General Specification For Pressure Vessel - CONFEED

REFINING MAJOR PROJECTS GENERAL MANAGEMENT
PROJECT: RPLC DEEP CONVERSION – PHASE II PDVSA DOC. No.

SUBPROJECT: GENERAL 3006-5000-DM115101
UNIT: GENERAL (U-00) CONFEED DOC. No.
PHASE: DETAILED ENGINEERING S-000-1351-0001P
DISCIPLINE: MECHANICAL REV. A DATE: 31-Jan-11
TITLE: GENERAL SPECIFICATION FOR PRESSURE VESSELS
PAGE 1 OF 65
PDVSA PROJECT NO.: 3006; CONFEED JOB CODE: 0-5792-20-0000
CONFEED PDVSA PDVSA

ISSUE PURPOSE / DESCRIPTION OF TOTAL
REV. DATE PREP’D/CHK’D CHECKED APPROVED
CHANGE PAGES
/APR’D BY BY BY
For Approval / Incorporating PDVSA comment on

A 31-Jan-11 65 A.S./ D.S /D.S. S.S.
3006-5001-FM115101
CONFEED PDVSA CHECKED BY PDVSA APPROVED BY
PREPARED BY: Akinori Sakurai

CHECKED BY: Daisuke Shigematsu SIGNATURE SIGNATURE
APPROVED BY: Daisuke Shigematsu
NAME: NAME:Simon Sandoval
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RPLC DEEP CONVERSION PROJECT
GENERAL SPECIFICATION FOR PRESSURE VESSELS
UNIT 00
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Contents
1 GENERAL ....................................................................................................................................... 5
2 SCOPE ............................................................................................................................................ 5
3 REFERENCES................................................................................................................................. 5
3.1 Project Specification & Standard................................................................................................... 5
3.2 PDVSA Specification ...................................................................................................................... 6
3.3 ASME (American Society of Mechanical Engineers) .................................................................... 6
3.4 ASME/ANSI (American National Standards Institute) ................................................................... 7
3.5 Process Industry Practices (PIP)................................................................................................... 7
4 DESIGN........................................................................................................................................... 7
4.1 General ........................................................................................................................................... 7
4.2 Design Pressure & Design Temperature ....................................................................................... 8
4.3 MDMT & MAWP............................................................................................................................... 8
4.4 Stress Evaluation ........................................................................................................................... 9
4.5 Corrosion Allowance...................................................................................................................... 9
4.6 Combinations of Loads.................................................................................................................10
4.7 Wind Load Requirements..............................................................................................................10
4.8 Seismic Loads Requirements.......................................................................................................11
4.9 Supports and External Attachments.............................................................................................11
4.10Vessel Drawings and Calculations ...............................................................................................13
4.11Connections ..................................................................................................................................14
4.12Inspection and Access Openings.................................................................................................17
5 MATERIALS ...................................................................................................................................18
5.1 General ..........................................................................................................................................18
5.2 Bolting and Gaskets......................................................................................................................20
5.3 Skirt for Stainless Steel or other High–Alloy Vessel....................................................................22
5.4 Carbon steel for Moderate Sour Service (Wet H2S Resistant Steel)............................................22
5.5 Carbon steel for Severe Sour Service and Rich Amine Service (HIC Resistant Steel)...............22
5.6 Carbon steel for Lean Amine Service and Caustic Service .........................................................23
5.7 Corrosion Resistant Clad Pressure Vessels ................................................................................23
5.8 Low Alloyed Steels for Pressure Vessels.....................................................................................23
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6 FABRICATION ...............................................................................................................................24
6.1 General ..........................................................................................................................................24
6.2 Welding..........................................................................................................................................26
6.3 Internals.........................................................................................................................................30
7 INSPECTION ..................................................................................................................................31
7.1 General ..........................................................................................................................................31
7.2 Material Inspection........................................................................................................................31
7.3 Welding Inspection........................................................................................................................32
8 POSTWELD HEAT TREATMENT (PWHT) .....................................................................................34
9 HYDROSTATIC TEST ....................................................................................................................35
10 PNEUMATIC TEST.........................................................................................................................36
11 NAMEPLATE..................................................................................................................................36
12 PAINTING AND MARKING.............................................................................................................36
13 PREPARATION FOR SHIPMENT...................................................................................................37
14 FINAL DOCUMENTATION PACKAGE ...........................................................................................38
15 GUARANTEE .................................................................................................................................41
APPENDIX I CARBON STEEL FOR MODERATE SOUR SERVICE ................................................. 42
APPENDIX II CARBON STEEL FOR SEVERE SOUR SERVICE (HIC RESISTANT STEEL)............. 45
APPENDIX III ALLOY PROTECTIVE CLADDING / LINING............................................................. 48
APPENDIX IV LOW ALLOYED STEELS FOR PRESSURE VESSELS ........................................... 56
APPENDIX V STANDARD MATERIAL SELECTION GUIDE ......................................................... 65
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1 GENERAL
This specification reference to the selected alternatives permitted by the ASME Code Section VIII
and describes design and construction practices not covered by the Code, which are preferences of
Owner. The regulations of the Code are not quoted in this Specification.
2 SCOPE
This specification together with the Vessel Engineering Drawings, requisitions and purchase order /
inquiry, indicates the requirements to be met by the Manufacturer in the design, fabrication,
inspection, testing and supply of unfired pressure vessels.
All unfired pressure vessels shall be designed, fabricated, inspected, stamped and National Board
registered in accordance with the requirements of the latest edition of ASME Boiler and Pressure
Vessel Code, Section VIII, Division 1 and the respective Addenda, with the conditions expressively
indicated in this specification.
All deviations from this Specification, the purchase order, or the drawings shall have the written
approval of the Owner’s representative.
3 REFERENCES
The latest edition of following standards and PDVSA specifications shall form part of this
specification. In case of any conflict between Venezuelan laws, regulations and codes, and other
codes and standards, the order of prevalence shall be as follows:
(1) Purchase order including technical scope of work, Engineering Drawings and Mechanical Data
Sheets
(2) This specification
(3) ASME Boiler and pressure Vessel Code Section VIII
(4) Other codes and standards
3.1 Project Specification & Standard

3006-5000-DG140001/S-000-1222-0001P Basic Engineering Design Data
3006-5001-BP11601/S-000-1222-0021(LATER) Determination of Mechanical Design Conditions
3006-5001-FC11602/S-000-1310-0002(LATER) Seismic Design Response Spectrum
3006-5001-FC11603/S-000-1310-0003(LATER) Seismic Design Criteria for Structures
3006-5001-FC11604/S-000-1310-0004(LATER) Wind Load Calculation Procedure
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3006-5000-DM115103/S-000-1351-0003P General Specification for Nozzle Load

3006-5000-DM115107/S-000-1351-0004P General Specification for Anchor Bolts Jigs
3006-5000-DM115105/S-000-1351-0005P General Specification for Marking Procedure
3006-5001-FM2D4103/D-000-1351-0003(LATER) Standard Drawing for Davit
3006-5001-FM2D4104/D-000-1351-0004(LATER) Standard Drawing for Skirt and Base Plate
3006-5001-FM2D4105/D-000-1351-0005(LATER) Standard Drawing for Internal Ladder Rung and Grab
Rung
3006-5001-FM2D4106/D-000-1351-0006(LATER) Standard drawing for Internal Flange
3006-5001-FM2D4107/D-000-1351-0007(LATER) Standard Drawing for Saddle (8"-ID 750)
3006-5001-FM2D4108/D-000-1351-0008(LATER) Standard Drawing for Saddle (ID: 800-1200)
3006-5001-FM2D4112/D-000-1351-0012(LATER) Standard Drawing for Saddle (Heavy Load, ID:
1300-2600)
2800-4000)
4200-6000)
3006-5001-FM2D4117/D-000-1351-0017(LATER) Standard Drawing for Tolerance for Column and
Drum
3006-5001-FM2D4119/D-000-1351-0019(LATER) Standard Drawing for Insulation Supports for
Vessels-Hot Service
Vessels-Cold Service (HOLD)
Horizontal Vessels-Hot Service
3006-5001-FM2D4127/D-000-1351-0027(LATER) Standard Drawing for Nameplate
3006-5000-DM115896/S-000-1390-0001P General Specification for Hot Insulation
3006-5000-DM115891/S-000-13A0-0001P General Specification for Painting and Surface
Preparation
3006-5001-FGB0402/S-000-1530-0001(LATER) Positive Material Identification for Procurement
Phase
3.2 PDVSA Specification

0602.1.410 Slide plates for Horizontal Vessels
3.3 ASME (American Society of Mechanical Engineers)

Boiler & Pressure Vessel Code (Year/Addenda, according to each Requisition)
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Section II PartA&C Material Specifications

Section II Part D Properties
Section V Nondestructive Examination
Section VIII, Div. 1 Pressure Vessels
Section VIII, Div. 2 Pressure Vessels Alternative Rules
Section IX Welding and Brazing Qualifications
3.4 ASME/ANSI (American National Standards Institute)

B1.1 Unified Inch Screw Threads
B16.47 Large Diameter Steel Flanges NPS 26 Through 60
B 16.5 Pipe Flanges & Flanged Fittings NPS 1/2 Through 24
B 16.9 Factory–Made Wrought Steel Butt welding Fitting
B16.20 Metallic Gaskets for Pipe Flanges – Ring Joint, Spiral Wound and jacketed
B 16.21 Non metallic Flat Gasket for Pipe Flanges
B 16.25 Butt Welding Ends
3.5 Process Industry Practices (PIP)

VECV1001 Vessel Design Criteria – ASME Code Section VIII, Division 1 and 2 (February 2007)
4 DESIGN
4.1 General
4.1.1 The requirements of the ASME Pressure Vessel Code shall be considered as the minimum
requirements.
4.1.2 Pressure vessels shall be designed to withstand as a minimum the loading exerted by internal
pressure, weight of the vessel, weight of test water with test pressure, wind, earthquake, reaction of
supports and temperature. Manufacturer shall verify external loads on shell or heads (piping,
platforms, etc.)
4.1.3 All vessels shall be designed to be freestanding.

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4.1.4 The deflection at the top of vertical vessels due to wind pressure under normal operating conditions
shall be no more than 1/200 of the overall height of the vessel.
4.1.5 ASME 2:1 elliptical heads shall normally be specified. They shall be in one piece as much as
possible and they shall have integral straight flange of 50mm (2”) to 75mm (3”) in length.
Hemispherical heads shall be considered for catalyst containing vessels and high-pressure services
(Design pressure > 1100 psig (7.5 MPa) and thickness over 70mm (2 3/4”)).
4.1.6 For the welded head, all the seams in the head shall be 100% RT regardless the Code requirement.
4.1.7 Transition section and conical heads shall be toriconical with a half apex angle not greater than
30deg. Rounded knuckles shall be provided at both ends with radius larger of 10% of the inside
diameter of the adjacent cylinder or three times the thickness of the adjacent cylinder. These
requirements do not apply to kettle type heat exchanger.
4.1.8 Manufacturer shall verify strength of shells, skirts, lifting lugs or trunnions and tailing lugs during
lifting condition of vertical vessels using the following impact factors:
Vessel erection weight up to 440000 lbs (200 tons): 1.5
Vessel erection weight over 440000 lbs (200 tons): 1.25
4.1.9 Tray support rings shall not be either designed or considered as vessel stiffener rings for vacuum
condition.
4.2 Design Pressure & Design Temperature
4.2.1 Design pressure and Design temperature shall be in accordance with Engineering Drawings and/or
Mechanical Data Sheets and shall be in accordance with para.3 and para.4 of
3006-5000-DP116001/ S-000-1222-0021P “Determination of Mechanical Design Conditions”. If
Design Pressure exceeds 1100 psig (7.5 MPa) and/or shell thickness 70mm (2 3/4”) ASME Section
VIII, Division2 should be considered.
4.3 MDMT & MAWP
4.3.1 Minimum Design Metal Temperature (MDMT) for pressure equipment shall be determined by using
the rules of ASME Code Section VIII, Division 1, UG-20 (b).
4.3.2 The Maximum Allowable Working Pressure (MAWP) shall be calculated by manufacturer.
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4.4 Stress Evaluation
4.4.1 Localized shell stresses at all support–to–shell locations shall be evaluated and shall include
considerations, as applicable, of wind load, earthquake and all other loadings described in UG–22 of
ASME Code Section VIII, Division 1.
4.4.2 Manufacturer shall run stress analysis for process nozzles (except for manhole, handhole,
instrument nozzle and nozzle with blind flange), all pipe supports and platforms clips to be welded to
shell and heads. If needed, reinforcing pads shall be welded where allowed to use.
4.4.3 When reinforcing pads are used under supports, consideration should be given to stresses due to
possible temperature differentials between the vessels, pads and supports.
4.4.4 Owner reserves the right to inquiry Manufacturer Finite Element Analysis (FEM) for stress
concentration points.
4.5 Corrosion Allowance
4.5.1 Minimum corrosion allowance (CA) of 3 mm (1/8”) shall be considered for carbon steel in general for
non-corrosive environment as regular hydrocarbon.
4.5.2 In normal operation under Wet H2S Service, killed carbon steel shall have a CA of 6 mm (1/4”).
4.5.3 For other materials, minimum CA is 3 mm (1/8”) for low alloyed steels (up to 2.25 % Cr included), 1.5
mm (1/16”) for low alloyed steels (up to 9 % Cr included) and 0.8 mm (1/32”) for stainless steel. CA
of 1.5 mm (1/16”) for low alloyed steels (up to 9 % Cr) may be extended to 3 mm (1/8”) for critical
equipment, in accordance with Owner’s request.
4.5.4 Clad / Weld Overlayed Equipment

