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GUIA I
EJERCICIOS RESUELTOS
DE
CALCULO
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2
MATEMATICA II
GUIA I
EJERCICIOS RESUELTOS
DE
CALCULO
SIBIUDO
3
MATEMATICA II, GUIA I EJERCICIOS RESUELTOS DE CALCULO
Depósito Legal:
4
A manera de presentación
resplan40@hotmail.com
5
MATEMATICA II
FUNCIONES INVERSAS
ó ( á . 14)
2. − ( ) = + 1
1. − ( ) = 4 − 3 3 3. − ( ) = +5
4. − ( ) = + 1 5. − ( ) = ln ( − 3) 6. − ( ) = −2
4
7. − ( ) = 2 − − 8. − ( ) = −6 + 9 9. − ( ) = ( − 1)
2 −3 3 −1
14. − ( ) = 15. − ( ) =
13. − ( ) = √5 − 1 +2 +2
3 +4 +2
16. − ( ) = 17. − ( ) =
2 +6 1−3 18. − ( ) = +3 −1
19. − ( ) = 6 − −
( ) = ( ) = ( á . 22)
1. − ( ) = √ + 1 2. − ( ) = 1 + +2 3.- ( ) = 1 + −2
1
4. − ( ) = ( − 2) + 5 5. − ( ) = 1 − ( − 2) 6. − ( ) = 1+ +1
2 +2+8
8. − ( ) = − √3 + 1 9. − ( ) =
7. − ( ) = √ + 1 3
+2+9
10. − ( ) = √ √
11. − ( ) = 5
6
á é
( á . 35).
, í , , ,
, á
é ( á . 41).
3. − = cos +
1. − = sen( ) 2. − cos( ) 2
3 3
4. − = sen − 5. − = tan 2 + 6. − = + sen −
4 3 4 2 6
7. − − 3 = cos 2 − 8. − = 1 + sen 9. − = 2 + 3 cos −
3 3 2
+
10. − = 1 + 3 tan
6
( á . 59)
1. − = sen 3 + 2. − = (3 − 1) 3. − =
2
4. − = 4 − 3x 5. − = ln( + ) 6. − = ln( . )
7. − = 1−6 8. − = + 9. −2 −3 +4 = √3
− 11. − − =1−3
10. − = 12. − = sen( )
+
7
ó ( á . 64)
1. − = sen 7 − 2. − = 3. − = sec (3 + 2)
2
4. − = log √ − 1 5. − = sen 6. − = sen(cos ( + 1))
9. − tan +2 =
7. − = √ 8. − = ln( + )
16. − = −
2 17. − = ln( ) 18. − = ln(tan ( ))
+ sen
2
1 + sen .
19. − = ln 20. − ln( + ) = + 21. − ln( + ) = +
1 − sen
31. − = 10 cos( )
ℎ ó ( . 75)
8
16. − 1 1
= [sech (3 ). cosh (3 )] 17. − = sech 8. − senh ( + ) = tanh
1
20. − =
19. − = ln senh √
tanh ln (3 )
( á . 81)
2
1. − ( √ + 8 − 3) 2. − (2 √ − √ − ) 3. −
( +2 )
4. − 5. − √ ( + ) 6. −
sec ( )
( +5 −6 + 8)
7. − +2 8. − tan( ) 9. −
31. 1 1
32. − 33. − (1 + )
+ (10 +5 ) √ (√ − 3)
(√ − 1) ) −2 36. − ( + 1)
34. − 35. −
√ √
3
37. − 38. − (3 − ) 39. − √3 + ( + 1)
(1 − 3 )
40. − 41. − 42. −
1 ( + 1) ( + 3)
(1 + )
2 √ +2 +2 (9 − )
43. −
1 −1 1 −1
44. − (2 − 1) 45. − ( )
+
9
√2 +3 (2 + 3)
46. − 47. − ( + 2) 48. −
√ +3
49. − √ 1+ √ 50. − ( − 3) 51. −
( + )
52.-
+2 1 cot(3 )
− 53. − 54. −
sec(2 ) sen (3 )
55.- 57.-
cot( ) csc( ) 56. − tan( ) sec ( ) sec (sec − tan )
é ( á . 98)
1. − 2. − 3. −
√2 − 5 √2 + − + 2 + 10
4. − 5. − 6. −
+3 √4 −9 √1 −
( + 2)
7. − 8. − 9. −
√ −1 + √4 − 2 −
sec( )tan( )
10. − 11. − 12. −
+ 10 + 30 4 − ( + 2) 9 − 4 sec ( )
cos( )
13. − 14. − 15. −
1 + sen ( ) √20 + 8 − √2 −
16. − 17. − 18. −
√ (1 + ) 1 − ln ( ) √1 −
cos( )sen( )
19. − 20. − 21. −
+ 25 1 + sen ( ) 4 −4 +2
2 sen(4 ) csc (3 )
22. − 23. − 24. −
1 + sen (2 ) 25 + cot (3 ) √12 − 4 −
25. − 26. −
√1 − √9 − 4
10
í ( á . 106).
1. − 2. − 3. −
1+ ln
ln( ) cos ln( ) sen( )
4. − 5. − 6. −
cos( )
( + 1)
7. − tan( ) 8. − 9. −
( − 5)
( ) ( + sec ) ( + + 1)
10. − sec ( ) 11. − 12. −
(tan + )
√ √
13. − 14. − 15. −
1+ √ 4−
√ +1
( + )
16. − 17. − 18. −
( − ) ln√ +1
√ +1 ln( )
20. − 21. −
19. − (1 + ln( ))
√
23. − 1
22. − 24. − ( + )
+1 (2 + 1)10( )
26. −
25. − 27. −
(1 − 2 ) (1 + ln ) +3
(2 + ln )
28. − 29. − ( − ) 30. − ( − 1)
(1 − ln )
31. − 32. − ( − ) 33. −
+ √
34. − 35. − 36. −
3− (ln ) √ +1
37. − 38. − 39. −
( ) sec cot(ln )
40. − sen(2 ) 41. − 42. −
csc
( á . 117)
1. − = 6 − 3 2. − =3 3. − = −
√ −3 5. − = (2 + 1) 6. − =3 +4 −6
4. − =
( + 2)
7. − = 9. − = 5 +1
(3 − ) 8. − = √2 − 3
11
10. − = ( − 4) 11. − = −9 sen(3 ) 12. − =( − 1)
14. − 15. −
13. − = ( + 1)( + 2)
( + 5) − ( − 2) = 0 − (1 + ) =0
17. − 18. −
16. −( − 1) + =0 ( − 2) + (2 + 3) ( + 4) ( + 3) =0
=0
19. − 20. −
cos + sen =0 (3 − ) + 2 =0
12
Problemas Resueltos Derivada y existencia de funciones inversas
FUNCIONES INVERSAS
ó :
ó ( , ), ó ,
, ó , ( , )
= ( ) ⟺ = ( ) .
