with annual rainfall above 100cms.

c. Rice is grown in the plains of North and North Eastern India, coastal areas and the deltaic
region.

2 a. Pulses are the major source of protein in a vegetarian diet. Major pulses that are grown in
India are Tur (Arhar), Urad, Moong, Masoor, Peas and Gram.

b. They need less moisture and survive even in dry conditions.

c. Being leguminous crops, all these crops except arhar help in storing soil fertility by fixing
nitrogen from the air.

3a. India was the second largest producer of groundnut in the world after China. Main oilseeds
produced in India are groundnut, mustard, coconut, sesame, soya bean, castor seeds, cotton
seeds, linseed and sunflower.

b. Most of these are edible and used as cooking mediums. However, some of these are also used
as raw material in the production of soap, cosmetics and ointments.

c. Groundnut is a Kharif crop and accounts for about half of the major oilseeds produced in the
country. States in which it is grown are Gujarat and Andhra Pradesh.

4a. Jute is known as the golden fiber. It grows well on well drained fertile soils in the flood
plains where soil is renewed every year.

b. High temperature is required during the time of growth. It is used in the making of gunny
bags, mats, ropes, yarn, carpets and other artifacts.

c. Since West Bengal has all the required conditions for the growth of Jute, it is the leading
producer.

5a. Jowar, Bajra and Ragi are the important millets grown in India.

b. Jowar is a rain-fed crop mostly grown in the moist areas which hardly needs irrigation. Major
Jowar producing states are Maharashtra and Karnataka.

c. Bajra grows well on sandy soils and shallow black soil. Major Bajra producing states are
Rajasthan and Uttar Pradesh.

d. Ragi is very rich in iron, calcium, other micronutrients and roughage. It is a crop of dry
regions and grows well on red, black, sandy, loamy and shallow black soils. Major Ragi
producing states are Karnataka, Tamil Nadu.
6. a. There has been a gradual shift from cultivation of food crops to the cultivation of cash
crops and fruits and vegetables.

b. Areas under food crops have reduced due to rapid urbanization and industrialization.

c. The productivity of land is also declining due to the heavy use of chemicals, insecticides and
pesticides.

d. Natural calamities like drought and flood has become frequent and monsoon is still a vital
condition for food production.

7a. Tea is the most important beverage crop introduced in India initially by British.

b. The tea plant grows well in tropical and sub-tropical climate endowed with deep, fertile,
well-drained soil, rich in humus and organic matter. Tea bushes require warm and moist free
climate all through the year. Frequent showers equally distributed throughout the year ensure
continuous growth of tender leaves. Tea is a labour intensive industry. It requires abundant
cheap and skilled labour.

c. Major tea producing states are Assam and hills of Darjeeling.

8. a. Cotton grows well in drier parts of black cotton soil of the Deccan plateau.

b. It requires high temperature, light rainfall or irrigation, 210 frost-free days and bright
sunshine for its growth.

c. Major cotton producing states are Maharashtra, Gujarat.

III. Answer the following Questions in detail: ( 5 marks each)

1.

Primitive Subsistence Farming Commercial Farming

a. It is practiced on small patches of land.
b. Farming depends on irrigation.
c. Primitive tools are used.
d. Production is low.
e. No costly fertilizers are used, depends on
natural fertility.
f. Family provides labour in the field.
g. Only cereals and other food crops are
grown.
a. It is practiced on a large scale.
b. Irrigation facilities are widely available.
c. Modern technology is used.
d. Production is high.
e. Costly chemicals, fertilizers and
pesticides are used.
f. Labourers are hired.
g. Mostly commercial crops are grown.

2. a. Rubber is used as an important industrial raw material.

b. It is an equatorial crop, but under special conditions it is also grown in tropical and sub-
tropical areas.

c. It requires moist and humid climate.

d. It requires rainfall of more than 200cms and temperature above 25 degrees Celsius.

e. It is mainly grown in Kerala, Tamil Nadu and Karnataka.