- The specified cladding thickness will be considered as CA.
- The specified minimum undiluted thickness (with guaranteed chemical composition) of weld
overlay will be considered as CA.
4.5.5 Removable parts of carbon steel and low alloyed steels (up to 9 % Cr) internals shall have a
minimum CA of one half of total vessel shell CA on each side in contact with the operating fluid.
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4.5.6 Fixed internals carbon steel and low alloyed steel (up to 9 % Cr) made shall have the full corrosion
allowance on each face.
4.5.7 In general, no corrosion allowance will be given for removable internals made of stainless steel
(13 % Cr and above) as also for those made of non-ferrous high alloyed. However, a CA shall be
considered for some internals exposed to severe conditions such as non-removable internals of
reactor, catalyst bed support beams of reactor in accordance with Engineering Drawings and/or
Mechanical Data Sheets.
4.5.8 Fixed internals made of stainless steel (13% Cr and above) shall have 1.5 mm (1/16”) corrosion
allowance on each face.
4.5.9 A total corrosion allowance of 1.5 mm (1/16”) shall be applied to all external steel supports (saddles,
skirts, etc.), except for high alloy material supports.
4.6 Combinations of Loads
4.6.1 All vessels shall be designed for either wind or earthquake loading, whichever is greater: It is
assumed that wind and earthquake loads do not occur simultaneously.
4.6.2 Design loads definitions and load combinations, except for seismic and wind loads, shall be in
accordance with PIP VECV1001, Vessel Design Criteria – ASME Code Section VIII, Division 1 and
2 (February 2007), subtitles 5.4.1 (Design Load and Load Combinations) and 5.4.2 (Load
Combinations).
4.7 Wind Load Requirements
4.7.1 Wind loads requirements shall be per 3006-5001-FC11604/ S-000-1310-0004(LATER) “Wind Load
Calculation Procedure”.
4.7.2 Wind Induced Vibration of Vertical Vessels shall be per subtitle 5.5.3 of PIP VECV1001, Vessel
Design Criteria – ASME Code Section VIII, Division 1 and 2 (February 2007).
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4.8 Seismic Loads Requirements
4.8.1 Seismic and earthquake loading shall be calculated in accordance with 3006-5001-FC11602/
S-000-1310-0002(LATER)” Seismic Design Response Spectrum” and 3006-5001-FC11603/
S-000-1310-0003(LATER) “Seismic Design Criteria for Structures”.
4.9 Supports and External Attachments
4.9.1 Vertical vessels shall normally be supported on skirts or lugs. Small slightly loaded vessels may be
supported on structural steel legs.
4.9.2 Skirts shall be designed to be attached to bottom head and base ring by continuous welds.
4.9.3 Skirts shall be provided with openings for ventilation.
(1) Skirts larger than 900 mm (2’-11 1/2”) in outside diameter shall be provided with an access
opening of at least 450 mm (1’-5 3/4”) in diameter, except when the interior of the skirt is
accessible from below.
(2) Openings for piping connections to the bottom of the vessel shall be provided as required and
shall be in accordance with 3006-5001-FM2D4103 /D-000-1351-0004(LATER) “Standard
Drawing for Skirt and Base Plate”.
(3) When skirt is to be provided with insulation or fireproofing, all opening shall be provided with ring
or collars projected to equal the insulation or fireproofing thickness. Sleeves shall be of sufficient
size to provide clearance for painting, insulation and expansion. Sleeve material shall be the
same material composition as that portion of skirt and shall be continuously fillet welded inside
and outside.
4.9.4 For vessels with design temperature greater than 650 °F (343 °C), a stress analysis shall be
performed to determine the need of a hot box. Hot boxes shall be provided as required by the
analysis.
4.9.5 For all design conditions the maximum allowable longitudinal compressive stress for support skirt
shall be determined in accordance with ASME Section VIII Division 1 para. UG-23.
4.9.6 Horizontal vessels supported by saddles shall be designed according to the method of L. P. Zick.
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4.9.7 Horizontal vessels shall be provided with welded steel saddles, one of them anchored and the other
free to move in the axial direction on the foundation.
4.9.8 Saddles or saddle bands shall be continuously welded to the vessel shell in a manner that will seal
out moisture. A 3mm (1/8”) diameter vent hole shall be provided at the lowest point.
4.9.9 For cold vessel, all saddle material shall be same as the shell and heads.
4.9.10 At the sliding side of vessels installed on concrete foundations, sliding plates shall be provided in
accordance with 3006-5001-FM2D4107/D-000-1351-0007, 08 and 11 to 14(LATER) “Standard
Drawing for Saddle” and 0602.1.410 “Slide plates for Horizontal Vessels”.
4.9.11 Anchor bolts and setting bolts for vertical and horizontal vessels shall have double nuts.
4.9.12 Where vertical vessels have more than eight (8) anchor bolts and nominal anchor bolt size 1” and
larger, the anchor bolt jigs shall be provided in accordance with 3006-5000-DM115007/
S-000-1351-0004P “General Specification for Anchor Bolts Jigs”, when specified on the requisition.
4.9.13 Carbon steel anchor bolting (ASTM A 307 Grade C) shall be designed to an allowable stress of:
Tension: 21.7 ksi (150 MPa)
Shear 11.2 ksi (77.9 MPa)
4.9.14 Unless otherwise specified on engineering drawings or mechanical datasheets, stiffener rings for
vacuum conditions and for external loading shall be designed and fabricated from angles. The ratio
of the length of the angle leg to its thickness shall not exceed 8.
4.9.15 Stiffener Rings shall not be used in vessels in high temperature service (above 1004°F (540°C)) or
high temperature cyclic service. Owner/Owner’s representative shall investigate temperature limits
for cyclic service and specify if stiffeners are permitted.
4.9.16 Unless otherwise specified on the engineering drawings or mechanical datasheets, other external
attachments, such as pads, ladder and platform clips, pipe support clips, etc. shall be of the same
metallurgy as the shell and heads to which they are directly attached, for carbon steel with design
temperature over 650°F (343°C), low alloy steel and stainless steel.
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4.10 Vessel Drawings and Calculations
4.10.1 Owner’s representative shall furnish Manufacturer with Engineering Drawings and/or Mechanical
Data Sheets, which can not be approved as workshop drawings. Manufacturer shall provide
complete ASME Code design calculations (including wind and earthquake). To substantial
compliance with all design requirements where computer programs are used, the Manufacturer
shall clearly represent the following:
▫ Name and address of the author, date of latest revision, assumptions and sketches
▫ Programs shall be recognized and well-tried software packages using the English Language
with SI Units (mm, °C, kg, forces in N or kN, pressure in MPa, stresses in MPa, etc). Input data,
loading cases and conclusions of each calculation step must explicitly appear in the calculation
sheets. For situations not clearly defined in the Code, Finite Elements Analysis may be used
with Manufacturer’s responsibility.
4.10.2 The Manufacturer shall also provide all necessary mechanical calculations to show that vessel is not
unduly stressed during loading, shipping, sea and road transportation and erection at job site from
horizontal to vertical position, For computer programs requirements of para.4.10.1 are applicable.
4.10.3 The Manufacturer shall supply fully dimensioned detail drawings including, as a minimum, all the
information shown in Engineering Drawings and/or Mechanical Data Sheets. Those are also
required for all gaskets and internals, such as trays, cyclones, etc. if applicable.
4.10.4 The Manufacturer shall also furnish:

(1) Welding details
(2) Details of insulation clips and rings
(3) Details of nozzles including reinforcements
(4) Details of tray supporting rings / downcomer bolting bars / internal distributor supports
(5) Nameplate Details
(6) Details for Transportation/erection together with calculations
(7) List of materials with specifications
(8) Maximum Allowable Nozzles Loads (required for nozzles 6” and above except for manholes,
handholes, instrument nozzles and nozzles with blind flanges)
4.10.5 The location of all vessel components, openings, seams, internals, etc., of the vessel shall be
indicated on the shop drawings by the distance to a common reference line. The reference line shall
be permanently marked on the shell.
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4.10.6 Copies of the Manufacturer’s drawings shall be submitted to the Owner’s representatives for review
before any work shown on the drawings is commenced. One copy shall be returned bearing the
Owner’s representatives stamp and notations of any required changes. Number of copies required
of required documents shall be included in purchase order or requisition. All drawings shall be on
reproducible and electronics format once reviewed by the Owner’s representative.
4.10.7 SI Units (mm, °C, kg, forces in N or kN, pressure in MPa, stresses in MPa, etc) shall be used for all
of Manufacturer’s Drawings and Calculations.
4.11 Connections
4.11.1 Flanges shall be per ASME Standards B16.5 and B16.47, or designed per ASME Code Section VIII,
Division 1. ASME B16.47 Series A shall be indicated by the Owner’s representative on Engineering
Drawings and/or Mechanical Data Sheets. For items with nominal corrosion allowance larger than 3
mm (1/8”), Manufacturer shall calculate all flanges including ASME B16.5 standard flanges.
4.11.2 Unless otherwise specified the minimum size of nozzles connected to piping shall be 2”, flange and
neck shall have the same P–number as the vessel shell. Corrosion protection equivalent to that of
the vessel shall be provided.
4.11.3 Unless internal piping is required, drain connections, manholes and other nozzles shall be trimmed
flush with the inside of the vessel.
4.11.4 All inside edges of connection shall be ground to a minimum radius of 3 mm (1/8”).
4.11.5 Flanged connections may be constructed as integrally forged nozzles or may be built up from
seamless pipe or rolled plate butt welded to forged welding neck flanges.
4.11.6 Forged slip–on shall not be used unless specified in Engineering Drawings and/or Mechanical Data
Sheets.
4.11.7 The parent metal in the location of the nozzle/weld shall be subject to 100 % ultrasonic examination
before pad welding.
4.11.8 Flange rating, facing and finish, material and bolting will be specified on Engineering Drawings
and/or Mechanical Data Sheets.
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(1) Wherever possible, the flange rating and facing shall be consistent with the specification of the
connecting piping.
(2) Manhole and handhole flange facing shall be similar to nozzles in the same section of the
vessel.
(3) Flange facing and surface finish shall be in accordance with subtitle 5.11.5 of PIP VECV1001,
Vessel Design Criteria – ASME Code Section VIII, Division 1 and 2 (February 2007) and shall
meet the requirements of ASME B16.5 unless otherwise specified in Engineering Drawings
and/or Mechanical Data Sheets.
(4) Bolt holes of bolted connections shall straddle the natural horizontal and vertical centerlines for
horizontal vessels and the vertical and north–south centerlines for vertical vessels as shown in
the following figures.
(5) Vent and drain nozzles shall be sized as specified on Engineering Drawings and/or Mechanical
Data Sheets and Vessel connections may not be less than 2”.
(6) Hydraulic bolt tensioning shall be applied in the following cases:

<Standard Flanges>
ASME RATING
SERVICE Nozzle Size
CLASSES
Above 500 °F (260 °C) 900 LB and over 12” and over
ALL 1500 LB and over 8” and over
ALL 2500 LB and over 4” and over