1. − ú ó ( ) = , = ( ) á
[ ( )] =
2. − , ó ( ) = , = ( )
[ ( )] = [ ( )] =
( ) ó [ , ], :
1. − ( ) [ , ], ( ) ( ) á
[ ( ), ( )]
2. − ( ) [ , ], ( ) á
[ ( ), ( )]
ó ,
ó ó . ó .
[ , ] :
) ( ) > 0 .
) ( ) < 0 .
13
Problemas Resueltos Derivada y existencia de funciones inversas
, ó
í ó . , ( ) = + + 10 ,
( )=5 +3 + 10 . ( ) > 0 , ó
ó [ , ]. é ∈ [ , ] ( ) = .
1
( ) ( ) ≠ 0, ( ) ( ) ( )( )= ∙
( )
: á é
ó .
EJERCICIOS
1. − ó ( ) = 4 − 3 .
ó : = ( ) = 4 − 3 ⇒ ( )=4
í ( ) > 0, ∀ , ,
2. − ó ( )= + 1 .
3
1
ó : = ( ) = + 1 ⇒ ( )=
3 3
í ( ) > 0, ∀ , ,
14
Problemas Resueltos Derivada y existencia de funciones inversas
3. − ó ( )= + 5 .
ó : = ( ) = + 5 ⇒ ( )=2
ó .
4. − ó ( )= + 1 .
ó : = ( ) = + 1 ⇒ ( )=3
5. − ó ( ) = ln ( − 3) .
1
ó : = (3, ∞) ( ) = ln( − 3) ⇒ ( )=
−3
6. − ó ( )= −2 .
4
ó : = ( ) = −2 ⇒ ( )= −4
4
( ) = ( − 4) = ( − 2)( + 2)
ó .
15
Problemas Resueltos Derivada y existencia de funciones inversas
7. − ó ( )=2− − .
ó : = ( ) = 2 − − ⇒ ( ) = −1 − 3
í ( ) < 0, ∀
ó .
8. − ó ( )= −6 + 9 .
ó : = ( ) = −6 + 9 ⇒ ( )=3 − 12 + 9
( ) = 3( − 4 + 3) = 3( − 3)( − 1)
ó .
9. − ó ( )=( − 1) .
ó : = ( ) = ( − 1) ⇒ ( ) = 2( − 1)(2 )
( ) = 4 ( − 1)( + 1)
ó .
ó : ( , ) ∈ ( ), ( , ) ∈ ( )
, (1, ) ∈ ( ) ⇒ ( , 1) ∈ ( )
í 2 + 8 + 7 = 1 ⇒ 2 + 8 + 6 = 0
2( + 4 + 3) = 0 ⇒ 2( + 3)( + 1) = 0 ⇒ = −1, = −3
< −2, ó á = −3
16
Problemas Resueltos Derivada y existencia de funciones inversas
( ) = 4 + 8 ⇒ (−3) = −12 + 8 = −4
1 1
( ) (1) = = −
(−3) 4
ó : ( , ) ∈ ( ), ( , ) ∈ ( )
, (2, ) ∈ ( ) ⇒ ( , 2) ∈ ( ), í 2 − − = 2 ⇒ − − = 0
− (1 + ) = 0 ⇒ = 0, ( ) = −1 − 3 ⇒ (0) = −1
1 1
( ) (2) = = = −1
(0) −1
12. − ( ) = (5 − 1) ≥ 0, ( ) (1).
ó : ( , ) ∈ ( ), ( , ) ∈ ( )
, (1, ) ∈ ( ) ⇒ ( , 1) ∈ ( )
2
í (5 − 1) = 1 ⇒ 5 − 1 = 1 ⇒ =
5
2 2
≥ 0, ó = ( ) = 10(5 − 1) ⇒ = 10
5 5
1 1
( ) (1) = =
10
13. − ( ) = √5 − 1 , ( ) (1).
ó : ( , ) ∈ ( ), ( , ) ∈ ( )
, (1, ) ∈ ( ) ⇒ ( , 1) ∈ ( )
2
í √5 − 1 = 1 ⇒ 5 − 1 = 1 ⇒ =
5
5 2 5 5
( ) = ⇒ = =
2√5 − 1 5 2√2 − 1 2
17
Problemas Resueltos Derivada y existencia de funciones inversas
1 1 2
( ) (1) = = =
5
2 −3
14. − ( )= , ( ) (0).
+2
ó : ( , ) ∈ ( ), ( , ) ∈ ( )
, (0, ) ∈ ( ) ⇒ ( , 0) ∈ ( )
2 −3 3
í = 0 ⇒ 2 − 3 = 0 ⇒ =
+2 2
7 3 7 4
( ) = ⇒ = =
( + 2) 2 7
+2
1 1 7
( ) (0) = = =
4
3 −1
15. − ( )= , ( ) (0).
+2
ó : ( , ) ∈ ( ), ( , ) ∈ ( )
, (0, ) ∈ ( ) ⇒ ( , 0) ∈ ( )
3 −1 1
í = 0 ⇒ 3 − 1 = 0 ⇒ =
+2 3
7 1 7 9
( ) = ⇒ = =
( + 2) 3 7
+2
1 1 7
( ) (0) = = =
9
3 +4
16. − ( )= , ( ) (1).
2 +6
ó : ( , ) ∈ ( ), ( , ) ∈ ( )
, (1, ) ∈ ( ) ⇒ ( , 1) ∈ ( )
3 +4
í = 1 ⇒ 3 + 4 = 2 + 6 ⇒ = 2
2 +6
18
Problemas Resueltos Derivada y existencia de funciones inversas
10 10 1
( ) = ⇒ (2) = =
(2 + 6) (4 + 6) 10
1 1
( ) (1) = = = 10
(2)
+2
17. − ( )= , ( ) (1).
1−3
ó : ( , ) ∈ ( ), ( , ) ∈ ( )
, (1, ) ∈ ( ) ⇒ ( , 1) ∈ ( )
+2 1
í = 1 ⇒ + 2 = 1 − 3 ⇒ = −
1−3 4
7 1 7 7 16
( ) = ⇒ − = = =
(1 − 3 ) 4 7
1+
1 1 7
( ) (1) = = =
− 16
18. − ( ) = +3 −1∶
.−
.− á (1,3).
.− á ( ) (3,1).
.− á .
