PIR MEHAR ALI SHAH

ARID AGRICULTURE UNIVERSITY RAWALPINDI

CD SOLAR
MGT-699 PROJECT

BBA (2Year)

SESSION
2021-2023

SUPERVISED BY:
Mr. NAVEED KHAN
SUBMITTED BY:

ATEEQ AHMAD 21-ARID-4075

HAMZA MAJEED 21-ARID-3835
NAZIR SAMDANI 21-ARID-3838
SAMINA PARVEEN 21-ARID-3840

DEPARTMENT OF MANAGEMENT SCIENCES

BARANI INSTITUTE OF SCIENCES
BUREWALA CAMPUS
 Project
Report
(2023)

Project Report

Bachelor of Business Administration

Ateeq Ahmad 21-ARID-4075

Hamza Majeed 21-ARID-3835

Nazir Samdani 21-ARID-3838

Samina Parveen 21-ARID-3840

Specialization: Finance

Barani Institute of Sciences

BurewalaPir Mehr Ali Shah
Arid Agriculture University
RawalpindiPakistan
2023

Supervisor Name: Mr. Naveed Khan

Supervisor Telephone Number:
03143500200

Start Date for Project:

End Date of Project:

ii
 Report Date:
Evaluation

Ateeq Ahmad
Hamza Majeed
Nazir Samdani
Samina Parveen

Completed project on

CD solar Energy Production in Pakistan project report submitted for the Final
Evaluation inpartial Fulfillment of the requirement for the Degree of

Bachelor in Business Administration

It is certified that, the project report and the work contained in it conforms
to all thestandards set by the institute for the evaluation of any such work

1. ______________
Mr. Syad Karim Haider

2. ______________
Mr. Naveed Khan

3. ______________
Mr. Adnan Asif

Barani Institute of Sciences Burewala

Pir Mehr Ali Shah

Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi Pakistan
2023

iii
 DEDICATION

To all those who have supported, encouraged, challenged, and inspired me. And
specially to my beloved Parents, honorable teachers and friends for all their
guidance, love & attention which has made it possible for me to make it up to
thispoint and as well as the Internship Supervisors who bestowed me with the
courage, the commitment and the awareness to follow the best possible route, by
their unmatchable style and by best possible training.

iv
 DECLARATION

We are students of BBA (2 Year) program at Barani institute of Sciences

Burewala; a joint venture of PMAS Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi does
solemnly declare that the projects entitle: ' CD solar ' Submitted by us in partial
fulfillment of BBA (2 Year) program. This is our original work and has not been
presented for a degree in any other University.

Ateeq Ahmad (21-ARID-4075)

Hamza Majeed (21-ARID-3835)

Nazir Samdani (21-ARID-3838)

Samina Parveen (21-ARID-38

v
 CERTICATE OF APPROVAL
It is certified that the project titled “CD solar panel” carried out by Hamza Majeed (21-
ARID-3835) , Ateeq Ahmad (21-ARID-4075) Nazir Samdani (21-ARID-3838) and
Samina Parveen (21-ARID-3840) under the supervision of Mr. Naveed Khan, Arid
University Barani Institute Of Science Of Burewala is fully adequate in scope and in
quality as a final year project for the degree of Bachelor Of Burewala Of Management
Science.

Internal Examiner: ___________________________

Mr. Syed Karim Haider
Lecture

Dept. of Management Sciences

ARID University, Barani Institute of Science Burewala

Supervisor: Incharge ___________________________

Department Mr. Naveed Khan

Lecture

Dept. of Management Sciences

ARID University, Barani Institute of Science Burewala

HOD: ___________________________
Mr. Adnan Asif

Deputy Director

Dept. of Management Sciences

ARID University, Barani Institute of Science Burewala

vi
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

Firstly, we thanks to Almighty ALLAH who give us ability to perform any task
otherwisewe are unable to accomplish any objective in our life. All Respect to his
Holy Prophet HAZART MUHAMMAD (PBUH) who bring the brightness of
knowledge when the humanity was wandering in the lack of knowledge.

We would like to thanks and sincerely acknowledge the help of our supervisor
Mr. Naveed Khan whose completed guidance, support and encouragement gave
us a real motivation in doing this project. We would like to thanks all the
volunteers who helped usout while testing of this application. Lastly, we would
like to thank all the facultymembers of BIS Arid Agriculture University Burewala
for their help. time, and support that were gladly given to us on the time of need.

Ateeq Ahmad

(21-ARID-4075)

Hamza Majeed

(21-ARID-3835)

Nazir Samdani

(21-ARID-3838)

Samina Parveen

(21-ARID-3840)

vii
 Table of Contents

Executive Summary ................................................................................................... 12

1 Introduction ............................................................................................................. 12
1.1 History ................................................................................................................ 13
1.2 Problem ............................................................................................................. 14
1.3 Solution .............................................................................................................. 14
1.4 Mission Statement .............................................................................................. 14
1.5 Vision Statement ................................................................................................ 14
1.6. Purpose .............................................................................................................. 14
1.7 Job Description................................................................................................... 15
1.8 Requirements and skills ..................................................................................... 15
1.9 Duties and Responsibilities of an Electrical Mechanic ...................................... 15
1.10. Equipment’s .................................................................................................... 15
1.11 Market .............................................................................................................. 16
1.12 Competition ...................................................................................................... 16
2. Organizational Summary ...................................................................................... 17
2.1 Company ownership ........................................................................................... 17
2.2 Financial ............................................................................................................. 17
2.3 Company Detail.................................................................................................. 17
2.4 Age ..................................................................................................................... 18
2.5 Qualification ....................................................................................................... 18
2.6 Experience .......................................................................................................... 18
3. Project Description ................................................................................................ 19
3.1 Description ......................................................................................................... 19
3.1.1 Materials ...................................................................................................... 19
3.1.2 Manufacturing Process ................................................................................ 19
3.1.3 Efficiency..................................................................................................... 20
3.1.4 Advantage and Disadvantage ...................................................................... 20
3.1.5 Applications ................................................................................................. 20
3.2 Location .............................................................................................................. 21
3.3 Contact Number ................................................................................................. 21
3.4 Email address ..................................................................................................... 21
3.5 Target Area ......................................................................................................... 21
3.5 Skilled staff members ......................................................................................... 21

vii
i
 3.5.1 Why us? Verified ......................................................................................... 22
3.5.2 Service Reliability ...................................................................................... 22
3.5.3.Why should clean time to time .................................................................... 22
3.6 List of CD solar panel we provide ..................................................................... 23
The Appliances Use on 1.8KW CD solar System .................................................... 23
4. Marketing Plan ...................................................................................................... 24
4.1 Type of customers .............................................................................................. 24
4.2. Target markets: .................................................................................................. 25
4.3 Nature of market................................................................................................. 25
4.4 Market segmentation .......................................................................................... 25
4.5. Future prospects of the market .......................................................................... 25
4.6. Marketing and promotional strategies ............................................................... 26
4.7 Sales objective .................................................................................................... 27
4.8 Marketing cost of the project ............................................................................. 27
4.8.1 The marketing objectives for CD Solar Panels are as follows: ................... 28
4.8.2 Competitive Analysis .................................................................................. 28
4.9 Product Positioning ............................................................................................ 29
4.9.1 Brand Awareness and Recognition.............................................................. 29
4.10 Promotional Activities...................................................................................... 29
4.11 Distribution Channels....................................................................................... 29
4.12 Customer Relationship Management ............................................................... 29
4.12 Budget Allocation ............................................................................................ 30
4.13 Market share of proposed venture .................................................................... 30
5. Management Plan .................................................................................................. 32
5.1 Inspection and Monitoring ................................................................................. 32
5.2 Cleaning ............................................................................................................ 32
5.3 Preventive Maintenance ..................................................................................... 32
5.4 Performance Analysis ........................................................................................ 33
5.5 Safety and Security............................................................................................. 33
5.6 Warranty and Repairs ......................................................................................... 33
5.8 System Upgrades and Retrofits .......................................................................... 33
5.9 End-of-Life Planning.......................................................................................... 34
5.10 Details about the management ......................................................................... 34
5.10.1 Duties and responsibilities of marketing manager : .................................. 34
5.10.2 Operations Manager Responsibilities ........................................................ 35

