General Specification For Pressure Vessel - CONFEED ASME DIV. 2

REFINING MAJOR PROJECTS GENERAL MANAGEMENT
PROJECT: RPLC DEEP CONVERSION – PHASE II PDVSA DOC. No.

SUBPROJECT: GENERAL 3006-5000-DM115102
UNIT: GENERAL (U-00) CONFEED DOC. No.
AREA: GENERAL S-000-1351-0002P
PHASE: DETAILED ENGINEERING REV.B DATE: 13-03-12
DISCIPLINE: MECHANICAL
TITLE: GENERAL SPECIFICATION FOR PRESSURE VESSELS DESIGNED
PAGE 1 OF 70
BY ASME SEC VIII, DIV.2
PDVSA PROJECT NO.: 3006; CONFEED JOB CODE: 0-5792-20-0000
CONFEED PDVSA PDVSA

ISSUE PURPOSE / DESCRIPTION OF TOTAL
REV. DATE PREP’D/CHK’D CHECKED APPROVED
CHANGE PAGES
/APR’D BY BY BY
For Approval / Incorporating PDVSA

B 13-03-12 70 A.S./ D.S./D.S. M.K. S.S.
comment on 3006-5000-DM115102 Rev.A
For Approval / Incorporating PDVSA
A 31-01-11 70 A.S./ D.S /D.S. S.S. S.S.
comment on 3006-5001-FM115102
CONFEED PDVSA CHECKED BY PDVSA APPROVED BY
PREPARED BY: Akinori Sakurai

CHECKED BY: Daisuke Shigematsu SIGNATURE SIGNATURE
APPROVED BY: Daisuke Shigematsu
NAME: Masatoshi Kagaya NAME:Simon Sandoval
PAGE 2 OF 70
RPLC DEEP CONVERSION PROJECT
GENERAL SPECIFICATION FOR PRESSURE VESSELS

DESIGNED BY ASME SEC VIII, DIV.2
UNIT 00
PAGE 3 OF 70
Contents
1 GENERAL ............................................................................................................................................. 5
2 SCOPE .................................................................................................................................................. 5
3 REFERENCES ...................................................................................................................................... 5
3.1 Project Specification & Standard ....................................................................................................... 5
3.2 PDVSA Specification ........................................................................................................................... 7
3.3 ASME (American Society of Mechanical Engineers) ....................................................................... 7
3.4 ASME/ANSI (American National Standards Institute) ...................................................................... 7
3.5 Process Industry Practices (PIP) ....................................................................................................... 7
3.6 AMERICAN PETROLEUM INSTITUTE (API) ...................................................................................... 7
4 DESIGN ................................................................................................................................................. 8
4.1 General ................................................................................................................................................. 8
4.2 Design Pressure & Design Temperature ........................................................................................... 9
4.3 MDMT & MAWP .................................................................................................................................... 9
4.4 Stress Evaluation................................................................................................................................. 9
4.5 Corrosion Allowance ......................................................................................................................... 10
4.6 Combinations of Loads ...................................................................................................................... 11
4.7 Wind Load Requirements ................................................................................................................. 12
4.8 Seismic Loads Requirements .......................................................................................................... 12
4.9 Supports and External Attachments ................................................................................................ 12
4.10 Vessel Drawings and Calculations .................................................................................................. 14
4.11 Connections ....................................................................................................................................... 16
4.12 Inspection and Access Openings .................................................................................................... 19
5 MATERIALS ........................................................................................................................................ 20
5.1 General ............................................................................................................................................... 20
5.2 Bolting and Gaskets .......................................................................................................................... 22
5.3 Skirt for Stainless Steel or other High–Alloy Vessel ...................................................................... 23
5.4 Carbon steel for Moderate Sour Service (Wet H2S Resistant Steel) ............................................. 23
5.5 Carbon steel for Severe Sour Service and Rich Amine Service (HIC Resistant Steel) .............. 24
5.6 Carbon steel for Lean Amine Service and Caustic Service .......................................................... 24
PAGE 4 OF 70
5.7 Corrosion Resistant Clad Pressure Vessels ................................................................................... 24

5.8 Low Alloyed Steels for Pressure Vessels ....................................................................................... 25
6 FABRICATION .................................................................................................................................... 25
6.1 General ............................................................................................................................................... 25
6.2 Welding ............................................................................................................................................... 27
6.3 Internals .............................................................................................................................................. 30
7 INSPECTION ....................................................................................................................................... 32
7.1 General ............................................................................................................................................... 32
7.2 Material Inspection ............................................................................................................................ 32
7.3 Welding Inspection ............................................................................................................................ 33
8 POSTWELD HEAT TREATMENT (PWHT) ........................................................................................ 36
9 HYDROSTATIC TEST PRESSURE.................................................................................................... 37
10 PNEUMATIC TEST ............................................................................................................................. 39
11 NAMEPLATE ...................................................................................................................................... 39
12 PAINTING AND MARKING ................................................................................................................ 39
13 PREPARATION FOR SHIPMENT ...................................................................................................... 40
14 FINAL DOCUMENTATION PACKAGE .............................................................................................. 41
15 GUARANTEE ...................................................................................................................................... 45
APPENDIX I CARBON STEEL FOR MODERATE SOUR SERVICE ................................................... 46

APPENDIX II CARBON STEEL FOR SEVERE SOUR SERVICE (HIC RESISTANT STEEL).............. 49
APPENDIX III ALLOY PROTECTIVE CLADDING / LINING ................................................................... 52
APPENDIX IV LOW ALLOYED STEELS FOR PRESSURE VESSELS .................................................. 61
APPENDIX V STANDARD MATERIAL SELECTION GUIDE................................................................. 70
PAGE 5 OF 70
1 GENERAL
This Specification reference to the selected alternatives permitted by the ASME Code Section VIII
and describes design and construction practices not covered by the Code, which are preferences of
Owner. The regulations of the Code are not quoted in this Specification.
2 SCOPE
This Specification together with the Vessel Engineering Drawings, Requisitions and Purchase Order
/ Inquiry, indicates the requirements to be met by the Manufacturer in the design, fabrication,
inspection, testing and supply of unfired pressure vessels.
This Equipment shall be designed, fabricated, inspected, stamped and National Board registered in
accordance with the requirements of ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section VIII, Division
2 with the conditions expressively indicated in this Specification.
All deviations from this Specification, the Purchase Order, or the drawings shall have the written
approval of the Owner’s Representative (Owner’s Representative means CONFEED, who is a
consortium formed by JGC, INELECTRA and CHIYODA).
3 REFERENCES
The following Codes, Standards, and Specifications shall form part of this Specification. The edition
of following Codes, Standards and Specfications shall be in accordance with 3006-5000
-DG140001/S-000-1222-0001P “Basic Engineering Design Data” unless superseded by Special
Notes of the Requisition. In case of any conflict between Venezuelan laws, regulations and codes,
and other codes and standards, the order of prevalence shall be as follows:
(1) Purchase Order including technical scope of work, Engineering Drawings and Mechanical
Data Sheets
(2) This Specification
(3) ASME Boiler and pressure Vessel Code Section VIII
(4) Other codes and standards
3.1 Project Specification & Standard

3006-5000-DG140001/S-000-1222-0001P Basic Engineering Design Data
3006-5000-DP116001/S-000-1222-0021P Determination of Mechanical Design Conditions
3006-5000-DC116002/S-000-1310-0002P Seismic Design Response Spectrum
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3006-5000-DC116003/S-000-1310-0003P Seismic Design Criteria for Structures

3006-5000-DC116004/S-000-1310-0004P Wind Load Calculation Procedure
3006-5000-DM115101/S-000-1351-0001P General Specification for Nozzle Load
3006-5000-DM115007/S-000-1351-0004P General Specification for Anchor Bolts Jigs
3006-5000-DM115105/S-000-1351-0005P General Specification for Marking Procedure
3006-5000-DM2D4103/D-000-1351-0003P Standard Drawing for Davit
3006-5000-DM2D4104/D-000-1351-0004P Standard Drawing for Skirt and Base Plate
3006-5000-DM2D4105/D-000-1351-0005P Standard Drawing for Internal Ladder Rung and
Grab Rung
3006-5000-DM2D4106/D-000-1351-0006P Standard drawing for Internal Flange
3006-5000-DM2D4107D-000-1351-0007P Standard Drawing for Saddle (8"-ID 750)
3006-5000-DM2D4108/D-000-1351-0008P Standard Drawing for Saddle (ID: 800-1200)
3006-5000-DM2D4112/D-000-1351-0012P Standard Drawing for Saddle (Heavy Load, ID:
1300-2600)
2800-4000)
4200-6000)
3006-5000-DM2D4116/D-000-1351-0016P Standard Drawing for Fireproofing for Equipment
Support
3006-5000-DM2D4117/D-000-1351-0017P Standard Drawing for Tolerance for Column and
Drum
3006-5000-DM2D4119/D-000-1351-0019P Standard Drawing for Insulation Supports for
Vessels-Hot Service
3006-5000-DM2D4140/D-000-1351-0040P Standard Drawing for Insulation Supports for
Horizontal Vessels-Hot Service
3006-5000-DM2D4127/D-000-1351-0027P Standard Drawing for Nameplate
3006-5000-DM115896/S-000-1390-0001P General Specification for Hot Insulation
3006-5000-DM115891/S-000-13A0-0001P General Specification for Painting and Surface
Preparation
3006-5000-DGB04103/S-000-1520-0103P Requirement of Positive Material
Identification(PMI) for Purchased Equipment and
Materials
PAGE 7 OF 70
3.2 PDVSA Specification

0602.1.410 Slide plates for Horizontal Vessels
3.3 ASME (American Society of Mechanical Engineers)

Boiler & Pressure Vessel Code
Section II PartA&C Material Specifications
Section II Part D Properties
Section V Nondestructive Examination
Section VIII, Div. 1 Pressure Vessels
Section VIII, Div. 2 Pressure Vessels Alternative Rules
Section IX Welding and Brazing Qualifications
3.4 ASME/ANSI (American National Standards Institute)

B1.1 Unified Inch Screw Threads
B16.47 Large Diameter Steel Flanges NPS 26 Through 60
B 16.5 Pipe Flanges & Flanged Fittings NPS 1/2 Through 24
B 16.9 Factory–Made Wrought Steel Butt welding Fitting
B16.20 Metallic Gaskets for Pipe Flanges – Ring Joint, Spiral Wound and jacketed
B 16.21 Non metallic Flat Gasket for Pipe Flanges
B 16.25 Butt Welding Ends
3.5 Process Industry Practices (PIP)

VECV1001 Vessel Design Criteria – ASME Code Section VIII, Division 1 and 2.
3.6 AMERICAN PETROLEUM INSTITUTE (API)

API Publication 934
Material and Fabrication Requirements for 2 1/4 Cr-1Mo & 3Cr-1Mo Steel Heavy Wall Pressure
Vessels for High Temperature, High Pressure Hydrogen Service
PAGE 8 OF 70
4 DESIGN
4.1 General
4.1.1 The requirements of the ASME Pressure Vessel Code shall be considered as the minimum
requirements.
4.1.2 Pressure vessels shall be designed to withstand as a minimum the loading exerted by internal
pressure, weight of the vessel, weight of test water with test pressure, wind, earthquake, reaction of
supports and temperature. Manufacturer shall verify external loads on shell or heads (piping,
platforms, etc.)
4.1.3 All vessels shall be designed to be freestanding.
4.1.4 The deflection at the top of vertical vessels due to wind pressure under normal operating conditions
shall be no more than 1/200 of the overall height of the vessel.
4.1.5 Heads shall be hemispherical with shell having tapered transition for welding. Heads shall be die
forged in one piece wherever possible, or hot formed from plates preferably in one (1) or two (2)
pieces. Toriconical heads shall be used if required by process.
4.1.6 For the welded head, all the seams in the head shall be 100% RT regardless the Code requirement.
4.1.7 Conical reducing sections shall have transition kuncles if conical half apex angle exceeds 30deg
and any of the following conditions are met:
(1) Design Pressure greater than 100 psig
(2) Material thickness of 25mm (1”) or greater
(3) Equipment coating hydrocarbons or other hazardous materials
4.1.8 All structural steel shall be in accordance with the AISC Code.
4.1.9 Manufacturer shall verify strength of shells, skirts, lifting lugs or trunnions and tailing lugs during
lifting condition of vertical vessels using the following impact factors:
Vessel erection weight up to 440000 lbs (200 tons): 1.5
Vessel erection weight over 440000 lbs (200 tons): 1.25
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4.1.10 Compliance with ASME Code requirements including certification and stamp is the responsibility of
the manufacturer.
4.1.11 SI unit shall be used for all required documents except Inch unit for size of pipes, tubes, flanges,
bolts and nuts.
4.1.12 The Manufacturer who fabricates the vessel has the responsibility of complying with the requirement
of para.2.3 of Division 2. It will be his responsibility, in case on any conflicts between these
specifications, drawings, and other pertinent documents to satisfy the discrepancy with the
appropriate party; along with approval by Owner.
4.1.13 The design thickness shall not include any material used for the cladding on integrally clad plate or
weld deposit overlay.
4.1.14 Tray support rings shall not be either designed or considered as vessel stiffener rings for vacuum
condition.
4.2 Design Pressure & Design Temperature
4.2.1 Design pressure and Design temperature shall be in accordance with Engineering Drawings or
Mechanical Data Sheets and shall be in accordance with para. 3 and 4 of 3006-5000-DP116001/
S-000-1222-0021P “Determination of Mechanical Design Conditions”.
4.3 MDMT & MAWP
4.3.1 Minimum Design Metal Temperature (MDMT) for pressure equipment shall be determined by using
the rules of ASME Code Section VIII, Division 2, 4.1.5.2(e).
4.3.2 The Maximum Allowable Working Pressure (MAWP) needs to be calculated, vessel shall be
stamped with Design Pressure per Fig. 2.F.1.
4.4 Stress Evaluation
4.4.1 Manufacturer shall run stress analysis for process nozzles (except for manhole, handhole,
instrument nozzle and nozzle with blind flange), all pipe supports and platforms clips to be welded to
shell and heads. If needed, reinforcing pads shall be welded where allowed to use.
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4.4.2 When reinforcing pads are used under supports, consideration should be given to stresses due to
possible temperature differentials between the vessels, pads and supports.
4.4.3 The following stress analysis shall be performed as minimum.