ó : = , ( ) = + 3 − 1 ⇒ ( )=3 + 3
( ) > 0 ∀ ∈ , ó
ó : ( ) = + 3 − 1 ⇒ ( )=3 + 3, í
á (1,3) (1) = 6.
ó : á ( ) (3,1)
1 1
[ (3)] = =
(1) 6
19
Problemas Resueltos Derivada y existencia de funciones inversas
ó ∶ á
á :
0 -1 -1 0
1 3 3 1
2 13 13 2
-1 -5 -5 -1
-2 -15 -15 -2
á á
á ó .
19. − ( ) = 6 − − ∶
.−
.− á (2, −4).
.− á ( ) (−4, 2).
.− á .
ó : = , ( ) = 6− − ⇒ ( ) = −1 − 3
( ) < 0 ∀ ∈ , ó
ó , ó
í ó .
20
Problemas Resueltos Derivada y existencia de funciones inversas
ó : ( ) = 6 − − ⇒ ( ) = −1 − 3 , í
ó : á ( ) (−4, 2)
1 1
[ (−4)] = = −
(2) 13
ó ∶ á
á :
0 6 6 0
1 4 4 1
2 -4 -4 2
-1 8 8 -1
-2 16 16 -2
á á
á ó .
21
Problemas resueltos ( ) = ( ) =
( ) = ( ) =
1. − ( ) = √ + 1, ( ). [ ( )] =
[ ( )] = .
ó . = √ + 1 , − 1 = √ ⟹ [ − 1] =
ó á ( ) = ( − 1)
( ) = ( − 1)
.− [ ( )] = ,
( ) =√ +1
[ ( )] = [( ( )) − 1]
[ ( )] = √ + 1 − 1 ⟹ [ ( )] = √ =
( )=√ +1
.− [ ( )] =
( ) = ( − 1)
[ ( )] = ( )+1
[ ( )] = ( − 1) + 1 ⟹ [ ( )] = ( − 1) + 1 =
2. − ( ) = 1 + +2 , ( ). [ ( )] =
[ ( )] = .
ó : = 1 + +2 − 1 = +2 ⟹ ( − 1) = + 2
( − 1) − 2 = ⟹ = ( − 1) − 2
ó ( ) = ( − 1) − 2
⎧ ( ) = ( − 1) − 2
.− [ ( )] = , .
⎨
⎩ ( ) = 1 + +2
[ ( )] = ( ( ) − 1) − 2
22
Problemas resueltos ( ) = ( ) =
[ ( )] = 1 + +2 −1 −2 ⟹ [ ( )] = +2 −2
[ ( )] = +2 −2 = =
⎧ ( ) = 1 + +2
.− [ ( )] = ,
⎨
⎩ ( ) = ( − 1) − 2
[ ( )] = 1 + ( ) + 2 ⟹ 1 + ( − 1) − 2 +2
1 + ( − 1) − 2 +2 = 1 + ( − 1) − 2 + 2
[ ( )] = 1 + ( − 1) ⟹ [ ( )] = 1 + ( − 1) =
3. − ( ) = 1 + −2 ( ). [ ( )] =
[ ( )] = .
ó : = 1 + −2 − 1 = −2 ⟹ ( − 1) = − 2
( − 1) + 2 = ⟹ = ( − 1) + 2
ó ( ) = ( − 1) + 2
⎧
⎪ ( ) = ( − 1) + 2
.− [ ( )] = ,
⎨
⎪ ( ) = 1 + −2
⎩
[ ( )] = ( ( ) − 1) + 2
23
Problemas resueltos ( ) = ( ) =
[ ( )] = 1 + −2 −1 + 2 ⟹ [ ( )] = −2 +2
[ ( )] = −2 +2 = =
⎧
⎪ ( ) = 1 + −2
.− [ ( )] = ,
⎨
⎪ ( ) = ( − 1) + 2
⎩
[ ( )] = 1 + ( ) −2
[ ( )] = 1 + ( − 1) + 2 −2
1 + ( − 1) + 2 − 2 = 1 + ( − 1)
[ ( )] = 1 + ( − 1) =
4. − ( ) = ( − 2) + 5 ( ). [ ( )] =
[ ( )] = .
ó : = ( − 2) + 5 , = ( − 2) + 5
− 5 = ( − 2) ⟹ − 5 = − 2 ⟹ − 5 + 2 =
= −5+2
ó ( ) = −5+2
( ) = −5+2
.− [ ( )] =
( ) = ( − 2) + 5
24
Problemas resueltos ( ) = ( ) =
[ ( )] = [ ( )] − 5 + 2 ⟹ [ ( )] = ( − 2) + 5 −5+2
[ ( )] = [( − 2) + 5] − 5 + 2
[ ( )] = ( − 2) + 2 = ( − 2) + 2 = ( )=
( ) = ( − 2) + 5
.− [ ( )] =
( ) = −5+2
[ ( )] = −5+2 −2 +5
[ ( )] = −5+2 −2 +5
[ ( )] = −5 + 5 = ( − 5) + 5 = =
5. − ( ) = 1 − ( − 2) ( ). [ ( )] =
[ ( )] = .
ó : = 1 − ( − 2) = 1 − ( − 2)
− 1 = −( − 2) ⟹ 1 − = ( − 2) ⟹ 1 − = − 2
1 − + 2 = ó ( )= 1 − +2
( )= 1 − +2
.− [ ( )] =
( ) = 1 − ( − 2)
[ ( )] = 1 − [ ( )] + 2
[ ( )] = 1 − 1 − ( − 2) + 2 = 1 − [1 − ( − 2) ] + 2
[ ( )] = 1 − 1 + ( − 2) + 2 = ( − 2) + 2 = ( − 2) + 2 =
25
Problemas resueltos ( ) = ( ) =
( ) = 1 − ( − 2)
.− [ ( )] =
( )= 1 − +2
[ ( )] = 1 − ( ( ) − 2)
[ ( )] = 1 − 1 − +2 −2
[ ( )] = 1 − 1 − +2−2
[ ( )] = 1 − 1 − = 1 − (1 − )=
1
6. − ( ) = 1+ + 1 ( ). [ ( )] =
[ ( )] = .
