fy although though eventhough 113 inspite of despite ‘Study this example situation: 1 Last year Paul and Sarah had a holiday by the sea trained a lot, but they had a good time. You can say: Although it rained a lt, they had a good time. (trained a lot, butthey ..) or In spite of 22862 erin. ‘After although we use a subject + verb: © Although it rained a lot, they had a good time. © Ididn'tapply forthe job although I had the necessary qualifications. 1 Compare the meaning of although and because: © Wewent out although it was raining heavily. We didn’t go out because it was raining heavily Afterin spite of or despite, we use a noun, a pronoun (this/that/what etc) or ing: In spite of the rain, we had a good time. ‘She wasn't well,butin spite of this she continued working, In spite of what | said yesterday, still love you. I didn't apply forthe job in spite of having the necessary qualifications. 1 Despite is the same asin spite of. We sayin spite of, but despite (without of) ‘She wasn't well, but despite this she continued working, (not despite ofthis) spite of the fact (that). and ‘despite the fact (that) in spite of the fact (that) despite the fact (that) Compare in spite of and because of: fi \We went out in spite of the rain. (or... despite the rain) \We didn't go out because of the rain. \ didn't apply for thejob f thad the necessary qualifications. Compare although and in spite of / despite Although the traffic was bad, In spite of the traffic, 1 ae although | was very tired ao eo) { despite being very tired. (not despite | was tired) though = although © didn't apply forthe ob though thad the necessary qualifications. 1 Inspoken English we often use though at the end of a sentence: ©) The house isnt so nice. Ilike the garden though. (= but Ilike the garden) > Isee them every day. I've never spoken to them though. (=but 've never spoken to them) Even though (but not ever’ alone) is similar to although: (© Even though | was really tired, !couldn'tsleep. (not even | was really tired)Exercises EEEET complete the sentences. Use althoush +a sentence from the box. I didn’t speak the language well she has a very important job Thad never seen her before we don’t like them very much it was quite cold the heating was on Pd met her twice before we've known each other a long time 1 Although she. has «very. important. job. she isn’t well-paid. 2 , Irecognised her from a photo. 3. Sarah wasn't wearing a coat 4 We decided to invite them to the party. , Imanaged to make myself understood. 6 , the room wasn’t warm. 7 Ididn't recognise her 8 We're not close friends BEBE] complete the sentences with although /in spite of / because /because of, 1 Although ...ityained a lot, we had a good time, 2 a.m opie, .._all our careful plans, a lot of things went wrong, » Although. a weld planned everything carefully, alot of things went wrong, 3 a Lwent home early... keCaMm.....£—" | was feeling unwell. b Iwent to work the next day....afl =... was stil feeling unwell. 4 a Chris only accepted the job ..... bet the salary, which was very high b Sam accepted the job... MpAke. df... the salary, which was rather low. 5a Al ee there was a lot of noise | slept quite well » Icouldn' getto sleep ecaune 4 the noise Use your own ideas to complete theolowing sentences 6 a He passed the exam although At. robvdied. He passed the exam because Mit. noma = _ 7 2 Idide’t eat much although wo b I didnt eat muchin spite of FREI) Mate one sentence from two. Use the word(s) in brackets in your sentences. 1 Icouldn’t sleep. Iwas very tired. (despite) \ couldn't, sleep. despite being very. tured. 2 We a ‘tei We lost the garye, fin spite of) In spite. gle, wit he 3 iene, ot. es ed to walk home ftoveh) 4 ieee a fil nas pee ae he in ‘i same ae we oY ‘ever spe each other. a Wt Mik tee Hb neva: Iyuildiney dang Tpondly avon. we coc than. © They came to the party. They hadn't been invited. (even though) They. covt. to pony even thaws. play worl imyibed.. 2 FEEIT use the words in brackets to make a sentence with though at the end. 1 Thehouseisntvery nice, (ike /garden) Uke a garden. though 2 lenjoyed reading the book. (ver a sctcy. owes, shneuapa. 3 We didn't like the food. (ate) ..@JA. 4 Laurais very nice zo a ie cas eas ere Frou > Additional exercise 32 (page 321) 227