Standard Specification for Special Purpose, Smooth-Tread Tire, Operated on Fixed Braking Slip Continuous Friction Measuring Equipment! ‘hina ied under the aed dei al domi ne ce tion ‘Spenco erton aes cn eh 1. Senne 1.1 This specification covers the general requirements for a special purpose, smoath-teead standard tte for measuring ‘ire-pavement friction forces. The tire is utilized on fixed braking sip continuous friction measuring equipment such as the Runway Friction Tester, Surface Friction Tester, of BY-I Skiddometer Trailer. 12 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard 2, Referenced Documents 21 ASTAT Standards Test Methods for Rubber Products—Chemical Amalie D412 Test Methods for Vulcanized Rubber and Thermo- plastic Rubbers and Thermoplastic Elastomers Tension? 101054 Test Method for Rubber Property--Resilience Using a Rebound Pendulum? 'D1765 Classification Sestem for Carbon Blacks Used in Rubber Products® 2240 “est Method for Rubber Property—Durometer Hardness? 1D 3182 Practice for Rubber—Materias, Equipment, and Procedures for Mixing Standard Compounds and Pre paring Standard Vulcanized Sheets? 2.2 Other Documents: KJ. Law Slip Friction Tester— Manual Surface Friction Manuat BV-I1 Skiddometer Trailer—tnstruction and Servicing Manual DOT/FAA/AS.90-1 Reliability and Performance of Fric- tion Meaturing Tires and Friction Equipment Core- Advisory Cireular_150/$320.12—"Measurement, Con- struction and Maintenance of Skid Resistant Airport Pavement Surfaces”™ Instruction and Servicing Tester—instruction and Servicing hit cision tuner te junction af ASTM Commitee 17 on "oer aasemen Techland ise et esponseley of Sakoes Inte F172 on Te ad Shae Cnc {Cone ction apron tie IS, 19), Pied Feta 1994 La "Asai trom Nanona Tech Tnlormaon Serve, Sap, VA cca om US. Depannent of Trancuaon Fees Anton Admin arin 800 Tadrenere ave SW, Wagon Be SP mas ian F165: the mater imme flag he desigton nist he es of va fla evn nomber pret ate tiene eo Tatra-Intertech Friction Tester—Instniction and Sev vicing Manual? J. Materials and Manufacture 3.1 The individual standard tires shall conform to the design standards of Section 6. Dimensions. weights, and Permissible variations are also given in Section 6 and in ips, Vand 2, 3.2 Tread compounding, fabric processing, and all steps fn te manufacturing shall be ceriied to ensure that the specifications are met (sce Section f, Test Methods), 3.3 The markings on the tire as shown in Fig. I shall be molded on both sides of the tie:* 3.4 Figure | shows a view ofthe tread surface and a side view of the standard, special purpose, smooth tread tire and Fig. 2 is atypical tite cross section with ential dimensions identified. 4. Material Requirements 4.1 The compounding requirements for the ti pound are given in Table | 4.2. The fabric shall be Nylon, 1260/2 Denier Nove |—Censin proprctary products have been specified since exact duplication of properties of he finshed re moy no be sehen ‘th other similar products. This inclusion des ot in any aay com ise recommendation for thee propriety products hor tains Simi products of other manufacturer, nor dee it imply ay sopee ‘ty ver any toh similar podocts 13 come 5. Physical Requirements 5.1 The physical gnd mechanical test requirements are sven in Table 2 6. Construction, Dimensions and Permissible Vs 6.1 Construction—The tire shall be a size 4.07.8, tuhe ‘wpe, four plies. Nylon cord, and bias constriction 6.2 Dimensions—Tread width shal be 2.4 + 0.1 in. (61 2.5 mm) the tead radius shall be 10.0 15 in, (284 38 ‘mm), the cross-sectional width shall be 4.10.15 in. (104 = 3.8 mmm, and the oitside diameter at the tread centerline ‘hall be 16.4 2 0.2 in. (417 § mm) when measured on a $ by 300D rinv at 30 + 08 pst (207 22 kPa) inflation pressure. See Fig. 2 which shows inlated dimensions of the 6.3 Trend—The tread surface shall he sipotl (hank) vale tm tertch Enpncemag Inc. 16S. Moet Qe. Low ogee C406 "SRSTME 185 