1 1
ó : = 1+ + 1 = 1+ +1
1 1 1
−1= 1+ ⟹ − 1 = 1 + ⟹ − 1 − 1 =
1 1
= ⟹ =
−1−1
−1−1
1
ó ( )=
−1−1
1
⎧ ( )=
⎪
⎪
−1−1
) [ ( )] =
⎨
⎪ 1
⎪ ( ) = 1+ +1
⎩
26
Problemas resueltos ( ) = ( ) =
1
[ ( )] =
( ( )) − 1 − 1
1
[ ( )] =
1+ +1 −1−1
1 1 1
[ ( )] = = =
1+ −1
1+ +1−1−1 1+ −1
1 1
[ ( )] = = =
⎧ 1
⎪ ( ) = 1+ +1
⎪
) [ ( )] = 1
⎨ ( )=
⎪
⎪ −1−1
⎩
1
[ ( )] = 1+ +1
( )
⎡ ⎤
⎢⎛ ⎞ ⎥
⎢⎜ ⎟ ⎥
⎢⎜ ⎟ ⎥
⎢⎜ 1 ⎟ ⎥
[ ( )] = ⎢⎜1 + ⎟ + 1⎥
⎢⎜ ⎟ ⎥
⎢⎜ ⎛ ⎞ ⎟ ⎥
⎢⎜ ⎜ ⎟ ⎟ ⎥
⎢ ⎥
⎣⎝ ⎝ ⎠ ⎠ ⎦
27
Problemas resueltos ( ) = ( ) =
⎡ ⎤
⎢⎛ 1 ⎞ ⎥
[ ( )] = ⎢⎜1 + ⎟ + 1⎥
⎢ ⎥
⎣⎝ ⎠ ⎦
[ ( )] = 1+ −1−1 +1 = −1 +1 = −1 +1
[ ( )] = =
7. − ( ) = √ + 1 ( ). [ ( )] =
[ ( )] = .
ó : = √ + 1 = √ +1
− 1 = √ ⟹ −1 =
ó ( )= −1
( )= −1
) [ ( )] =
( ) = √ + 1
[ ( )] = ( ( )) − 1 ⟹ [ ( )] = √ +1 −1
[ ( )] = √ +1 −1 = √ =
( ) = √ + 1
) [ ( )] =
( )= −1
[ ( )] = ( ( )) + 1
[ ( )] = −1 +1 = −1+1 = =
28
Problemas resueltos ( ) = ( ) =
2
8. − ( ) = − √3 + 1 ( ). [ ( )] =
3
[ ( )] = .
2 2
ó : = − √3 + 1 = − √3 + 1
3 3
2 2 2
= − √3 + 1 ⟹ − = √3 + 1 ⟹ − = 3 + 1
3 3 3
2 1 2
− − 1 = 3 ⟹ − − 1 =
3 3 3
1 2
ó ( ) = − −1
3 3
⎧ 1 2
⎪ ( ) = − −1
3 3
) [ ( )] =
⎨ 2
⎪ ( ) = − √3 + 1
⎩ 3
1 2
[ ( )] = − ( ) −1
3 3
1 2 2
[ ( )] = − − √3 + 1 −1
3 3 3
1 2 2 1
[ ( )] = − + √3 + 1 − 1 = [3 + 1 − 1]
3 3 3 3
1
[ ( )] = (3 ) =
3
⎧ 2
⎪ ( ) = − √3 + 1
3
) [ ( )] =
⎨ 1 2
⎪ ( ) = − −1
⎩ 3 3
2
[ ( )] = − 3( ( )) + 1
3
29
Problemas resueltos ( ) = ( ) =
2 1 2
[ ( )] = − 3 − −1 +1
3 3 3
2 2 2 2
[ ( )] = − − −1+1 = − −
3 3 3 3
2 2
[ ( )] = − + = =
3 3
+2+8
9. − ( ) = ( ). [ ( )] =
+2+9
[ ( )] = .
+2+8
ó : =
+2+9
+2+9 = + 2 + 8 ⟹ +2 +9 = +2+8
+2 − + 2 = 8 − 9 ⟹ + 2 ( − 1) = 8 − 9
8−9 8−9
+ 2 = ⟹ + 2 =
−1 −1
8−9 8−9
= − 2 ⟹ = −2
−1 −1
8−9
ó ( )= −2
−1
30
Problemas resueltos ( ) = ( ) =
⎧ 8−9
( )= −2
⎪
⎪ −1
) [ ( )] =
⎨ +2+8
⎪ ( ) =
⎪
⎩ +2+9
8−9 ( )
[ ( )] = −2
( )−1
⎡ ⎤
⎢⎛8 − 9 ⎞ ⎥
⎢ ⎥
[ ( )] = ⎢⎜⎜
⎟
⎟ − 2⎥
⎢⎜ ⎟ ⎥
−1
⎢ ⎥
⎣⎝ ⎠ ⎦
⎡ ⎤
⎢ ⎛8 +2+9 −9 +2+8
⎞ ⎥
[ ( )] = ⎢⎜ ⎟ − 2⎥
⎢⎜ ⎟ ⎥
⎢ +2+8 − +2+9 ⎥
⎣⎝ ⎠ ⎦
⎡ ⎤
⎢⎛8 + 2 + 72 − 9 + 2 − 72
⎞ ⎥
[ ( )] = ⎢⎜ ⎟ − 2⎥
⎢⎜ ⎟ ⎥
⎢ +2 +8− +2 −9 ⎥
⎣⎝ ⎠ ⎦
⎡ ⎤
⎢⎛− +2
⎞ ⎥
[ ( )] = ⎢⎜ ⎟ − 2⎥ = +2 −2
⎢⎜ −1 ⎟ ⎥
⎢ ⎥
⎣⎝ ⎠ ⎦
[ ( )] = +2−2 = =
⎧ +2+8
⎪
⎪ ( ) =
) [ ( )] = +2+9
⎨
⎪
⎪ 8−9
( )= −2
⎩ −1
31
Problemas resueltos ( ) = ( ) =
( ( )) + 2 + 8
[ ( )] =
( ( )) + 2 + 9
−2 +2+8
[ ( )] =
−2 +2+9
−2+2+8 +8
[ ( )] = =
−2+2+9 +9
+8 8−9 +8 −8 −
[ ( )] = = = =
+9 8 − 9 + 9 − 9 −1
10. − ( ) = √ ( ). [ ( )] =
[ ( )] = .
ó : = √ ln = ln √ ⟹ ln = √ +1
ln = + 1 ⟹ ln − 1 =
ó ( ) = [ln ( )] − 1
( ) = [ln ( )] − 1
.− [ ( )] =
( )= √
[ ( )] = ln ( ) − 1
[ ( )] = ln ( √ ) − 1 ⟹ [ ( )] = √ + 1 − 1
[ ( )] = ( + 1) − 1 =
( )= √
.− [ ( )] =
( ) = [ln ( )] − 1
( ) [ ( )]
[ ( )] = ⟹ [ ( )] =
32
Problemas resueltos ( ) = ( ) =
[ ( )] ( )
[ ( )] = ⟹ [ ( )] = =
11. − ( ) = 5 √ ( ). [ ( )] =
[ ( )] = .