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 5.10.3 Call Receiver (Samina Parveen) responsibilities:...................................... 36
5.11 current personnel needs of the organization:.................................................... 37
5.12 Method of managing the business: ................................................................... 39
5.13 Plans for hiring and training personnel ............................................................ 39
5.14 The Hiring Process ........................................................................................... 41
5.15 Programmes and policies of the management: ............................................... 43
6. Financial Aspect ..................................................................................................... 45
6.1 Initial Investment................................................................................................ 45
6.2 Funding Sources ................................................................................................. 45
6.2.1 Government Grants...................................................................................... 45
6.2.2 Private Investors .......................................................................................... 45
6.2.3 Bank Loans .................................................................................................. 45
6.3 Return on Investment (ROI) ............................................................................... 45
6.4 Operational and Maintenance Costs ................................................................... 46
6.5 Payback Period ................................................................................................... 46
6.6 Long-Term Benefits ........................................................................................... 46
6.7 Geographical Potential for investment ............................................................... 47
6.8 Key Assumptions ............................................................................................... 49
7. Technical Aspect .................................................................................................... 50
7.2 Why Is It Worth Linking The Technical Specifications .................................... 51
7.3 Equipment’s: ...................................................................................................... 52
7.4 Government Policies Affecting CD Solar Panel Projects: ................................. 53
8. Project implementation: ........................................................................................ 54
9. Social Responsibilities: .......................................................................................... 59
10. Conclusion/ Limitations ...................................................................................... 61
11. References ............................................................................................................. 63

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 List of Table
3.1 Electricity unit production ..................................................................................... 23
3.2 Appliance Used ..................................................................................................... 23
6.1 Project Cost ............................................................................................................ 47
6.2 Building/Infrastructure........................................................................................... 48
6.3 Computer Equipment ............................................................................................ 48
6.4 Human Resource Management .............................................................................. 48
6.5 Operating Cost Assumption ................................................................................... 49

xi
 Executive Summary
The CD Solar Panel is an innovative photovoltaic technology that aims to revolutionize
the solar energy industry. This executive summary outlines the key features, benefits,
and market potential of the CD Solar Panel.

The CD Solar Panel is a state-of-the-art solar energy solution developed by a team of

experts in the field of renewable energy. It incorporates cutting-edge materials and
advanced manufacturing processes, offering unparalleled efficiency and durability. The
CD Solar Panel boasts significantly higher efficiency rates compared to traditional
photovoltaic panels, ensuring optimal energy conversion and maximum power output.
The panel's robust design and high-quality components guarantee exceptional
longevity, reducing maintenance costs and extending the product's lifespan. The CD
Solar Panel is equipped with adaptive technology, allowing it to perform efficiently in
various weather conditions and orientations, enhancing overall energy generation with
its superior efficiency, the CD Solar Panel can generate more electricity from the same
sunlight exposure, leading to higher energy yields and greater savings for consumers.
By harnessing clean and renewable solar energy, the CD Solar Panel contributes to
reducing carbon emissions and mitigating climate change, making it an
environmentally responsible choice. Despite its advanced technology, the CD Solar
Panel is competitively priced, ensuring a reasonable return on investment for both
residential and commercial customers.

We have allocated a marketing, budget of 4880000 PKR for the first year and plan to
invest 2-3 percent of our annual revenue in marketing activities moving forward. Our
startup costs, including equipment, legal fees, marketing expenses, and laundry
supplies, amount to an initial investment of 4880000 PKR.

A comparative analysis shows that the CD Solar Panel outperforms many competitors
in terms of efficiency, durability, and overall value. Its competitive pricing further
strengthens its market position.

xii
 1 Introduction
At the heart of the CD solar Panel project are state-of-the-art photovoltaic panels that
efficiently convert sunlight into electrical power. These CD solar panel use
semiconductor technology to capture photons from the sun and create an electric
current, producing a continuous and reliable source of energy.

Unlike fossil fuels, which deplete natural resources and contribute to pollution, CD
solar power is renewable and virtually unlimited. The CD solar Panel project
contributes to a sustainable energy future by generating electricity without emitting
greenhouse gases or harmful pollutants.

The CD solar Panel project plays a vital role in reducing the carbon footprint and
combating climate change. By utilizing CD solar energy, we help preserve natural
resources, protect biodiversity, and contribute to a healthier planet for future
generations.

With the CD solar Panel project, we pave the way for increased energy independence.
By generating electricity locally from the abundant sunlight, we reduce reliance on
external energy sources and increase resilience in the face of energy supply disruptions.

The flexibility of CD solar panel allows for various applications, from small-scale
residential installations to large commercial and industrial projects. They can be
integrated into buildings, installed in CD solar farms, and even deployed in off-grid
locations to power remote communities.

Investing in CD solar energy through the CD solar Panel project can yield substantial
economic benefits. It creates green jobs, stimulates local economies, and reduces
energy costs for homeowners, businesses, and institutions.

The CD solar Panel project represents a commitment to sustainability and responsible

environmental stewardship. By adopting clean energy solutions, we demonstrate our
dedication to leaving a positive impact on the planet and preserving it for future
generations.

The success of the CD solar Panel project hinges on collaboration and community
engagement. We work closely with local stakeholders, governments, and organizations

12
to identify suitable sites, address concerns, and build a shared vision of a cleaner and
more sustainable future.

With the CD solar Panel project, we contribute to the broader global effort to transition
to renewable energy sources and combat the challenges posed by climate change. By
embracing CD solar power, we take a crucial step towards a greener and more
sustainable energy landscape.

In conclusion, the CD solar Panel project represents a transformative initiative that

harnesses the power of CD solar energy to create a more sustainable and eco-friendly
world. Through innovation, collaboration, and a commitment to cleaner energy, we
aspire to drive positive change and lead the way towards a brighter, greener future.

1.1 History

Pakistan has some of the highest values of insolation in the world, with eight to nine
hours of sunshine per day, ideal climatic conditions for CD solar power generation. The
purpose of this project report is to provide a comprehensive overview of the CD solar
Panel project. This report will outline the objectives, methodologies, and outcomes of
the project, along with an evaluation of its success and potential future developments.

However, the country has been slow to adopt the technology. The country has CD solar
plants in Pakistani Kashmir, Punjab, Sindh and Baluchistan. Initiatives are under
development by the International Renewable Energy Agency, the Japan International
Cooperation Agency, Chinese companies, and Pakistani private sector energy
companies. The country aims to build the world’s largest CD solar power park, the
Quaid-e-Azam CD solar Power Park (QASP) in the Cholistan Desert, Punjab, by 2017
with a 1 GW capacity. A plant of this size would be enough to power around 320,000
homes.

CD solar Panel is an innovative and cutting-edge CD solar energy project that harnesses
the power of the sun to generate clean, renewable electricity. Developed with the aim
of promoting sustainable energy practices and mitigating the impact of climate change,
the CD solar Panel initiative represents a significant step towards a greener and more
sustainable future.

13
The CD solar Panel project offers a sustainable energy solution that reduces our
dependence on fossil fuels and minimizes harmful greenhouse gas emissions. By
converting CD solar energy into electricity, these CD solar panel provide a clean and
eco-friendly alternative to traditional energy sources.

1.2 Problem
Today, there is a huge problem in our country. The price of the unit of electricity bills
has increased a lot. Due to which people facing the problem. Apart from this, our
government is also under a lot of pressure for electricity. Because the government is
not able to meet the consumption of electricity in our entire country, due to which our
consumption is high and production is low. So today this is the major issue facing our
country.

1.3 Solution
Our company is to provide the best CD solar panel services to handle the current
electricity problem. And it can also reduce the electricity cost. Our company will
provide this service at an afford able price. Due to which our customers are very satisfy
to use our service.

1.4 Mission Statement

Our mission is to provide low cost electricity everywhere in the homes as well as in
offices or to reduce work load of Government.

1.5 Vision Statement

Our vision is to become Pakistan's largest CD solar Installation services providers

1.6. Purpose
The purpose of this project report is to provide a comprehensive overview of the CD
solar Panel project. This report will outline the objectives, methodologies, and
outcomes of the project, along with an evaluation of its success and potential future
developments.

Our purpose is not to produce electricity, but also facilitate people to tackle upcoming
electricity issues in Pakistan.

14
1.7 Job Description
A electricity provider is a service industry company insure that to provide best service
on the workplace. Workers perform range of duties, including install inverter, batteries,
wires, structure, CD solar panel, green meter etc. They also make sure all worker
performs well.

1.8 Requirements and skills

 Proven working experience as a Electrical Mechanical

 Ability to handle heavy equipment and machinery
 Knowledge of CD solar Electricity Equipment and supplies
 Familiarity with Material Safety Data Sheets
 Integrity
 Electrical Diploma

1.9 Duties and Responsibilities of an Electrical Mechanic

An electrical mechanic is responsible for all basics technical work in and around the
workplace. This can entail wiring, build structure, install inverter install CD solar panel
etc. Insuring all wires are covered, use safety tools, light arrester and another important
responsibility of mechanic.

1.10. Equipment’s
 CD solar panel
 Batteries
 Protective equipment (gloves, masks, goggles)
 Inverters
 Wires
 Iron for structure
 Conductors
 Plastic pipes
 PVC tapes
 Light arrester
 Ground Mounts, Ballasted Roof Mounts

15
1.11 Market

In this we are targeting the area up to our district level because if we talk about over
area a part from over all Pakistan, people here how know aim is to make as many people
aware about this CD solar in our district level. So that people can benefit from it. And
our second target is to provide service to big company or industry.