ielsaaibie fom SpecsyTisef Ames he. 91600 Wangan Stans PAISGh & 1551 Suggest Mag on He Asta taste e155 taosome Fa. 1 Test Te ‘without any ribs or grooves. The tread shall havea thickness {£0.16 in. (4.1 mm and an under shid thickness of O.14 (0.03 in, (3.56 * 0.76 mm). ji 64 iWear Indicators—There will be four holes molded into the tive 0.16 in, (4.1 mm) deep and 0.125 in, (3.18 mm) ‘iameter, These fous wear indicators will alternate from one side of the tread centerline to the other and be spaced 90° spar. 7, Workmanship 7.1 Tires shall be free of defects in workmanship and material, 8, Test Methods 8.1 Tensile Sheet Cure—Practice D 3182. 8.2 Modulus (300 %)—Test Methods D 412. ae Swe FIG, 2 Tie Secton, acluding lated Dimensions 146 83 Tensile Sheet Durometer—Test Method D240, using a Type A Shore Duromete. ‘84 Restored Energy (Rebound or Resilience)—Test Method D 1054, 8.5 Specific Gravity—Test Methods D 297. 86 Tensile Sirength—Test Methods D 412 8.7 Elongation—Test Methods D 412. 88 Tire Tread Durometer—Test Method D2240, in addition 1o the following specific procedures 88.1 Use a Type A Durometer. A O.Sin, (12.7-mam) diameter presser foot, Shore, code XAHAF is recommended. ‘TABLE 1 Compounding of Toad Rubber* 7 Pere by Na oe 7500 30 30 Sataten 1 200 Ponta Woe 200 Sone $00 Proce D2 iter (05 Xsan) 37-5 par of great Seth popes nn preg wera er ent Ste ator fa ea Centon 765. TABLE 2. Physical Propaies of Trend Compound Taal Shoat Cre, ot 07 (RPC) ‘on naan pl (ura ou toon 0432) “ace see aot (fst Maid 02240, ‘ere ergy boca rennet Matod © 1084) Spaate pety Weoos © em ‘Ente eregtn mn pa (Pal (Tet aed 0412) Eengeton fa (est Meta D 412), Jee bona amet (test to 02240)@ € 1551 8.8.2 The durometer shal be cal hardness, 5 8.8.3 Condition the'tite and durometer to equilibrium at 134 & 36°F (23 + 2°C) before determining tread hardness. 8.84 The tire tread hardness is to be determined by averaping at least one set of six readings. Ast should consist ‘of readings taken at equally spaced intervals acros the Wed Ivis recommended that additional sets of readings be taken around the tread circumference. 8.8.5 Apply presser foot to the tire tread as rapidly as possible without shock, keeping the foot parallel to the tread surface, Apply just sufficient pressure to obtain firm contact between presser foot and tire tread surface. Read the durometer scale within 1 after presser foot isin contact with the tre tread, but after initial maximum transient which may ‘occur immediately after contact is made. 9. Certfieation 9.1 When specified in the purchase order or contrac, the purchaser shall be furnished certification that samples repre= senting each lot have been tested and inspected as directed in this specification, verifying that all requirements have been met. When specified in the purchase order ot contract, a ‘report of the test results shall be fmished. 9.2 The Annex to this specification contains the test procedures for determining the reliability, performance and consistency of the tres, ibrated at a reading of 60 10, Packaging and Preserention 10.4 The ites. shoul be stored in a dry area, at a temperature not exceeding 90°F (322°C) and in subdued light. Tires must not be stored neat electric motors, welders, OF other ozone generating equipment. The tire i not to be used as a standard test tire after more than one year storage by the consumer nor iit has been store! at more than BST (29.4°C) for more than 60 days, Ul, Recommendations for Tire Use and Operational Re- aviements 11.1 The tire is for measuring tir-pavement friction forces only and is not designed for general highway sevice 11.2 A new tire break-in sufficient to only remove the lossy tread surface is recommended before using the tre for testing, This break-in ime wal vary with pavement surface condition, speed, and test tre operating mode. 1.3 The tire shall be operated on fixed slip devices such as the Runway Friction Tester, the Surface