ó : = 5 √ ln( ) = √3 + 1 ln 5
ln ln 1 ln
= √3 + 1 ⟹ = 3 + 1 ⟹ −1 =
ln 5 ln 5 3 ln 5
1 ln
ó ( )= −1
3 ln 5
⎧ 1 ln
⎪ ( )= − 1
) [ ( )] = 3 ln 5
⎨
⎪ √
⎩ ( )=5
1 ln ( ) 1 ln 5 √
[ ( )] = − 1 = ⎛ − 1 ⎞
3 ln 5 3 ln 5
⎝ ⎠
1 ln 5( )
1 (3 + 1) ln 5 1
[ ( )] = − 1 = − 1 = ((3 + 1) − 1 )
3 ln 5 3 ln 5 3
1 1
[ ( )] = (3 + 1) − 1 = (3 ) =
3 3
( )=5 √
⎧
⎪
) [ ( )] = 1 ln
⎨ ( )= − 1
⎪ 3 ln 5
⎩
( )
[ ( )] = ( ) = 5
[ ( )] = 5 = 5 = 5
33
Problemas resueltos ( ) = ( ) =
[ ( )] = 5 =5 =5
ln
[ ( )] = 5 ⟹ ln( [ ( )]) = ln(5) ⟹ ln( [ ( )]) = ln ( )
ln 5
[ ( )] =
34
Problemas resueltos Gráficas de funciones trigonométricas y de sus inversas
1. − = sen( )
á sen( ) arcsen( )
( )
( ) = sen( ) ⇒ ( ) = cos ( )
∀ ∈ − , , ( ) = cos( ) ≥ 0 ( ) ≥ 0 − , .
2 2 2 2
( ) − , , .
2 2
í ( ): sen( ) = −1 ⇒ = − , − , −1
2 2
á ( ): sen( ) = 1 ⇒ = , ,1
2 2
sen( ) = 0 ⇒ = 0 , (0, 0)
( ) á ( ) = arcsen .
( ) = sen( ) = arcsen( )
= − , = [−1,1]
2 2
= [−1,1] = − ,
2 2
35
Problemas resueltos Gráficas de funciones trigonométricas y de sus inversas
2. − = cos ( )
á cos( ) arccos( )
( )
( ) = cos( ) ⇒ ( ) = −sen( )
( ) [0, ],
í ( ): cos( ) = −1 ⇒ = , ( , −1)
á ( ): cos( ) = 1 ⇒ = 0 , (0, 1)
cos( ) = 0 ⇒ = , ,0
2 2
( )= ( ) á ( ) = arccos( ).
( ) = cos( ) = arccos( )
= [0, ] = [−1, 1]
= [−1,1] = [0, ]
36
Problemas resueltos Gráficas de funciones trigonométricas y de sus inversas
3. − = tan ( )
á tan( ) arctan( )
( )
sen ( )
( ) = tan( ) ⇒ ( ) = , ( ) = sec ( ) > 0 − , .
cos ( ) 2 2
( ) = tan( ) − ,
2 2
( ) = arctan( ).
= ⇒ cos = 0 í tan( ) á =
2 2 2
= − ⇒ cos − = 0 í tan( ) á = −
2 2 2
→ ⇒ → ∞, → − ⇒ → − ∞
2 2
( ) = tan( ) ( ) = arctan( )
= − , = (−∞, ∞)
2 2
= (−∞, ∞) = − ,
2 2
37
Problemas resueltos Gráficas de funciones trigonométricas y de sus inversas
4. − = sec( )
á sec( ) arcsec( )
( )
1
( ) = sec( ) = , á =
cos ( ) 2
sen
( ) = sec( ) ( ) = , ∀ ∈ 0, ∪ , ],
cos 2 2
sen > 0
∈ 0, ⇒ ⇒ ( ) > 0 0,
2 cos > 0 ⇒ cos >0 2
>0
∈ , ] ⇒ ⇒ ( ) > 0 , ]
2 cos < 0 ⇒ cos >0 2
sec( ) , ( ) = arcsec( ).
1 1
= 0, = = 1, í sec(0) = 1 , (0,1)
cos ( ) cos (0)
1 1
s = , = = −1 , í sec( ) = −1 , ( , −1)
cos ( ) cos ( )
( ) = sec( ) = arcsec( )
= 0, ∪ , ] = (−∞, −1] ∪ [1, ∞)
2 2
= (−∞, −1] ∪ [1, ∞) = 0, ∪ , ]
2 2
38
Problemas resueltos Gráficas de funciones trigonométricas y de sus inversas
5. − = csc( )
á csc( ) arccsc( )
( )
1
( ) = csc( ) = , í csc( ) á = 0
sen( )
cos
( ) = csc( ) ⇒ ( ) = − ∈ − , 0) ∪ 0,
sen 2 2
csc( ) ( )= ( )
1 1
= − , ⇒ = −1 − , −1
2 sen( ) sen − 2
1 1
= , ⇒ = 1 ,1
2 sen( ) sen 2
1
∀ ∈ 0, , sen( ) > 0, lim = ∞ → 0 ⇒ → ∞
2 → sen( )
1
∀ ∈ − , 0) , sen( ) < 0, lim = −∞ → 0 ⇒ → − ∞
2 → sen( )
( ) = csc( ) = arccsc( )
= − , 0) ∪ 0, = (−∞, −1] ∪ [1, ∞)
2 2
= (−∞, −1] ∪ [1, ∞) = − , 0) ∪ 0,
2 2
39
Problemas resueltos Gráficas de funciones trigonométricas y de sus inversas
6. − = cot ( )
á cot( ) arccot( )
( )
cos( )
( ) = cot( ) ⇒ ( ) = , í = 0 =
sen ( )
1
( ) = cot( ) ( )=− < 0, í cot( )
sen ( )
(0, ) á ( ) = arccot( ).
√2 √2
= ⇒ sen = , cos = , í cot = 1. ,1
4 4 2 4 2 4 4
cos( )
∀ ∈ (0, ) , → 0 → ∞
sen ( )
cos( )
∀ ∈ (0, ) , → → −∞
sen( )
( ) = cot( ) = arccot( )
= (0, ) = (−∞, ∞)
= (−∞, ∞) = (0, )
40
Problemas resueltos Amplitud, período, desfase, dominio y rango
"A" , í á ( )
A, = ‖ ‖.
"b" í ó ó
2
= . í á ñ ( + ) = ( ).
‖ ‖
á í .
"c" á .