PAGE 16 OF 65
<Standard Flanges>
ASME RATING
SERVICE Bolt Diameter
CLASSES
ALL ALL 2” and over
Hydrogen 1500 LB and over 1 1/2” and over
Lethal ALL 1” and over
4.11.9 If the application of bolt tensioning equipment is anticipated in the design stage, due attention shall
be given to the clearance required to accommodate the tensioning tools.
4.11.10 If hydraulic bolt tensioning is required as per 4.11.8(6), bolts shall have plus 1 nut length and a
thread protection shall be provided before shipping.
4.11.11 The bolt tension values applied shall be recorded and included in manufacturer’s final
documentation.
4.11.12 Screwed piping shall not be used.
4.11.13 Connections on vessels shall be flanged. For Class 2500 LB rating, ring joint flanges shall be
applied. Large diameter connections may be beveled for welding.
4.11.14 Integral self reinforced nozzle with no reinforcing pad shall be used in any case of the following;
(1) Hydrogen service, Wet H2S service
(2) Design temperature above 752°F (400°C) in other services
(3) Flange Rating 600 LB and greater
(4) Low alloy steels with thickness 25 mm and greater
(5) Carbon steel with thickness 40 mm and greater

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4.11.15 Forged saddle type nozzle (Fig. UW-16.1 Type (f) of ASME Section VIII, Division1) shall be used for
vessels with thickness 50 mm (2”) and greater in cyclic service.
4.11.16 Nozzles shall be provided with reinforcing pad per table below unless integral self reinforced nozzle
is required. Reinforcing pad should be no thicker than the vessel shell or head to which they are
attached and limited to a maximum thickness of 40 mm.
Nominal Reinf. Nozzle Neck

Nozzle Pad.
Size (in) Dia. Corr. Allow. Corr. Allow. Corr. Allow. Corr. Allow. Corr. Allow. Corr. Allow.
(mm) 0.0 mm 1.0 mm 1.5 mm 2.0 mm 3.0 mm 6.0 mm
Min. Sch. Min. Sch. Min. Sch. Min. Sch. Min. Sch. Min. Sch.
Th’k No. Th’k No. Th’k No. Th’k No. Th’k No. Th’k No.
3/4” - 2.6 160 3.6 160 4.1 160 4.6 160 5.6 XXS 8.6 L.W.N
1” - 3 4 4.5 5 6 9
1-1/2” - 3.3 4.3 4.8 5.3 6.3 9.3
2” 160 3.5 4.5 5 5.5 6.5 160 9.5 XXS
3” 190 4.9 40 5.9 80 6.4 80 6.9 7.9 10.9
4” 220 5.3 6.3 6.8 7.3 80 8.3 11.3 160
6” 300 6.3 7.3 8.8 8.3 9.3 80 12.3
8” 400 7.2 8.2 8.7 9.2 10.2 13.2
10” 500 8.2 9.2 9.7 10.2 11.2 14.2
12” 600 8.4 9.4 9.9 10.4 11.4 14.4 80
16” 780 40 40 40
(18”) 870 40
20” 970
24” 1160 40
4.12 Inspection and Access Openings
4.12.1 The location, quantity, and size of manholes shall be specified to ensure that all interior areas are
accessible as required. Additional manholes over and above the minimum requirements of the
respective division of Section VIII of the ASME Code shall be provided in vessels for installation and
removal of vessel internals such as fractionating trays, moisture separators, etc.
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4.12.2 Manholes shall be usable from a ladder, platform or grade
4.12.3 Manholes size shall normally be according to the following table and shall be provided with bolted
cover and davit or hinges for handling, except where larger manholes are required for installation of
internals or similar purposes.
Vessel Inside Diameter Manhole Size

900mm and less For Vertical Vessels:
Top Head Flange or 8” Hand Hole (no internal is in vessel)
For Horizontal Vessels:
8” Hand Hole
From 901mm to 1300mm 20” Nominal Size Manhole
Over 1300mm 24” Nominal Size (Min. 20” ID)
4.12.4 Handholes shall be a minimum of 8” nominal size. Studded pad or nozzle type may be used and
shall be provided with a bolted cover and handle.
4.12.5 Nozzle projections shall be in accordance with Engineering Drawings and/or Mechanical Data
Sheets.
5 MATERIALS
5.1 General
5.1.1 Materials shall be specified by Owner / Owner’s representative and their designation indicated on
Engineering Drawings and/or Mechanical Data Sheets.
5.1.2 Materials of construction for vessel parts subject to internal or external pressure shall conform to the
specifications given in the specified Division of Section VIII of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel
Code limited to the extent indicated in the following paragraphs of this section.
5.1.3 Equivalent substitutes may be specified for materials of construction for pressure vessels with the
approval of Owner’s representative, however, to assure code stamping, all materials for pressure
parts must comply with the respective Division of Section VIII of the ASME.
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5.1.4 Pressure holding components constructed of rolled plate for carbon steel vessels shall generally be
of the same or comparable material as that used for the shell and heads.
5.1.5 The plate used for reinforcing pad and other external attachments directly welded to the pressure
retaining parts shall be the same composition steel as that used for the shell or head to which it is
welded.
5.1.6 Materials shall be identified in terms of manufacturer and heat number. All materials shall be new
and unused.
5.1.7 Each plate or forging shall be legibly stamped or stenciled with grade number and plate or forging
number. When metal stamping is performed, it shall preferably be on the long edge of each
component as it leaves the mill.
5.1.8 Minimum requirement for material certification shall be according to ISO 10474 / EN 10204 / DIN
50049 “3.1”.
5.1.9 The allowable stress values for stainless steel materials, except for shell and heads, shall be based
on the lower value given in Table 1A of the ASME Pressure Vessel Code, Section II, Part D.
5.1.10 Carbon-1/2 Mo steel shall not be used.
5.1.11 Unless otherwise specified in Engineering Drawings and/or Mechanical Data Sheets, Carbon steel
vessels operating in hydrocarbon or other hazardous services shall have all plate steels used for
pressure parts made from pressure vessel quality plate conforming to one of the following ASME
vessel steels: SA-285 (semi or fully killed), SA-515, SA-516, or equal. For vessels with a minimum
design metal temperature (MDMT) - 20°F (-29°C) to 650°F (345°C) the material specification, steel
making practice and heat treated condition shall be specified such that impact testing is not required
by ASME Section VIII Division 1, UG-20 and UCS-66. For vessels with a MDMT below -20°F (-29°C)
the plate material shall be per ASME code. Impact testing shall be in accordance with UCS-66.
5.1.12 Material for carbon steel forgings shall be ASME SA-105, SA-266 Class 2, or SA-350 Grade LF2.
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5.1.13 Carbon steel plates, forging and castings for pressure retaining components shall have the
maximum carbon content of 0.25%. Chemical analysis results on material test reports shall include
the unspecified elements such as chromium, copper, molybdenum, nickel, and vanadium. Carbon
content shall be checked for carbon equivalent using the following equation:
Ceq = C + Mn/6 + (Cr + Mo + V)/5 + (Ni + Cu)/15
Materials with a carbon equivalent greater than 0.50% shall be welded using a 300°F (150°C)
preheat, low hydrogen rods and shall be stress relieved per code when the weld joints are 19mm
(3/4”) or larger.
5.1.14 Steel plates exceeding 25mm (1”) in thickness subject to internal or external pressure shall be
ultrasonically inspected per SA-578. The ultrasonic inspection shall certify that the plate is sound
and that no defects such as pips, ruptures or lamination exist, along edges to the welded, or in areas
which will be cut out for nozzle installation or other connections.
5.1.15 Plate material exceeding 25mm (1”), thickness shall have the weld bevel edge 100% magnetic
particle or liquid penetrant examined. Magnetic particle examination shall be in accordance with
Appendix 6, in ASME Code Section VIII, Division 1. Liquid penetrant examination shall be in
accordance with Appendix 8, in ASME Code Section VIII, Division 1. No relevant linear indication is
permitted.
5.1.16 Material specification showing Physical, Chemical and Inspection requirements shall be supplied to
the Owner’s representative for approval prior to material purchase order for all Pressure Boundary
Materials and structural supports.
5.2 Bolting and Gaskets
Bolting and gaskets for service operation shall be supplied with the vessel by the Manufacturer in
accordance with the material specifications shown on Engineering Drawings and/or Mechanical
Data Sheets for all flanged connections for which cover plates are being furnished.
Following is the minimum requirements for bolting and gaskets:
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5.2.1 Bolting:
5.2.1.1 Unless indicated otherwise on the Mechanical Data Sheet, all external bolting shall conform to the
following ASME specifications:
Design Temperature °F (°C) Stud Nuts
SA–320 Gr. L–7 SA–194 Gr. 4

-148 (-100) to -20 (-28)
SA–320 Gr. L–7M (Note 1) SA–194 Gr. 7M (Note 1)
SA–193 Gr. B–7 SA–194 Gr. 2H

-20 (-28) to 842 (450)
SA–193 Gr. B–7M (Note 1) SA–194 Gr. 2HM (Note 1)
SA–193 Gr. B–16 SA–194 Gr. 7

842 (450) to 1000 (538)
SA–453 Gr.660 CL-A (Note 1,2) SA–194 Gr. 7M (Note 1)
Note:
(1) For manholes, handholes and shell girth flanges, if Wet H2S service is specified and the
insulation is applicable (as per NACE MR0103).
(2) As per NACE MR0103, the maximum hardness shall be 35 HRC.
5.2.1.2 Non pressure retaining internal bolts for carbon steel and low alloy vessels shall be conforming to
SA–193 Gr. B6 (AISI 410) material unless otherwise specified in Engineering Drawings and/or
Mechanical Data Sheets. For other vessels, all internal bolts shall conform to the materials of the
other internal parts unless otherwise specified in Engineering Drawings and/or Mechanical Data
Sheets.
5.2.2 Gaskets:
5.2.2.1 Gasket specified shall be supplied by the manufacturer unless otherwise specifically noted.
5.2.2.2 Unless otherwise specified, internal gasket shall be non-asbestos sheet gasket.
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5.2.2.3 Gasket for ring-type joint (RTJ) flanges shall have a maximum Brinell hardness of HB 130, except
the following:
(1) TP 304 / 316 / 321 / 347 – HB 160 max
(2) TP 304L / 316L – HB 150 max
(3) TP 410 SS – HB 170 max
5.2.2.4 External gasket materials shall be in accordance with Engineering Drawings and/or Mechanical
Data Sheets.
5.3 Skirt for Stainless Steel or other High–Alloy Vessel
5.3.1 The skirt for stainless steel or other high alloy steel vessels shall be as per subtitle 6.6 of PIP
VECV1001, “Vessel Design Criteria ASME Code Section VIII, Division 1 and 2” (February 2007).
5.4 Carbon steel for Moderate Sour Service (Wet H2S Resistant Steel)
The definition of the Moderate Sour Service in NACE MR 0103 is the components of equipment and
piping exposed to sour refinery environmental conditions defined as follows:
(1) > 50 ppmw dissolved H2S in the free water, or,
(2) free water pH < 4 and some dissolved H2S present, or,
(3) free water pH > 7.6 and 20 ppmw dissolved hydrogen cyanide (HCN) in the water and some
dissolved H2S present, or
(4) > 0.0003 MPa absolute (0.05 psia) partial pressure H2S in the gas processes with a gas phase.
When vessel contains “Wet H2S service” and when “Wet H2S resistant steel” is specified in
Engineering Drawings and/or Mechanical Data Sheets, APPENDIX I shall be followed.
5.5 Carbon steel for Severe Sour Service and Rich Amine Service (HIC Resistant Steel)
When vessel contains “Wet H2S service” and when “HIC resistant steel” is specified, or when “Rich
Amine Service” in Engineering Drawings and/or Mechanical Data Sheets, both of APPENDIX I and
APPENDIX II shall be followed.
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5.6 Carbon steel for Lean Amine Service and Caustic Service
When vessel contains “Lean Amine Service” or “Caustic Service”, the following requirements shall
be followed:
(1) Thermal Stress Relieving required for all welds (PWHT), even If it is not required by code,
(2) Thermal Stress Relieving required for cold bend zones producing outer fiber deformation
greater than 5%, even if it is not required by code,
(3) Hardness of base metal, weld deposit and heat affected zone (HAZ) for production welds and
Welding Procedure Qualification (WPQT) shall be limited as follows:
Production Welds Welding Procedure Qualification
Base metal 200 HBW 200 HBW
Weld Deposit 200 HBW 200 HBW
HAZ No limitation 200 HBW
Note:
Electroless Nickel can replace or be used in addition to, in specific situations, the Stress Relieving
Heat Treatment in equipment and welded or cold worked pieces, which are under Caustic Service.
5.7 Corrosion Resistant Clad Pressure Vessels