1.12 Competition

Our competitors also provide their services all over the Pakistan. When these companies
provide their services in specific area, its cost price increase. Now; we introduced it, in
specific area. Therefore; its cost price is reduced and we will use the best equipment.it
works efficiently and in friendly environment. And their life cycle increase. Some
Competitor Companies are as follows

 Smart CD solar
 CD solar Master
 Pak CD solar Renewable Energy
 Pak CD solar Services
 Galaxy CD solar Pakistan

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 2. Organizational Summary

We will provide CD solar panel service in different forms. We are highly dedicated to
provide best CD solar panel service throughout our district level. We are ready to
provide our CD solar panel services at reasonable rates 24 hours, and seven days a
week. Which is according to the specific expectations of our clients. We will always
struggle to provide CD solar service at district level at low cost to meet the requirement
of our clients.

2.1 Company ownership

Our CD solar service provider company has become a partnership base company. Each
partner will agree to share the profit, loss, financial and legal liability of the co
company.

2.2 Financial
Our start-up cost includes equipment needed for home and office based initial legal
fees, marketing fees, electrical equipment and sign for employee’s vehicles.  Source
of fund: We have invested 1000,000 for starting the business.

2.3 Company Detail

 Company Name:
CD solar corporation limited.

 Company address:
37 Phatak Multan Road Burewala

 E-Mail address:
CDCD solar8288@gmail.com

 Contact Number:
03052411793

03040791068

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2.4 Age
 The average age of an employed and technician are 30 to 49 years old.
 All employee and technical worker is men.
 The majority of workers are located in Burewala and near areas.
 Worker and Technician are paid an average annual salary of 2,40,000.

2.5 Qualification
We need a skilled and qualified worker. A good technician need the right skills and
qualification. Being able to handle technical work and technician must be able to
multitask and stick to their schedule while also responding to incident as they occur
throughout the day.

Other skills include:-

 Communication
 Interpersonal skills
 Proactivity
 Excellent communication and organization skills.
 The ability to work independently with minimum supervision.
 The ability to follow health and safety standards
 Time management

2.6 Experience
We are hiring one to three-year experience for technical work. For office work We are
hire fresh or experience worker.

18
 3. Project Description

Our company CD solar service provider offering its services domestically and
commercially. At CD solar provider our priority is simple to do the best we can to
contribute to safe, secure and ethical spaces across the region, be that within your family
home or your offices. To facilitate this all of our staff are vetted and trained in lieu with
international regulations and standards with all of our services considerate of their
environment impact not only for you and those around you, but also for generations to
come. Our mission is simple to provide a sustainable and ethical services which is
committed to delivering the highest standards of CD solar services. We aim to be the
leading services providers of ecofriendly CD solar services to the domestic and
commercial sector.

As of my last update in September 2021, CD (Cadmium Telluride) solar panels are a

type of thin-film solar technology used to generate electricity from sunlight. Below is
a detailed description of CD solar panels and their main characteristics:

CD solar panels belong to the thin-film category of photovoltaic cells. Unlike traditional
silicon-based solar panels that use thick layers of crystalline silicon, thin-film panels
use much thinner layers of semiconductor materials. This allows for lighter and more
flexible panels, making them suitable for certain applications.

3.1 Description

3.1.1Materials
The key materials in CD solar panels are cadmium telluride, which serves as the
semiconductor and cadmium sulfide. These materials absorb sunlight and convert it
into electricity through the photovoltaic effect.

3.1.2 Manufacturing Process

CD solar panels are produced through a process called "vapor deposition." In this
method, the semiconductor material is deposited as a thin layer onto a substrate, which
is usually made of glass or another transparent material. The process is relatively
simpler and cheaper than manufacturing traditional silicon-based panels, which
contributes to their lower cost.

19
3.1.3 Efficiency
CD solar panels have had lower efficiency compared to silicon-based panels. However,
they have improved significantly over the years and can now achieve respectable
efficiency levels, with some panels reaching around 20% efficiency.

3.1.4 Advantage and Disadvantage

Advantages

- Cost-Effective: The manufacturing process is less expensive than that of silicon

panels, making them cost-competitive in the solar market.

- High-Temperature Performance: CD panels typically perform better at higher

temperatures compared to traditional silicon panels, making them suitable for certain
climates.

- Low Light Conditions: CD panels are better at producing electricity in low light or
diffused sunlight conditions, making them perform well on cloudy days.

Disadvantages

- Lower Efficiency: While their efficiency has improved, CD panels still generally
have lower efficiency than some of the more advanced silicon panels.

- Toxicity Concerns: Cadmium, one of the main components, is toxic, and there are
concerns about the proper disposal and recycling of CD panels.

3.1.5 Applications
CD solar panels are used in various applications, including large-scale solar power
plants, commercial installations, and some residential projects. Due to their cost
advantages and performance in certain conditions, they can be a good choice for
specific projects.

It's important to note that the solar industry is constantly evolving, and there may have
been further advancements or changes in CD technology since my last update. If you're
considering a CD solar panel project, it's best to consult with manufacturers and
industry experts to get the most up-to-date information on their specifications,
efficiency, and suitability for your specific needs. Additionally, always be mindful of
environmental and safety regulations concerning the use and disposal of solar panels
containing cadmium.

20
3.2 Location

37 Phatak Multan Road Burewala

3.3 Contact Number

03052411793

03040791068

3.4 Email address

CDCD solar8288@gmail.com

3.5 Target Area

We targeting the district level, and then we starting the online services provider at CD
solar services whether you call in directly or contact us digitally our team is standing
by 7 days a week.

3.5 Skilled staff members

Below we have complied a list of the most important skills for a CD solar team member.
We ranked the top skills based on the percentage of CD solar team member. Let's find
out what skills a CD solar team member actually needs in order to be successful in the
workplace.

 Communication 19.4% 18

 Safety Standards 18.1%

 Equipment Issues 14.9%

 Customer Service 12.3%

 Positive Attitude 6.4%

 Technical skills 15.4

 Other Skills 13.5% 3.6. Services:

 CD solar Installation

 Inverter Installation

21
 Net Metering

 Batteries

 Structure

 Circuit wires

 Light arrester

3.5.1 Why us? Verified

Employers verify employment history to confirm the information provided by a

candidate is true; the work experience is sufficient to meet the position’s requirements;
and past titles, achievements, or responsibilities are valid. Employment Verification
helps you:

 Hire qualified candidates more quickly

 Ensure the candidate’s employment history is accurate

 Confirm the candidate has the skills and experience required

 Mitigate risk of hiring a candidate with false credentials

3.5.2 Quality control

Regular quality controls for consistent of high standards.

3.5.3 Service Reliability

First-rate service reliability through the managed absence cover.

Flexibility: A flexible service tailored to your specific needs.

Guarantee: The life cycle of the CD solar panel approximately 15 year if the customer
face problem so, we are sitting here to providing after service.

3.5.4.Why should clean time to time

CD solar panel need to clean up time to time, therefore we maintain their efficiency.

Increase their life cycle through this cleaning.

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When we clean up time to time their working capacity better for previous record.
Reliability of first-rate service through absence management.

3.6 List of CD solar panel we provide

 6 Volt CD solar Panel

 12 Volt CD solar Panel

 18 Volt CD solar Panel

 24 Volt CD solar Panel

 30 Volt CD solar Panel

 Units Production Table

3.1 Electricity unit production

Monthly Electricity Units System Capacity

50-60 330W CD solar System
80-90 510W CD solar System
120-130 750W CD solar System
150-200 1.1KW CD solar System
250-300 1.8KW CD solar System
The Appliances Use on 1.8KW CD
solar System

Table 3.2 Appliance Used

Appliances Number
Fans (DC) 2
Lights 10
Refrigerator 1
Water Pumps 0
LED TV 1
Washing Machine 1

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 4. Marketing Plan

Plan CD solar panel services are highly profitable and money making business that can
be instigated at really high investment in first time but in future get relaxation.
Moreover, concentration on just a few factors can escalate your CD solar panel services
business and make it reach heights. These factors are efficient technical skills and a
powerful CD solar service business marketing plan.

The quality of services which you provide to your customers lies solely in your hands,
but for your CD solar panel company marketing, you can reply on a proficient
marketing company too.

When it comes to CD solar panel services business marketing, you should always
follow strategies that a professional would follow. If you want potential customer
potential customers to find your CD solar panel services, you have to reach them exactly
at the point when they search for you at the precise moment when they are searching
online for “CD solar services production in whole district level” or office “Amjad
Town”.

4.1 Type of customers

We are targeting all classes of our district level which included:

 Upper class

 Middle class

 Lower class We are going to facilitate each class by different way like:

 Upper class never compromise on any problem due to this certain reason they
fixed their house with CD solar system.

 Middle class people also never compromise. They considered/or have focuses
on a portion of their house to install CD solar system.

 Lower class have low level of income. That’s why to get benefit from CD solar
system they never install it, they just use some CD solar panel.