Friction Tester, and the BV-11 Skiddometer Trailer. The inflation pressure used in the friction tre shall be 30 & 0.8 psi (207 + 3 SP) measured at ambient temperature (cold), 114 The recommended static test load on the friction tice shall be 200 2 2 Ib (890 + 9 N) with loading to a maximum (of 320: 3 IBF (1423 + 14) permissible, at 30 40.8 pi (207 3 kPa inflation pressure U.S When any irregular wear or damage results from testing or when the wear indieatrs are no longer visible, the Use ofthe fiction tre asa standard tes fection tte shall he discontinued. ANNEX (Mandatory Information) AL ALA Scope ALL! This specification describes the test procedures for ‘stablishing the reliability, performance, and consistency of the tire from bateh to batch, AL2 Certification AL2.1 The manufacturer of the tire will vertfy that ‘esting has been completed on each batch of tires. AL22 A certified testing company may be sub-contracted by the manufacturer to accomplish the testing and certifica tion according to these procedures. 1.2.3 Testing willbe conducted on a properly calibrate. fixed bcaking slip, continuous friction mensuring device (sce Hay ALS Tire Sampling 1.3.1 The number of tires randomly selected from each batch is determined from Table Al,1 AL.1.1 To ensure random selection of test tres, the tre manufacturer shall divide the batch into a8 many equal sublots as the number of test tires required by Table Al.1 One tre is then randomly selected from each sublot 147 TESTING THE E4551 TIRE FOR RELIABILITY, PERFORMANCE AND CONSISTENCY AL3.L.2 In addition to the current tires selected for ‘comparative testing with the previous batch tte. the mani facturer shall also retain and sroperly store the required ‘number of randomly selected tres from the current batch for foture comparative testing with the next batch of tires produced. (See Section 10). This will atways double the random sample size requirement given in Table Al-L ‘1.3.2 Each tite selected shall be properly labeled ace cording to sequential batch number and marked accordingly to the order of their selection ALA Test Surfaces ALA.1 Four test surfaces will be required a follows: AIA.L.1 Test Surface A: Mu values ranging fiom 0 to 16, AL4.1.2 Test Sorfice B: Mu values ranging feom 28 to 44 ALA Test Surface C: Mu values ranging from 55 to Thand Mo =p Cocca on, Snape m1 100 and pe te eaten te melted 10Gh £1551 {TABLE ALA” Random Sampling of Tes om Tre Baten Size 12 e ‘Acvapuance/Falure ‘A 4.).4 ‘lest Surface D: Mu values 84 and above AUP rue averaged Mu valus for cach of the wet sulin idenfed above is based on « rinicmum of 65 WNeves conducted at 40 mph (65 ban/b) Te ott The average Mu value shall be as close 10 He smiidie ofthe Tespective ranges as possible and the cont mid ion trace produced by the friction device shall Bs toes ently within a band width of =3 Mu numbers ae? 1a addition, the averaged Mu value for each test sofa shall not vary more than 23 Mu pumbers fom sae ato wae oblaed for that surface (A,B, C oF D) far the previous batch of tres ese The physical lengsh of each test suruce shall not tec Lad han 250 f (15 m) or greater than $00 f (052 ACME The data acquisition shall be taken, within dhe pipuial length ofeach tet surface where the fiction values Bhyetiized and are representative of the test surface. ALS Testing vaLS.1 The manufacturer or testing facility shall select cone line from the current batch of provided samples and one aoe sa the previous batch of provided samples. The tires will be properly ideutifie. TAPS Tests shall be conducted on originally dry pave, Tage surfaces using the friction device's selfwatering ett The water dep shall be 0.04 i, (Tem), applied 2 Pont ofthe friction measuring tires) a ane Srtninimize ambient temperature influences on ration? values, test tials shall be conducted when the cmperature is within 80 & 10°F (27 £ °C) aed A. sunirmum of si passes shall be conducted at each of two speeds, 40 and 60 mph (65 and 98 Km/h), 0% sacl fest sucace dzseribed in AL, using the tres selected under ALS.L ser A The remaining randomly selected tite samples scot each batch (Table AI-1) shall be tested once over each viele aet surfaces deseribed in Al.