When clad or weld overlay are specified for the shell and/or heads for pressure vessels in
Engineering Drawings and /or Mechanical Data Sheets, APPENDIX III shall be followed.
5.8 Low Alloyed Steels for Pressure Vessels

When low alloyed steel are specified for the shell and/or heads for pressure vessels in Engineering
Drawings and /or Mechanical Data Sheets, APPENDIX IV shall be followed.
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6 FABRICATION
6.1 General
6.1.1 Vessel shells and heads have minimum thicknesses of not less than Code requirements, using
design temperature, design pressure, and corrosion allowance as specified in the mechanical
drawings, In any event, the minimum thickness of carbon steel vessels shall not be less than the
following values:
▫ 5mm + CA or 6mm for Vessels ID = 610 to 2100 mm
▫ 7mm + CA or 10mm for Vessels ID = 2110 to 3600 mm
▫ 8mm + CA or 11mm for Vessels ID = 3610mm and over

The minimum thickness of the base metal in clad vessels shall be 9 mm
6.1.2 Shell plates shall be laid out so there will be a minimum of welded seams. For vessels having more
than one course, longitudinal joints shall be staggered.
6.1.3 Longitudinal and circumferential seams of cylindrical shells, all seams in spherical shells and
built–up heads shall be located to clear openings, theirs reinforcing pads, saddle wear plate, tray
and insulation support rings. When any case mentioned above is unavoidable, the seam shall be
ground flush and examined RT and MT or PT prior to welding.
6.1.4 External shell attachments such as platform clips, pads, pipe support and guide clips shall be
provided as required in Engineering Drawings and/or Mechanical Data Sheets.
6.1.5 Reinforcement pad shall be provided with a 6 mm (1/4”) tapped tell-tale hole located at 90° off the
longitudinal axis of vessel.
6.1.6 Where a reinforcement pad consists of two or more plates welded together after being fit to the
vessel, a tell-tale hole shall be provided for each sealed section of the plate.
6.1.7 When required in Engineering Drawings and/or Mechanical Data Sheets, openings shall be
reinforced for new and cold, as well as for corroded condition.
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6.1.8 Vessels to be insulated shall be provided with insulation supports as required in accordance with
Engineering Design Standard 3006-5001-FM2D4119/ D-000-1351-0019(LATER) “Standard
Drawing for Insulation Supports for Vessels-Hot Service”, 3006-5001-FM2D4126/
D-000-1351-0026(LATER) “Standard Drawing for Insulation Supports for Vessels-Cold Service”
and 3006-5001-FM2D4140/ D-000-1351-0040(LATER) ” Standard Drawing for Insulation Supports
for Horizontal Vessels-Hot Service”.
6.1.9 When required in Engineering Drawings and/or Mechanical Data Sheets, vessels shall be provided
with lifting lugs or trunnions and vertical vessels with tailing lugs.
6.1.10 The Owner’s representative shall approve necessity for location of lifting lugs/tailing lugs and
trunnion.
6.1.11 Vessels provided with manholes, liquid level controls or relief valves 3660mm (12’-0”) above grade,
shall be equipped with caged ladders and platforms.
6.1.12 Ladder and platform lugs shall be shop–welded to the vessel.
6.1.13 Where vertical vessels require insulation, manufacturer shall furnish and install support rings.
6.1.14 Reinforcing rings for external pressure may also be utilized in supporting insulation.
6.1.15 The thickness of head plates shall not be less than the required design thickness, with consideration
to reduction in thickness due to forming.
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6.1.16 Intermediate heads shall be attached to the shell per ASME Code Section VIII, Div. 1, figure UW
13-1-(e) with fillet weld.
6.1.17 All flange facing shall be protected against oxidation during heat treatment.
6.1.18 The Master Reference Line shall be established by the Vessel Manufacturer and clearly marked
inside and outside of the vessel prior to attaching the bottom head. It shall be parallel to the root land
of the bottom shell course, and perpendicular to the longitudinal axis the vessel.
6.2 Welding
6.2.1 Vessels shall be designed on the basis that pressure holding welds shall normally be full penetration
double welded butt joints. Where double welded butt joints are not practical, full penetration welds
shall be made by GTAW or GMAW process, for 1st layer minimum.
6.2.2 Internal shell attachments such as deck supports angles, lugs, clips and seats shall be designed to
be welded to the vessel shell or head by continuous fillet welds.
6.2.3 All longitudinal seams shall clear from nozzles, clips and other external parts by a minimum of 50mm
(2”). The layout of circumferential and longitudinal seams are not within the down comer area of
trays or behind any obstruction that prevents inspection of these welds. Longitudinal seams for
vertical vessels shall preferably be located 180° apart. If the above are unavoidable, Manufacturer
shall contact Owner’s representative and propose alternative / additional inspection procedure.
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6.2.4 Welding procedures shall conform to ASME code, Section IX, manufacturer’s welding procedure
and qualification records shall be submitted for approval of Owner’s representative upon receipt of
purchase order. Welding shall not be performed prior to Owner’s representative’s order approval of
welding procedure and qualification.
6.2.5 Vessels shall be welded by fusion arc process.
6.2.6 Application of Flux Cored Arc Welding (FCAW) shall comply with following requirements.
(1) Common Requirement

y Self-shielding FCAW shall not be used.
y FCAW shall not be used for the root pass of single-welded butt joints without
backing or with only temporary backing materials.
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(2) Conditions and requirements of FCAW Application (regardless of material production method,
such as rolling, forging, or casting)
Welding Materials Conditions Requirements*
Austenitic Stainless Steel Ο (a)
Carbon Steel （including Low-temperature Steel and Ο (b) (c) (d)

High Tensile Steel）
Cr-Mo Steel X
Other Materials （Inconel, Duplex Stainless Steel, etc.） Δ
Remarks： Ο FCAW may be used with the applicable Requirements* indicated on the
table.
X FCAW shall not be used.
Δ The use of FCAW shall be subjected to specific approval of Owner’s

representative
Requirements*
(a): Bi(Bismuth)-free wire (Bi 0.002%) shall be used where the operating temperature of the
welds exceeds 932°F (500°C) or where solution annealing or stabilizing heat treatment is to be
applied after welding.
(b): Flux-cored wire of H4 or H5 grade (Hydrogen content 5cc H2/100g of weld metal) shall be
used where the joint thickness exceeds 50mm (2”) or where the minimum tensile strength of
the base metal is 80ksi (550MPa) or more. Preheat temperature shall be 122°F (50°C) higher
than the specified preheat temperature of the project.
(c): Flux-cored wire which is guaranteed for impact properties after PWHT shall be used where
the welds are to be stress relieved after welding and an impact test is required for the welds.
(d): Welding Procedure Qualification shall be re-qualified in case of the change of consumable
brand name
6.2.7 Backing strips shall not be permitted without approval of Owner’s representative.
6.2.8 Nozzle attachment welds shall be of the full penetration type.

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6.2.9 Welded–in baffles or decks for vessels 1200 mm (4’–0”) diameter or larger, shall have integrally
flanged edges and shall be welded to the vessel by a continuous fillet weld at the flanged edge.
6.2.10 Seams in supporting skirts shall be made with full penetration butt-welds. Weld joints between skirts
and vessel heads shall have complete fusion for full length and be free from undercut, overlap or
abrupt ridges or valleys. The width of the welded joint shall be at least equal to the skirt thickness
and the height shall be twice the skirt thickness.
6.2.11 All external supports, support rings, pads, and structural brackets attached to the vessel shall be
seal welded all around to prevent corrosion between the vessel and attachments. When seal
welding all around is not practical, provision for drainage shall be made; e.g., a gap in the low–point
weld.
6.2.12 All vessel main lifting attachments shall be welded with continuous fillet weld.
6.2.13 No welding shall be allowed within any place where proper visual inspection of the weld is
impossible.
6.2.14 In horizontal vessels, the longitudinal weld seams of the shell shall not interfere with the welds of
shell attachments and the saddles shall not interfere with the circumferential and longitudinal weld
seams of the vessel shell. Also, these weld seams shall be inspected as far as possible.
6.2.15 Joints between plates of different thicknesses for vessel shells shall be aligned at the inside
surfaces.
6.2.16 Welding shall be performed in the “Flat” position as far as possible and the welding sequence shall
be established in order to perform a deliberate welding to minimize welding stresses.
6.2.17 Welding electrodes shall be of AWS approved quality or equivalent.
6.2.18 Welding materials to be used with carbon steels shall be “Low-hydrogen” type.
6.2.19 Alloy elements containing flux powder for submerged arc automatic and semiautomatic welding
techniques shall not be employed.
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6.2.20 All welding consumables shall have specified tensile, impact (ferrous materials only) and chemical
analyses values under their various international classifications.
6.3 Internals
6.3.1 Tray support rings and downcomer bolting bars shall be furnished and installed by vessel
manufacturer unless otherwise specified in Engineering Drawings.
6.3.2 On vessels with internals, where a vessel opening is not located in the top head, internal rigging
clips shall be provided to facilitate handling of the internals.
6.3.3 An external Davit for lifting the removable internal components shall be provided, if required in
6.3.4 Vessels internals and all portions of each vessel shall be self–draining and self–venting to ensure
complete elimination of liquid and vapors from the vessel when drained and vented.
6.3.5 The tray manufacturer shall submit complete shop details, including installation instructions and
packing list, to Owner’s representative for approval and transmittal to vessel Manufacturer.
6.3.6 The minimum thickness of internal plateworks and support rings shall not be less than 6 mm (1/4”).
6.3.7 Internal flanges shall be in accordance with 3006-5001-FM2D4106/ D-000-1351-0006(LATER)