24
4.2. Target markets:
We are targeting some elite class areas of district level,

 Vehari City Area

 Burewala City Area

 Gagoo City Area

 Rural area of this District

 Colleges

 Universities

 Houses

 Hospitals

 Offices

4.3 Nature of market

We are targeting some elite class areas of Burewala city, which have colleges
universities, hospitals, houses, and offices etc.

4.4 Market segmentation

We have segmented Burewala city in to 3 main markets, one market include all the
hospitals of Burewala city, second market includes all the universities, and colleges,
and third market will target all the houses

4.5. Future prospects of the market

Designed a unique corporate logo

Place adverts on both print and electronic media platform

Sponsor relevant TV programs

Maximize our company’s website to promote our business

25
 Leverage on the internet and social media platforms like; Instagram’ Facebook,
and other platforms to promote our corporate brand

Install our bills boards on strategic locations  Distribute our fliers and handbills
in targeted areas from time to time.

4.6. Marketing and promotional strategies

We are adopting robust marketing and promotional strategies to ensure our message
resonates with our clients. This includes the following methods that will prove useful
in enabling us to achieve our objective.

 Partnership with small and big business: we have identified an effective marketing
and promotional strategy which has to do with entering in to useful partnerships.
Such partners include both small and big businesses affiliated with the CD solar
company. Real estate agents and brokers are valuable to this drive.

 Showcasing our expertise: As CD solar services with ambitious growth plans, there
are plans to showcase our services to our market. One such plan includes pitching
some great content written about our business to local magazines and newspaper.

 Incentive referrals: In the course of doing business, satisfied clients are likely to
refer to our CD solar service to others. We have identified this as a unique way to
market and promote our services.

 Targeted Ads: Targeted ads continue to be an effective marketing tool. Social

media, help, and several other platforms give us this advantage. We can narrow in
on our target market with specialized ads.

 Direct Marketing Directly marketing our CD solar services is an additional strategy

we’ve identified. We will be sending out special offers, capability brochures, and
sales letters to our target market.

 Publicity And Press Releases This will make use of both electronic and print media
channels such as radio, TV, newspapers, and magazines.

26
4.7 Sales objective

We are quite aware that there are several top mark CD solar services companies that
are in full operation in Pakistan and we know that there are competition in the smart
CD solar 24 industry but there will be monopoly of us in Vehari District hence we are
able to carefully craft out the benefits that our esteem customers stands to gain when
the hire our services. We are certain that all those who patronize our services are going
to get value for their money. These are the benefits that a client stands to gain when
they hire our CD solar services

 Quality CD solar services delivery

 Timely CD solar services delivery

 Competitive prices and discounts based on loyalty and referrals

 Flexibility of service delivery to fit into the schedule of our customers

 Professionalism of the highest order from our staff members (Technician,

supervisors and management)

4.8 Marketing cost of the project

It is very important that money is set aside for the sale purpose of advertising our good.
This is Because of what we have set to achieve as a corporate CD solar services provider
company our marketing budget will be put at 200,000 PKR between our first years of
operations and subsequently we intend to dedicate between 10 – 15 percent of our
annual revenue to marketing of our CD solar services. Estimating Start–Up Cost for
CD solar Service Provider Company Business was Based on the following factors;
When it comes to starting a standard commercial CD solar company business, you
would need the services of the following professionals;

Manager (Owner)

Human Resources and Admin Manager

Accountant/Cashier

Marketing and Sales Executive

27
 Client Service Executive/Front Desk Officer

Technician

Cost of marketing almost 200,000

The marketing plan for CD Solar Panels aims to establish and promote the brand as a
leading provider of cost-effective and efficient solar panel systems. Through a
comprehensive marketing strategy, the plan outlines the target market, competitive
analysis, promotional activities, and distribution channels to achieve the desired
objectives.

4.8.1 The marketing objectives for CD Solar Panels are as follows:

 Increase brand awareness and recognition in the solar energy market.

 Capture a significant market share within the first year of product launch.

 Position CD Solar Panels as a reliable and sustainable energy solution.

 Generate consistent sales growth and establish long-term customer

relationships.

 Our target market for CD Solar Panels consists of the following segments:

Residential: Homeowners looking to reduce energy costs and decrease their

environmental footprint.

Commercial: Small and medium-sized businesses seeking to lower their operational

expenses and enhance their sustainability initiatives.

Government and Institutions: Municipalities, educational institutions, and

government agencies looking to invest in renewable energy sources.

4.8.2 Competitive Analysis

To effectively position the CD Solar Panels in the market, a thorough analysis of
competitors and their offerings is essential. Key competitors in the solar panel industry
include:

 Company A: Known for their high-efficiency panels but relatively higher

prices.

28
  Company B: Offers a range of budget-friendly panel options but with lower
efficiency ratings.

 Company C: Focuses on commercial installations, providing custom solutions

for larger-scale projects.

To differentiate CD Solar Panels from competitors, the marketing strategy will

highlight the unique selling points, such as the panel's high energy conversion rate, cost-
effectiveness, and optimized design.

The marketing strategy for CD Solar Panels will be based on the following key
elements:

4.9 Product Positioning

Position CD Solar Panels as a superior and cost-effective solution that delivers high
efficiency, durability, and long-term performance.

4.9.1 Brand Awareness and Recognition

Increase brand visibility through various marketing channels, including online and
offline platforms. Develop a strong brand identity, logo, and consistent messaging.

4.10 Promotional Activities

Implement targeted promotional campaigns to create market demand and highlight the
advantages of CD Solar Panels. This will include digital marketing, social media
advertising, content creation, participation in industry events, and collaborations with
influencers.

4.11 Distribution Channels

Establish strategic partnerships with reputable solar energy distributors, retailers, and
installer to reach the target market effectively. Provide training and support to ensure
proper installation and customer satisfaction.

4.12 Customer Relationship Management

Implement a robust customer relationship management system to build and maintain
long-term customer relationships. This will include providing excellent customer
service, offering warranty and after-sales support, and gathering customer feedback for
continual improvement.

29
4.12 Budget Allocation
 The marketing budget for CD Solar Panels will be allocated as follows:

 Digital Marketing: 40% - Invest in online advertising, search engine

optimization, social media marketing, and content creation.

 Traditional Marketing: 20% - Allocate funds for print advertisements,

brochures, direct mail, and outdoor billboards.

 Events and Sponsorships: 15% - Participate in industry trade shows, sponsor

relevant events, and host educational seminars.

 Public Relations: 10% - Generate media coverage and press releases to increase
brand visibility.

 Sales Promotion: 10% - Offer incentives, discounts, and referral programs to

encourage sales.

 Customer Relationship Management: 5% - Invest in CRM software and

systems to enhance customer engagement and support.

 This marketing plan outlines a strategic approach to position CD Solar Panels

as a leading provider of cost-effective and efficient solar panel systems. By
targeting specific market segments, implementing a comprehensive marketing
strategy, and effectively communicating the unique selling points, the objective
of increasing brand awareness, capturing significant market share, and
achieving sales growth can be realized. Continuous monitoring and evaluation
will allow for adjustments and optimization of the marketing efforts to ensure
long-term success in the solar energy industry.

4.13 Market share of proposed venture:

The Pakistani CD solar energy market is expected to record a CAGR of more than
2.5% during the forecast period of 2022-2027. The COVID-19 pandemic had a multi-
faceted impact on the Pakistani CD solar energy market. The residential CD solar
energy market benefited from a sharp decline in installations from 45 rps/Volt in
January 2020 to 35 rps/Volt in April 2020. The increased adoption of residential CD

30
solar energy was backed up by high grid tariffs, and at the same time, the pandemic
caused procurement delays for business projects. Factors such as the declining cost of
CD solar power technology, the flexibility, and the greener method of power generation
are likely to drive the Pakistani CD solar energy market during the forecast period.
However, the market is expected to be hampered by issues like transmission and
distribution losses and unpredictability in the continuity of power supply.The policy
stipulates no taxation for the imported plant equipment and machinery used in the
manufacturing of Alternative Renewable Energy Technology end-consumer items,
such as CD solar panel.

Under the policy, the Alternative Energy Development Board is likely to set up an
Institute of Renewable Energy Technologies to impart academic qualifications and
undertake research in the field of renewable energy, under which CD solar energy is
also a part.

Furthermore, the Pakistani government also maintains a net metering scheme where
residential CD solar system owners can feed surplus electricity into the grid to earn
credits, making the residential CD solar energy systems lucrative. Thus, taking into
account the government initiatives and policies, the Pakistani CD solar energy market
is expected to grow further during the forecast period

31
 5. Management Plan

As of my last update in September 2021, there is no widely known or common type of

"CD Solar panel" in the solar industry. It's possible that there have been some new
developments or niche technologies that I'm not aware of, but based on the current
knowledge, I can provide a general solar panel management plan that applies to typical
photovoltaic (PV) solar panels. If "CD" refers to a specific technology or a company
name, please provide more context so that I can tailor the plan accordingly. Here's a
detailed management plan for a standard PV solar panel system:

5.1 Inspection and Monitoring

 Regularly inspect the solar panel array to ensure there is no physical damage, such
as cracks or corrosion, which could affect performance.