> 0 á . < 0
ℎ ℎ .
1. − = sen( )
.− , í .
.− ó . .
.− ó .
.− .
| | = |1| = 1
⎧ 2
ó : = sen( ) ⇒ = 1 í : = , = 2 ,
⎨ ‖1‖
⎩ : = 0 ,
41
Problemas resueltos Amplitud, período, desfase, dominio y rango
ó : sen( ) = −1 ⇒ = − , sen( ) = 1 ⇒ x =
2 2
= − , , = [−1, 1]
2 2
, = sen( ) = arcsen( )
ó : á = sen( ) = arcsen( )
2. − Si ( ) = cos( )
.− , í .
.− ó . .
.− ó .
.− .
| | = |1| = 1
2 2
ó : ( ) = cos( ) ⇒ í : = , = , = 2
1
: = 0 ,
ó : cos( ) = −1 ⇒ = , cos( ) = 1 ⇒ = 0
= [0, ], = [−1, 1]
í = [−1, 1] = [0, ]
42
Problemas resueltos Amplitud, período, desfase, dominio y rango
ó :
arccos( ) = ⇒ = arccos( )
í = cos( ) = arccos( )
ó : á = cos( ) = arccos( )
3. − Si ( ) = cos( + )
2
.− , í .
.− ó . .
.− ó .
.− .
ó :
| | = |1| = 1
⎧
⎪ 2 2
í : = , = , = 2
1
⎨
⎪ : + = 0 , = −
⎩ 2 2
á − ℎ .
2
ó : cos( + ) = −1 ⇒ + = ⇒ =
2 2 2
43
Problemas resueltos Amplitud, período, desfase, dominio y rango
cos( + ) = 1 ⇒ + = 0 ⇒ = −
2 2 2
= − , , = [−1, 1]
2 2
í = [−1, 1] = − ,
2 2
ó :
í = cos( + ) = arccos( ) −
2 2
4. − = sen −
4
.− , í .
.− ó . .
44
Problemas resueltos Amplitud, período, desfase, dominio y rango
.− ó .
.− .
ó : = sen − ⇒ = sen −
4 4
| | = |1| = 1
⎧ 2 2
⎪ í : = , = , = 8
⎨
⎪ π π
⎩ : − π = 0 , = π, =4
4 4
4 ℎ ℎ .
π π
ó : sen − π = −1 ⇒ − π = − ⇒ = 2
4 4 2
π π
sen − π = 1 ⇒ − π = ⇒ = 6
4 4 2
ó ∶
π
= sin − ⇒ arcsen = arcsen sen − π ⇒ arcsen( ) = −
4 4 4
4
4 arcsen( ) + 4 = ⇒ = arcsen( ) + 4
4
Luego, la inversa de = sen − = arcsen( ) + 4
4
4
ó : á ( ) = sen − ( )= arcsen( ) + 4
4
45
Problemas resueltos Amplitud, período, desfase, dominio y rango
5. − ó = tan(2 + )
3
.− , í .
.− ó . .
.− ó .
.− .
ó : = tan(2 + )
3
| | = ∞
⎧
⎪ í : = , =
2
⎨
⎪ : 2 + = 0 , 2x = − ⇒ = −
⎩ 3 3 6
á tan( ) á =− ℎ .
6
ó : − .
tan(2 + ) = tan( ) = ∞ ⇒ 2 + = ⇒ =
3 2 3 2 12
5
tan(2 + ) = tan − = ∞ ⇒ 2 + = − ⇒ = −
3 2 3 2 12
46
Problemas resueltos Amplitud, período, desfase, dominio y rango
5
= − , = (−∞, ∞)
12 12
1
ó : á ( ) = tan 2 + ( ) = arctan − .
3 2 6
3 3
6. − Si = + sen −
4 2 6
.− , í .
.− ó . .
.− ó .
.− .
47
Problemas resueltos Amplitud, período, desfase, dominio y rango
3 3
ó ∶ Si = + sen −
4 2 6
| | = |1| = 1
⎧ 2 4
⎪ í : = , = .
3
⎨
⎪ 3 3 π π
⎩ : − = 0 , = , =
2 6 2 6 9
á á = ℎ ℎ
9
ó : − .
3 3 3 3 3 1
+ sen − = − 1 ⇒ + sen − = −
4 2 6 4 4 2 6 4
3 π
sen − = sen −
2 6 2
3 π 3 π 3 2π 2π
− = − ⇒ = − + ⇒ = − ⇒ = −
2 6 2 2 2 6 2 6 9
3 3 3 3 3 7
+ sen − = + 1 ⇒ + sen − =
4 2 6 4 4 2 6 4
3 π
sen − = sen
2 6 2
3 π 3 π 3 4π 4π
− = ⇒ = + ⇒ = ⇒ =
2 6 2 2 2 6 2 6 9
2π 4π 1 7
= − , = − ,
9 9 4 4
ó : ó
3 3 3 3
= + sen − ⇒ − = sen −
4 2 6 4 2 6
3 3 3 3
arcsen − = arcsen sen − ⇒ arcsen − = −
4 2 6 4 2 6
3 3 2 3
arcsen − + = ⇒ arcsen − + =
4 6 2 3 4 9
3 3 2 3
= + sen( − ) = + arcsen( − )
4 2 6 9 3 4
1 7 2π 4π
= − , , = − ,
4 4 9 9
48
Problemas resueltos Amplitud, período, desfase, dominio y rango
3 3 2 3
ó : ( ) = = + sen − ( )= + arcsen( − )
4 2 6 9 3 4
7. − ó − 3 = 2 −
3
.− , í .
.− ó . .
.− ó .
.− .
ó : − 3 = cos 2 − ⇒ = 3 + cos 2 −
3 3
| | = |1| = 1
⎧
⎪ 2
í : = , = .
2
⎨ π π
⎪ : 2 − = 0 , 2x = , x =
⎩ 3 3 6
á = ℎ ℎ .
6
ó .− .
3 + cos 2 − = 3−1= 2
3
4 2
cos 2 − = cos( ) ⇒ 2 − = ⇒ = , =
3 3 6 3
49
Problemas resueltos Amplitud, período, desfase, dominio y rango
3 + cos 2 − = 3+1= 4
3
cos 2 − = cos(0) ⇒ 2 − = 0 ⇒ 2 = , =
3 3 3 6
2
= , = [2, 4]
6 3
ó .− ó .
arccos( − 3) = 2 − ⇒ + arccos( − 3) = 2
3 3
1
+ arccos( − 3) =
6 2
1
− 3 = cos 2 − = + arccos(x − 3)
3 6 2
2
= [2, 4] , = ,
6 3
ó : − 3 = cos 2 −
3
1
= + arccos( − 3).