- Lifting Trunnion and Shell Joint
- Nozzle to shell welds, for Nozzles 12” NPS and larger, including external piping loads and lifting
- Finite Element Analysis shall be performed considering combined pressure, dead load, wind,
seismic overturning moment and thermal stresses. Other internationally recognized methods
are also acceptable.
4.4.4 Vertical vessel, including their support, shall be capable of holding a full load of water in the erected
position.
4.4.5 The maximum magnitude and range of stress intensities in the shell and head shall be evaluated for
the worst probable combination of external loads, internal support loads, internal pressure, and
thermal gradients and analyzed in accordance with the requirement of Part.5 of Division 2.
4.4.6 Stress in the nozzle neck and vessel shell shall be analyzed for external loading due to piping forces
and moments for compliance to the requirements of para.4.5.15 of ASME Code Section VIII, Div.2.
Acceptable methods of analysis are that given in Welding Research Council (WRC) Bulletins No’s
107, 297 and 368.
4.4.7 Finite Elements Analysis at the vessel skirt-bottom head junction shall be performed considering
combined pressure, dead load, wind, seismic overturning moment and thermal stresses.
4.5 Corrosion Allowance
4.5.1 Vessel minimum corrosion allowance (CA) of 3 mm (1/8”) shall be considered for carbon steel in
general for non-corrosive environment as regular hydrocarbon.
4.5.2 In normal operation under Wet H2S Service, killed carbon vessel steel shall have a CA of 6 mm
(1/4”).
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4.5.3 For other materials, vessel minimum CA is 3 mm (1/8”) for low alloyed steels ( up to 2.25 % Cr
included), 1.5 mm (1/16”) for low alloyed steels (up to 9 % Cr included) and 0.8 mm (1/32”) for
stainless steel. CA of 1.5 mm (1/16”) for low alloyed steels (up to 9 % Cr) may be extended to 3 mm
(1/8”) for critical equipment, in accordance with Owner’s request.
4.5.4 Clad / Weld Overlayed Equipment

- The specified cladding thickness will be considered as CA.
- The specified minimum undiluted thickness (with guaranteed chemical composition) of weld
overlay will be considered as CA.
4.5.5 Removable parts of carbon steel and low alloyed steels (up to 9 % Cr) internals shall have a
minimum CA of one half of total vessel shell CA on each side in contact with the operating fluid.
4.5.6 Fixed internals carbon steel and low alloyed steel (up to 9 % Cr) made shall have the full corrosion
allowance on each face.
4.5.7 In general, no corrosion allowance will be given for removable internals made of stainless steel
(13 % Cr and above) as also for those made of non-ferrous high alloyed. However, a CA shall be
considered for some internals exposed to severe conditions such as non-removable internals of
reactor, catalyst bed support beams of reactor in accordance with Engineering Drawings or
Mechanical Data Sheets.
4.5.8 Fixed internals made of stainless steel (13% Cr and above) shall have 0.8 mm (1/16”) corrosion
allowance on each face.
4.5.9 A total corrosion allowance of 1.5 mm (1/16”) shall be applied to all external steel supports (saddles,
skirts, etc.), except for high alloy material supports.
4.6 Combinations of Loads
4.6.1 All vessels shall be designed for either wind or earthquake loading, whichever is greater: It is
assumed that wind and earthquake loads do not occur simultaneously.
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4.6.2 Design loads definitions and load combinations, except for seismic and wind loads, shall be in
accordance with PIP VECV1001, Vessel Design Criteria – ASME Code Section VIII, Division 1 and
2, subtitles 5.4.1 (Design Load and Load Combinations) and 5.4.2 (Load Combinations).
4.7 Wind Load Requirements
4.7.1 Wind loads requirements shall be per 3006-5000-DC116004/S-000-1310-0004P “Wind Load

Calculation Procedure”.
4.7.2 Wind Induced Vibration of Vertical Vessels shall be per subtitle 5.5.3 of PIP VECV1001, Vessel
Design Criteria – ASME Code Section VIII, Division 1 and 2.
4.8 Seismic Loads Requirements
4.8.1 Seismic and earthquake loading shall be calculated in accordance with 3006-5000-DC116002
/S-000-1310-0002P ”Seismic Design Response Spectrum” and 3006-5000-DC116003
/S-000-1310-0003P “Seismic Design Criteria for Structures”.
4.9 Supports and External Attachments
4.9.1 Vertical vessels shall normally be supported on skirts. Support Lugs are not acceptable.
4.9.2 Skirts shall be designed to be attached to bottom head and base ring by continuous welds.
4.9.3 Skirts shall be provided with openings for ventilation.
(1) Skirts larger than 900 mm (2’-11 1/2”) in outside diameter shall be provided with an access
opening of at least 450 mm (1’-5 3/4”) in diameter, except when the interior of the skirt is
accessible from below.
(2) Openings for piping connections to the bottom of the vessel shall be provided as required
and shall be in accordance with 3006-5000-DM2D4104/D-000-1351-0004P “Standard
Drawing for Skirt and Base Plate”.
(3) When skirt is to be provided with insulation or fireproofing, all opening shall be provided with
ring or collars projected to equal the insulation or fireproofing thickness. Sleeves shall be of
PAGE 13 OF 70
sufficient size to provide clearance for painting, insulation and expansion. Sleeve material
shall be the same material composition as that portion of skirt and shall be continuously fillet
welded inside and outside.
4.9.4 For vessels with design temperature greater than 650 °F (343 °C), a stress analysis shall be
performed to determine the need of a hot box. Hot boxes shall be provided as required by the
analysis.
4.9.5 Cylindrical and conical support skirts shall be designed for the same stress limits as pressure
retaining components in accordance with the requirements of para.4.15 of Division 2, Thermal
gradients along the length of the skirt shall be considered.
4.9.6 Horizontal vessels supported by saddles shall be designed according to the method of L. P. Zick.
4.9.7 Horizontal vessels shall be provided with welded steel saddles, one of them anchored and the other
free to move in the axial direction on the foundation.
4.9.8 Saddles or saddle bands shall be continuously welded to the vessel shell in a manner that will seal
out moisture. A 3mm (1/8”) diameter vent hole shall be provided at the lowest point.
4.9.9 For cold vessel, all saddle material shall be same as the shell and heads.
4.9.10 At the sliding side of vessels installed on concrete foundations, sliding plates shall be provided in
accordance with 3006-5000-DM2D4107D-000-1351-0007P, 08P and 12P to 14P “Standard
Drawing for Saddle” and 0602.1.410 “Slide plates for Horizontal Vessels”.
4.9.11 Anchor bolts and setting bolts for vertical and horizontal vessels shall have double nuts.
4.9.12 Where vertical vessels have equal and more than eight (8) anchor bolts and nominal anchor bolt
size 1” and larger, the anchor bolt jigs shall be provided in accordance with 3006-5000-DM115007/
S-000-1351-0004P “General Specification for Anchor Bolts Jigs”, when specified in the Requisition.
4.9.13 Carbon steel anchor bolting (ASTM F 1554 Grade 36 Grade 36) shall be designed to an allowable
stress of:
Tension: 29.1 ksi (200 MPa)
Shear 12.1 ksi (83.2 MPa)
PAGE 14 OF 70
4.9.14 Unless otherwise specified in Engineering Drawings or Mechanical Data Sheets, stiffener rings for
vacuum conditions and for external loading shall be designed and fabricated from angles. The ratio
of the length of the angle leg to its thickness shall not exceed 8.
4.9.15 Stiffener Rings shall not be used in vessels in high temperature service (above 1004°F (540°C)) or
high temperature cyclic service. Owner/Owner’s Representative shall investigate temperature limits
for cyclic service and specify if stiffeners are permitted.
4.9.16 Unless otherwise specified in the Engineering Drawings or Mechanical Data Sheets, other external
attachments, such as pads, ladder and platform clips, pipe support clips, etc. shall be of the same
metallurgy as the shell and heads to which they are directly attached, for carbon steel with design
temperature over 650°F (343°C), low alloy steel and stainless steel.
4.9.17 The requirement for the design supports given in para.4.15 of Division 2 shall be considered as
minimum requirement.
4.9.18 Skirt shall be attached to the shell/bottom head by butt welding to a forged ring connecting lower
head with shell. Skirt attachment method must allow 100% X-Ray examination of lower head to ring
weld(s).
4.9.19 Fireproofing support clips shall be in accordance with the Standard Drawing 3006-5000-DM2D4116
/D-000-1351-0016P “Standard Drawing for Fireproofing for Equipment Support”.
4.10 Vessel Drawings and Calculations
4.10.1 Owner’s Representative shall furnish Manufacturer with Engineering Drawings or Mechanical Data
Sheets, which can not be approved as workshop drawings. Manufacturer shall provide complete
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ASME Code design calculations (including wind and earthquake). To substantial compliance with all
design requirements where computer programs are used, the Manufacturer shall clearly represent
the following:
▫ Name and address of the author, date of latest revision, assumptions and sketches
▫ Programs shall be recognized and well-tried software packages using the English Language
with SI Units (mm, °C, kg, forces in N or kN, pressure in MPa, stresses in MPa, etc). Input data,
loading cases and conclusions of each calculation step must explicitly appear in the calculation
sheets. For situations not clearly defined in the Code, Finite Elements Analysis may be used
with Manufacturer’s responsibility.
4.10.2 The Manufacturer shall also provide all necessary mechanical calculations to show that vessel is not
unduly stressed during loading, shipping, sea and road transportation and erection at job site from
horizontal to vertical position, For computer programs requirements of para.4.10.1 are applicable.
4.10.3 The Manufacturer shall supply fully dimensioned detail drawings including, as a minimum, all the
information shown in Engineering Drawings or Mechanical Data Sheets. Those are also required for
all gaskets and internals, such as trays, cyclones, etc. if applicable.
4.10.4 The Manufacturer shall also furnish:

(1) Welding details
(2) Details of insulation clips and rings
(3) Details of nozzles including reinforcements
(4) Details of tray supporting rings / downcomer bolting bars / internal distributor supports
(5) Nameplate Details
(6) Details for Transportation/erection together with calculations
(7) List of materials with specifications
(8) Maximum Allowable Nozzles Loads (required for nozzles 6” and above except for manholes,
handholes, instrument nozzles and nozzles with blind flanges)
4.10.5 The location of all vessel components, openings, seams, internals, etc., of the vessel shall be
indicated on the shop drawings by the distance to a common reference line. The reference line shall
be permanently marked on the shell.
4.10.6 Copies of the Manufacturer’s drawings shall be submitted to the Owner’s Representatives for review
before any work shown on the drawings is commenced. One copy shall be returned bearing the
Owner’s Representatives stamp and notations of any required changes. Number of copies for
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required documents shall be included in Purchase Order or Requisition. All drawings shall be on
reproducible and electronics format once reviewed by the Owner’s Representative.
4.11 Connections
4.11.1 Flanges shall be per ASME Standards B16.5 and B16.47, or designed per ASME Code Section VIII,
Division 1. ASME B16.47 Series A shall be indicated by the Owner’s Representative on Engineering
Drawings or Mechanical Data Sheets. For items with nominal corrosion allowance larger than 3 mm
(1/8”), Manufacturer shall calculate all flanges including ASME B16.5 standard flanges.
4.11.2 Unless otherwise specified the minimum size of nozzles connected to piping shall be 2”, flange and
neck shall have the same P–number as the vessel shell. Corrosion protection equivalent to that of
the vessel shall be provided.
4.11.3 Unless internal piping is required, drain connections, manholes and other nozzles shall be trimmed
flush with the inside of the vessel.
4.11.4 All inside edges of connection shall be ground to a minimum radius of 3 mm (1/8”).
4.11.5 Flanged connections may be constructed as integrally forged nozzles or may be built up from
seamless pipe or rolled plate butt welded to forged welding neck flanges.
4.11.6 Forged slip–on shall not be used unless specified in Engineering Drawings or Mechanical Data
Sheets.
4.11.7 The parent metal in the location of the nozzle/weld shall be subject to 100 % ultrasonic examination
before pad welding.
4.11.8 Nozzles shall be integrally reinforced and provided with a generous transition radius at the point of
attachment to the head or shell. Radiographable attachment hubs shall be recommended for weld
examination during fabrication and future operation.
4.11.9 Flange rating, facing and finish, material and bolting will be specified in Engineering Drawings or
Mechanical Data Sheets.
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(1) Wherever possible, the flange rating and facing shall be consistent with the specification of
the connecting piping.
(2) Manhole and handhole flange facing shall be similar to nozzles in the same section of the
vessel.
(3) Where adjacent nozzles are ring type joint, manhole facing shall be small tongue and
groove with the groove on the manhole flange.
(4) Flange facing and surface finish shall be in accordance with subtitle 5.11.5 of PIP
VECV1001, Vessel Design Criteria – ASME Code Section VIII, Division 1 and 2 and shall
meet the requirements of ASME B16.5 unless otherwise specified in Engineering Drawings
or Mechanical Data Sheets.
(5) Bolt holes of bolted connections shall straddle the natural horizontal and vertical centerlines
for horizontal vessels and the vertical and north–south centerlines for vertical vessels as
shown in the following figures.
(6) Vent and drain nozzles shall be sized as specified in Engineering Drawings or Mechanical
Data Sheets and Vessel connections may not be less than 2”.
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(7) Hydraulic bolt tensioning shall be applied in the following cases:

<Standard Flanges>
ASME RATING
SERVICE Nozzle Size
CLASSES
Above 500 °F (260 °C) 900 LB and over 12” and over
ALL 1500 LB and over 8” and over
ALL 2500 LB and over 4” and over
<Non Standard (Design) Flanges>
ASME RATING
SERVICE Bolt Diameter
CLASSES
ALL ALL 2” and over
Hydrogen 1500 LB and over 1 1/2” and over
Lethal ALL 1” and over
4.11.10 If the application of bolt tensioning equipment is anticipated in the design stage, due attention shall
be given to the clearance required to accommodate the tensioning tools
.
4.11.11 If hydraulic bolt tensioning is required as per 4.11.9(7), bolts shall have plus 1 nut length and a
thread protection shall be provided before shipping.
4.11.12 The bolt tension values applied shall be recorded and included in manufacturer’s final
documentation.
4.11.13 Screwed piping shall not be used.
4.11.14 Connections on vessels shall be flanged. For Class 2500 LB rating, ring joint flanges shall be
applied. Beveled connection may be used if specified in Engineering Drawings or Mechanical Data
Sheets.
4.11.15 Nozzles and manway connections in vessels shall be according to Table 4.2.13 of ASME
Code Section VIII Div.2.
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4.11.16 Nozzles and manway openings shall be flanged and shall conform to the requirements of para.4.5
and para.4.6 of ASME Code Section VIII Div.2, and shall be designed as special in accordance with
para.4.16 of Section VIII Div.2, when required by the ASME Code or specified.
4.11.17 Flange ratings are in accordance with ASME B16.5. Flange rating listed in the project specifications
are based on design pressure temperature conditions only and do not account for external loads
due to piping reactions, The design of all flanges shall account for external loads imposed by piping
reactions, and consideration shall be given to differential thermal expansion for dissimilar joints.
4.11.18 In flanges for ring-type joint (RJT) gasket, the bottom groove radii and the groove-to-bore width shall
be increased, and final pass weld overlay in the groove and machining shall be applied after the
vessel final PWHT.
4.12 Inspection and Access Openings
4.12.1 The location, quantity, and size of manholes shall be specified to ensure that all interior areas are
accessible as required. Additional manholes over and above the minimum requirements of the
respective Division of Section VIII of the ASME Code shall be provided in vessels for installation and
removal of vessel internals such as fractionating trays, moisture separators, etc.
4.12.2 Manholes shall be usable from a ladder, platform or grade
4.12.3 Manholes size shall normally be according to the following table and shall be provided with bolted
cover and davit or hinges for handling, except where larger manholes are required for installation of
internals or similar purposes.
Vessel Inside Diameter Manhole Size
900mm and less For Vertical Vessels:
Top Head Flange or 8” Hand Hole (no internal is in vessel)
For Horizontal Vessels:
8” Hand Hole
From 901mm to 1300mm 20” Nominal Size Manhole
Over 1300mm 24” Nominal Size (Min. 20” ID)
4.12.4 Handholes shall be a minimum of 8” nominal size. Studded pad or nozzle type may be used and
shall be provided with a bolted cover and handle.
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4.12.5 Nozzle projections shall be in accordance with Engineering Drawings or Mechanical Data Sheets.
5 MATERIALS
5.1 General
5.1.1 Materials shall be specified by Owner / Owner’s Representative and their designation indicated on
Engineering Drawings or Mechanical Data Sheets.
5.1.2 Materials of construction for vessel parts subject to internal or external pressure shall conform to the
specifications given in the specified Division of Section VIII of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel
Code limited to the extent indicated in the following paragraphs of this section.
5.1.3 Equivalent substitutes may be specified for materials of construction for pressure vessels with the
approval of Owner’s Representative, however, to assure code stamping, all materials for pressure
parts must comply with the respective Division of Section VIII of the ASME.
5.1.4 Pressure holding components constructed of rolled plate for carbon steel vessels shall generally be
of the same or comparable material as that used for the shell and heads.
5.1.5 The plate used for reinforcing pad and other external attachments directly welded to the pressure
retaining parts shall be the same composition steel as that used for the shell or head to which it is
welded.
5.1.6 Materials shall be identified in terms of manufacturer and heat number. All materials shall be new
and unused.
5.1.7 Each plate or forging shall be legibly stamped or stenciled with grade number and plate or forging
number. When metal stamping is performed, it shall preferably be on the long edge of each
component as it leaves the mill.
5.1.8 Material certification of componenets for pressure retaining parts, their attachments directly welded
to vessel and load bearing internal / external parts, shall be according to ISO 10474 / EN 10304 /
DIN 50049 “3.1”
5.1.9 The allowable stress values for stainless steel materials, except for shell and heads, shall be based
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on the lower value given in Table 1A of the ASME Pressure Vessel Code, Section II, Part D.
5.1.10 Carbon-1/2 Mo steel shall not be used.
5.1.11 Unless otherwise specified in Engineering Drawings or Mechanical Data Sheets, Carbon steel
vessels operating in hydrocarbon or other hazardous services shall have all plate steels used for
pressure parts made from pressure vessel quality plate conforming to one of the following ASME
vessel steels: SA-285 (semi or fully killed), SA-515, SA-516, or equal. For vessels with a minimum
design metal temperature (MDMT) - 20°F(-29°C) to 650°F(345°C) the material specification, steel
making practice and heat treated condition shall be specified such that impact testing is not required
by ASME Section VIII Division 2, para.3.11.7. For vessels with a MDMT below -20°F(-29°C) the
plate material shall be per ASME code. Impact testing shall be in accordance with para.3.11.7.
5.1.12 Material for carbon steel forgings shall be ASME SA-105, SA-266 Class 2, or SA-350 Grade LF2.
5.1.13 Carbon steel plates, forging and castings for pressure retaining components shall have the
maximum carbon content of 0.25%. Chemical analysis results on material test reports shall include
the unspecified elements such as chromium, copper, molybdenum, nickel, and vanadium. Carbon
content shall be checked for carbon equivalent using the following equation:
Ceq = C + Mn/6 + (Cr + Mo + V)/5 + (Ni + Cu)/15
Materials with a carbon equivalent greater than 0.50% shall be welded using a 300°F (150°C)
preheat, low hydrogen rods and shall be stress relieved per code when the weld joints are 19mm
(3/4”) or larger.
5.1.14 Steel plates exceeding 25mm (1”) in thickness subject to internal or external pressure shall be
ultrasonically inspected per SA-578. The ultrasonic inspection shall certify that the plate is sound
and that no defects such as pips, ruptures or lamination exist, along edges to the welded, or in areas
which will be cut out for nozzle installation or other connections.
5.1.15 Plate material exceeding 25mm (1”), thickness shall have the weld bevel edge 100% magnetic
particle or liquid penetrant examined. Magnetic particle examination shall be in accordance with
para.7.5.6, in ASME Code Section VIII, Division 2. Liquid penetrant examination shall be in
accordance with para.7.5.7, in ASME Code Section VIII, Division 2. No relevant linear indication is
permitted.
5.1.16 Material specification showing Physical, Chemical and Inspection requirements shall be supplied to
the Owner’s Representative for approval prior to material purchase order for all Pressure Boundary
Materials and structural supports.
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5.1.17 For Vessels fabricated with 2.25Cr-1Mo low alloyed steel, IN42.2 and API 934-A shall be complied.
5.1.18 For Vessels fabricated with 2.25Cr-1Mo-0.25V low alloyed steel, IN42.3 and API 934 shall be
complied.
5.1.19 Minimum Pressurized Temperature (MPT) shall be submitted.
5.2 Bolting and Gaskets
Bolting and gaskets for service operation shall be supplied with the vessel by the Manufacturer in
accordance with the material specifications shown on Engineering Drawings or Mechanical Data
Sheets for all flanged connections for which cover plates are being furnished.
Following is the minimum requirements for bolting and gaskets:
5.2.1 Bolting:
5.2.1.1 Unless indicated otherwise on the Mechanical Data Sheet, all external bolting shall conform to the
following ASME specifications:
Design Temperature °F (°C) Stud Nuts
SA–320 Gr. L–7 SA–194 Gr. 4
-148 (-100) to -20 (-28)
SA–320 Gr. L–7M (Note 1) SA–194 Gr. 7M (Note 1)
SA–193 Gr. B–7 SA–194 Gr. 2H
-20 (-28) to 842 (450)
SA–193 Gr. B–7M (Note 1) SA–194 Gr. 2HM (Note 1)
SA–193 Gr. B–16 SA–194 Gr. 7
842 (450) to 1000 (538)
SA–453 Gr.660 CL-A (Note 1,2) SA–194 Gr. 7M (Note 1)
Note:
(1) For manholes, handholes and shell girth flanges, if Wet H2S service is specified and the
insulation is applicable (as per NACE MR0103).
(2) As per NACE MR0103, the maximum hardness shall be 35 HRC.
5.2.1.2 Non pressure retaining internal bolts for carbon steel and low alloy vessels shall be conforming to
SA–193 Gr. B6 (AISI 410) material unless otherwise specified in Engineering Drawings or
Mechanical Data Sheets. For other vessels, all internal bolts shall conform to the materials of the
other internal parts unless otherwise specified in Engineering Drawings or Mechanical Data Sheets.
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5.2.2 Gaskets:
5.2.2.1 Gasket specified shall be supplied by the manufacturer unless otherwise specifically noted.
5.2.2.2 Unless otherwise specified, internal gasket shall be non-asbestos sheet gasket.
5.2.2.3 Gasket for ring-type joint (RTJ) flanges shall have a maximum Brinell hardness of HB 130, except
the following:
(1) TP 304 / 316 / 321 / 347 – HB 160 max
(2) TP 304L / 316L – HB 150 max
(3) TP 410 SS – HB 170 max
5.2.2.4 External gasket materials shall be in accordance with Engineering Drawings or Mechanical Data
Sheets.
5.2.2.5 Gasket for ring-type joint (RTJ) flanges shall be octagonal type.
5.3 Skirt for Stainless Steel or other High–Alloy Vessel
5.3.1 The skirt for stainless steel or other high alloy steel vessels shall be as per subtitle 6.6 of PIP
VECV1001, “Vessel Design Criteria ASME Code Section VIII, Division 1 and 2”.
5.4 Carbon steel for Moderate Sour Service (Wet H2S Resistant Steel)
The definition of the Moderate Sour Service in NACE MR 0103 is the components of equipment and
piping exposed to sour refinery environmental conditions defined as follows:
(1) > 50 ppmw dissolved H2S in the free water, or,
(2) free water pH < 4 and some dissolved H2S present, or,
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(3) free water pH > 7.6 and 20 ppmw dissolved hydrogen cyanide (HCN) in the water and some
dissolved H2S present, or
(4) > 0.0003 MPa absolute (0.05 psia) partial pressure H2S in the gas processes with a gas
phase.
When vessel contains “Wet H2S service” and when “Wet H2S resistant steel” is specified in
Engineering Drawings or Mechanical Data Sheets, APPENDIX I shall be followed.
5.5 Carbon steel for Severe Sour Service and Rich Amine Service (HIC Resistant Steel)
When vessel contains “Wet H2S service” and when “HIC resistant steel” is specified, or when “Rich
Amine Service” in Engineering Drawings or Mechanical Data Sheets, both of APPENDIX I and
APPENDIX B shall be followed.
5.6 Carbon steel for Lean Amine Service and Caustic Service
When vessel contains “Lean Amine Service” or “Caustic Service”, the following requirements shall
be followed:
(1) Thermal Stress Relieving required for all welds (PWHT), even If it is not required by code,
(2) Thermal Stress Relieving required for cold bend zones producing outer fiber deformation
greater than 5%, even if it is not required by code,
(3) Hardness of base metal, weld deposit and heat affected zone (HAZ) for production welds
and Welding Procedure Qualification (WPQT) shall be limited as follows:
Production Welds Welding Procedure Qualification
Base metal 200 HBW (HOLD) 200 HBW
Weld Deposit 200 HBW 200 HBW
HAZ No limitation 200 HBW

Note:
Electroless Nickel can replace or be used in addition to, in specific situations, the Stress Relieving
Heat Treatment in equipment and welded or cold worked pieces, which are under Caustic Service.
5.7 Corrosion Resistant Clad Pressure Vessels

When clad or weld overlay are specified for the shell and/or heads for pressure vessels in
Engineering Drawings or Mechanical Data Sheets, APPENDIX III shall be followed.
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5.8 Low Alloyed Steels for Pressure Vessels

When low alloyed steel are specified for the shell and/or heads for pressure vessels in the
Engineering Drawings or Mechanical Data Sheets, APPENDIX IV shall be followed.
6 FABRICATION
6.1 General
6.1.1 Vessel shells and heads have minimum thicknesses of not less than Code requirements, using
design temperature, design pressure, and corrosion allowance as specified in the Engineering
Drawings or Mechanical Data Sheets. In any event, the minimum thickness of carbon steel vessels
shall not be less than the following values:
▫ 5mm + CA or 6mm for Vessels ID = 610 to 2100 mm
▫ 7mm + CA or 10mm for Vessels ID = 2110 to 3600 mm
▫ 8mm + CA or 11mm for Vessels ID = 3610mm and over