 Implement a monitoring system to track the energy production and overall health
of each solar panel in real-time. This can help identify any underperforming panels
or potential issues.

5.2 Cleaning

 Develop a schedule for cleaning the solar panels to remove dirt, dust, bird
droppings, and other debris that might reduce the panel's efficiency.

 Ensure that cleaning is performed using appropriate methods and equipment to

avoid damaging the panels.

5.3 Preventive Maintenance

Perform periodic preventive maintenance on the entire solar PV system, including

inverters, wiring, and mounting structures, to identify and address any potential issues
proactively.

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5.4 Performance Analysis

 Regularly analyze the energy output of the solar panel system to assess its
performance and compare it against expected values or historical data.

 Identify any significant deviations and take corrective actions as needed.

5.5 Safety and Security

 Ensure that the solar panel installation complies with safety standards and
regulations.

 Implement security measures to protect the solar panels from theft and vandalism.

5.6 Warranty and Repairs

 Keep track of the warranty periods of the solar panels and other system components.

 If any issues arise during the warranty period, contact the manufacturer or installer
to address them under warranty coverage.

5.7 Training and Documentation

 Train personnel responsible for managing the solar panel system on maintenance
procedures and safety protocols.

 Maintain detailed documentation of maintenance activities, repairs, and any

changes made to the system.

5.8 System Upgrades and Retrofits

Consider system upgrades or retrofits to improve performance, efficiency, or safety,

based on advancements in technology or changes in energy needs.

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5.9 End-of-Life Planning

Develop a plan for the end-of-life management of solar panels, including recycling or
proper disposal in compliance with environmental regulations.

Please note that this plan is a general guideline for managing typical solar panel
systems. If "CD Solar panel" refers to a specific technology or company, it's essential
to understand the unique characteristics and requirements of that particular system to
create a tailored management plan. Additionally, any solar panel management plan
should be adapted based on factors such as the size of the installation, location, climate,
and budget considerations.

5.10 Details about the management

 Owners/sales marketing managers (Ateeq Ahmad)

 Operations managers (Hamza Majeed)

 Call Receiver (Samina Parveen)

 Office managers/ web administrator (Nazir Samdani)

5.10.1 Duties and responsibilities of marketing manager :

To be a successful sales and marketing manager, you should have strong
interpersonal, leadership, and communication skills. You should also possess an
in-depth knowledge and understanding of sales and marketing.

 Promoting the company's existing brands and introducing new products to the
market.

 Analyzing budgets, preparing annual budget plans, scheduling expenditures,

and ensuring that the sales team meets their quotas and goals.

 Researching and developing marketing opportunities and plans, understanding

consumer requirements, identifying market trends, and suggesting system
improvements to achieve the company's marketing goals.

 Gathering, investigating, and summarizing market data and trends to draft

reports.

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  Implementing new sales plans and advertising.

 Recruiting, training, scheduling, coaching, and managing marketing and sales

teams to meet sales and marketing human resource objectives.

 Maintaining relationships with important clients by making regular visits,

understanding their needs, and anticipating new marketing opportunities.

 Staying current in the industry by attending educational opportunities,

conferences, and workshops, reading publications, and maintaining personal
and professional networks.

5.10.2 Operations Manager Responsibilities:

 Operations manager Hamza Majeed, has to ensure teams adhere to safety

measures during CD solar operations.

 Facilitate budget planning for smooth flow of operations.

 Evaluate relevant data to propose recommendations for CD solar process

improvement.

 Develop and review operation plans to improve work procedures andquality

service delivery.

 Plan, select and oversee appropriate equipment and/or technologies and

supplies for project sites.

 Perform CD solar service in the premises using appropriate ride-onmachinery

and equipment with supplies as directed.

 Office manager /web administrator responsibilities:

 Web administrator Nazir Samdani has following responsibilities:

 Schedule meetings and appointments.

 Organize the office layout and order stationery and equipment.

35
  Maintain the office condition and arrange necessary repairs.

 Partner with HR to update and maintain office policies as necessary.

 Organize office operations and procedures.

 Coordinate with IT department on all office equipment.

 Ensure that all items are invoiced and paid on time.

 Manage contract and price negotiations with office vendors, serviceproviders

and office lease.

 Manage office GA budget, ensure accurate and timely reportingProvide general

support to visitors.

5.10.3 Call Receiver (Samina Parveen) responsibilities:

 Their responsibility is to respond to incoming calls from the customers to take

their orders, answer questions and inquiries, troubleshoot problems, provide
information and handle complaints regarding the organization’s products or
services.

 Answering phones from customers professionally and responding to customer

inquiries and complaints.

 Researching required information using available resources.

 Processing forms, orders, and applications requested by the customers.

 Identifying, escalating priority issues and reporting to the high-level

management.

 Routing inbound calls to the appropriate resources.

 Following up complicated customer calls where required.

 Completing call notes and call reports as necessary and updating them in
theCRM.

36
  Obtaining and evaluating all relevant data to handle complaints and inquiries.

 Recording details of comments, inquiries, complaints, and actions taken.

 Managing administration, communicating and coordinating with internal

departments.

 Other duties as assigned.

5.11 current personnel needs of the organization:

With a low cost of entry and low concentration of big firms in key markets, the
commercial and residential CD solar industry is a well-paid effort for small businesses.
Although the industry is relatively recession proof, successful entrepreneurs know that
smart marketing and continued growth is critical to the success and survival of any CD
solar business.

Whether you’re thinking of starting a CD solar business, looking for a business line of
credit for your current CD solar business, or just need an injection of fresh ideas, here are
eight ways to grow your CD solar business, as recommended by some of the CD solar
industry’s top marketers and small business experts.

Picture the Kind of CD solar Business You Want

We all start businesses with a goal in mind, but as days roll into months and months into
years, we often lose sight of our goals and dreams. So as you think about growing your
CD solar service business, step back and think about what your dream business looks like
and feels like and what’s involved in getting to that point.

Be Human, and Share What Makes You Different

Communicate clearly to your customers how you are different by building more intimate
relationships through your marketing. Start a blog, or send out newsletters offering CD
solar service tips (you want to show yourself as an expert in your field) or to introduce
your team (bios or videos are great), so that your customers know who they are dealing

37
with. Offering that information can help prospects connect with you, leading to loyal
customers later on.

Focus on Customers in Each Step of the Marketing Cycle

Many small businesses are so involved in the day-to-day running of their company that
they rarely step back and think about how marketing can help them grow their business.
“What you need is a marketing action plan so you can lay out a path to follow,” says small
business.

To do this, you need to define your company’s buying cycle. It’s likely you have
prospects and clients at every stage of the cycle from awareness (customers know about
your business but aren’t sure what you have to offer) through discovery and engagement
(where they try to learn more about you and take action that may or may not lead to a
sale), and all the way to referral status (when they are so happy with you, they want to
tell everyone about you).

Get in Front of Clients through the Side Door

 Don’t just knock on doors of commercial properties or make cold calls to

residential clients. Get in front of potential clients through the side door. How?

 Pitch your business to real estate agents. Many real estate pros offer their clients
complimentary CD solar services as part of the home sale which can lead to
more business for you.

 What about home builders? They also send in CD solar teams once homes are
built.

 Invest in new home buyer mailing lists and send out direct marketing pieces
once a month to higher-income residences. You can narrow your search down
to very specific demographics, too.

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5.12 Method of managing the business:

Prioritize time management

Understand where you spend the most time and determine if that’s where your efforts
should be focused. Many times, routine and time consuming tasks can be automated with
the right software.

Streamline team management

Everything from scheduling to payroll can be much easier when you have the right tools.
By doing so, you can focus more on growing your business and less on its day to day
operations.

Up your marketing game

If you’re a newer business, you should consider your online presence and make it easy
for potential customers to find you. Email marketing, social media and online ads can all
lead to more customers.

Build a successful customer service department

Retaining loyal customers should be a constant goal as it’s much easier than finding new
ones. By showing up on time, delivering on what was promised and creating a positive
customer experience, you can improve retention over time. As an article from Square
points out, you can also try a loyalty program that rewards repeat customers. In other
words, monitoring team performance and better managing your time is vital in running a
successful CD solar business. With the increased adoption of mobile workforce
management solutions, CD solar businesses have better insight into their team’s
performance.

5.13 Plans for hiring and training personnel

Training for CD solar staff

There are multiple benefits of providing training to your CD solar staff. Some of the key
benefits include:

39
Gain loyalty

When you invest in your CD solar staff’s training, you earn their loyalty. The Hiring Site
Blog found that more than 90% of employees are more loyal to employers who invest in
their skills by training them.

Staff retention

Training your staff is a great retention strategy. It enables them to stay with you for a
longer period.