“Standard Drawing for Internal Flange” and shall be fastened with hex–head machine bolts and nuts
tack–welded to the flanges to avoid loosening.
6.3.8 Removable internals shall be made in sections that can be removed through the manholes.
6.3.9 For openings connected to pump suction, a vortex breaker shall be provided and to be indicated in
6.3.10 Vessels with manhole shall have internal rungs above and below the manholes to facilitate internal
access as per 3006-5001-FM2D4105/ D-000-1351-0005(LATER) “Standard Drawing for Internal
Ladder Rung and Grab Rung”.
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6.3.11 Internal attachments welded directly to the shell such as tray supports, downcomer bolting bars,
seal pan supports and other attachments shall be of the same metallurgy of the inside surface of the
vessel for carbon steel with design temperature over 650°F (343°C), low alloy steel and stainless
steel, and shall be welded to the shell or head by continuous fillet welds.
6.3.12 Clips, beam support and other heavily loaded attachments in cladded vessels shall have the
cladding stripped back and shall be welded to the base metal. After completing the attachment weld
the cladding shall be restored by overlaying all exposed carbon steel or low alloy areas.
6.3.13 For vessels in hydrogen service, Internal attachments welded directly to the shell such as tray
supports, downcomer bolting bars, seal pan supports and other attachments shall be welded with
full penetration.
7 INSPECTION
7.1 General
7.1.1 Owner’s representative reserves the right to inspect the vessels at any time during fabrication to
assure that the vessel materials and workmanship are in accordance with this specification.
7.1.2 The approval of any work by the Owner’s representative and his release of a vessel shall not relieve
the manufacturer of any responsibility for carrying out the provisions of this specification.
7.1.3 The dimensional inspection using jig plates shall be performed unless it’s not practical. The
acceptance criteria of the tolerances are in accordance with 3006-5001-FM2D4117/
D-000-1351-0017(LATER) “Standard Drawing for Tolerance for Column and Drum”.
7.2 Material Inspection
7.2.1 The material inspection shall be conducted by confirming the material certificates of mill test reports
of pressure retaining parts.
7.2.2 When the plate or pipe is cut into two or more pressure bearing parts (and non-pressure bearing
parts directly welded to the pressure bearing parts) or the original material identification markings
are unavoidably cut out, material designation and material identification number shall be properly
transferred to each part by low stress stamping prior to cutting. The material identification marking
shall be easily visible during the fabrication process as well as the completed vessels, and shall be
surrounded with paint.
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7.2.3 Where hydrogen or wet H2S service is specified, all plate materials to be used for pressure retaining
portion shall comply with the requirements of Appendix “I” and “II”.
7.2.4 When required in purchase order or requisition, positive alloy material identification (PMI) shall be
performed in accordance with 3006-5001-FGB0402/ S-000-1530-0001(LATER) “Positive Material
Identification for Procurement Phase”.
7.3 Welding Inspection
7.3.1 Radiographic Examination (RT)
7.3.1.1 All vessels shall be designed for radiographic examination per ASME Code Section VIII, Div.1,
Table UW-12 and shall be examined per para. UW-51 or UW-52.
7.3.1.2 In addition to the requirement of UCS-57 of ASME Code Section VIII, Division 1, full RT shall be
executed for the vessels under the condition in accordance with 4.11.14(1), (2) and (3).
7.3.2 Ultrasonic Examination (UT)
7.3.2.1 Where ultrasonic examination is specified, it shall be carried out after post weld heat treatment is
conducted.
7.3.2.2 The portion to be examined may be specified by the witness inspector.
7.3.2.3 The area under vessel lifting attachments shall be ultrasonically tested for lamellar tearing before
and after welding attachment.
7.3.3 Magnetic Particle Examination (MT) and Liquid Penetrant Examination (PT)
7.3.3.1 Magnetic particle examination shall be conducted to the following portions. If the magnetic particle
examination is not preferable because of non-magnetic materials or it is impractical with regard to
the welded portion to be examined, a liquid penetrant examination may be alternatively conducted.
(1) For material having an ultimate tensile strength (UTS) of 70 ksi (500 MPa) and over, the welds
of attachments and the removed surfaces of temporary jigs by welding on the vessel shell or
head, shall be examined by yoke method after post weld heat treatment.
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(2) The back gouged portion where the material having a ultimate tensile strength of 70 ksi (500
MPa) and over or the vessels are designed with full radiographic examination, shall be
examined by magnetic particle method.
(3) Attachment welds for lifting lugs and tailing lugs shall be examined by magnetic particle method.
7.3.3.2 Magnetic particle examination method and acceptance criteria shall be in accordance with
Appendix 6 of ASME Code Section VIII, Pressure Vessel Division 1.
7.3.3.3 Liquid penetrant examination method and acceptance criteria shall be in accordance with
Appendix 8, in ASME Code Section VIII, Division 1.
7.3.4 Hardness Test
7.3.4.1 For wet H2S, caustic or amine service, the hardness of weld seams including heat affected zones of
the joint categories A, B, C and D (only for butt joints where the connection is 2 in. NPS or larger) per
ASME Code shall be tested.
7.3.4.2 The hardness test shall be made against the weldments of each welding procedure per vessel.
7.3.4.3 The hardness test required for wet H2S, caustic or amine service as above mentioned shall be
made at the inside surface of welded joints when the same procedures are employed for the inside
and outside.
7.3.4.4 The hardness test shall be carried out using a portable Brinell hardness tester with a 10 mm
diameter ball after postweld heat treatment.
7.3.4.5 The hardness test locations shall be designated by the witness inspector.
7.3.4.6 The location to be hardness tested shall be flush and smooth.
7.3.4.7 Brinell hardness of the base metal, the weld metal and the Heat Affected Zone (HAZ) of all welds
shall not exceed the limits given below:
MATERIAL (P-Number, See ASME Section IX) BRINELL HARDNESS
P-1 (Note 1) : HB 225 (Note 2, 3, 4)
P-3, 4, 9 : HB 225 (Note 3, 4, 5)
P-5, 6, 7, 10 : HB 235
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Notes:
(1) Base metal hardness tests are not required on P-1 materials.
(2) For units in hydrogen service, hardness value shall be limited to HB 200.
(3) For units in wet H2S service and Rich Amine service, hardness value shall be in accordance
with Appendix I and II.
(4) For units in caustic and lean amine service, hardness value shall be in accordance with para.
5.6(3)
(5) For 1.25 Cr-0.5 Mo, refer to Para. (3) (d) of APPENDIX IV
Examinations shall be made in the presence of the Owner’s inspector to verify compliance with the
above hardness values.
7.3.4.8 The hardness test of the HAZ shall be made with the ball centered in the HAZ (representing a
composite of weld metal, HAZ, and base metal).
7.3.5 Weldment Checking
7.3.5.1 All welded joints of pressure retaining parts and no pressure retaining parts shall be visually
inspected to confirm that there is no defect in the weldment.
8 POSTWELD HEAT TREATMENT (PWHT)
(1) No welding shall be performed on vessel after PWHT without written specific approval of
Owner’s representative.
(2) No service bolting shall be subjected to PWHT.
(3) Removable internals shall be installed after stress relieving.
(4) Post weld heat treatment other than required by the specified code shall be done if indicated on
the Engineering Drawings and/or Mechanical Data Sheets.
(5) The exemption provided in ASME code section VIII, table UCS-56 note 1, allowing postweld
heat treatment at lower temperature for longer periods of time is not permitted.
(6) All gasket flanges and other machined surfaces shall be checked after heat treatment and/or
fabrication for freedom from warpage, distortion, oxidation and unbroken serrations.
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(7) Heating with Furnace shall only be employed. Local PWHT may be performed by Heating with
electrical source but method must be approved by Owner or his representative before
implementation by manufacturer.
(8) Test plate shall receive minimum anticipated heat treatment cycles plus one PWHT cycle.
Cooling rate of the test plate shall be compatible with the cooling rate of the vessel following final
PWHT cycle.
9 HYDROSTATIC TEST
(1) A Hydrostatic test pressure shall be maintained for an adequate time to permit a thorough
inspection, in any case not less than 60 minutes.
(2) Vessel shall not be painted prior to the pressure test.
(3) If field assembly/erection is involved, the final hydrostatic test shall be on the User’s site. The
manufacturer shall provide Owner’s representative a detailed test procedure for review prior to
testing.
(4) Horizontal vessels designed to support a full weight load of water shall be tested while resting
on its supports saddles without additional supports or cribbing.
(5) Vertical vessels may be shop tested in the horizontal position. These vessels must be
adequately supported during the test to prevent damage.
(6) No welding, burning or grinding of pressure resisting weld shall be performed on vessels that
have been pressure tested and stamped unless approved by the user. This includes, but not
limited to, welds for shipping attachments, refractory anchors, insulation clips, stiffeners, spiders,
or grinding for surface preparation.
(7) Gasket compound for flange joint contact surface shall not be used for pressure test. Service
gaskets shall be used for testing, except those for nozzle connections for piping.
(8) For vessels made of austenitic stainless steel or austenitic stainless steel clad and vessels
having austenitic stainless steel internals, clean fresh water shall be used as primary test
medium, but the use of other test mediums shall be subject to approval. The test water shall
have chloride content less than 50 ppm.
(9) Potable water shall be used for vessels made of carbon steel.
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(10)Two (2) pressure gauges per vessel shall be used for the pressure test. One (1) test gauge shall
be set at the highest position and the other is at the lowest position of the vessel.
(11)The metal temperature during hydrostatic test shall be at least 30°F (17 °C) above the MDMT to
minimize the risk of brittle fracture.
10 PNEUMATIC TEST
(1) Pneumatic test for vessels partially or completely filled with air shall not be performed without
approval of Owner’s representative.
(2) Pneumatic test shall be per subtitle 7.2.2, ”Pneumatic Test”, of PIP VECV1001, Vessel Design
Criteria – ASME Code Section VIII, Division 1 and 2 (February 2007).
(3) Each nozzle reinforcing pad or each segment thereof shall be tested pneumatically at 15 psig (1
kgf/cm2). Test to be performed after any PWHT and before vessel hydrostatic test. The tell-tale
holes in the reinforcing pads shall be left open and filled with grease after testing.
11 NAMEPLATE
(1) Nameplate shall comply with 3006-5001-FM2D4127/ D-000-1351-0027(LATER) “Standard

Drawing for Nameplate”
(2) The nameplate location shall be in accordance with Engineering Drawings and/or Mechanical
Data Sheets and shall be accessible from the ground level and structures.
12 PAINTING AND MARKING
(1) External surfaces, excluding machined surfaces, shall be given a coat of primer paint when
specified on Engineering Drawings and/or Mechanical Data Sheets.
(2) Surface preparation, painting, and painting material shall be in accordance with
3006-5000-DM115891/ S-000-13A0-0001P “General Specification for Painting and Surface
Preparation”.
(3) Piece marking or other lettering on vessels fabricated of austenitic alloys shall be done with
paints or inks which contain non–metallic pigment.
PAGE 37 OF 65
(4) The purchase order number and vessel number shall be prominently marked on the side of the
vessel as shipped with white paint in block letter at least 300 mm (12”) high. The same applies to
the vessel empty weight, which shall also be painted on the surface of the vessel.
(5) Vessels which have been post weld heat treated shall be prominently marked on two sides of
the vessel with white paint in block letters at least 300 mm (12”) high as follows:
“PWHT – Do Not Burn or Weld”
(6) All vessels with nonmetallic linings shall be prominently marked on two sides of the vessel with
white paint in block letters at least 300 mm (12”) high as follows:
“Lined Vessel – Do Not Burn or Weld”
(7) Before shipping painting shall be completed as required by the requisition
(8) Erection marking shall be done in accordance with 3006-5000-DM115105/ S-000-1351-0005P,

“General Specification for marking Procedure” and Manufacturer shall indicate those marking
instructions on the submitted drawings.
13 PREPARATION FOR SHIPMENT
(1) After final hydrostatic test, vessels shall be dried and cleaned thoroughly inside and outside to
remove grease, loose scale, rust and dirt.
(2) All flange faces and other machined surfaces shall be coated with a readily removable rust
preventative coating and properly protected against damage during shipment.
(3) All flanged openings which are not provided with covers, shall be protected by suitable steel
plates.
(4) The vessel internals not installed in the vessel by the Manufacturer shall be crated, boxed and
loaded to protect all parts from damage or loss in transit and shall be shipped so they arrive at
the erection site prior to or with vessel. All internals shall be properly identified in accordance
with the packing list.
(5) Gaskets and bolting shall be supplied and boxed separately for each vessel and properly
identified for field installation by others.
(6) One spare gasket shall be supplied for each connection for which cover plates are furnished.
PAGE 38 OF 65
(7) Suitable temporary supports, marked and tagged for removal after vessel installation, shall be
provided for internal parts not separately shipped to prevent damage during shipment.
(8) Austenitic stainless steel used in vessels shall not be exposed to wetting by salt water or salt
spray. The Owner’s representative shall approve protective coating or covering used to prevent
such exposure. Manufacturer shall provide N2 seal with a pressure gauge and the protection
cover.
(9) For internal protection of steam drums, after thoroughly drying, desiccant bags shall be provided.
The desiccant shall be activated alumina or silica gel. All bags shall be secured to prevent
shifting during shipment. A warning notice to remove the desiccant before placing the unit in
operation shall be placed on each manhole cover. After placement of desiccant, all connections
and openings shall be covered with tight fitting sheet metal enclosures and all openings shall be
carefully sealed with an adhesive backed waterproof cloth tape. Sealing shall be adequate to
prevent air from entering the unit during the shipment and storage.
(10)Small parts, which are to be shipped loose, shall be bagged or boxed and marked with the order
and item number of the vessel.
(11)Vessel manufacturer shall take all necessary precautions in loading by blocking and bracing the
vessel and furnishing all necessary material to prevent damages.
14 FINAL DOCUMENTATION PACKAGE
(1) Final documentation for each vessel shall be compiled in a package called “Mechanical Data
Book”. Documents to be included in the book shall be divided in to parts and include documents
as follows:
Part I – Mechanical Data
A. General
(a) Table of Content of Mechanical Data Books
(b) Procurement Data – shall include list of suppliers and major sub-manufacturers with
name, address (e-mail and telephone numbers)
(c) Drawings
(d) Sketch locating all Girth Seams (for large diameter vessels only when requested by the
Owner/Owner’s representative)
(e) General Arrangement – Outline Drawings
(f) Detail of Nozzles
(g) Detail of Supports
(h) Welding Details
(i) Details of Internals
PAGE 39 OF 65
(j) Details of External Attachments

(k) Detail of Lifting Attachments
(l) Owner/Owner’s representative Requisition Drawings – showing vessel operating and
design data, materials of construction, outline dimensions, nozzles, type of supports, etc.
Notes:
i) All drawings shall be stamped “Certified As Built”
ii) “UDS” shall be certified (stamped) by Professional Engineer registered in USA
or Canada.
B. Calculations
(a) ASME Code for Design Pressure
(b) Wind and Earthquake Design
(c) Maximum Allowable Working Pressure
(d) Stress in Horizontal Vessels per Zick and Design of Support Saddles
(e) Design of Supports for Vertical Vessels: Skirt, Legs or Lugs (as applicable)
(f) Checking Shell and Nozzles for External Load from Attached Piping
(g) Stress in Vertical Vessel during Shop Hydrotest
(h) Stress in Vessel During Transportation
(i) Stress in Vessel During Erection
(j) Design of Lifting / Tailing Attachment
Note:
Documents (g), (h), (i) and (j) above shall be furnished for large diameter and / or
critical vessels only, when requested by the Purchaser.
Part II – Manufacturer Fabrication Dossier