The minimum thickness of the base metal in clad vessels shall be 9 mm
6.1.2 Depending on thickness and cost, shells may be rolled with one longitudinal seam per course with
clad or weld overlay lining (where applicable) or may be made of forged rings with overlay lining
(where applicable).
6.1.3 Heads shall be die forged in one piece wherever possible or hot formed from plates preferably in one
or two pieces. Longitudinal and circumferential seams of cylindrical shells, all seams in spherical
shells and built–up heads shall be located to clear openings, theirs reinforcing pads, saddle wear
plate, tray and insulation support rings. When any case mentioned above is unavoidable, the seam
shall be ground flush and examined RT and MT or PT prior to welding.
6.1.4 External shell attachments such as platform clips, pads, pipe support and guide clips shall be
provided as required in Engineering Drawings or Mechanical Data Sheets.
6.1.5 Vessels to be insulated shall be provided with insulation supports as required in accordance with
Engineering Design Standard 3006-5000-DM2D4119/D-000-1351-0019P “Standard Drawing for
Insulation Supports for Vessels-Hot Service” and 3006-5000-DM2D4140/D-000-1351-0040P
“Standard Drawing for Insulation Supports for Horizontal Vessels-Hot Service”.
6.1.6 When required in Engineering Drawings or Mechanical Data Sheets, vessels shall be provided with
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lifting lugs or trunnions and vertical vessels with tailing lugs.
6.1.7 The Owner’s Representative shall approve necessity for location of lifting lugs/tailing lugs and
trunnions.
6.1.8 Vessels provided with manholes, liquid level controls or relief valves 3660mm (12’-0”)above grade,
shall be equipped with caged ladders and platforms.
6.1.9 Ladder and platform lugs shall be shop–welded to the vessel.
6.1.10 Where vertical vessels require insulation, fabricator shall furnish and install support rings.
6.1.11 Stiffener rings for external pressure may also be utilized in supporting insulation.
6.1.12 The thickness of head plates shall not be less than the required design thickness, with consideration
to reduction in thickness due to forming.
6.1.13 Intermediate heads shall be attached to the shell per ASME Code Section VIII, Div. 2 with fillet weld.
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6.1.14 All flange facing shall be protected against oxidation during heat treatment.
6.1.15 The Master Reference Line shall be established by the Vessel Manufacturer and clearly marked
inside and outside of the vessel prior to attaching the bottom head. It shall be parallel to the root land
of the bottom shell course, and perpendicular to the longitudinal axis the vessel.
6.2 Welding
6.2.1 Vessels shall be designed on the basis that pressure holding welds shall normally be full penetration
double welded butt joints. Where double welded butt joints are not practical, full penetration welds
shall be made by GTAW or GMAW process, for 1st layer minimum.
6.2.2 Internal shell attachments such as deck supports angles, lugs, clips and seats shall be designed to
be welded to the vessel shell or head by continuous fillet welds.
6.2.3 All longitudinal seams shall clear from nozzles, clips and other external parts by a minimum of 75mm
(3”). The layout of circumferential and longitudinal seams are not within the down comer area of
trays or behind any obstruction that prevents inspection of these welds. Longitudinal seams for
vertical vessels shall preferably be located 180° apart. If the above are unavoidable, Manufacturer
shall contact Owner’s Representative and propose alternative / additional inspection procedure.
6.2.4 Welding procedures shall conform to ASME code, Section IX, manufacturer’s welding procedure
and qualification records shall be submitted for approval of Owner’s Representative upon receipt of
Purchase Order. Welding shall not be performed prior to Owner’s Representative’s order approval
of welding procedure and qualification.
6.2.5 Vessels shall be welded by fusion arc process.
6.2.6 Application of Flux Cored Arc Welding (FCAW) shall comply with following requirements.
(1) Common Requirement

 Self-shielding FCAW shall not be used.
 FCAW shall not be used for butt welding.
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(2) Conditions and requirements of FCAW Application (regardless of material production

method, such as rolling, forging, or casting)
Welding Materials Conditions Requirements*
Austenitic Stainless Steel Ο (a)
Carbon Steel （including Low-temperature Steel and Ο (b) (c) (d)
High Tensile Steel）
Cr-Mo Steel X
Other Materials （Inconel, Duplex Stainless Steel, etc.） Δ
Remarks： Ο FCAW may be used with the applicable Requirements* indicated on the
table.
X FCAW shall not be used.
Δ The use of FCAW shall be subjected to specific approval of Owner’s
Representative
Requirements*
(a): Bi(Bismuth)-free wire (Bi≦0.002%) shall be used where the operating temperature of the
welds exceeds 932°F (500°C) or where solution annealing or stabilizing heat treatment is to be
applied after welding.
(b): Flux-cored wire of H4 or H5 grade (Hydrogen content ≦5cc H2/100g of weld metal) shall be
used where the joint thickness exceeds 50mm (2”) or where the minimum tensile strength of
the base metal is 80ksi (550MPa) or more. Preheat temperature shall be 122°F (50°C) higher
than the specified preheat temperature of the project.
(c): Flux-cored wire which is guaranteed for impact properties after PWHT shall be used where
the welds are to be stress relieved after welding and an impact test is required for the welds.
(d): Welding Procedure Qualification shall be re-qualified in case of the change of consumable
brand name
6.2.7 Backing strips shall not be permitted without approval of Owner’s Representative.
6.2.8 Nozzle attachment welds shall be of the full penetration type.
6.2.9 Welded–in baffles or decks for vessels 1200 mm (4’–0”) diameter or larger, shall have integrally
flanged edges and shall be welded to the vessel by a continuous fillet weld at the flanged edge.
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6.2.10 Seams in supporting skirts shall be made with full penetration butt-welds. Weld joints between skirts
and vessel heads shall have complete fusion for full length and be free from undercut, overlap or
abrupt ridges or valleys. The width of the welded joint shall be at least equal to the skirt thickness
and the height shall be twice the skirt thickness.
6.2.11 All external supports, support rings, pads, and structural brackets attached to the vessel shall be
seal welded all around to prevent corrosion between the vessel and attachments. When seal
welding all around is not practical, provision for drainage shall be made; e.g., a gap in the low–point
weld
6.2.12 All vessel main lifting attachments shall be welded with continuous fillet weld.
6.2.13 No welding shall be allowed within any place where proper visual inspection of the weld is
impossible.
6.2.14 In horizontal vessels, the longitudinal weld seams of the shell shall not interfere with the welds of
shell attachments and the saddles shall not interfere with the circumferential and longitudinal weld
seams of the vessel shell. Also, these weld seams shall be inspected as far as possible.
6.2.15 Joints between plates of different thicknesses for vessel shells shall be aligned at the inside
surfaces.
6.2.16 Welding shall be performed in the “Flat” position as far as possible and the welding sequence shall
be established in order to perform a deliberate welding to minimize welding stresses.
6.2.17 Welding electrodes shall be of AWS approved quality or equivalent.
6.2.18 Welding materials to be used with carbon steels shall be “Low-hydrogen” type.
6.2.19 Alloy elements containing flux powder for submerged arc automatic and semiautomatic welding
techniques shall not be employed.
6.2.20 All welding consumables shall have specified tensile, impact (ferrous materials only) and chemical
analyses values under their various international classifications.
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6.2.21 The minimum preheat for 2.25Cr-1Mo welds shall be 300°F (150 °C), but preheat temperature for
first weld overlay shall be 212°F (100°C) as minimum. The preheat for CS welds including weld
overlay shall be also considered.
6.2.22 Preheat shall extend for a minimum of 1t of thickness of the welded joint on each side of the weld.
The heating band need not extend more than 4 inch in any direction from edges to be welded.
6.2.23 Circumferential welds shall be so located that visual inspection can be made with internal equipment
supports in place.
6.2.24 All weld repairs extending deeper than 3/8 inch (9.5mm) from the surface shall be 100% examined
both by radiographic and ultrasonic means. A record of all such repairs shall be maintained.
6.2.25 For the vessels made by Carbon Steel and over 100mm thickness, the DHT shall be performed at a
minimum metal temperature of 570°F (300°C) for a duration. In no case shall the duration be less
than 1 hour.
6.3 Internals
6.3.1 Tray support rings and downcomer bolting bars shall be furnished and installed by vessel
manufacturer unless otherwise specified in Engineering Drawings.
6.3.2 On vessels with internals, where a vessel opening is not located in the top head, internal rigging
clips shall be provided to facilitate handling of the internals.
6.3.3 An external Davit for lifting the removable internal components shall be provided, if required in
6.3.4 Vessels internals and all portions of each vessel shall be self–draining and self–venting to ensure
complete elimination of liquid and vapors from the vessel when drained and vented.
6.3.5 The tray manufacturer shall submit complete shop details, including installation instructions and
packing list, to Owner’s Representative for approval and transmittal to vessel Manufacturer.
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6.3.6 The minimum thickness of internal plateworks and support rings shall not be less than 6 mm (1/4”).
6.3.7 Internal flanges shall be in accordance with 3006-5000-DM2D4106/D-000-1351-0006P “Standard