# at wo speeds, 40 and 60 fmph (65 and 95 ken/h). ALS Analysis of Test Data vai 61 When the test trials have been completed, stati wich Shatyees shall be conducted 10 develop the Lincay FReqeesin Line to establish the elibility, performance 4098 Aexrerency of te curreat tre batch with the previous tire ce Puraraph A.B detail the paraincters for conducting the statistical analysis Sean yc averaged Mu value forall ests conducted for cach speed shal be within One Standard Error of Estimate of cast pecmbers front the Linear Regression Line for each 2 yes tue sample of the previous ire batch versus the Tandom tire sample of the current ALES The averaged Mu yalue shall be within One 48 Standard Error of Esimate or £3 Mu numbers frome Stand) ealuloted Lintar Regression Lie, for each OF te sg randosn tire samples, (see ALS), for each test Surface, and (0 test speed. AL? Retestag ype anyone tails to meat the parumeters 2 oa nee 2 even in stata! prance of AL one of te te guy, umber al ee 2 Rabe ive in he fej column of Tabs ace yl ali. No fortbet esting wl AL thee ete re manutaccrer comple 8 Ot, Fn ihe ur apctiauon requrcmen Whe the ough check A raat the aw bal produced mes manufac i eguieren, qusioason tal ale reschedule. stele ay one ie fails wo meet the eaiversets RET BF on al g3, thos tes wil be ses sive cles Al jes are conducted f0 ensure thst fe Tse, ai mansnteny ocured caer in he conduct of uses ing pce, equment cals, OF the J pane of he sacl aoa. ‘ALS Parameters for the Statistical Analysis vAl.B.1 The thre sets detailed in the following parseraphs ait be met when conductiog the statistical analysis The must De the previous batch of ures shall be plated on 19 ead he current batch of ies shall be potted on the Yeaxis wats a mercept Se—The parameters for ths set are “gcnbes igto toe elements: Ioereept at X = 0, Slope of dees Represion Line, and fatercept at X = 190. ree rptercpt at X = O-—The parameter for allowable a? at his fatercept is £3 Mu numbers for One Standard Error of Estimate. ade D Slope of Linear Regression Line-—A pecect cottietzon ine is established when the Slope of the Rests sore equals 1,000. The parameter for whe allowable sn yom this line is £0080, or the slope range from (0920 to 1.080. RTE 3 dntercept at X= 100—The parameter for a10¥- abi vviance at ths intercept is #5 Mu numbers for One Standard Error of Estimate, gS The Coefficient Set—The parameters for this st are vided into two elements: the Coeficent of Correlation dnd the Coetlicient of Determination, ML Edt The Coeffciens of Correlation—The minimem aceopble value fo the Coefficient of Coreation i 098 sUB32 The Coeficient of Determination The mine mara aoceplabe value for the Coefficient of Determination iyo The Coeficient of Determination is calculated PY uuaring the Coefficient of Correlation. a andard Error of Estimate Set—Consist of IY cone clement, the Standard Error of Estimate. The paramete, aa ee) Mu numbers for One Standard Error of Esimate ALQ Precision and Bins TOO The analysis of data obtained with a fixed braking sip Continuous fiction measuring device operated by ©xPe> Fie cos operators, indicates that duplicated tests show Fe@ 1551 Deed ere en within #3 Mu numbers of the operator and under identi test conditions should not be ‘Steeped Ma value Tieton data obtained with hesame eoniered suey nce they differ by more than 5 %. yeaa tng Ma tt ut pcg yy ta os sas concen sir tn naa in see Spe id ay as Ke Sette 8 i pew 0 ek bison ch t,t way ah ay rena te at a mpl ce cas eda ys an ncaa therapies Teg amt san nd fl intl com eyes nada acannon winch eatery cea se ee a AS Soa ees et il parce ret ees See ayn ‘wt town othe AS Commo on Sandy Tae Mes Se Pasay Pea 19