Earn profits

While training is an investment, it gives you high ROI as it enables your CD solar staff
to improve service times and lower accidents at client locations.

Deliver quality service

Training empowers your CD solar staff to provide professional services of the highest
quality. Training helps your employees understand what is expected from them and learn
the best CD solar practices to deliver an exceptional customer experience.

Concentrate on soft skills:

Your CD solar staff is living, moving, and breathing representation and you and your CD
solar business. Therefore, they need to have the right soft skills to build personal
connections with their clients. Some employees are born with these skills, while some
might have to develop them through training. Although it’s challenging to teach these
skills, you can encourage personality traits like emotional intelligence and overall people
skills. Some of the soft skills your CD solar staff should have included:

 Communication skills

 Work ethics

 Creative thinking

 Teamwork

 Networking

 Positivity

40
  Decision making

 Problem-solving

 Conflict resolution

 Flexibility

 Time management

 Motivation

5.14 The Hiring Process

The hiring process is a crucial step in finding the right people for your CD solar business.
This process can take a while to get through as there are several steps: reviewing
applications, calling people, the interview itself, background checks, reference checks,
possibly a second interview, and then negotiating a salary. Before you start this process,
make sure that you have calculated your payroll budget so you will know what you can
afford.

Step 1: Review Applications

It is possible to receive so many applications that you can’t read them all. It is
recommended to set a specific time period for application submissions (like 30 days). But
too short of a time frame may not get you many applications, while too long of a time
frame can force people to move on to other potential jobs.

Once you start receiving them, sort through all the applications and arrange them in order
of very interested, somewhat interested. From there, you can move onto the next step.

Step 2; Set up Initial Interviews or Screening

You can conduct a quick phone interview as an initial screening. Ask the person if now
a good time for an initial phone interview is, or if they have a preferred date and time. A
quick discussion can give you an idea of what kind of employee they would be.

41
Step 3; The Interview

The person interview can tell you a lot about an applicant’s personality. It also gives the
person a chance to discuss their strengths and background. Determine what questions you
want to ask before your first interview. Questions can be about anything from previous
jobs they’ve held, why they are interested in working for you, and where they see
themselves in a couple of years. But be careful not to ask illegal questions, such as age
and religious preference.

Step 4: Background Checks

Once you have picked out a few candidates, you can have some background checks
conducted to find out about any criminal offenses. The candidates have to give their
consent to perform this, but it is a form easily found online. Most background checking
websites will charge a fee for this service.

Step 5: Check References

Checking references can provide you with information on what other people and previous
bosses think of the candidate. While it is possible to receive only references that the
candidate knows will give a useful review, they are still worth checki

Optional Step Second Interview

A second interview is not always necessary, but it can help you determine who you like
best out of all the candidates that have made it this far. You can also ask other questions
that you didn’t think to ask in the first interview.

Step 6: Job Offer

By this point, you should already know what you are willing to pay your employees and
if you are going to offer benefits. While some people will take the offer as given, some
will want to negotiate. Do not go outside of your budget for what you can afford. You can
also set up a probationary period and give your new employee a raise if they meet your
expectations.

Eligibility criteria:

Age:

 The average age of an employed cleaner is 25 to 50years old.

42
 100% of all CD solar are men.

 The majority of CD solar are located in Burewala, vehari, Gaggoo and near areas.

 CD solar are paid an average annual salary of 240,000.

Qualification:

We need a skilled and qualified worker. A good CD solar needs the right skills and
qualification. Being able to handle CD solar chemical safety is good and CD solar must
be able to multitask and stick to their schedule while also responding to incident as they
occur throughout the day.

Other skills Include:

 Communication.

 Interpersonal skills.

 Proactive

 Excellent communication and organization skills.

 The ability to work independently with minimal supervision.

 The ability to follow health and safety standards.

 Time management.

Experience:

We hiring entry-level position, zero to three years of experience is standard for a CD

solar. For mid and senior level position expect workers with three or more years of
experience.

 Previous Cleaning experience a plus

5.15 Programmes and policies of the management:

Traits to Look for When Hiring CD solar Staff: First of all, you need to figure out what
kind of employee you want. If you don’t know what you want before you start writing a
job ad, you will be hiring the right people. Take into consideration what makes you good
at what you do: friendliness, trustworthiness, experience, and hard work

43
. Friendliness:

If they come into contact with your clients, you want to know that they are friendly and
will not scare away the clients.

Trustworthiness:

Clients are entrusting you with their comfort zone. They will have a variety of items
they consider valuable. You will want to know that you can trust anyone you send into
someone else’s place. Depending upon your clientele, you may even want to conduct a
criminal background check

Previous cleaning experience.

Working for a CD solar company is hard and intensive labor. Hiring someone with
previous CD solar experience will ensure they know what is required of them. You can
also consider people that have experience in any physically demanding job.

Ability to solve problems. Chances are, even if there is a team in one location, each
employee will have to work independently to cover more ground. Each employee should
be independent and self-motivated enough to be able to solve minor issues without always
finding someone else to do it. Problem solving skills keep work flowing.

You need a team that will be there when scheduled, instead of continually calling off
work or extensive things under a rug (sometimes literally

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 6. Financial Aspect

6.1 Initial Investment

The CD Solar Panel Project requires a significant initial investment to cover the costs
of solar panel procurement, installation, and associated infrastructure. The financial
outlay will depend on the scale of the project, the number of solar panels, and the
capacity of the photovoltaic systems. Additionally, site-specific factors, such as land
acquisition and grid connectivity expenses, will also influence the initial investment.

6.2 Funding Sources

To finance the project, various funding sources can be explored, including:

6.2.1 Government Grants

Government agencies may provide grants or subsidies to support renewable energy
initiatives, which can help offset the project's initial costs.

6.2.2 Private Investors

Private investors, including venture capitalists and renewable energy companies, might
be interested in funding the project in return for a share of the generated revenue or
other financial incentives.

6.2.3 Bank Loans

Securing loans from financial institutions is another option, with the solar project's
future revenue serving as collateral for the loan.

6.2.4 Community Crowd funding :

In some cases, communities or organizations might crowd fund the project within their
locality to raise the necessary capital collectively.

6.3 Return on Investment (ROI)

The financial viability of the CD Solar Panel Project largely depends on its ROI. The
main revenue streams that contribute to the ROI are:

45
a. Electricity Sales: The solar panels will generate electricity, which can be sold to
consumers or the local grid, generating revenue.

b. Net Metering: In regions with net metering policies, excess electricity generated can
be sold back to the grid, further boosting revenue.

c. Renewable Energy Certificates (RECs): Some regions offer RECs, which can be
sold to utilities to meet renewable energy targets, providing an additional income
stream.

6.4 Operational and Maintenance Costs

While solar power has low operational costs compared to traditional power plants, the
CD Solar Panel Project will still incur maintenance expenses. These costs include
regular inspections, cleaning, and occasional equipment repairs or replacements.

6.5 Payback Period

The payback period represents the time it takes for the project's cumulative cash flow
to equal the initial investment. A shorter payback period is favorable as it indicates a
quicker return on the initial investment.

6.6 Long-Term Benefits

Beyond the payback period, the CD Solar Panel Project can continue to generate
revenue for many years, providing a stable and predictable income stream. As the
project's initial investment is recouped, the financial benefits can contribute positively
to the organization or community's financial stability and growth.

Risk Analysis

Financial projections should also consider potential risks that could impact the project's
financial performance. Risks may include changes in solar policy or regulations,
fluctuations in electricity prices, and unexpected maintenance costs.

46
 Financial and Environmental Sustainability

The financial success of the CD Solar Panel Project is intrinsically linked to its
environmental sustainability. By promoting clean energy, the project can contribute to
mitigating the long-term financial risks associated with climate change and
environmental degradation.

Overall, careful financial planning, access to suitable funding sources, and diligent
project management are essential for ensuring the CD Solar Panel Project's success both
from a financial and environmental perspective.

6.7 Geographical Potential for investment

In view of the growing needs of energy in Pakistan, the efficient use and development of
renewable energy sources has become a major issue in the country. This has brought the
intention of several national and multinational companies to design and implement a
major work plan for energy conservation and construction of renewable energy sources
like wind mills and CD solar panel. Fortunately, Pakistan is among those countries in
which sun warms the surface throughout the year and therefore has a strong potential for
CD solar power generation.

Table 6.1 Project Cost

Description Amount Rs.