Drawing for Internal Flange” and shall be fastened with hex–head machine bolts and nuts
tack–welded to the flanges to avoid loosening.
6.3.8 Removable internals shall be made in sections that can be removed through the manholes.
6.3.9 For openings connected to pump suction, a vortex breaker shall be provided and be indicated in
6.3.10 Vessels with manhole shall have internal rungs above and below the manholes to facilitate internal
access as per 3006-5000-DM2D4105/D-000-1351-0005P “Standard Drawing for Internal Ladder
Rung and Grab Rung”.
6.3.11 Internal attachments welded directly to the shell such as tray supports, downcomer bolting bars,
seal pan supports and other attachments shall be of the same metallurgy of the inside surface of the
vessel for carbon steel with design temperature over 650°F (343°C), low alloy steel and stainless
steel, and shall be welded to the shell or head by continuous fillet welds.
6.3.12 Clips, beam support and other heavily loaded attachments in cladded vessels shall have the
cladding stripped back and shall be welded to the base metal. After completing the attachment weld
the cladding shall be restored by overlaying all exposed carbon steel or low alloy areas.
6.3.13 For vessels in hydrogen service, Internal attachments welded directly to the shell such as tray
supports, downcomer bolting bars, seal pan supports and other attachments shall be welded with
full penetration.
6.3.14 When the manufacturer intend to apply weld build-up type support ring supporting for heavy load
internals, weld build-up support rings shall be fabricated from the same material as used for Vessel
strength welds. Welding procedures used for the weld build-up and the inspection and examination
shall be the same as those required for vessel strength welds. Such build-ups shall be machined to
a smooth contour, followed by application of alloy lining per the requirement on this Specification,
and shall be 100% ultrasonic examined from inside after final heat treatment, Any unbonded area
shall be repaired and reexamined. The top surface and support rings shall be machined to provide a
reasonable smooth flat surface.
6.3.15 If high alloy austenitic steel (SS) internal supports are welded directly on ferritic steel vessel wall, the
operating temperature range, ∆T, shall be small such that (α1-α2)∆T<0.00034 where α1 and α2 are
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the mean coefficients of thermal expansions of the materials. If this limit cannot be met, the vessel
wall shall be covered with weld overlay and internal support shall be welded to the weld overlay.
7 INSPECTION
7.1 General
7.1.1 Owner’s Representative reserves the right to inspect the vessels at any time during fabrication to
assure that the vessel materials and workmanship are in accordance with this Specification.
7.1.2 The approval of any work by the Owner’s Representative and his release of a vessel shall not relieve
the manufacturer of any responsibility for carrying out the provisions of this Specification.
7.1.3 The dimensional inspection using jig plates shall be performed unless it’s not practical. The
acceptance criteria of the tolerances are in accordance with 3006-5000-DM2D4117
/D-000-1351-0017P “Standard Drawing for Tolerance for Column and Drum”.
7.2 Material Inspection
7.2.1 The material inspection shall be conducted by confirming the material certificates of mill test reports
of pressure retaining parts.
7.2.2 When the plate or pipe is cut into two or more pressure bearing parts (and non-pressure bearing
parts directly welded to the pressure bearing parts) or the original material identification markings
are unavoidably cut out, material designation and material identification number shall be properly
transferred to each part by low stress stamping prior to cutting. The material identification marking
shall be easily visible during the fabrication process as well as the completed vessels, and shall be
surrounded with paint.
7.2.3 Where hydrogen or wet H2S service is specified, all plate materials to be used for pressure retaining
portion shall be comply with the requirements of Appendix “I” and “II”.
7.2.4 When required in Purchase Order or Requisition, positive alloy material identification (PMI) shall be
performed in accordance with 3006-5000-DGB04103/S-000-1520-0103P “Requirement of Positive
Material Identification(PMI) for Purchased Equipment and Materials”.
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7.3 Welding Inspection
7.3.1 Radiographic Examination (RT)
7.3.1.1 Radiographic (RT) examination shall be in accordance with para.7.5.3 of the ASME Code Section
VIII, Division 2.
7.3.1.2 The acceptance standard shall comply with the ASME Code Section VIII, Division 2, para.7.5.3 and
Fig.7.3~7.10.
7.3.1.3 All Categories A,B,C and D welded joints shall be radiographically examined before final PWHT.
The manufacturer may perform PT or UT examinations at his own expense, before PWHT to avoid
any repiar after PWHT.
7.3.1.4 Shells and heads seams shall be 100% examined. Radiographs for acceptance of the vessel may
be done after an intermediate PWHT at a temperature less than the final PWHT temperature.
7.3.1.5 Weld between nozzles, conforming to Table.4.2.13 of the ASME Code Section VIII, Division 2, and
shell or heads shall be 100% examined.
7.3.1.6 When RT is not practical for nozzle welds and skirt attachment welds, UT can be applied in place of
RT, with the prior approval of Owner and the Purchaser.
7.3.2 Ultrasonic Examination (UT)
7.3.2.1 Where ultrasonic examination is specified, it shall be carried out after post weld heat treatment is
conducted.
7.3.2.2 The portion to be examined may be specified by the witness inspector.
7.3.2.3 The area under vessel lifting attachments shall be ultrasonically tested for lamellar tearing before
and after welding attachment.
7.3.2.4 Examination of welds by UT shall be in accordance with para.7.5.4 of the ASME Code Section VIII,
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Division 2.
7.3.2.5 The acceptance standard shall comply with Code Division 2, para.7.5.4.2.
7.3.2.6 All Category A, B, C and D welded joints shall be ultrasonically examined after final PWHT.
7.3.2.7 The support skirt attachment weld shall be ultrasonically examined.
7.3.2.8 Repair welds shall be 100% examined.
7.3.3 Magnetic Particle Examination (MT) and Liquid Penetrant Examination (PT)
7.3.3.1 Magnetic particle examination shall be in accordance with para.7.5.6 of Division 2. If prods are used,
tips shall be carbon steel. Lead or copper tips are not permitted.
7.3.3.2 The acceptance standard shall comply with the ASME Code Section VIII, Division 2, para.7.5.6.2.
7.3.3.3 All weld bevels for Category A, B, C and D welds shall receive a magnetic particle examination
before welding. Including 2 inches adjacent to weld bevels.
7.3.3.4 All accessible surface of Category A, B, C and D welds shall receive a magnetic particle examination
after pressure test.
7.3.3.5 Magnetic particle examination of all forgings after machining.
7.3.3.6 Magnetic particle examination all back gouged weld surfaces.
7.3.3.7 Magnetic particle examination all pressure retaining welds before and after PWHT.
7.3.3.8 External shell, heads and nozzle welds, permanent attachment welds, and skirt to head welds shall
be 100% examined after hydrostatic test. The yoke method shall be used as much as possible for
this final examination.
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7.3.3.9 Magnetic particle examination or liquid penetrant examination of all internal and external
non-pressure components welded to pressure retaining components before PWHT.
7.3.3.10 Temporary shop attachments shall cut off above the weld, ground smooth to the vessel surface, and
100% magnetic particle examination or liquid penetrant examination, and its location shall be
recorded.
7.3.3.11 Liquid penetrant examination shall be in accordance with para.7.5.7 of ASME Code Section VIII,
Div.2.
7.3.4 Hardness Test
7.3.4.1 For wet H2S, caustic or amine service, the hardness of weld seams including heat affected zones of
the joint categories A, B, C and D (only for butt joints where the connection is 2 in. NPS or larger) per
ASME Code shall be tested.
7.3.4.2 The hardness test shall be made against the weldments of each welding procedure per vessel.
7.3.4.3 The hardness test required for wet H2S, caustic or amine service as above mentioned shall be
made at the inside surface of welded joints when the same procedures are employed for the inside
and outside.
7.3.4.4 The hardness test shall be carried out using a portable Brinell hardness tester with a 10 mm
diameter ball after postweld heat treatment.
7.3.4.5 The hardness test locations shall be designated by the witness inspector.
7.3.4.6 The location to be hardness tested shall be flush and smooth.
7.3.4.7 Brinell hardness of the base metal, the weld metal and the Heat Affected Zone (HAZ) of all welds
shall not exceed the limits given below:
MATERIAL (P-Number, See ASME Section IX) BRINELL HARDNESS
P-1 (Note 1) : HB 225 (Note 2, 3, 4)
P-3, 4, 9 : HB 225 (Note 3, 4, 5)
P-5, 6, 7, 10 : HB 235
PAGE 36 OF 70
Notes:
(1) Base metal hardness tests are not required on P-1 materials.
(2) For units in hydrogen service, hardness value shall be limited to HB 200.
(3) For units in wet H2S service and Rich Amine service, hardness value shall be in accordance
with Appendix I and II.
(4) For units in caustic and lean amine service, hardness value shall be in accordance with para.
5.6(3)
(5) For 1.25 Cr-0.5 Mo, refer to para. 2.1 (3) (D) of APPENDIX IV
Examinations shall be made in the presence of the Owner’s inspector to verify compliance with the
above hardness values.
7.3.4.8 The hardness test of the HAZ shall be made with the ball centered in the HAZ (representing a
composite of weld metal, HAZ, and base metal).
7.3.4.9 One hardness reading shall be taken on each shell section, head, nozzle, longitudinal weld, girth,
nozzle, weld and weld heat affected zone after final post weld heat treatment, The Brinell hardness
reading shall not exceed 225BHN for low alloy steel and 200BHN for Carbon Steel.
7.3.5 Weldment Checking
7.3.5.1 All welded joints of pressure retaining parts and no pressure retaining parts shall be visually
inspected to confirm that there is no defect in the weldment.
8 POSTWELD HEAT TREATMENT (PWHT)
(1) No welding shall be performed on vessel after PWHT without written specific approval of
Owner’s Representative.
(2) No service bolting shall be subjected to PWHT.
(3) Removable internals shall be installed after stress relieving.
(4) Post weld heat treatment other than required by the specified Code shall be done if
indicated on the Engineering Drawings or Mechanical Data Sheets.
PAGE 37 OF 70
(5) The exemption provided in ASME code section VIII, Table.6.8, 6.9, 6.14 and 6.15, allowing
postweld heat treatment at lower temperature for longer periods of time is not permitted.
(6) All gasket flanges and other machined surfaces shall be checked after heat treatment
and/or fabrication for freedom from warpage, distortion, oxidation and unbroken serrations.
(7) Heating with Furnace shall only be employed. Local PWHT may be performed by Heating
with electrical source but method must be approved by Owner or Owner’s Representative
before implementation by manufacturer.
(8) Test plate shall receive minimum anticipated heat treatment cycles plus one PWHT cycle.
Cooling rate of the test plate shall be compatible with the cooling rate of the vessel following
final PWHT cycle.
(9) For 2.25 Cr-1Mo, Intermediate Stress Relief (ISR) shall be conducted at 1112°F (600°C)for
2 hours or 1200°F (650°C) for 1 hour. A low temperature Dehydration Heat Treatment (DHT)
instead of an ISR is subjected to approval by Owner and Purchaser. When needed, the
manufacturer shall submit their technical back data, experience list, etc.
For CS also, ISR or DHT shall be conducted.
(10) The vessel fabricator shall submit to Owner for review and approval, shop and filed heat
treatment, each procedure shall include, but not limited to:
a. Method of heating
b. Location and quantity of thermocouples for measurement of temperature
c. Heating and cooling curves, including heat treatment charts
d. Document indicating the guaranteed minimum properties that will be achieved
9 HYDROSTATIC TEST PRESSURE
(1) A Hydrostatic test pressure shall be maintained for an adequate time to permit a thorough
inspection, in any case not less than 60 minutes.
(2) Vessel shall not be painted prior to the pressure test.
(3) If field assembly/erection is involved, the final hydrostatic test shall be on the User’s site.
The manufacturer shall provide Owner’s Representative a detailed test procedure for review
prior to testing.
PAGE 38 OF 70
(4) Horizontal vessels designed to support a full weight load of water shall be tested while
resting on its supports saddles without additional supports or cribbing.
(5) Vertical vessels may be shop tested in the horizontal position. These vessels must be
adequately supported during the test to prevent damage.
(6) No welding, burning or grinding of pressure resisting weld shall be performed on vessels
that have been pressure tested and stamped unless approved by the user. This includes,
but not limited to, welds for shipping attachments, refractory anchors, insulation clips,
stiffeners, spiders, or grinding for surface preparation.
(7) Gasket compound for flange joint contact surface shall not be used for pressure test.
Service gaskets shall be used for testing, except those for nozzle connections for piping.
(8) For vessels made of austenitic stainless steel or austenitic stainless steel clad and vessels
having austenitic stainless steel internals, clean fresh water shall be used as primary test
medium, but the use of other test mediums shall be subject to approval. The test water shall
have chloride content less than 50 ppm.
(9) Potable water shall be used for vessels made of carbon steel.
(10) Two (2) pressure gauges per vessel shall be used for the pressure test. One (1) test gauge
shall be set at the highest position and the other is at the lowest position of the vessel.
(11) The metal temperature during hydrostatic test shall be at least 30°F (17 °C) above the
Minimum Allowable Metal Temperature (MAMT) for design pressure to minimize the risk of
brittle fracture.
MAMT means the highest value of impact test temperature among all pressure retaining
materials and their joints.
(12) The vessel(s) shall be hydrostatically tested in accordance to the requirements of para.8.2
of Division 2.
(13) Vessels which are to be hydrostatically tested in the horizontal position shall be supported
adequately to prevent local stress in the shell from exceeding 90% of the yield strength of
the material.
PAGE 39 OF 70
(14) For the nozzles with companion flange, hydrostatic test shall be conducted with connected
companion flange. Manufacturer shall provide proper cap on companion flange for
hydrostatic test.
10 PNEUMATIC TEST
(1) Pneumatic test for vessels partially or completely filled with air shall not be performed
without approval of Owner’s Representative.
(2) Pneumatic test shall be per subtitle 7.2.2, ”Pneumatic Test”, of PIP VECV1001, Vessel
Design Criteria – ASME Code Section VIII, Division 1 and 2.
(3) Each nozzle reinforcing pad or each segment thereof shall be tested pneumatically at 15
psig (1 kgf/cm2). Test to be performed after any PWHT and before vessel hydrostatic test.
The tell-tale holes in the reinforcing pads shall be left open and filled with grease after
testing.
11 NAMEPLATE
(1) Nameplate shall comply with 3006-5000-DM2D4127/D-000-1351-0027P “Standard

Drawing for Nameplate”
(2) The nameplate location shall be in accordance with Engineering Drawings or Mechanical
Data Sheets and shall be accessible from the ground level and structures.
12 PAINTING AND MARKING
(1) External surfaces, excluding machined surfaces, shall be given a coat of primer paint when
specified in Engineering Drawings or Mechanical Data Sheets.
(2) Surface preparation, painting, and painting material shall be in accordance with
3006-5000-DM115891/S-000-13A0-0001P “General Specification for Painting and Surface
Preparation”.
(3) Piece marking or other lettering on vessels fabricated of austenitic alloys shall be done with
paints or inks which contain non–metallic pigment and halogen free.
PAGE 40 OF 70
(4) The Purchase Order number and vessel number shall be prominently marked on the side of
the vessel as shipped with white paint in block letter at least 300 mm (12”) high. The same
applies to the vessel empty weight, which shall also be painted on the surface of the vessel.
(5) Vessels which have been post weld heat treated shall be prominently marked on two sides
of the vessel with white paint in block letters at least 300 mm (12”) high as follows:
“PWHT – Do Not Burn or Weld”
(6) All vessels with nonmetallic linings shall be prominently marked on two sides of the vessel
with white paint in block letters at least 300 mm (12”) high as follows:
“Lined Vessel – Do Not Burn or Weld”
(7) Before shipping painting shall be completed as required by the requisition
(8) Erection marking shall be done in accordance with 3006-5000-DM115105

/S-000-1351-0005P, “General Specification for Marking Procedure” and Manufacturer shall
indicate those marking instructions on the submitted drawings.
13 PREPARATION FOR SHIPMENT
(1) After final hydrostatic test, vessels shall be dried and cleaned thoroughly inside and outside
to remove grease, loose scale, rust and dirt.
(2) All flange faces and other machined surfaces shall be coated with a readily removable rust
preventative coating and properly protected against damage during shipment.
(3) All flanged openings which are not provided with covers, shall be protected by suitable steel
plates.
(4) The vessel internals not installed in the vessel by the Manufacturer shall be crated, boxed
and loaded to protect all parts from damage or loss in transit and shall be shipped so they
arrive at the erection site prior to or with vessel. All internals shall be properly identified in
accordance with the packing list.
(5) Gaskets and bolting shall be supplied and boxed separately for each vessel and properly
identified for field installation by others.
PAGE 41 OF 70
(6) One spare gasket shall be supplied for each connection for which temporary cover plates
are furnished.
(7) Suitable temporary supports, marked and tagged for removal after vessel installation, shall
be provided for internal parts not separately shipped to prevent damage during shipment.
Color such as yellow to be identified for this temporary support shall be removed after vesel
installation.
(8) Austenitic stainless steel used in vessels shall not be exposed to wetting by salt water or salt
spray. The Owner’s Representative shall approve protective coating or covering used to
prevent such exposure. Manufacturer shall provide N2 seal with a pressure gauge and the
protection cover for austentic stainless steel and alloy protected clad / lining.
(9) The Manufacture shall blast clean to near white per SSPC-SP10 the outside of vessel,
nozzle necks, inside and outside of support skirt and prime one coat of lnorganic Zinc Primer
Rustban 191 to a minimum dry film thickness of 75 μm. Do not permit Zinc paint to contact
Stainless Steel surface.
(10) For internal protection of steam drums, after thoroughly drying, desiccant bags shall be
provided. The desiccant shall be activated alumina or silica gel. All bags shall be secured to
prevent shifting during shipment. A warning notice to remove the desiccant before placing
the unit in operation shall be placed on each manhole cover. After placement of desiccant,
all connections and openings shall be covered with tight fitting sheet metal enclosures and
all openings shall be carefully sealed with an adhesive backed waterproof cloth tape.
Sealing shall be adequate to prevent air from entering the unit during the shipment and
storage.
(11) Small parts, which are to be shipped loose, shall be bagged or boxed and marked with the
order and item number of the vessel.
(12) Vessel manufacturer shall take all necessary precautions in loading by blocking and bracing
the vessel and furnishing all necessary material to prevent damages.
14 FINAL DOCUMENTATION PACKAGE
(1) Final documentation for each vessel shall be compiled in a package called “Mechanical
Data Book”. Documents to be included in the book shall be divided in to parts and include
documents as follows:
Part I – Mechanical Data
A. General
PAGE 42 OF 70
(a) Table of Content of Mechanical Data Books

(b) Procurement Data – shall include list of suppliers and major sub-manufacturers with
name, address (e-mail and telephone numbers)
(c) Drawings
(d) Sketch locating all Girth Seams (for large diameter vessels only when requested by the
Owner/Owner’s Representative)
(e) General Arrangement – Outline Drawings
(f) Detail of Nozzles
(g) Detail of Supports
(h) Welding Details
(i) Details of Internals
(j) Details of External Attachments
(k) Detail of Lifting Attachments
(l) Owner/Owner’s Representative Requisition Drawings – showing vessel operating and
design data, materials of construction, outline dimensions, nozzles, type of supports, etc.
Notes:
i) All drawings shall be stamped “Certified As Built”
ii) “UDS” shall be certified (stamped) by Professional Engineer registered in USA
or Canada.
B. Calculations
(a) ASME Code for Design Pressure
(b) Wind and Earthquake Design
(c) Maximum Allowable Working Pressure
(d) Stress in Horizontal Vessels per Zick and Design of Support Saddles
(e) Design of Supports for Vertical Vessels: Skirt, Legs or Lugs (as applicable)
(f) Checking Shell and Nozzles for External Load from Attached Piping
(g) Stress in Vertical Vessel during Shop Hydrotest
(h) Stress in Vessel During Transportation
(i) Stress in Vessel During Erection
(j) Design of Lifting / Tailing Attachment
Note:
Documents (g), (h), (i) and (j) above shall be furnished for large diameter or
critical vessels only, when requested by the Purchaser.
Part II – Manufacturer Fabrication Dossier