A. Welding and Post Weld Heat Treatment (PWHT)
(a) Welding Procedure Specification (WPS)
(b) Welding Procedure Qualifications Records (PQR)
(c) Weld Repair Procedures and Records
(d) Post Weld Heat Treatment (PWHT) Procedure
(e) PWHT Charts
(f) Painting / Coating Procedure
PAGE 40 OF 65
B. Welding and Post Weld Heat Treatment (PWHT)

(a) Nondestructive Examination (NDE) and Testing
i) Nondestructive Examination Procedures and Results
ii) Radiographic (RT)
iii) Ultrasonic (UT)
iv) Magnetic Particle (MT)
v) Dye Penetrant (PT)
vi) Visual
(b) Procedures and Certificates of Additional Tests
i) Refractory
ii) Chemical Analysis
iii) Hardness Test
iv) Impact Test
v) Refractory Dry Out
(c) PMI Procedures and Reports
(d) Shop Hydrotest Procedures, Charts and Certificates
(e) Quality Control Plan – This document describes in details scope of inspection and tests
for each weld joints and entire vessel. It lists all operations conducted by manufacturer
with reference procedures and acceptance criteria, records, witness, and inspection and
hold points.
C. Miscellaneous Documents and Reports
(a) Data Reports on U-1 Forms
(b) All Mill Test Reports
(c) Nameplate Rubbing
(d) Final Inspection Report
(E) Results of Test on Production Test Specimens (for critical vessels if requested by the
Purchaser)
Part III – Vessel Internals

This part is applicable to vessels with trays or packing.
(2) Two or more vessels may be included in one “Mechanical Data Book” provided they are located
in the same unit or parallel train of units and they are the same type.
Examples:
Reactors: D-7623 & D-7643 in Unit 76, Train 1 & Train 2 respectively
Columns: D-7920 & D-7940 in Unit 79, Train 1 & Train 2 respectively
PAGE 41 OF 65
Documents which are common to various vessels shall be included in the front of the volume
(or separate volume ) in a section identified as “Common Documents”. This section or volume
shall have a list (index) of the document included and identify items for which these documents
are applicable.
(3) Prior to the preparation and submittal of the “Mechanical Data Book” for the Purchaser Approval,
the manufacturer shall provide a detailed “Table of Contents” for each of the volumes for
Purchaser comments to ensure compliance with the Purchaser requirements stated in this
document.
(4) Manufacturer’s submittal of the “Mechanical Data Book” shall be in strict compliance with the
agreed “Table of Contents” and Purchaser’s requirements. Any deviation from these
requirements are not acceptable and the final documents may be returned by the
Owner/Owner’s Representative, at his discretion, for resubmittal by the manufacturer to comply
with the requirements stated in this document.
(5) Format and quantity required by Owner’s Representative (to be confirmed by CONFEED)
Documents in the “Mechanical Data Book” shall be of format and sizes as specified, they shall
be compiled in three-post binders (max 75 mm thick).
(a) Two (2) copies of “Table of Contents” for review
(b) Two (2) copies of “Mechanical Data Book” for review
(c) Original plus three (3) copies of “Mechanical Data Book” approved final
(D) Two (2) electronic copies, preferably on CD Rom in the order which they are assembled
in data books.
15 GUARANTEE
(1) Manufacturer shall guarantee that the vessel fulfills all conditions as stated in this Specification
and that it is free from fault in design, workmanship and material.
(2) In case of design or fabrication defects arise during the first year of operation, the Manufacturer
agrees to make all necessary alterations, repairs and replacements free of charge to Owner.
PAGE 42 OF 65
APPENDIX I CARBON STEEL FOR MODERATE SOUR SERVICE
1. GENERAL
All material shall be in accordance with the materials property and heat treatment requirements of
NACE MR0103 as supplemented or modified by this Appendix.
2. Base material plates
2.1 General
The plate to be used for the fabrication of the equipment shall comply with the basic requirements of
the ASME Section II, Part A & Part D specification SA-516/SA-515 (grade to be defied in
Engineering Drawings and/or Mechanical Data Sheets) and SA-20 supplemented by the following
additional requirements.
2.2 Material Requirements

The following requirements shall be followed;
(1) Ni content less than 1%,
(2) Carbon content shall be 0.20% maximum,
(3) Typical limitation of Carbon Equivalent are the following:
▫ Ceq lower than 0.42% for thicknesses below 50mm (2”)
▫ Ceq lower than 0.45% for thicknesses above or equal to 50mm (2”)
With Ceq = C + Mn/6 + (Cr + Mo + V)/5 + (Ni + Cu)/15
These Ceq values are indicative and may be re-considered if needed regarding the used steel grade.
In that case, new proposed values should be submitted to Owner’s representative for approval.
2.3 Possible designation Example

Possible designation example with supplemental limitation for plate, piping and flanges for “Wet H2S
resistant steel” are as follows;
(1) Application to Plates and Welded pipes ex) SA-516 Gr. 60
▫ Maximum allowable Phosphorus content 0.020%
▫ Maximum allowable Sulfur content 0.015%

PAGE 43 OF 65
Note: In case of Low Temperature applications under Sour Service, dedicated Carbon Steel grades
for Plates parts shall fulfill the same requirements as defined here-above.
(2) Application to Process seamless Piping and accessories ex) SA-106 Gr. B

for piping parts shall fulfill the same requirements as defined here-above.
(3) Application to Flanges and accessories ex) SA-105, SA-266 Class. 2 and SA-216 WCB

for Flanges and accessories shall fulfill the same requirements as defined here-above.
2.4 Steel Making Process
(1) Carbon steel must be Fully Killed Carbon Steel type,
(2) Plate material (including starting plates for welded pipes and fittings) shall be supplied in Normalized
condition, regardless of thickness,
3. PWHT REQUIREMENT
(1) Thermal Stress Relieving required for all welds (PWHT), even if it is not required by Code,
(2) Thermal Stress Relieving required for cold bend zones producing outer fiber deformation greater
than 5%, even if it is not required by Code,
(3) All welding will be completed before final PWHT.

PAGE 44 OF 65
4. HARDNESS LIMITATION
Hardness of base metal, weld deposit and heat affected zone (HAZ) for production welds and
Welding Procedure Qualification (WPQT) shall be limited as follows:
Production Welds Welding Procedure Qualification
Base metal 200 HBW 200 HBW
Weld Deposit 200 HBW 200 HBW
HAZ No limitation 200 HBW
For production welds, hardness of the base metal shall be below 22HRC and hardness of the weld
deposit shall be lower than 200HB.
(1) For Welding Procedure Qualification, weld deposit shall be lower than 200 HBW and hardness of the
heat affected zone shall be lower than 200 HBW.
5. NON DESTRUCTIVE EXAMINATION (NDE)
(1) All plates shall be 100% ultrasonically examined (UT) per ASME SA-578 with acceptance standard
level II or tighter.
(2) All internal welds surface and 50mm on plate of either side of the welds shall be 100% wet
fluorescent magnetic particle inspected (WFMT). Inspection shall be prior to and after final PWHT. All
relevant linear indications (as defined by ASME Code Section VIII, Division 1, Appendix 6, para. 6.3
and 6.4) shall be removed, repaired and reinspected.
(3) All pressure butt welds (including nozzle necks to flanges) to be 100% radiographed (RT), all nozzle
to shell welds shall be 100% ultrasonically examined (UT).
PAGE 45 OF 65
APPENDIX II CARBON STEEL FOR SEVERE SOUR SERVICE (HIC RESISTANT STEEL)
1. GENERAL
All material shall be in accordance with the materials property and heat treatment requirements of
APPENDIX I, NACE MR0103 and IN-43 as supplemented or modified by this Appendix.
2. BASE MATERIAL PLATES
2.1 General
The plates to be used for the fabrication of the equipment shall comply with the basic requirements
of the ASME Section II, Part A & Part D specification SA-516/SA-515 (grade to be defined in
Engineering Drawings and/or Mechanical Data Sheets) and SA-20 supplemented by following
additional requirements:
2.2 Material Requirements

In addition to the general specification relative to "wet H2S resistant steels”, when ”HIC resistant
steel” is specified, the following requirements shall also be met:
(1) Carbon steel made by vacuum degassing process
(2) It is required to pass the NACE standard TM0284 (Evaluation of Pipeline and Pressure Vessels
Steels for Resistance to Hydrogen-Induced Cracking) by using the acidified test solution A specified
in NACE standard TM0177 (Laboratory Testing of Metals for Resistance to Sulfide Stress Cracking
and Stress Corrosion Cracking in H2S environments) with:
Crack Length Ratio (CLR) lower than or equal 5 %
(3) Mill test reports shall include the values for the crack length ratio (CLR), crack sensitivity ratio (CSR)
and crack thickness ratio (CTR) as defined in NACE standard TM0284 and also carbon equivalent
(CE).
(4) Homogeneous, constant HIC resistance can be obtained if the entire plate production is consistently
adapted to meet HIC resistance requirements. If not, the steels will not be considered as HIC
resistant steels.
PAGE 46 OF 65
2.3 Possible Designation Example

Possible designation example with supplemental limitation for plate, and flanges for “HIC resistant
steel” are as follows;
(1) Application to Plates and Welded pipes ex) SA-516 Gr.60
(a) Maximum allowable Phosphorus content 0.010% (target being 0.008%)
(b) Maximum allowable Sulfur content 0.002% (0.007% if inclusion shape controlled by calcium
treatment)
(c) Oxygen content less than 0.0025% (target being 0.002%)
(d) Calcium treatment, if any, shall be Ca/S ratio greater than 1.2
(e) Welded pipes, if any, shall fulfill the same requirements as for plate material
for Flange and Accessories shall fulfill the same requirements as defined here-above.
(2) Application to Flanges and accessories ex) ASME SA-105 for forging, ASME SA-266-2 for
forging
(a) Maximum allowable Phosphorus content 0.025%
(b) Maximum allowable Sulfur content 0.020%