6 2
50
Problemas resueltos Amplitud, período, desfase, dominio y rango
8. − ó = 1 + sen
3
.− , í .
.− ó . .
.− ó .
.− .
ó : = 1 + sen
3
| | = |1| = 1
⎧
⎪ 2
í : = , = 6.
⎨
⎪
⎩ : = 0
= 1 + sen á .
3
ó .− ó .
1 + sen = 1−1= 0
3
3
sen = sen − ⇒ = − = −
3 2 3 2 2
1 + sen = 1+1= 2
3
3
sen = sen ⇒ = =
3 2 3 2 2
3 3
= − , , = [0,2]
2 2
ó .− ó .
51
Problemas resueltos Amplitud, período, desfase, dominio y rango
3
arcsen( − 1) = ⇒ arcsen( − 1) =
3
3
Así que la inversa de = 1 + sen es = arcsen( − 1)
3
3 3
= [0,2] , = − ,
2 2
ó ∶
9. − ó = 2 + 3cos −
2
.− , í .
.− ó . .
.− ó .
.− .
| | = |3| = 3
⎧ 2
⎪ í : = , = 4.
ó ∶ = 2 + 3cos − ⇒
2 ⎨
⎪ : − = 0 ⇒ = 2
⎩ 2
2 ℎ ℎ
ó ∶ ó .
2 + 3cos − = 2 − 3 ⇒ 2 + cos − = −1
2 2
52
Problemas resueltos Amplitud, período, desfase, dominio y rango
− = ⇒ = 2 ⇒ = 4
2 2
2 + 3cos − = 2 + 3 ⇒ 2 + cos − =5
2 2
− = 0 ⇒ = 1 ⇒ = 2
2 2
= [2,4] , = [−1, 5]
ó .− ó .
1
= 2 + 3cos − ⇒ − 2 = 3cos − ⇒ ( − 2) = cos −
2 2 3 2
1 1
arccos ( − 2) = − ⇒ arccos ( − 2) + =
3 2 3 2
2 1
arccos ( − 2) + 2 =
3
2 1
í, ( ) = 2 + 3cos − ( ) = arccos ( − 2) + 2
2 3
= [−1, 5] , ( ) = [2,4]
2 1
ó : á ( ) = 2 + 3cos − ( ) = arccos ( − 2) + 2
2 3
53
Problemas resueltos Amplitud, período, desfase, dominio y rango
+
10. − Dada la función = 1 + 3 tan
6
.− , í .
.− ó . .
.− ó .
.− .
∶ ∞
⎧
+ ⎪ í : = . = 6
ó ∶ = 1 + 3 tan ⇒ 6
6 ⎨ +
⎪ : = 0 ⇒ = −
⎩ 6
− ℎ .
ó .− ó .
+ +
1 + 3 tan = 1 + 3tan = ∞ ⇒ 3 tan = 3tan
6 2 6 2
+ 2
= ⇒ = − ⇒ = = 2
6 2 6 2 6 6 6
+ +
1 + 3 tan = 1 + 3tan − = −∞ ⇒ 3 tan = 3tan −
6 2 6 2
+
= − ⇒ + = −3 ⇒ = −4
6 2
= (−4 , 2 ) , = (−∞, ∞)
ó : .− ó .
+ + 1 +
= 1 + 3 tan ⇒ y − 1 = 3 tan ⇒ ( − 1) = tan
6 6 3 6
1 + 1 +
arctan ( − 1) = artan tan ⇒ arctan ( − 1) =
3 6 3 6
1 1
6 arctan ( − 1) = + ⇒ 6 arctan ( − 1) − =
3 3
+ 1
= 1 + 3 tan( ) = 6 arctan ( − 1) −
6 3
54
Problemas resueltos Amplitud, período, desfase, dominio y rango
+
.− = 1 + 3tan
6
1
= 6 arctan ( − 1) −
3
55
Problemas resueltos Derivación y simplificación de funciones
= ( ) ⇒ = 0 .
= ⇒ = 1 .
= ∙ ⇒ =
ó ó .
= + + ⇒ = + +
= ∙ ⇒ = + , .
−
= ⇒ = , .
= ⇒ = = ⇒ =
1 1
= ln ⇒ = = ln ⇒ =
log ( ) log ( )
= log ⇒ = = ⇒ =
= ⇒ = = ⇒ =
= ⇒ = ln ( ) = ⇒ = ln ( )
1 1
= √ ⇒ = = √ ⇒ =
2√ 2√
56
Problemas resueltos Derivación y simplificación de funciones
1 1
= arcsen ⇒ = = arcsen ⇒ =
√1 − √1 −
1 1
= arccos ⇒ = − = arccos ⇒ = −
√1 − √1 −
1 1
= arctan ⇒ = = arctan ⇒ =
1+ 1+
1 1
= arccot ⇒ = − = arccot ⇒ = −
1+ 1+
1 1
= arcsec ⇒ = = arcsec ⇒ =
√ −1 √ −1
1 1
= arccsc ⇒ = − = arccsc ⇒ = −
√ −1 √ −1
í
ℎ , ó ,
, ó í .
, 3 − 7 = 0 ó í . ó ,
3
= ó í . ℎ
7
ú ó , .
ó " " í ,
ó é é , " " ó . ó
, + = ó í .
í + = ⇒ 2 + + = +3
57
Problemas resueltos Derivación y simplificación de funciones
2 + −
2 + − = 3 − ⇒ 2 + − = (3 − ) ⇒ =
3 −
= ( ) = ℎ( ), y ó .
ℎ , = ( ) ℎ( ) = ℎ( )
ó ℎ , é ó ó .
= ℎ( ) = ′ ℎ( ) ℎ′( )
= ℎ( ) = ′ ℎ( ) ′ ℎ( ) ℎ′( )
: = sen √ .
ó = ℎ( ) ℎ( ) = sen ℎ( )
1
ℎ( ) = √ . í ℎ( ) = cos ℎ( ) ℎ ( ) =
2√
1
= ℎ( ) ℎ ( ) ⇒ = cos √
2√
58
Problemas resueltos Derivación y simplificación de funciones
1. − = sen 3 + .
2
ó : = sen ⇒ = cos , í = 3 + =3
2
= 3 cos(3 + )
2
2. − = (3 − 1)
ó : ℎ = 3 − 1 ′ = 6
á = =2 ,
= (3 − 1) ⇒ = 2(3 − 1)6 = 12 (3 − 1)
3. − = .