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A. Welding and Post Weld Heat Treatment (PWHT)

(a) Welding Procedure Specification (WPS)
(b) Welding Procedure Qualifications Records (PQR)
(c) Weld Repair Procedures and Records
(d) Post Weld Heat Treatment (PWHT) Procedure
(e) PWHT Charts
(f) Painting / Coating Procedure
B. Welding and Post Weld Heat Treatment (PWHT)

(a) Nondestructive Examination (NDE) and Testing
i) Nondestructive Examination Procedures and Results
ii) Radiographic (RT)
iii) Ultrasonic (UT)
iv) Magnetic Particle (MT)
v) Dye Penetrant (PT)
vi) Visual
(b) Procedures and Certificates of Additional Tests
i) Refractory
ii) Chemical Analysis
iii) Hardness Test
iv) Impact Test
v) Refractory Dry Out
(c) PMI Procedures and Reports
(d) Shop Hydrotest Procedures, Charts and Certificates
(e) Quality Control Plan – This document describes in details scope of inspection and tests
for each weld joints and entire vessel. It lists all operations conducted by manufacturer
with reference procedures and acceptance criteria, records, witness, and inspection and
hold points.
C. Miscellaneous Documents and Reports
(a) Data Reports on U-1 Forms
(b) All Mill Test Reports
(c) Nameplate Rubbing
(d) Final Inspection Report
PAGE 44 OF 70
(e) Results of Test on Production Test Specimens (for critical vessels if requested by the
Purchaser)
Part III – Vessel Internals

This part is applicable to vessels with trays or packing.
(2) Two or more vessels may be included in one “Mechanical Data Book” provided they are
located in the same unit or parallel train of units and they are the same type.
Examples:
Reactors: D-7623 & D-7643 in Unit 76, Train 1 & Train 2 respectively
Columns: D-7920 & D-7940 in Unit 79, Train 1 & Train 2 respectively
Documents which are common to various vessels shall be included in the front of the volume
(or separate volume ) in a section identified as “Common Documents”. This section or volume
shall have a list (index) of the document included and identify items for which these documents
are applicable.
(3) Prior to the preparation and submittal of the “Mechanical Data Book” for the Purchaser
Approval, the manufacturer shall provide a detailed “Table of Contents” for each of the
volumes for Purchaser comments to ensure compliance with the Purchaser requirements
stated in this document.
(4) Manufacturer’s submittal of the “Mechanical Data Book” shall be in strict compliance with
the agreed “Table of Contents” and Purchaser’s requirements. Any deviation from these
requirements are not acceptable and the final documents may be returned by the
Owner/Owner’s Representative, at his discretion, for resubmittal by the manufacturer to
comply with the requirements stated in this document.
(5) Format and quantity required by Owner’s Representative (to be confirmed by CONFEED)
Documents in the “Mechanical Data Book” shall be of format and sizes as specified, they
shall be compiled in three-post binders (max 75 mm thick).
(a) Two (2) copies of “Table of Contents” for review

(b) Two (2) copies of “Mechanical Data Book” for review
(c) Original plus three (3) copies of “Mechanical Data Book” approved final
(d) Two (2) electronic copies, preferably on CD Rom in the order which they are assembled
in data books.
PAGE 45 OF 70
15 GUARANTEE
(1) Manufacturer shall guarantee that the vessel fulfills all conditions as stated in this
Specification and that it is free from fault in design, workmanship and material.
(2) In case of design or fabrication defects arise during the first year of operation, the
Manufacturer agrees to make all necessary alterations, repairs and replacements free of
charge to Owner.
PAGE 46 OF 70
APPENDIX I CARBON STEEL FOR MODERATE SOUR SERVICE
1. GENERAL
All material shall be in accordance with the materials property and heat treatment requirements of
NACE MR0103 as supplemented or modified by this Appendix.
2. Base material plates
2.1 General
The plate to be used for the fabrication of the equipment shall comply with the basic requirements of
the ASME Section II, Part A & Part D specification SA-516/SA-515 (grade to be defied in
Engineering Drawings or Mechanical Data Sheets) and SA-20 supplemented by the following
additional requirements.
2.2 Material Requirements

The following requirements shall be followed;
(1) Ni content less than 1%,
(2) Carbon content shall be 0.20% maximum,
(3) Typical limitation of Carbon Equivalent (Ceq) are the following:
▫ Ceq lower than 0.42% for thicknesses below 50mm (2”)
▫ Ceq lower than 0.45% for thicknesses above or equal to 50mm (2”)
With Ceq = C + Mn/6 + (Cr + Mo + V)/5 + (Ni + Cu)/15
These Ceq values are indicative and may be re-considered if needed regarding the used steel grade.
In that case, new proposed values should be submitted to Owner’s Representative for approval.
2.3 Possible designation Example

Possible designation example with supplemental limitation for plate, piping and flanges for
“Moderate Sour Service” are as follows;
(1) Application to Plates and Welded pipes ex) SA-516 Gr. 60
▫ Maximum allowable Phosphorus content 0.020%

PAGE 47 OF 70
▫ Maximum allowable Sulfur content 0.015%

Note: In case of Low Temperature applications under Sour Service, dedicated Carbon Steel grades
for Plates parts shall fulfill the same requirements as defined here-above.
(2) Application to Process seamless Piping and accessories ex) SA-106 Gr. B

for piping parts shall fulfill the same requirements as defined here-above.
(3) Application to Flanges and accessories ex) SA-105, SA-266 Class. 2 and SA-216 WCB

for Flanges and accessories shall fulfill the same requirements as defined here-above.
2.4 Steel Making Process
(1) Carbon steel must be Fully Killed Carbon Steel type,
(2) Plate material (including starting plates for welded pipes and fittings) shall be supplied in Normalized
condition, regardless of thickness,
3. PWHT REQUIREMENT
(1) Thermal Stress Relieving required for all welds (PWHT), even if it is not required by Code,
(2) Thermal Stress Relieving required for cold bend zones producing outer fiber deformation greater
than 5%, even if it is not required by Code,
(3) All welding will be completed before final PWHT.
(4) PWHT shall be performed at 1175 ± 25 °F (635 ± 14 °C)

PAGE 48 OF 70
4. HARDNESS LIMITATION
Hardness of base metal, weld deposit and heat affected zone (HAZ) for production welds and
Welding Procedure Qualification (WPQT) shall be limited as follows:
Production Welds Welding Procedure Qualification
Base metal 200 HBW 200 HBW
Weld Deposit 200 HBW 200 HBW
HAZ No limitation 200 HBW
For production welds, hardness of the base metal shall be below 22HRC and hardness of the weld
deposit shall be lower than 200HBW.
(1) For Welding Procedure Qualification, weld deposit shall be lower than 200 HBW and hardness of the
heat affected zone shall be lower than 200 HBW.
5. NON DESTRUCTIVE EXAMINATION (NDE)
(1) All plates shall be 100% ultrasonically examined (UT) per ASME SA-578 with acceptance standard
level II or tighter.
(2) All internal welds surface and 50mm on plate of either side of the welds shall be 100% wet fluore-
scent magnetic particle inspected (WFMT). Inspection shall be prior to and after final PWHT. All
relevant linear indications (as defined by ASME Code Section VIII, Division 2, para.7.5.6) shall be
removed, repaired and reinspected.
(3) All pressure butt welds (including nozzle necks to flanges) to be 100% radiographed (RT), all nozzle
to shell welds shall be 100% ultrasonically examined (UT).
PAGE 49 OF 70
APPENDIX II CARBON STEEL FOR SEVERE SOUR SERVICE (HIC RESISTANT STEEL)
1. GENERAL
All material shall be in accordance with the materials property and heat treatment requirements of
APPENDIX A, NACE MR0103 and IN-43 as supplemented or modified by this Appendix.
2. BASE MATERIAL PLATES
2.1 General
The plates to be used for the fabrication of the equipment shall comply with the basic requirements
of the ASME Section II, Part A & Part D specification SA-516/SA-515 (grade to be defined in
Engineering Drawings or Mechanical Data Sheets) and SA-20 supplemented by following additional
requirements:
2.2 Material Requirements

In addition to the general specification relative to "wet H2S resistant steels”, when ”HIC resistant
steel” is specified, the following requirements shall also be met:
(1) Carbon steel made by vacuum degassing process
(2) It is required to pass the NACE standard TM0284 (Evaluation of Pipeline and Pressure Vessels Stee-
ls for Resistance to Hydrogen-Induced Cracking) by using the acidified test solution A specified in
NACE standard TM0177 (Laboratory Testing of Metals for Resistance to Sulfide Stress Cracking and
Stress Corrosion Cracking in H2S environments) with:
Crack Length Ratio (CLR) lower than or equal 5 %
(3) Mill test reports shall include the values for the crack length ratio (CLR), crack sensitivity ratio (CSR)
and crack thickness ratio (CTR) as defined in NACE standard TM0284 and also carbon equivalent
(CE).
(4) Homogeneous, constant HIC resistance can be obtained if the entire plate production is consistently
adapted to meet HIC resistance requirements. If not, the steels will not be considered as HIC
resistant steels.
PAGE 50 OF 70
2.3 Possible Designation Example

Possible designation example with supplemental limitation for plate, and flanges for “HIC resistant
steel” are as follows;
(1) Application to Plates and Welded pipes ex) SA-516 Gr.60
(a) Maximum allowable Phosphorus content 0.010% (target being 0.008%)
(b) Maximum allowable Sulfur content 0.002% (0.007% if inclusion shape controlled by calcium
treatment)
(c) Oxygen content less than 0.0025% (target being 0.002%)
(d) Calcium treatment, if any, shall be Ca/S ratio greater than 1.2
(e) Welded pipes, if any, shall fulfill the same requirements as for plate material
for Flange and Accessories shall fulfill the same requirements as defined here-above.
(2) Application to Flanges and accessories ex) ASME SA-105 for forging, ASME SA-266-2 for
forging
(a) Maximum allowable Phosphorus content 0.025%
(b) Maximum allowable Sulfur content 0.020%

for Plates parts shall fulfill the same requirements as defined here-above.
(3) Application to Process Piping and accessories
(a) Basically, specification dedicated to the HIC resistant steels is not to be applied on process
pipes provided that these latter are seamless type,
(b) It is Owner’s viewpoint to consider seamless piping as intrinsically immune against Hydrogen
Induced Cracking phenomenon; only “wet H2S resistant” steel specification shall then be
applied,
(c) However, welded pipe, if any, shall fulfill the same requirements as for plate material.
for piping parts shall fulfill the same requirements as defined in the specification for piping “Wet H2S
resistant”.
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3. ALTERNATIVE DESIGN
The use of a standard carbon steel grade with SS cladding can be an alternative to “HIC resistant
steels” specification especially for thick-wall vessels like cold HP separator since it should involve
only a small cost premium over “HIC resistant steel” construction (the procurement could even be
sometimes more easy). The resulting protection against corrosion would be enhanced provided
that SS solution would not lead to other kind of corrosion or deterioration, and final decision for
material selections are subjected for Owner’s approval prior to issue of Purchase Order.
PAGE 52 OF 70
APPENDIX III ALLOY PROTECTIVE CLADDING / LINING
1. General
(1) This Appendix covers the additional requirements for design, fabrication, inspection and testing of
pressure vessels constructed of material with corrosion resistant integral cladding or weld metal
overlay lining.
(2) This Appendix supplements the basic requirements given in general specification for pressure
vessels.
2. MATERIALS
2.1 Clad Plate
(1) Integral clad plate bonded by rolling or explosion method shall be homogeneously made to have a
material quality and a thickness as specified. The clad plate to be used for pressure vessel shall meet
one of the following standard specifications or equivalent.
(a) ASME SA-263 “Corrosion - Resisting Chromium Steel - clad Plate, Sheet, and Strip”
(b) ASME SA-264 “Stainless Chromium - Nickel Steel Clad Plate, Sheet, and Strip”
(c) ASME SA-265 “Nickel - Base Alloy Clad Steel Plate”
(d) ASME B-432 “Copper and Copper Alloy Clad Steel Plate”
(2) The integral clad plate bonded by explosion method shall not be used for hydrogen service vessels
operating at elevated temperature and high pressure. However, its use for removable parts such as
manhole covers and tube sheets may be permitted.
2.2 Weld Overlay Lining
(1) Weld metal overlay lining shall be mainly used for hydrogen service vessels as mentioned item (2) of
the above para. 2.1.
(2) When the hydrogen service vessel is to be operated under extremely high pressure and high tempe-
rature condition such as in “Hydrocracking Process” and “Hydro-Desulfurization Process”, the weld
metal overlay lining shall be adopted for all inside surface of the vessel.
PAGE 53 OF 70
(3) Strip lining is not allowed.
3. DESIGN
3.1 Thickness
(1) No corrosion allowance shall be added to the base plate.
(2) Thickness of cladding material which is made from integral cladding of weld metal overlay cladding
shall not be included in design calculation of wall thickness.
(3) Thickness of cut back at the base metal joints shall be added to the required thickness of cladding for
corrosion resistance.
3.2 Weld Joint
Cut back at the weld joint shall be taken for the welding of integrally clad plate, as shown in Fig. 1.
Integrally clad plate or