3a. Plantation agriculture is type of commercial farming where crops are grown for profit. Large
land area is needed for this type of agriculture. It is practiced in tropical and sub-tropical
regions and was introduced by the British in India.

b. It is a single crop grown over a large area.

c. It is capital intensive and done with the help of migrant labourers.

d. All produce is used as raw materials in industries. Eg. Tea, coffee etc.

e. Plantation has an interface of agriculture and industry both.

4.

Rice
a. Kharif Crop
b. It requires high temperature above 25°C
and high humidity with rainfall above
100cms.
c. It is sown with the onset of monsoon.
d. It depends on monsoon
e. It is grown in West Bengal, Odisha
Wheat
a. Rabi Crop
b. It requires a temperature of 20-25°Cand
annual rainfall of 50-75cms.
c. It is sown in winter.
d. It depends on the moisture od the sub-
soil.
e. It is grown in Punjab,Haryana

5a. Sugarcane is a tropical as well as sub- tropical crop.

b. It grows well in hot and humid climate with a temperature of 21°C to 27°C.

c. It needs an annual rainfall between 75 cms and 100 cms.

d. Irrigation is required in the regions of low rainfall. It can be grown in a variety of soils and
needs manual labour from sowing to harvesting.

e. Major sugarcane producing states are Uttar Pradesh, Maharashtra and Karnataka.

6a. Provision for crop insurance against drought, flood, cyclone, fire and disease.

b. Establishment of Grameen Banks, cooperative societies and banks for providing loan
facilities to the farmers at lower rates of interest were some important steps in this direction.
c. Kissan Credit Card (KCC) was introduced for easy availability of inputs.
d. Personal Accident Insurance Scheme (PAIS) was introduced by the Government of India for
the benefit of the farmers.
e. Special weather bulletins and agricultural programmes for farmers were introduced on the
radio and television.
f. The government also announced minimum support price, remunerative and procurement
prices for important crops to check the exploitation of farmers by speculators and middlemen.
g. The Green Revolution based on package technology and White Revolution were also some
of the strategies initiated to improve the lot of Indian Agriculture.
7. a. More and more land is used for the construction of factories and warehouses, hence it has
reduced the land under cultivation.

b. Soil gets degraded by the use of pesticides, fertilizers, overirrigation etc which leads to water
logging and salinity.

c. Today the farmers are facing a bigger challenge from international competition.

d. Our government is reducing public investments in agriculture, subsidy on fertilizers have

decreased.

e. Reduction on import duties of agriculture has proved detrimental to agricultural

development.

8a. 2/3rd of India’s population is dependent on agriculture. It generates large scale employment.

b. It provides food to the teeming millions in India.

c. It provides raw materials for many agro-based industries like cotton , sugar, rubber.

d. Export of agricultural products like tea, silk, spices earn a valuable foreign exchange.

e. It contributes 26% of the GDP.

9. a. Indian farmers are facing a big challenge from international competition and reduction in

public investment in agricultural sector especially in irrigation, power infrastructure and other

inputs.

b. Subsidy on fertilizers is decreased leading to higher cost of production.

c. Reduction in import duties on agriculture products.

d. Farmers are withdrawing their investment from agriculture, resulting in lack of alternative

employment opportunities.

e. Erratic nature of monsoons also affects agriculture production on a large scale.

10.a. Bhoodan Andolan is also known as the Bloodless revolution. It was initiated by Acharya

Vinoba Bhave, who was proclaimed as the spiritual heir of Gandhiji. After Gandhiji's

martyrdom, Acharya Vinoba Bhave travelled all around India to propagate the ideas of Gandhiji.

b. While delivering a speech at Pochampalli in Andhra Pradesh, a group of landless villagers

came to him, demanding land for their well being.

c. Acharya Vinoba Bhave said he couldn't promise them land but would talk to the government.
d. Suddenly a man called Shri Ram Chandra Reddy came up and donated 80 acres of land to 80

landless people. This act was known as Bhoodan.

e. Later he travelled and introduced his ideas widely all over India. Some zamindars, owners of

many villages offered to distribute some villages among the landless. It was known as Gramdan.

f. These actions collectively were known as the Bhoodan Gramdan Movement. This movement

is also known as Blood less revolution.