Office Rent 48,000
Building/Infrastructure 200000
Machinery/Equipment 2000,000
Furniture 25,0000
Computer Equipment 50000
Pre Operating Cost 70,000
Cash 200000
Total Capital Cost 2800000

47
 Table 6.2 Building/Infrastructure

Description Quantity Unit Cost Total Cost

Digital Multimeter 2 1000 2000
Battery Operated Drill 1 8300 8300
Tape 4 150 600
Copper wire 2 1500 3000
Crystal 2 1500 3000
Card Board 10 500 5000
Screwdrivers 2 1400 1800
Wire Stripper/Cutter 3 1400 4200
Tape Measure 2 3500 7000
Total Cost 28 36900

Table 6.3 Computer Equipment

Description Quantity Unit Cost Total Cost

Computer 2 15000 30000

Computer Printer 1 20000 20000

Table 6.4 Human Resource Management

Description No of Employees Salary per Person

Supervisor 1 35,000
Technician 2 50,000
Labour 2 40,000

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6.8 Key Assumptions

6.5 Table Operating Cost Assumption

Description Detail
Communication Expense 5000
Traveling Expense 15000
Advertising Expense 80000
Depreciation Method Double decling
Depreciation Rate 10%
Salaries Growth Rate 5%

49
 7. Technical Aspect

CD solar panels, also known as Cadmium Telluride solar panels, are a type of thin-film
photovoltaic technology used to convert sunlight into electricity. Unlike traditional
silicon-based solar panels, CD solar panels use a different semiconductor material,
cadmium telluride (CdTe), to generate electricity. Here are the technical aspects of CD
solar panels. The key component of CD solar panels is the thin layer of cadmium telluride
semiconductor material. Cadmium telluride has unique properties that make it an efficient
and cost-effective material for converting sunlight into electricity.

CD solar panels are part of the thin-film photovoltaic family. They are manufactured by
depositing very thin layers of cadmium telluride and other materials onto a substrate
(usually glass or flexible materials like plastic or metal foils). This thin-film approach
reduces material usage and makes the panels lightweight and flexible.CD solar panels
typically have lower efficiency compared to traditional silicon-based solar panels.
However, advances in manufacturing and research have improved their efficiency over
the years. As of my last update in September 2021, the efficiency of commercial CD solar
panels ranged between 10% to 22%.One of the main advantages of CD solar panels is
their cost-effectiveness. The manufacturing process requires less semiconductor material
compared to silicon-based panels, which can lead to lower production costs.CD solar
panels have a broader spectral response, which means they can perform better under low-
light or diffuse sunlight conditions. This characteristic makes them well-suited for areas
with less direct sunlight.

CD solar panels are generally robust and durable. The thin-film technology allows them
to be more tolerant to temperature variations, shading, and mechanical stress. However,
it's essential to handle them carefully during installation to prevent damage to the thin
layers.The manufacturing process of CD solar panels involves depositing thin layers of
cadmium telluride and other materials onto a substrate using various techniques like
physical vapor deposition (PVD) or chemical vapor deposition (CVD).One of the
concerns with CD solar panels is the presence of cadmium, which is a toxic heavy metal.
Proper recycling and disposal of old panels are crucial to prevent environmental
contamination. However, it's worth noting that CD solar panels have a lower carbon
footprint compared to traditional silicon-based panels due to their reduced material usage
and energy-intensive manufacturing processes. CD solar panels are commonly used in

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utility-scale solar farms, where cost-effectiveness and tolerance to low light conditions
can be advantageous. They are less commonly used for residential installations due to the
availability of more efficient silicon-based panels for smaller-scale applications.

Overall, CD solar panels are an important player in the solar industry, offering a different
set of advantages and trade-offs compared to traditional silicon-based solar panels. As
with any technology, ongoing research and development may lead to further
improvements in their efficiency and performance.

7.1 Our Prepared Technical Specification:

Our professionally developed technical CD solar specifications (CD solar service

requirements) help ensure that the CD solar service provider meets all contractual
obligations to the customer's requirements.

 Technical specifications are developed in such a way as to ensure efficient and best
use of the customer's budget while achieving the desired level of CD solar service.

 Due to our technical features, you can enhance CD solar costs while maintaining the
required quality level

.  The technical specifications we develop can be linked to conformity assessment

standards and existing organization management systems.

 Technical specifications are developed by analyzing and reviewing each customer's

needs and expectations and the details of each client's activity.

7.2 Why Is It Worth Linking The Technical Specifications

 Costs are improved;

 Customers’ expectations are defined;

 Customers’ needs are defined;

 The process of determining and evaluating the quality level is made easy and simple;

 The CD solar service provider company provides higher quality;

 Avoids unnecessary arguments with a CD solar service company;

 Gives greater clearness for a CD solar company;

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 Provides smooth provision of CD solar service;

 Results in more effective performance of the contract.

7.3 Equipment’s:
 CD solar panel

 Batteries

 Protective equipment (gloves, masks, goggles)

 Inverters

 Wires

 Iron for structure

 Conductors

 Plastic pipes

 PVC tapes

 Light arrester

 Ground Mounts, Ballasted Roof Mounts

If Don’t Have Enough Area To Install CD solar panel What Should We Do?
If your house requires 7 kW system but your area permits to install only 5 kW, then try
using bigger Voltage CD solar panel like 380 Volt, 400 Volt or use monocrystalline CD
solar panel as they are more efficient than polycrystalline CD solar panel and produce
more power in the same area.

However switching to monocrystalline and bigger Voltage panels will increase your
overall CD solar system cost by 10-20%.

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7.4 Government Policies Affecting CD Solar Panel Projects:
Renewable Energy Incentives: Many governments offer financial incentives, tax
credits, or rebates to promote the adoption of renewable energy, including solar power.
These incentives can help offset initial installation costs.

Feed-in Tariffs (FiTs) and Net Metering: Governments may implement policies like
FiTs, where utilities pay a fixed rate for excess solar power fed into the grid, or net
metering, which allows solar owners to receive credit for surplus electricity they
contribute to the grid.

Renewable Portfolio Standards (RPS): Governments can set targets mandating a certain
percentage of electricity to be generated from renewable sources, encouraging utilities
to invest in solar and other renewables.

Grid Interconnection Policies: Clear and efficient grid interconnection regulations are
vital for smooth integration of solar power into the existing electricity grid.

Permitting and Zoning Regulations: Streamlined permitting processes and favorable

zoning regulations can facilitate solar panel installations, reducing administrative
hurdles.

Research and Development Funding: Government funding for solar energy research
and development can lead to technological advancements and cost reductions in solar
panel technologies.

Environmental Regulations: Governments may set standards for the environmental

impact of solar panel manufacturing, encouraging more sustainable practices.

Energy Storage Incentives: To overcome solar energy intermittency, governments

might offer incentives or funding for energy storage technologies, such as batteries.

Education and Awareness Initiatives: Governments may implement campaigns to raise

public awareness about the benefits of solar energy and encourage its adoption.

Overall, government policies play a crucial role in shaping the growth and success of
CD Solar Panel Projects by providing financial support, creating a conducive regulatory
environment, and driving public awareness of renewable energy's importance.

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 8. Project implementation:
There are different steps involved in implementing a project, including some planning
that must occur before the implementation can begin. Here is a list of steps for
implementing a project effectively.

Implementing a CD (Cadmium Telluride) solar panel project involves several steps, from
planning and designing to installation and maintenance. Here are the main steps involved
in implementing a CD solar panel project:

1. Project Planning and Feasibility Study

- Determine the project's goals and objectives, such as the desired capacity and
electricity generation targets.

- Conduct a feasibility study to assess the site's solar potential, environmental impact,
regulatory requirements, and economic viability.

- Identify potential funding sources and incentives for the project.

2. Design and Engineering

- Engage with solar panel manufacturers and engineers experienced in CD solar

technology to design the system.

- Size the solar array based on the project's energy needs and the available space for
installation.

- Design the system layout, considering factors such as sun orientation, shading
analysis, and mounting options.

- Prepare engineering drawings and specifications for the installation.

3. Permitting and Approvals

- Obtain the necessary permits and approvals from local authorities and utility
companies.

- Comply with building codes, environmental regulations, and any other relevant
requirements.

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4. Procurement and Logistics

- Source the CD solar panels and other necessary components, such as mounting
structures, inverters, and wiring.

- Ensure that all equipment meets quality standards and is compatible with the CD solar
panel technology.

5. Installation

- Prepare the installation site by clearing the area and making necessary adjustments to
the terrain or structures.

- Mount the solar panels on the designated structures, ensuring proper orientation and
tilt for optimal sunlight exposure.

- Connect the panels in series or parallel configurations to form strings, and then connect
the strings to the inverters.

6. Electrical and Grid Connection

- Install the necessary electrical components, such as wiring, combiner boxes, and
inverters to convert DC electricity from the solar panels into AC electricity for grid
connection.

- Conduct safety inspections and tests to ensure the system is functioning correctly and
safely.

7. Grid Connection and Commissioning

- Coordinate with the local utility to connect the solar system to the electrical grid.

- Obtain necessary approvals for grid interconnection and feed-in tariff agreements, if
applicable.

- Commission the system, verifying its performance and ensuring it meets the required
standards.

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8. Monitoring and Maintenance

- Implement a monitoring system to track the solar panel system's performance and
energy generation over time.

- Develop a maintenance plan to regularly inspect and clean the panels, check the
electrical components, and address any issues that may arise.