Weld metal overlay
Clad shall be
Min. 5 mm Completely Removed
Base Metal
Fig. 1 Detail of Weld Joint
3.3 Nozzles and Manholes
(1) Sleeve shall not be used unless otherwise approved by Owner’s Representative.
(2) If it is approved by Owner, solid nozzle instead of integral cladding or weld metal overlay lining is
acceptable for small nozzles.
(3) Minimum nozzle size for integral cladding or weld metal overlay lining is 2”.
PAGE 54 OF 70
(4) Flange facings and neck connection weld of shell to nozzles and manholes shall be lined with weld
metal overlay lining as shown in Fig. 2.
(5) Where the ring joint type facing is used, corner radius of the ring joint groove of flange facing shall be
made as large as possible, and the final layer of the weld metal overlay of the groove shall be made
after the final postweld heat treatment, as shown in Fig. 3.
(6) The final pass of the weld overlay shall be applied in the inside corner areas of the nozzles after
PWHT.
3.4 Internal Attachment
For the vessels overlaid, the solid stainless steel internal parts shall be full penetration welded to the
stainless steel weld overlay after final PWHT and this welding shall be made before final UT
PAGE 55 OF 70
Weld metal
Integrally clad
overlay
Weld metal
(TYP.)
overlay
5
Integrally clad
plate
(TYP.)
5
Integrally clad Integrally clad

5
plate (TYP.) Weld metal deposit plate
Weld metal
Weld metal overlay
overlay
Weld metal
overlay
Weld metal
overlay
Weld metal overlay
Manhole and Large Dia. Nozzle
Weld metal
overlay
Weld metal overlay

or Integrally clad
Weld metal
overlay
Nozzle
PAGE 56 OF 70
Fig. 2 Typical Detail of Lined Nozzles and Manholes
OVERLAY AFTER PWHT
R
R
Fig. 3 Ring Type Joint of Nozzle
4. FABRICATION
4.1 General
Except for machined surfaces, base metals overlay welded shall be prepared by sand or grit blasting
over the entire surface to be overlaid, supplemented by grinding as necessary to remove flaws and
contamination which might prevent proper fusion of the overlay with the base metal.
4.2 Welding Electrodes

Welding electrodes for cladding materials shall be used as shown in Table 1.
Table 1 Welding Electrodes for Cladding Materials

ASME/ AWS - Welding Electrode Specifications *1)
ASTM Cladding Material
Weld to Base Metal Weld with Cladding Metal
SPEC
430Cb, E309 or 410Cb, E309 or
SA-263 Type 405 or 410S
ENiCrFe-3 *2) ENiCrFe-3 *2)
Type 304 (L) E309 E308 (L)
SA-264 Type 316 (L) E309 Mo E316 (L)
Type 321 or 347 E309 E347
SA-265 UNS N04400 (Monel) ENiCu-7 ENiCu-7
UNS C70600 (90Cu-10Ni)
B-432 ENiCu-7 or ENi-1 ENiCu-7 or ECuNi *3)
UNS C71500 (70Cu-30Ni)
Note *1) The equivalent grade of AWS specification may be used
*2) Selection of electrodes shall be consulted by Material Engineering Group of Owner’s

Representative.
PAGE 57 OF 70
*3) AWS Classification ECuNi is 70Cu-30Ni, and there is no classification of 90Cu-10Ni

electrode which may be used for C70600.
4.3 Application of weld overlay

The weld overlay shall be applied circumferentially to the vessel and shall be relatively smooth with no
notches and undercuts that would act as stress concentrators. Flaws on the surface of the base metal
that would interface with bonding of the overlay shall be removed by grinding.
4.4 The weld deposit overlay procedure shall be qualified on base metal of the same composition as the
vessel and thickness of one-half of the vessel thickness, or 2 inches, whichever is less.
4.5 Acceptable weld overlay procedures:

a. Shielded metal arc welding (SMAW)
b. Automatic inert gas tungsten arg welding (GTAW or TIG)
c. Automatic submerged arc welding (SAW)
d. Any combination of the above
e. Flux cored arc welding (FCAW) for manual weld overlay restoration only.
Other processes may be submitted to the user for approval during the bidding stages. The submittal
shall include experience and technical verifying suitability including disbondment data.
4.6 Weld overlay shall be provided as follows:

a. Single layer of type 347 SS is permissible for vessels with a design hydrogen partical pressure
of 1500 psig or less.
b. Multilayer of type 347 SS is required for vessels with a design hydrogen partical pressure
higher than 1500 psig.
c. Surface exposed to the process environment shall have a minimum of 0.125 inch thickness of
guaranteed chemistry for the materials specified.
d. Multilayer overlay shall have a minimum total thickness of 1/8 inch.
5. INSPECTION AND TESTING
Cladding shall be 3mm minimum undiluted thickness, or as specified in the Engineering Drawings or
Mechanical Data Sheets. A 20ksi (140 MPa) minimum bond shear strength per SA-264/265 is required.
PAGE 58 OF 70
The clad plate shall be ultrasonically (UT) examined in accordance with ASTM SA-578, supplementary
requirements S6 acceptance criteria.
5.2 Ultrasonic Examination
(1) Ultrasonic examination for clad vessel in general service shall be performed as follows :
(a) All cut edges, which have been made during fabrication, shall be examined in accordance with
ASME SA-578.
(b) All surfaces of integrally bonded clad plate after cold forming when the resulting extreme fiber
elongation is more than 5 % from as-rolled condition and all hot forming shall be examined to
detect gross lack of bonding.
(c) All overlay weld deposit including butt joint of clad plate shall be examined to detect gross lack of
fusion.
(d) Weld deposit overlay surface shall be 100% ultrasonic examined for disbonding from outside
after final heat trreatment. Suspected disbanded areas shall be recorded and re-examined by UT
(Ultrasonic) from the inside surface. Unacceptable disbanded areas shall be recorded, repaired,
and re-examined in accordance with approved procedures (ASTM A 578 S7).
(e) Ultrasonic examination within 2 inches weld overlay deposit after PWHT and pressure testing
where attachments have been welded directly to overlay.
(f) Ultrasonic examination 100% of cladding and overlay beneath attachements prior to PWHT.
Acceptance Level SA-578, S7.
5.3 Magnetic Particle Examination (MT)
(1) The method of MT is in accordance with Appendix 6 in ASME Sec. VIII Div. 2.
(2) Magnetic particle examination shall be done for all weld joints priot to overlay.
5.4 Liquid Penetrant Examination (PT)
(1) Liquid penetrant examination shall be performed at the following portions of weldments to check that
no cracks or other defects exist.
(a) All final weld metal overlay surfaces and final layer of groove welds for clad plate before and after
PWHT.
PAGE 59 OF 70
(b) All final welds of internal attachments on the weld metal overlay or clad metal.
(c) All final welds of butt welding and edge of clad plate after SAW welding and before strip weld
overlay as shown in Fig.4.
Fig. 4 Detail of Weld Joint
(d) When the overlay involves two passes (layers) and the procedure uses an intermediate heat
treatment with cooling to room temperature prior to applying second layer, each layer shall be
100% PT examined. Weld deposit overlay machined surfaces shall be 100% PT examined after
machining. Weld deposit overlay shall be spot PT examined (a minimum of 10% of the surface,
including no less than 1 square foot in each 10 square feet or fraction thereof) after shop
hydrostatic testing. Flange facings need not be included in the spot examinatiion after hydrotest.
(e) All cracks and fissures and circular defects grater than 1/16 inch diameter in weld deposit overlay
shall be removed. Repaired areas shall be 100% reinspected by liquid dye penetrate.
(f) Weld overlay deposits shall be 100% liquid penetrant exmined prior to and after PWHT.
(g) Liquid penetrant examination to weld deposit overlay after pressure testing.
(h) Liquid penetrant examination (100%) of machined weld deposit overlay after PWHT.
(i) Welds joining internal attachment to weld deposit overlay shall be 100% liquid penetrant
examined.
(2) The method of PT is in accordance with Appendix 8 in ASME Code Sec. VIII Div. 2.
PAGE 60 OF 70
5.5 Positive Material Identification (PMI)
(1) All alloy steel shall be examined by PMI in accordance with 3006-5000-DGB04103/S-000-1520
-0103P “Requirement of Positive Material Identification(PMI) for Purchased Equipment and
Materials.
(2) PMI shall be performed on production weld, and for each WPS.
5.6 Chemical Analysis
(1) Chemical analysis of weld metal overlay shall be performed by taking samples from the surface, to
assure that the chemical composition conforms to the requirements of the applicable material
specification in ASME Section II Part C.
(2) Such analysis need not be performed on those of monel metal and copper alloy.
(3) A chemical analysis shall be performed for each overlay welding procedure, and in accordance with
ASME Sect. IX.
(4) The chemical analysis shall be confirmed by PQR.
5.7 Ferrite Content

Ferrite content of all type 347 weld deposits shall be controlled to a WRC (Welding Research Council)
Ferrite Number (FN) of 3 minimum to 10 maximum. FN control of weld deposit(s) shall be by reference
to the Delong Constitution Diagram for stainless steel weld metals. Limit defined above shall be
confirmed by thoroughly checking final deposits prior to final Postweld Heat Treatment with a Magnetic
Instrument calibrated in accordance with the standard procedure defined in AWS A4.2 (American
Welding Society – latest edition). Two tests shall be conducted on each shell course, on each head, on
each strength weld, on each support ring and on each nozzle.
PAGE 61 OF 70
APPENDIX IV LOW ALLOYED STEELS FOR PRESSURE VESSELS
1. SCOPE
(1) These specifications are to be applied to the equipment fabricated with 1.25Cr-0.5Mo low alloyed
steel and 1.25Cr-0.5Mo low alloyed steel weld overlaid or cladded with austenitic stainless steel and
built in accordance with the ASME Code as applicable.
DESIGN CODE (AS REFERENCE)
ASME Section VIII, Div. 1 Pressure Vessels
ASME Section VIII, Div. 2 Pressure Vessels - Alternative rules
ASME Section II, Part A Ferrous Material Specifications
ASME Section II, Part D Properties
2. PRESSURE VESSELS MANUFACTURING
2.1 Base Material Plates
The plates to be used for the fabrication of the equipment shall comply with the basic requirements of
the ASME Sect. II, Part A & Part D specification SA-387 Gr. 11, Class 2 and SA-20 supplemented by
following additional requirements:
(1) Steel making process/heat treatment
(a) As generally specified for this kind of critical equipment, all plates should preferably be ordered
from steel made by the electric furnace and vacuum degassing process. Nevertheless, basic
oxygen furnace process with heated ladle refining and vacuum degassing may also be
considered as acceptable.
(b) All plates shall be thermally treated either by annealing, normalizing-and-tempering, or, when
permitted by the Owner’s Representative, accelerated cooling from the austenitizing temperature
by air blasting or liquid quenching, followed by tempering,
(c) Heat treatments holding time shall be sufficient to obtain an uniform temperature throughout the
plate.
(d) The tempering temperature shall be adapted so as to give the required mechanical properties
PAGE 62 OF 70
after post-weld heat treatment. It shall consequently be noted that, depending on cases, the
Minimum temperature of Tempering may sometimes be higher than the one defined for the final
Post-Weld Heat Treatment of the equipment.
(2) Chemical analysis
The chemical analysis of the present steel grade shall be in conformity with ASME specification
SA-387 requirements with the following restrictions:
(a) The expected level of the main impurities shall be as follows (by Heat Analysis):
Acceptable limitations Owner’s Preferences

C 0.15% max
P 0.010% max (target 0.008%)
S 0.005% max (target 0.002%)
O2 30ppm max 20ppm max (target 15ppm)
(*) H2 3ppm max 2ppm max
P+Sn 0.015% max (target 0.012%)
(*) Manufacture shall be able to propose such guaranty for thickest plates (i.e. greater
than 150 mm).
(b) While the other indications here below, given for information, are corresponding to the typical
chemical compositions which should also be met for such kind of application (by Heat
Analysis):
Typical limitations
Ni 0.25% max
Cu 0.15% max
Si 0.65% max
Al 0.04% max
V 0.010% max
Sn 0.010% max
As 0.012% max
Sb 0.004% max
N2 80 ppm max
Nb 0.010% max
Ti 0.01% max
PAGE 63 OF 70
Even if the risk of Temper Embrittlement is normally much more moderate for this grade than for
higher alloyed steels, the "J" factor shall verify the relation hereafter:
J lower than 180 (target 150)