for Plates parts shall fulfill the same requirements as defined here-above.
(3) Application to Process Piping and accessories
(a) Basically, specification dedicated to the HIC resistant steels is not to be applied on process
pipes provided that these latter are seamless type,
(b) It is Owner’s viewpoint to consider seamless piping as intrinsically immune against Hydrogen
Induced Cracking phenomenon; only “wet H2S resistant” steel specification shall then be
applied,
(c) However, welded pipe, if any, shall fulfill the same requirements as for plate material.
for piping parts shall fulfill the same requirements as defined in the specification for piping “Wet H2S
resistant”.
PAGE 47 OF 65
3. ALTERNATIVE DESIGN
The use of a standard carbon steel grade with SS cladding can be an alternative to “HIC resistant
steels” specification especially for thick-wall vessels like cold HP separator since it should involve
only a small cost premium over “HIC resistant steel” construction (the procurement could even be
sometimes more easy). The resulting protection against corrosion would be enhanced provided
that SS solution would not lead to other kind of corrosion and/or deterioration, and final decision for
material selections are subjected for Owner’s approval prior to issue of purchase order.
PAGE 48 OF 65
APPENDIX III ALLOY PROTECTIVE CLADDING / LINING
1. General
(1) This Appendix covers the additional requirements for design, fabrication, inspection and testing of
pressure vessels constructed of material with corrosion resistant integral cladding or weld metal
overlay lining.
(2) This Appendix supplements the basic requirements given in general specification for pressure
vessels.
2. MATERIALS
2.1 Clad Plate
(1) Integral clad plate bonded by rolling or explosion method shall be homogeneously made to have a
material quality and a thickness as specified. The clad plate to be used for pressure vessel shall meet
one of the following standard specifications or equivalent.
(a) ASME SA-263 “Corrosion - Resisting Chromium Steel - clad Plate, Sheet, and Strip”
(b) ASME SA-264 “Stainless Chromium - Nickel Steel Clad Plate, Sheet, and Strip”
(c) ASME SA-265 “Nickel - Base Alloy Clad Steel Plate”
(d) ASME B-432 “Copper and Copper Alloy Clad Steel Plate”
(2) The integral clad plate bonded by explosion method shall not be used for hydrogen service vessels
operating at elevated temperature and high pressure. However, its use for removable parts such as
manhole covers and tube sheets may be permitted.
2.2 Weld Overlay Lining
(1) Weld metal overlay lining shall be mainly used for hydrogen service vessels as mentioned item (2) of
the above para. 2.1.
(2) When the hydrogen service vessel is to be operated under extremely high pressure and high
temperature condition such as in “Hydrocracking Process” and “Hydro-Desulfurization Process”, the
weld metal overlay cladding shall be adopted for all inside surface of the vessel.
PAGE 49 OF 65
(3) Strip lining is not allowed.
3. DESIGN
3.1 Thickness
(1) No corrosion allowance shall be added to the base plate.
(2) Thickness of cladding material which is made from integral cladding of weld metal overlay cladding
shall not be included in design calculation of wall thickness.
(3) Thickness of cut back at the base metal joints shall be added to the required thickness of cladding for
corrosion resistance.
3.2 Weld Joint
Cut back at the weld joint shall be taken for the welding of integrally clad plate, as shown in Fig. 1.
Integrally clad plate or
Weld metal overlay
Clad shall be
Min. 5 mm Completely Removed
Base Metal
Fig. 1 Detail of Weld Joint
3.3 Nozzles and Manholes
(1) Sleeve shall not be used unless otherwise approved by Owner’s representative.
(2) If it is approved by Owner, solid nozzle instead of integral cladding or weld metal overlay lining is
acceptable for small nozzles.
PAGE 50 OF 65
(3) Minimum nozzle size for integral cladding or weld metal overlay lining is 2”.
(4) Flange facings and neck connection weld of shell to nozzles and manholes shall be lined with weld
metal overlay lining as shown in Fig. 2.
(5) Where the ring joint type facing is used, corner radius of the ring joint groove of flange facing shall be
made as large as possible, and the final layer of the weld metal overlay of the groove shall be made
after the final postweld heat treatment, as shown in Fig. 3.
PAGE 51 OF 65
Weld metal
Integrally clad
overlay
Weld metal
(TYP.)
5 overlay
Integrally clad
plate
(TYP.)
5
Integrally clad Integrally clad

5
plate (TYP.) Weld metal deposit plate
Weld metal
Weld metal overlay
overlay
Weld metal
overlay
Weld metal
overlay
Weld metal overlay
Manhole and Large Dia . Nozzle
Weld metal
overlay
Weld metal overlay

or Integrally clad
Weld metal
overlay
Nozzle
Fig. 2 Typical Detail of Lined Nozzles and Manholes

PAGE 52 OF 65
Fig. 3 Ring Type Joint of Nozzle
4. FABRICATION
4.1 General
Except for machined surfaces, base metals overlay welded shall be prepared by sand or grit blasting
over the entire surface to be overlaid, supplemented by grinding as necessary to remove flaws and
contamination which might prevent proper fusion of the overlay with the base metal.
4.2 Welding Electrodes

Welding electrodes for cladding materials shall be used as shown in Table 1.
Table 1 Welding Electrodes for Cladding Materials
ASME/ AWS - Welding Electrode Specifications *1)
ASTM Cladding Material

Weld to Base Metal Weld with Cladding Metal
SPEC
430Cb, E309 or 410Cb, E309 or

SA-263 Type 405 or 410S
ENiCrFe-3 *2) ENiCrFe-3 *2)
Type 304 (L) E309 E308 (L)
SA-264 Type 316 (L) E309 Mo E316 (L)
Type 321 or 347 E309 E347
SA-265 UNS N04400 (Monel) ENiCu-7 ENiCu-7
UNS C70600 (90Cu-10Ni)

B-432 ENiCu-7 or ENi-1 ENiCu-7 or ECuNi *3)
UNS C71500 (70Cu-30Ni)
PAGE 53 OF 65
Note *1) The equivalent grade of AWS specification may be used
*2) Selection of electrodes shall be consulted by Material Engineering Group of Owner’s

representative.
*3) AWS Classification ECuNi is 70Cu-30Ni, and there is no classification of 90Cu-10Ni

electrode which may be used for C70600.
4.3 Application of weld overlay

The weld overlay shall be applied circumferentially to the vessel and shall be relatively smooth with no
notches and undercuts that would act as stress concentrators. Flaws on the surface of the base metal
that would interface with bonding of the overlay shall be removed by grinding.
5. INSPECTION AND TESTING

Cladding shall be 3mm minimum undiluted thickness, or as specified on the vessel Engineering
Drawing. A 20ksi (140 MPa) minimum bond shear strength per SA-264/265 is required. The clad plate
shall be ultrasonically (UT) examined in accordance with ASTM SA-578, supplementary requirements
S6 acceptance criteria.
5.2 Ultrasonic Examination
(1) Ultrasonic examination for clad vessel in general service shall be performed as follows :
(a) All cut edges, which have been made during fabrication, shall be examined in accordance with
ASME SA-578.
(b) All surfaces of integrally bonded clad plate after cold forming when the resulting extreme fiber
elongation is more than 5 % from as-rolled condition and all hot forming shall be examined to
detect gross lack of bonding.
(c) All overlay weld deposit including butt joint of clad plate shall be examined to detect gross lack of
fusion.
5.3 Magnetic Particle Examination (MT)
(1) The method of MT is in accordance with Appendix 6 in ASME Code Sect. VIII Div. 1.
PAGE 54 OF 65
5.4 Liquid Penetrant Examination (PT)
(1) Liquid penetrant examination shall be performed at the following portions of weldments to check that
no cracks or other defects exist.
(a) All final weld metal overlay surfaces and final layer of groove welds for clad plate before and after
PWHT.
(b) All final welds of internal attachments on the weld metal overlay or clad metal.
(c) All final welds of butt welding and edge of clad plate after SAW welding and before strip weld
overlay as shown in Fig.4.
(2) The method of PT is in accordance with Appendix 8 in ASME Code Sect. VIII Div. 1.
5.5 Positive Material Identification (PMI)
(1) All alloy steel shall be examined by PMI in accordance with 3006-5001-FGB0402/ S-000-1530-0001
(LATER) “Positive Material Identification for Procurement Phase”.
(2) PMI shall be performed on production weld, and for each WPS.
5.6 Chemical Analysis
(1) Chemical analysis of weld metal overlay shall be performed by taking samples from the surface, to
assure that the chemical composition conforms to the requirements of the applicable material
specification in ASME Section II Part C.
(2) Such analysis need not be performed on those of monel metal and copper alloy.
PAGE 55 OF 65
(3) A chemical analysis shall be performed for each overlay welding procedure, and in accordance with
ASME Sect. IX.
(4) The chemical analysis shall be confirmed by PQR.

PAGE 56 OF 65
APPENDIX IV LOW ALLOYED STEELS FOR PRESSURE VESSELS
1. SCOPE
(1) These specifications are to be applied to the equipment fabricated with 1.25Cr-0.5Mo low alloyed
steel and 1.25Cr-0.5Mo low alloyed steel weld overlaid or cladded with austenitic stainless steel and
built in accordance with the ASME Code as applicable.
DESIGN CODE (AS REFERENCE)
ASME Section VIII, Div. 1 Pressure Vessels
ASME Section VIII, Div. 2 Pressure Vessels - Alternative rules
ASME Section II, Part A Ferrous Material Specifications
ASME Section II, Part D Properties
2. PRESSURE VESSELS MANUFACTURING
2.1 Base Material Plates
The plates to be used for the fabrication of the equipment shall comply with the basic requirements of
the ASME Sect. II, Part A & Part D specification SA-387 Gr. 11, Class 2 and SA-20 supplemented by
following additional requirements:
(1) Steel making process/heat treatment
(a) As generally specified for this kind of critical equipment, all plates should preferably be ordered
from steel made by the electric furnace and vacuum degassing process. Nevertheless, basic
oxygen furnace process with heated ladle refining and vacuum degassing may also be
considered as acceptable.
(b) All plates shall be thermally treated either by annealing, normalizing-and-tempering, or, when
permitted by the Owner’s representative, accelerated cooling from the austenitizing
temperature by air blasting or liquid quenching, followed by tempering,
(c) Heat treatments holding time shall be sufficient to obtain an uniform temperature throughout the
plate.
PAGE 57 OF 65
(d) The tempering temperature shall be adapted so as to give the required mechanical properties
after post-weld heat treatment. It shall consequently be noted that, depending on cases, the
Minimum temperature of Tempering may sometimes be higher than the one defined for the final
Post-Weld Heat Treatment of the equipment.
(2) Chemical analysis
The chemical analysis of the present steel grade shall be in conformity with ASME specification
SA-387 requirements with the following restrictions:
(a) The expected level of the main impurities shall be as follows (by Heat Analysis):
Acceptable limitations Owner’s Preferences

C 0.15% max
P 0.010% max (target 0.008%)
S 0.005% max (target 0.002%)
O2 30ppm max 20ppm max (target 15ppm)
(*) H2 3ppm max 2ppm max
P+Sn 0.015% max (target 0.012%)
(*) Manufacture shall be able to propose such guaranty for thickest plates (i.e. greater
than 150 mm).
(b) While the other indications here below, given for information, are corresponding to the typical
chemical compositions which should also be met for such kind of application (by Heat
Analysis):
Typical limitations
Ni 0.25% max
Cu 0.15% max
Si 0.65% max
Al 0.04% max
V 0.010% max
Sn 0.010% max
As 0.012% max
Sb 0.004% max
N2 80 ppm max
Nb 0.010% max
Ti 0.01% max
PAGE 58 OF 65
Even if the risk of Temper Embrittlement is normally much more moderate for this grade than for
higher alloyed steels, the "J" factor shall verify the relation hereafter:
J lower than 180 (target 150)

with J = (Si + Mn) x (P + Sn) x 104
All elements mentioned here-above, specified in weight % have to be checked on ladle and on
product.
Note: This criterion and also the specified impurities level shall uniformly be guaranteed for the whole
vessel, including the shell, heads and all other plates made pressure retaining parts as well (e.g.
nozzle parts, elbows, etc.).
(3) Mechanical properties
(a) Test Specimens
▫ As per code requirements SA-20 / SA-370 unless otherwise specified by the project
▫ The Impact Tests shall be carried out after heat treatments simulating those anticipated along the
fabrication that is post-forming heat treatment and intermediate HT, if any, and also final PWHT
▫ The Mechanical Tests shall be carried out after heat treatments simulating those anticipated along
the fabrication that is post-forming heat treatment, intermediate HT, if any, and final PWHT plus
additional heat treatments to anticipate potential repair (number to be defined by Owner’s
representative/Owner).
(b) Tensile properties
▫ Tensile tests shall be carried out at room temperature (Tensile tests at design temperature may
eventually be requested for information.)
▫ Room temperature tensile properties shall meet the requirements of the material standard.
▫ Yield strength at design temperature shall meet the value taken into account in calculation notes
(Ultimate Tensile Strength will be given for information).
Note: For Creep range calculation, Yield and Ultimate Strength may be given for information at the
Owner/EPC discretion.
(c) Impact test properties
▫ Charpy V-notch impact testing is required for all pressure retaining components, welds and heat
affected zone.
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▫ The average of three impact test values at testing temperature shall not be less than 40ft.lb (55J)
without individual value below 35ft.lb (47J).
▫ Testing temperature shall be the lower of the Minimum Design Metal Temperature (MDMT) and
(0 °F (-18°C)).
(d) Hardness properties
The material hardness shall not exceed 220 HB.
(e) Responsibility for Base material Tests
Mechanical tests may be performed by the base material’s Manufacturer or the pressure vessel
Manufacturer. The Mechanical Tests shall allow ensuring that the minimum mechanical properties
required will be met after all anticipated heat treatments of the pressure vessel during and after
fabrication.
2.2 Base Material Forging
(1) Steel making process/heat treatment
Forging including those used for shell, heads and nozzles, shall conform to all requirements of
ASME Specification SA-336 F11, Class 2 and the additional requirements given for plates defined in
corresponding paragraph here before.
Forges for which weight does not exceed 4540 kg (10000lb) may also be supplied per ASME
Specification SA-182 F11, Class 2.
As generally specified for this kind of critical equipment, all forges should be ordered from steel made
by the electric furnace and vacuum degassing process. Nevertheless; basic oxygen furnace process
with heated ladle refining and vacuum degassing may also be considered as acceptable.
Note: The Forges used for shell parts will preferably be made from hollow ingots.
(2) Chemical analysis
In addition to the requirements of ASME Specifications SA-336 or SA-182, the specific restrictions
listed for Plates shall be fully applied.
(3) Mechanical properties
All impact testing requirements given for Plates are applicable for Forging.
PAGE 60 OF 65
3. WELDING
3.1 General
The vessel Manufacturer shall not subcontract fabrication involving welding to others without the
written approval of the Owner’s representative.
The plate, or forge edge preparation for welding as well as the nozzle openings will be carried out by
machining. Flame cutting may sometimes be allowed by the Owner’s representative provided the heat
affected zone is completely removed by machining or grinding (ex: Nozzles openings in shell or head).
Regardless of operating temperature, vertical vessel shall have a skirt joint construction as shown in
Fig. 5.
3.2 Welding Processes
Welding processes are:
▫ SAW: Submerged Arc Welding