- Schedule regular maintenance activities to ensure the system's optimal performance

and longevity.

9. Safety and Training

- Provide proper safety training to personnel involved in installation and maintenance.

- Educate end-users on the safe and efficient use of the solar panel system.

10. Documentation and Reporting

- Maintain comprehensive documentation throughout the project, including design

plans, permits, test results, and warranties.

- Prepare regular reports on the system's performance, energy generation, and

environmental impact as required by regulatory authorities or funding agencies.

Remember that each solar project is unique and may require additional steps based on
specific project requirements and local regulations. Professional expertise and
collaboration with experienced solar contractors, engineers, and relevant stakeholders are
essential for a successful CD solar panel project implementation.

Assess the project plan

In the first phase of the project cycle, it's beneficial to establish a plan that meets the
expectations of management, clients and key stakeholders. Before implementing a
project, assess the plan and make sure that everyone on the team understands the project
deliverables. The project manager may want to hold an initial meeting to outline
everyone's assigned roles and the expected timeline, as well as any project milestones that
a team works toward in the implementation phase. This initial step can help to unite the
project team and set a collaborative standard for work.

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Execute the plan:

With a plan in place and expectations set for the team, it's time to start work on the
project. During this step, project managers want to have regular discussions with the team
about their progress. Measure the project's timeline against the projected schedule and
monitor resources to ensure the team has what they need to complete the project
successfully. Communication is instrumental during this part of the process to keep the
team aware of the project's priorities. It's also important to provide regular progress
updates to the clients or key stakeholders to remain transparent about the progress during
this step.

Make changes as needed:

During any type of project, it's likely that a project manager needs to make changes
during implementation, such as to address additional requests from the client or to keep
the project within its scope. Make these adjustments as necessary, relying on the project
plan to identify solutions. Continue to communicate with the team, asking questions to
determine areas where they need more support. Be prepared to allocate more staff or
resources if a project deviates from the plan. Change is a reality for many projects and 44
how effectively a project manager implements those changes can affect the project's
outcome.

Analyze project data:

Throughout the implementation phase of a project, it's important to analyze data

consistently to measure how a project is progressing against the initial projections. You
can use specific project management software or a manual system to compile data related
to staffing, resources and budget. Examine the data and determine if there are other areas
where it would be beneficial to implement additional changes to help a team meet the
initial project expectations. If so, go back to the previous step and make those changes,
continuing to gather additional data to assess the project variables.

Gather feedback:

Once the team has completed the project deliverables, there are still some essential steps
left in the process. Gather feedback from the project team, clients and stakeholders about
the project's outcome, assessing what parts of the project went according to plan and what
areas the team could improve in the future. You can have direct conversations with those

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involved in the project to get this feedback, or you may find it helpful to send out a short
survey asking for input. This step can help companies make continual improvements to
ensure the successful completion of future projects.

Provide final reports:

In the last part of the implementation phase, provide reports to the project team, clients
and stakeholders outlining how the project performed against the projected budget and
timeline. Explain any areas where you needed to make changes to keep the project within
its scope and budget. These reports include the applicable data related to the project's
budget, time and resources. This step gives companies the chance to reflect on the
successes of the project and identify any improvements needed for the future, which can
have long-term benefits for the project management cycle.

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 9. Social Responsibilities:
As a CD solar services provider, we see corporate social responsibility as being an
integrate approach to managing environmental, health and safety, employee, community
and ethical issues completely and clearly.

Corporate social responsibility (CSR) is not a new concept. All of our employees are
empowered to work in line with each of customers’ own business plans and targets,
following the Pakistani CD solar company regulatory systems for the welfare of
employees and in harmony with the communities in which they operate.

As well as continually taking a new, hard look at the way we operate, we are increasingly
conscious that we have to satisfy the outside world’s increasing interest in our sphere of
operations. Corporate social responsibility provides a coherent, coordinated and
convenient matrix for appraising our values, policies, strategies and practices. It helps us
assess how we are performing. It highlights where we need to align our approach. It shows
us where we need to give extra support. In time, we believe that it will deliver our
commitment through measurable improvements not only to our staff but also to our
customers.

At the same time it will progressively allow our achievements as a sharper, smoother,
well-organized company to be benchmarked against other industries and other players in
the CD solar services sector. Such increased transparency will, in turn, increase
confidence in everything that we do

Corporate Social Responsibility Policy Statement:

CD solar Services provider Ltd provides the most thoroughly reliable CD solar service.
We see Corporate Social Responsibility as a commitment to operating with honesty,
integrity and transparency combined with an integrated approach to environmental, health
and safety, equal opportunity, employee and community issues.

Our Customers:

Our customers are the core of our business and therefore it is our mandate to create and
maintain a good relationship and where possible to recommend and use their services.
We will provide reliable, consistent and high-quality service.

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Health and Safety:

Health and Safety in the workplace is of paramount importance. It is the policy of pakCD
solar renewable energy (Pakistan CD solar services) to ensure that all employees are
provided with safe working conditions by our customers, which will lead to the avoidance
and reduction of risks. Therefore it is the responsibility of every employee to practice safe
working methods and prevent injuries to themselves and others in the workplace.

Our Employees:

Employees are our main asset. CD solar Services provider limited value our employees
and will adhered to the Pakistani, pakCD solar renewable energy (Pakistan CD solar
services) regulatory systems for the welfare of employees. We empower our people by
giving them the training, support and rewards they need to excel in their jobs and reach
their fullest potential. We will always ensure that in conjunction with our customers, their
working environment does not present a risk to health and safety.

Environmentally Friendly:

We are dedicated to providing environmentally sensitive service keeping in line with the
maintenance of the ISO 14001 Environmental Management System. Our objective in this
regard is to minimize our carbon footprints thereby avoiding any type of damage to the
environment through the reduction in the use of our chemical cleaning products, proper
disposal of waste and the use of recyclable products wherever possible.

Community Relations:

We give back to our local communities by supporting employability wherever possible

to give people the opportunity and skills to gain work experience. We support and donate
to local charitable initiatives.

Equal Opportunity:

Our CD solar Services policy of equal opportunity and diversity ensures that we select,
recruit, train and promote individuals of the highest caliber regardless of race, sex, marital
status, age, nationality, ethnicity, sexual orientation or religious belief. All our employees
are treated with fairness and will not suffer harassment or intimidation by colleagues or
customers.

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 10. Conclusion/ Limitations
As leaders in the CD solar service provider, we will measure ourselves against our
competitors by seeking awards and accreditation for our green initiatives. CD solar
service provider, keep abreast of the changing needs of our client’s business and are
prepared to react to these ever-changing needs.

Health and Safety in the workplace is of paramount importance. It is the policy of pakCD
solar renewable energy provides the high quality commercial CD solar power system
businesses rely on. to ensure that all employees are provided with safe working conditions
by our customers, which will lead to the avoidance and reduction of risks. Therefore it is
the responsibility of every employee to practice safe working methods and prevent
injuries to themselves and others in the workplace.

For as long as commercial CD solar companies have been in business, cutting costs has
been a concern. Like any other industry, the commercial and CD solar services company
is impacted by budget concerns. Budgets can limit a business, forcing them to do more
with less. As the economy dips and CD solar becomes a luxury service that businesses
feel they can cut back on, CD solar companies have to continue to provide quality service
with a smaller budget.

Our reputation is one of our key assets and adhering to the highest standards of integrity,
personal conduct, ethics and fairness are of paramount importance in order to ensure our
viability. We give back to our local communities by supporting employability wherever
possible to give people the opportunity and skills to gain work experience. We support
and donate to local charitable initiatives.

Limitation:

Weather Dependence: Solar panels rely on sunlight to generate electricity. Cloudy days,
rainy weather, and nighttime significantly reduce power generation, leading to
intermittency and variability in energy output.

High Initial Cost: The upfront investment required for installing solar panels can be
substantial, making it a barrier for some individuals, businesses, or communities to
adopt solar energy.

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 Space Requirements: Solar panels require significant land or rooftop space to achieve
optimal energy production. In densely populated areas or locations with limited
available space, this can be a challenge.

Energy Storage Challenges: Storing excess energy for use during low-sunlight periods
or at night requires expensive battery systems, adding to the overall project cost.

Efficiency Variability: The efficiency of solar panels can vary based on factors like
panel quality, orientation, and temperature, impacting overall energy generation.

Environmental Impact of Manufacturing: The production of solar panels involves the

use of certain materials and chemicals that have environmental implications if not
managed properly.

Geographical Limitations:

Not all regions receive the same amount of sunlight, making solar energy more suitable
for some areas than others.

 This organization is only available online, physical and office is only made for the
recruitment purposes

 This business is only applicable within different areas of district level.

 Outside Burewala city, vehari, this business currently has value, and we will expand it
in big city for future.

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 11. References

https+www.solarpanel.com
https+www.wikipidia.com
https/www.educadted.com
https/www.technology.com
https+www.cdsolarsystem.com
https/www.pakedu.com

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