4
with J = (Si + Mn) x (P + Sn) x 10
All elements mentioned here-above, specified in weight % have to be checked on ladle and on
product.
Note: This criterion and also the specified impurities level shall uniformly be guaranteed for the whole
vessel, including the shell, heads and all other plates made pressure retaining parts as well (e.g.
nozzle parts, elbows, etc.).
(3) Mechanical properties
(a) Test Specimens
▫ As per code requirements SA-20 / SA-370 unless otherwise specified by the project
▫ The Impact Tests shall be carried out after heat treatments simulating those anticipated along the
fabrication that is post-forming heat treatment and intermediate HT, if any, and also final PWHT
▫ The Mechanical Tests shall be carried out after heat treatments simulating those anticipated along
the fabrication that is post-forming heat treatment, intermediate HT, if any, and final PWHT plus
additional heat treatments to anticipate potential repair (number to be defined by Owner’s
Representative/Owner).
(b) Tensile properties
▫ Tensile tests shall be carried out at room temperature (Tensile tests at design temperature may
eventually be requested for information.)
▫ Room temperature tensile properties shall meet the requirements of the material standard.
▫ Yield strength at design temperature shall meet the value taken into account in calculation notes
(Ultimate Tensile Strength will be given for information).
Note: For Creep range calculation, Yield and Ultimate Strength may be given for information at the
Owner’s Representative discretion.
(c) Impact test properties
▫ Charpy V-notch impact testing is required for all pressure retaining components, welds and heat
PAGE 64 OF 70
affected zone.
▫ The average of three impact test values at testing temperature shall not be less than 40ft.lb (55J)
without individual value below 35ft.lb (47J).
▫ Testing temperature shall be the lower of the Minimum Design Metal Temperature (MDMT) and
(0 °F (-18°C)).
(d) Hardness properties
The material hardness shall not exceed 220 HB.
(e) Responsibility for Base material Tests
Mechanical tests may be performed by the base material’s Manufacturer or the pressure vessel
Manufacturer. The Mechanical Tests shall allow ensuring that the minimum mechanical properties
required will be met after all anticipated heat treatments of the pressure vessel during and after
fabrication.
2.2 Base Material Forging
(1) Steel making process/heat treatment
Forging including those used for shell, heads and nozzles, shall conform to all requirements of
ASME specification SA-336 F11, Class 2 and the additional requirements given for plates defined in
corresponding paragraph here before.
Forges for which weight does not exceed 4540 kg (10000lb) may also be supplied per ASME
specification SA-182 F11, Class 2.
As generally specified for this kind of critical equipment, all forges should be ordered from steel made
by the electric furnace and vacuum degassing process. Nevertheless; basic oxygen furnace process
with heated ladle refining and vacuum degassing may also be considered as acceptable.
Note: The Forges used for shell parts will preferably be made from hollow ingots.
(2) Chemical analysis
In addition to the requirements of ASME specifications SA-336 or SA-182, the specific restrictions
listed for Plates shall be fully applied.
PAGE 65 OF 70
(3) Mechanical properties
All impact testing requirements given for Plates are applicable for Forging.
3. WELDING
3.1 General
The vessel Manufacturer shall not subcontract fabrication involving welding to others without the
written approval of the Owner’s Representative.
The plate, or forge edge preparation for welding as well as the nozzle openings will be carried out by
machining. Flame cutting may sometimes be allowed by the Owner’s Representative provided the heat
affected zone is completely removed by machining or grinding (ex: Nozzles openings in shell or head).
3.2 Welding Processes
Welding processes are:
▫ SAW: Submerged Arc Welding

The Manufacturer and brand name or grade of all welding consumables shall be specified in the
welding procedure and submitted to the Owner’s Representative for approval.
▫ SMAW: Shielded Manual Arc Welding
Only low hydrogen electrodes shall be used (refer to ASME II Part C SFA 5.5). Dedicated
procedure for electrodes drying/conditioning shall be submitted to Owner’s Representative for
approval.
▫ GTAW : Gas Tungsten Arc Welding
Remark:
▫ GMAW: Gas Metal Arc Welding may be used for welds non pressure parts.
Note: All the pressure retaining welds in hydrogen service, including the internals welded on pressure
parts, have to be full penetration type. If this is not possible, there will be a vent drill-hole of the not
welded area. External attachments are not concerned
3.3 Welding Consumables Chemical Analysis
The deposited weld metal shall match with the nominal chemical composition of the base material and
the mechanical properties of the deposited weld metal shall meet those of the base material.
PAGE 66 OF 70
Material Certificates shall be delivered for each batch, lot, diameter of covered electrodes, wire/flux
combination to be used for fabrication.
Furthermore the high purity level of the steel shall be such that P, Sn, Sb and As be as low as possible
to meet BRUSCATO parameter in the weld deposit X:
X lower than 20 ppm (target 15 ppm)

with X = (10P+ 4Sn+5Sb+As) / 100
(All chemical elements specified by ppm)
Note: Owner’s Representative may require for some PMI (Positive Material Identification) to be applied
on deposited metal in the aim at checking the steel grade conformity.
4. CLADDING OR WELD OVERLAY
4.1 Cladding
High-Alloy clad materials shall be in accordance with the ASME Section II, Part A, specification SA-264
for Chromium-Nickel Steels.
Cladding shall be 3mm (1/8”) minimum thickness SA-240 or as specified in the Engineering Drawings
or Mechanical Data Sheets. A 20ksi (140MPa) minimum shear strength per SA-264 is required. The
clad plate shall be ultrasonically examined in accordance with SA-578 supplementary requirements S7
using Level 1 acceptance criteria.
4.2 Weld Overlay
Generally speaking (when clad is specified as SS 321 or SS 347, or overlay is specified as SS 347, on
Engineering Drawings or Mechanical Data Sheets), the weld overlay is applied using a two-layers
technique as follows:
▫ First layer: 309L SS
▫ Second layer: 347 SS (type SS321 shall not be permitted)
▫ Minimum effective thickness of undiluted alloy (after final machining if any) shall be those required
on Engineering Drawings or Mechanical Data Sheets.
However, single layer weld deposit overlay (type 309LNb as typical) may be used provided the
manufacturer can demonstrate to the Owner’s Representative the use of a qualified and acceptable
procedure.
PAGE 67 OF 70
Note 1: When clad is specified as SS 316Ti or overlay is specified as SS 318 on Engineering Drawings
or Mechanical Data Sheets, the weld overlay is applied using a two-layers technique as follow:
▫ First layer: 309LMo SS
▫ Second layer: 318 SS (309LMoNb as typical for single layer)
When clad is specified as SS 317L or overlay is specified as SS 317L on Engineering Drawings or

Mechanical Data Sheets, the weld overlay is applied using a two-layers technique as follow:
▫ First layer: 309LMo SS
▫ Second layer: 317L (Single layer not allowed)
Note 2: The number of weld layers in production shall not be less than the number of layers deposited
for weld overlay procedure qualification tests.
When required by the Owner, a method to evaluate the weld overlay for susceptibility to hydrogen
disbonding shall be agreed between the manufacturer and owner. In such a case, the Owner shall
define testing requirements and acceptance criteria. An example of a standard disbonding test may be
found in ASTM G 146.
Welding processes are the same than in para.3-2, using strips or wires for SAW process.
GMAW process is not allowed, except for structural attachments welding on overlay.
FCAW with gas shielding may also be used for some limited location such as overlay on Cr- Mo joint,
internal support rings, etc.
Both of GMAW and FCAW processes shall be authorized by the Owner’s Representative. As the same
manner, the use of Electroslag (ESW) process remains subject to Owner’s Representative’s
acceptance.
4.3 Ferrite Content
The ferrite content (FN) of the weld deposits will be less than 8, but more than 3 to prevent hot cracking.
Ferrite content is typically determined by the as-deposited chemical composition and the
WRC-diagram.
4.4 Nozzles and Manways
Nozzles and Manways (neck, flange, blind) in cladded vessels, or in cladded section of vessels, shall
PAGE 68 OF 70
be of the same base material as the vessel and internally cladded, or overlaid, with the same high alloy.
Loose lining, lap-joint flanges, welding of nozzle of different material than the vessel are not permitted.
The thickness of the cladding or overlay shall be at least equal to that of the cladding or overlay of the
vessel.
5. POST WELD HEAT TREATMENT (BY VESSEL MANUFACTURER)
5.1 The equipment shall receive PWHT as required by ASME and/or applicable Code Cases. The
equipment in H2 Service shall receive PWHT even if ASME and/or applicable Code does not require.
5.2 Unless otherwise specified by steel maker a typical recommended range of temperature could be
1211-1292 °F (655-700 °C) – Holding time by pressure vessel manufacturer according to wall
thickness and code and taking into account the anticipated number of heat treatment cycles.
Note : Vessel Manufacturer has the full responsibility of the mechanical behavior of the vessel. For this
reason, PWHT specification shall be optimized and defined by himself (in accordance with steel
Manufacturer) so as to guaranty, at one and the same time, mechanical and toughness characteristics
on the delivered equipment. The given typical temperature range may accordingly be reconsidered.
5.3 Intermediate Heat treatments definition is under vessel Manufacturer’s scope and shall be approved by
the Owner’s Representative.
5.4 All welding will be completed before final PWHT excepted where special care has been taken to avoid
necessity of PWHT (buttering with high alloy deposits).
Note: Local PWHT shall not be permitted. In case of any furnace size limitation, vessel Manufacturer
shall obtain specific derogation from the Owner’s Representative to perform local PWHT at the closing
seam of shell.
6. NON DESTRUCTIVE TESTING BY MANUFACTURER
6.1 For vessels designed and constructed in accordance with the rules of ASME Section VIII, Div.1,
Inspection Plan and Testing Plan shall be submitted to Owner’s Representative for approval.
6.2 For vessels designed and constructed in accordance with the rules of ASME Section VIII, Div.2, non
destructive examination (NDE) as a minimum shall comply with the Table7.2.
PAGE 69 OF 70
6.3 Minimum requirements for NDE should typically include the following nondestructive tests :
▫ Radiographic examination (RT) on all pressure welds (prior to PWHT only, provided that UT is
made before and after PWHT),
▫ RT is not so effective after PWHT for detecting potential cracks. RT is sensitive for volumetric flaw
such as slugs inclusion but not sensitive for shape cracks which could appear during PWHT.
Nevertheless, the final decision, relative to RT examination sequences, belongs to the Owner’s
Representative.
▫ Ultrasonic examination (UT) for all pressure welds (prior/after PWHT and after hydrotest),
▫ Positive Material Identification (PMI) on all alloyed material if any (cladding, overlay, etc.),
▫ Mill test report shall be supplied for all materials,
▫ Magnetic Particles Examination (MT) after PWHT,
▫ Dye penetrant examination (PT) of all weld overlay surfaces after PWHT,
▫ Hardness measurement.
▫ In case of cladding and/or weld overlay, Ferrite checking (magnetic ferriscope) in addition to ferrite
evaluation based upon sampling and chemical analysis. Acceptance criteria of ferrite content by
magnetic ferriscope shall be 3% to 10%. Magnetic instrument shall be calibrated and certified per
AWS A4-2.
7. VESSEL AGEING SURVEY
In the aim at being able to evaluate the Vessel Ageing after long term operations, it is recommended to
install some dedicated coupons into the equipment to be operated above 663 °F (350 °C). These
coupons, made from same plate as the one used for the vessel itself, shall be thought in term of design
to be similar with the shell wall behavior.
Moreover, they have to be properly localized into the process main stream so as to be submitted to
(Representative) operating conditions as the pressure retaining parts will. Unless otherwise specified
by Owner or the Engineering Drawings, the design and positioning of the coupons will be proposed by
the Vessel Manufacturer.
PAGE 70 OF 70
APPENDIX V STANDARD MATERIAL SELECTION GUIDE

General Specification For Pressure Vessel - CONFEED ASME DIV. 2

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General Specification For Pressure Vessel - CONFEED ASME DIV. 2

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REFINING MAJOR PROJECTS GENERAL MANAGEMENT

PROJECT: RPLC DEEP CONVERSION – PHASE II PDVSA DOC. No.

CONFEED PDVSA PDVSA

For Approval / Incorporating PDVSA

CONFEED PDVSA CHECKED BY PDVSA APPROVED BY

PREPARED BY: Akinori Sakurai

RPLC DEEP CONVERSION PROJECT

GENERAL SPECIFICATION FOR PRESSURE VESSELS

5.7 Corrosion Resistant Clad Pressure Vessels ................................................................................... 24

APPENDIX I CARBON STEEL FOR MODERATE SOUR SERVICE ................................................... 46

(2) This Specification

(3) ASME Boiler and pressure Vessel Code Section VIII

(4) Other codes and standards

3.1 Project Specification & Standard

3006-5000-DC116003/S-000-1310-0003P Seismic Design Criteria for Structures

3.2 PDVSA Specification

3.3 ASME (American Society of Mechanical Engineers)

3.4 ASME/ANSI (American National Standards Institute)

3.5 Process Industry Practices (PIP)

3.6 AMERICAN PETROLEUM INSTITUTE (API)

4.1.3 All vessels shall be designed to be freestanding.

4.2 Design Pressure & Design Temperature

4.3 MDMT & MAWP

4.4 Stress Evaluation

4.4.3 The following stress analysis shall be performed as minimum.

4.5 Corrosion Allowance

4.5.4 Clad / Weld Overlayed Equipment

4.6 Combinations of Loads

4.7 Wind Load Requirements

4.7.1 Wind loads requirements shall be per 3006-5000-DC116004/S-000-1310-0004P “Wind Load

4.8 Seismic Loads Requirements

4.9 Supports and External Attachments

4.9.3 Skirts shall be provided with openings for ventilation.

4.10 Vessel Drawings and Calculations

4.10.4 The Manufacturer shall also furnish:

(7) Hydraulic bolt tensioning shall be applied in the following cases:

4.11.13 Screwed piping shall not be used.

4.12 Inspection and Access Openings

4.12.2 Manholes shall be usable from a ladder, platform or grade

5.1.10 Carbon-1/2 Mo steel shall not be used.

5.1.19 Minimum Pressurized Temperature (MPT) shall be submitted.

5.2 Bolting and Gaskets

(2) As per NACE MR0103, the maximum hardness shall be 35 HRC.

(1) TP 304 / 316 / 321 / 347 – HB 160 max

(2) TP 304L / 316L – HB 150 max

(3) TP 410 SS – HB 170 max

5.3 Skirt for Stainless Steel or other High–Alloy Vessel

(1) > 50 ppmw dissolved H2S in the free water, or,

Production Welds Welding Procedure Qualification

Base metal 200 HBW (HOLD) 200 HBW

Weld Deposit 200 HBW 200 HBW

HAZ No limitation 200 HBW

5.7 Corrosion Resistant Clad Pressure Vessels

5.8 Low Alloyed Steels for Pressure Vessels

▫ 5mm + CA or 6mm for Vessels ID = 610 to 2100 mm

▫ 7mm + CA or 10mm for Vessels ID = 2110 to 3600 mm

▫ 8mm + CA or 11mm for Vessels ID = 3610mm and over

lifting lugs or trunnions and vertical vessels with tailing lugs.

6.1.9 Ladder and platform lugs shall be shop–welded to the vessel.

6.2.5 Vessels shall be welded by fusion arc process.

(1) Common Requirement

(2) Conditions and requirements of FCAW Application (regardless of material production

Other Materials （Inconel, Duplex Stainless Steel, etc.） Δ