The Manufacturer and brand name or grade of all welding consumables shall be specified in the
welding procedure and submitted to the Owner’s representative for approval.
▫ SMAW: Shielded Manual Arc Welding
Only low hydrogen electrodes shall be used (refer to ASME II Part C SFA 5.5). Dedicated
procedure for electrodes drying/conditioning shall be submitted to Owner’s representative for
approval.
▫ GTAW : Gas Tungsten Arc Welding
Remark:
▫ GMAW: Gas Metal Arc Welding may be used for welds to non pressure parts.
PAGE 61 OF 65
Note: All the pressure retaining welds in hydrogen service, including the internals welded on pressure
parts, have to be full penetration type. If this is not possible, there will be a vent drill-hole of the not
welded area. External attachments are not concerned
3.3 Welding Consumables Chemical Analysis
The deposited weld metal shall match with the nominal chemical composition of the base material and
the mechanical properties of the deposited weld metal shall meet those of the base material.
Material Certificates shall be delivered for each batch, lot, diameter of covered electrodes, wire/flux
combination to be used for fabrication.
Furthermore the high purity level of the steel shall be such that P, Sn, Sb and As be as low as possible
to meet BRUSCATO parameter in the weld deposit X:
X lower than 20 ppm (target 15 ppm)

with X = (10P+ 4Sn+5Sb+As) / 100
(All chemical elements specified in ppm)
Note: Owner’s representative may require for some PMI (Positive Material Identification) to be applied
on deposited metal in the aim at checking the steel grade conformity.
4. CLADDING OR WELD OVERLAY
4.1 Cladding
High-Alloy clad materials shall be in accordance with the ASME Section II, Part A, Specification SA-264
for Chromium-Nickel Steels.
Cladding shall be 3mm (1/8”) minimum thickness SA-240 or as specified on the drawings. A 20ksi
(140MPa) minimum shear strength per SA-264 is required. The clad plate shall be ultrasonically
examined in accordance with SA-578 supplementary requirements S7 using Level 1 acceptance
criteria.
4.2 Weld Overlay
Generally speaking (when clad is specified as SS 321 or SS 347, or overlay is specified as SS 347, on
data sheet), the weld overlay is applied using a two-layers technique as follows:
▫ First layer: 309L SS
▫ Second layer: 347 SS (type SS321 shall not be permitted)
▫ Minimum effective thickness of undiluted alloy (after final machining if any) shall be those required
on equipment data sheet specification.
PAGE 62 OF 65
However, single layer weld deposit overlay (type 309LNb as typical) may be used provided the
manufacturer can demonstrate to the Owner’s representative the use of a qualified and acceptable
procedure.
Note 1: When clad is specified as SS 316Ti or overlay is specified as SS 318 on data sheet, the weld
overlay is applied using a two-layers technique as follow:
▫ First layer: 309LMo SS
▫ Second layer: 318 SS (309LMoNb as typical for single layer)
When clad is specified as SS 317L or overlay is specified as SS 317L on data sheet, the weld overlay is
applied using a two-layers technique as follow:
▫ First layer: 309LMo SS
▫ Second layer: 317L (Single layer not allowed)
Note 2: The number of weld layers in production shall not be less than the number of layers deposited
for weld overlay procedure qualification tests.
When required by the Owner, a method to evaluate the weld overlay for susceptibility to hydrogen
disbonding shall be agreed between the manufacturer and owner. In such a case, the Owner shall
define testing requirements and acceptance criteria. An example of a standard disbonding test may be
found in ASTM G 146.
Welding processes are the same than in para.3-2, using strips or wires for SAW process.
GMAW process is not allowed, except for structural attachments welding on overlay.
FCAW with gas shielding may also be used for some limited location such as overlay on Cr- Mo joint,
internal support rings, etc.
Both of GMAW and FCAW processes shall be authorized by the Owner’s representative. As the same
manner, the use of Electroslag (ESW) process remains subject to Owner’s representative’s
acceptance.
4.3 Ferrite Content
The ferrite content (FN) of the weld deposits will be less than 8, but more than 3 to prevent hot cracking.
Ferrite content is typically determined by the as-deposited chemical composition and the
WRC-diagram.
PAGE 63 OF 65
4.4 Nozzles and Manways
Nozzles and Manways (neck, flange, blind) in cladded vessels, or in cladded section of vessels, shall
be of the same base material as the vessel and internally cladded, or overlaid, with the same high alloy.
Loose lining, lap-joint flanges, welding of nozzle of different material than the vessel are not permitted.
The thickness of the cladding or overlay shall be at least equal to that of the cladding or overlay of the
vessel.
5. POST WELD HEAT TREATMENT (BY VESSEL MANUFACTURER)
5.1 The equipment shall receive PWHT as required by ASME and/or applicable Code Cases. The
equipment in H2 Service shall receive PWHT even if ASME and/or applicable Code does not require.
5.2 Unless otherwise specified by steel maker a typical recommended range of temperature could be
1211-1292 °F (655-700 °C) – Holding time by pressure vessel manufacturer according to wall
thickness and code and taking into account the anticipated number of heat treatment cycles.
Note : Vessel Manufacturer has the full responsibility of the mechanical behavior of the vessel. For this
reason, PWHT specification shall be optimized and defined by himself (in accordance with steel
Manufacturer) so as to guaranty, at one and the same time, mechanical and toughness characteristics
on the delivered equipment. The given typical temperature range may accordingly be reconsidered.
5.3 Intermediate Heat treatments definition is under vessel Manufacturer’s scope and shall be approved by
the Owner’s representative.
5.4 All welding will be completed before final PWHT excepted where special care has been taken to avoid
necessity of PWHT (buttering with high alloy deposits).
Note: Local PWHT shall not be permitted. In case of any furnace size limitation, vessel Manufacturer
shall obtain specific derogation from the Owner’s representative to perform local PWHT at the closing
seam of shell.
6. NON DESTRUCTIVE TESTING BY MANUFACTURER
6.1 For vessels designed and constructed in accordance with the rules of ASME Section VIII, Div.1,
Inspection Plan and Testing Plan shall be submitted to Owner’s representative for approval.
6.2 For vessels designed and constructed in accordance with the rules of ASME Section VIII, Div.2, non
destructive examination (NDE) as a minimum shall comply with the Table7.2.
PAGE 64 OF 65
6.3 Minimum requirements for NDE should typically include the following nondestructive tests :
▫ Radiographic examination (RT) on all pressure welds (prior to PWHT only, provided that UT is
made before and after PWHT),
▫ RT is not so effective after PWHT for detecting potential cracks. RT is sensitive for volumetric flaw
such as slugs inclusion but not sensitive for shape cracks which could appear during PWHT.
Nevertheless, the final decision, relative to RT examination sequences, belongs to the Owner’s
representative.
▫ Ultrasonic examination (UT) for all pressure welds (prior/after PWHT and after hydrotest),
▫ Positive Material Identification (PMI) on all alloyed material if any (cladding, overlay, etc.),
▫ Mill test report shall be supplied for all materials,
▫ Magnetic Particles Examination (MT) after PWHT,
▫ Dye penetrant examination (PT) of all weld overlay surfaces after PWHT,
▫ Hardness measurement.
▫ In case of cladding and/or weld overlay, Ferrite checking (magnetic ferriscope) in addition to ferrite
evaluation based upon sampling and chemical analysis. Acceptance criteria of ferrite content by
magnetic ferriscope shall be 3% to 10%. Magnetic instrument shall be calibrated and certified per
AWS A4-2.
7. VESSEL AGEING SURVEY
In the aim at being able to evaluate the Vessel Ageing after long term operations, it is recommended to
install some dedicated coupons into the equipment to be operated above 663 °F (350 °C). These
coupons, made from same plate as the one used for the vessel itself, shall be thought in term of design
to be similar with the shell wall behavior.
Moreover, they have to be properly localized into the process main stream so as to be submitted to
(representative) operating conditions as the pressure retaining parts will. Unless otherwise specified by
Owner or detail engineering, the design and positioning of the coupons will be proposed by the Vessel
Manufacturer.
PAGE 65 OF 65
APPENDIX V STANDARD MATERIAL SELECTION GUIDE

General Specification For Pressure Vessel - CONFEED

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General Specification For Pressure Vessel - CONFEED

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REFINING MAJOR PROJECTS GENERAL MANAGEMENT

PROJECT: RPLC DEEP CONVERSION – PHASE II PDVSA DOC. No.

CONFEED PDVSA PDVSA

For Approval / Incorporating PDVSA comment on

CONFEED PDVSA CHECKED BY PDVSA APPROVED BY

PREPARED BY: Akinori Sakurai

RPLC DEEP CONVERSION PROJECT

GENERAL SPECIFICATION FOR PRESSURE VESSELS

(2) This specification

(3) ASME Boiler and pressure Vessel Code Section VIII

(4) Other codes and standards

3.1 Project Specification & Standard

3006-5000-DM115103/S-000-1351-0003P General Specification for Nozzle Load

3.2 PDVSA Specification

3.3 ASME (American Society of Mechanical Engineers)

Section II PartA&C Material Specifications

3.4 ASME/ANSI (American National Standards Institute)

3.5 Process Industry Practices (PIP)

4.1.3 All vessels shall be designed to be freestanding.

4.2 Design Pressure & Design Temperature

4.3 MDMT & MAWP

4.4 Stress Evaluation

4.5 Corrosion Allowance

4.5.4 Clad / Weld Overlayed Equipment

4.6 Combinations of Loads

4.7 Wind Load Requirements

4.8 Seismic Loads Requirements

4.9 Supports and External Attachments

4.9.3 Skirts shall be provided with openings for ventilation.

4.10 Vessel Drawings and Calculations

4.10.4 The Manufacturer shall also furnish:

(6) Hydraulic bolt tensioning shall be applied in the following cases:

ALL 1500 LB and over 8” and over

ALL 2500 LB and over 4” and over

ALL ALL 2” and over

Hydrogen 1500 LB and over 1 1/2” and over

Lethal ALL 1” and over

4.11.12 Screwed piping shall not be used.

(1) Hydrogen service, Wet H2S service

(2) Design temperature above 752°F (400°C) in other services

(3) Flange Rating 600 LB and greater

(4) Low alloy steels with thickness 25 mm and greater

(5) Carbon steel with thickness 40 mm and greater

Nominal Reinf. Nozzle Neck

1-1/2” - 3.3 4.3 4.8 5.3 6.3 9.3

2” 160 3.5 4.5 5 5.5 6.5 160 9.5 XXS

3” 190 4.9 40 5.9 80 6.4 80 6.9 7.9 10.9

4” 220 5.3 6.3 6.8 7.3 80 8.3 11.3 160

6” 300 6.3 7.3 8.8 8.3 9.3 80 12.3

8” 400 7.2 8.2 8.7 9.2 10.2 13.2

10” 500 8.2 9.2 9.7 10.2 11.2 14.2

12” 600 8.4 9.4 9.9 10.4 11.4 14.4 80

4.12 Inspection and Access Openings

4.12.2 Manholes shall be usable from a ladder, platform or grade

Vessel Inside Diameter Manhole Size

5.1.10 Carbon-1/2 Mo steel shall not be used.

5.2 Bolting and Gaskets

Design Temperature °F (°C) Stud Nuts

SA–320 Gr. L–7 SA–194 Gr. 4

SA–193 Gr. B–7 SA–194 Gr. 2H

SA–193 Gr. B–16 SA–194 Gr. 7

5.3 Skirt for Stainless Steel or other High–Alloy Vessel

(1) > 50 ppmw dissolved H2S in the free water, or,