ó : : = ∙ ⇒ = + ′
= = , = → =2 + . → = (2 + )
4. − r = 4 −3
ó : : = + ⇒ = +
í = 12 = −3, = 4 − 3 ⇒ = 12 − 3 = 3(4 − 1)
5. − = ln( + )
1
ó : = ln ⇒ = , = + , =1+
1 1
= ln( ) ⇒ = ∙ , = ln( + ) ⇒ = ∙ (1 + )
+
59
Problemas resueltos Derivación y simplificación de funciones
6. − = ln( . )
1
ó : = ln ⇒ = , = =2 +
1 1
í = ln ⇒ = ∙ , = ln( ) ⇒ = ∙ (2 + )
(2 + ) 2+
= → =
7. − = 1−6
ó : = 1−6 ⇒ = (1 − 6 ) , = 1 − 6 = 30
1 1
= (1 − 6 ) ⇒ = ⇒ = ∙ ⇒ = (1 − 6 ) (30 )
3 3
30 10
= ⇒ =
3 (1 − 6 ) (1 − 6 )
8. − = +
1
ó : = + ⇒ = + ⇒ =− +
1 − + −
=− + ⇒ = =
9. − 2 −3 +4 = √3
ó : 2 −3 +4 = √3 ⇒ 4 − 3( ) − 3 +8 = 0
3 −4
8 −3 = 3 − 4 ⇒ (8 − 3 ) = 3 − 4 ⇒ =
8 −3
−
10. − =
+
−
ó : = → ( + )= −
+
60
Problemas resueltos Derivación y simplificación de funciones
4 ( + )+ (1 + )=1−
4 ( + )+ + =1−
1−4 ( + )−
→ + = 1−4 ( + )− → =
+1
11. − − = 1−3
ó : − =1−3 → 2 + − − = −6
− = −6 − 2 +
(6 + 2 − )
( − ) = −(6 + 2 − ) ⇒ =−
( − 1)
12. − = √sen
cos
ó : = √sen → =
2√sen
√sen cos 1
= → = √sen cot
2sen 2
14. − cos (4 ) = −
ó :
61
Problemas resueltos Derivación y simplificación de funciones
3
ó : = sen cos ⇒ = cos cos − sen
2√
3 cos(cos √ )sen√
=−
2√
ó : tan = sec −1
+1
17. − =
√1 −
( )
+1 √1 − (2 ) − ( + 1).
√
ó : = → =
√1 − 1−
( )
2 √1 − + 2 (1 − )+ ( + 1)
√
= ⇒ =
1− (1 − )√1 −
2 −2 + + 3 −
′= =
(1 − )√1 − (1 − )√1 −
18. − sec( )=
62
Problemas resueltos Derivación y simplificación de funciones
19. − = (2 − 1) −3
ó :
(2 − 1) (2 )
= (2 − 1) − 3 → = 2(2 − 1)(6 ) −3+
4 ( − 3)
24 ( − 3) + 2 −1
′ = (2 − 1)
2√ −3
24 − 72 + 2 −1 26 − 72 − 1
= (2 − 1) ⇒ = (2 − 1)
2 ( − 3) 2 ( − 3)
cos( ) + sen
→ =
2 cos
63
Problemas resueltos Derivar y simplificar funciones trascendentes
ó .
1. − = sen (7 − )
2
ó : = sen 7 − ⇒ = cos 7 − (7 − )
2 2 2
2. − = .
ó : = . ⇒ = ( ). + . ⇒ =2 . + . (2 )
=2 . +2 . ⇒ =2 (1 + )
3. − = arcsec(3 + 2)
(3 + 2)
ó : = arcsec(3 + 2) ⇒ =
(3 + 2) (3 + 2) −1
5(3 + 2) (6 ) 30
= ⇒ =
(3 + 2) (3 + 2) −1 (3 + 2) (3 + 2) −1
′
Nota: recordemos que si = sec ( ) , =
√ −1
4. − = log(√ − 1)
1
ó : = √ − 1 , =
2√
log ( ) 1 log ( )
= log( ) ⇒ = ∙ ⇒ ′ = ∙ .
(√ − 1) 2√
64
Problemas resueltos Derivar y simplificar funciones trascendentes
5. − = arcsen( )
ó : = =2
( )(2 ) 2
= arcsen( )⇒ = ∙ ⇒ = ⇒ =
1−( ) 1−
1−
ó :
−1
= sen(arccos( + 1)) ⇒ = cos(arccos( + 1)) .
1 − ( + 1)
−( + 1) −( + 1) ( + 1)
= ⇒ = =−
√1 − −2 −1 √− −2 √− −2
7. − = √
1
ó : = √ =
2√
√
1 1 √
í = ⇒ = ∙ ⇒ = ∙ ⇒ = ∙
2√ 2 √
1
ó : = ln( + ) ⇒ = ∙ (1 + )
+
1+
=
+
1 − ′ −
Solución: arctan +2 = → ∙ +4 +2 =
65
Problemas resueltos Derivar y simplificar funciones trascendentes
− ′ −
+4 +2 =
+
( − ′) + (4 +2 ′)( )( + )=( + )( − )
− +4 ( )( + )+2 ( )( + ) = ( + ) − ( + ) →
2 ( )( + ) − −( + ) = −[ ( + )+4 ( )( + )+ ] →
[( + 4 )( + )+ ] [(1 + 4 )( + )+ ]
=− =−
[(2 − )( + )− ] [(2 − 1)( + )− ]
10. − = ln(ln √ )
1 1 1
ó : = ln ln √ ⇒ = ∙ ∙
ln √ √ 2√
1 1
= ⇒ ′ =
2 ln√ ln
1
ó : = ln ln √ ⇒ = ln ln( )
2
1 1
= ∙ 0.5
0.5 ln
1
=
ln
+ ′ (−1)(1 + )
Solución: arcsen( . ) = arccos( + ) ⇒ =
1−( ) 1−( + )
′ 1 ′
+ + + =0
1−( ) 1−( ) 1−( + ) 1−( + )
1 1
+ =− −
1−( ) 1−( + 1−( ) 1−( + )
66
Problemas resueltos Derivar y simplificar funciones trascendentes
1−( + ) + 1−( )
=−
. 1−( + + 1−( )
1 1 1
Solución: arcsen √ = arcsec( ) → . = .
√1 − 2√ −1 2
1 ′
=
2√ √1 − 2 −1
−1 −1
= → =
√ − −
1 − cos
13. − = arctan
1 + cos
1 − cos
ó : = arctan
1 + cos
1 1 2 sen
= ∙ ∙
( ) (1 + cos )
2
1 − cos 1
= arctan ⇒ =
1 + cos 2
67
Problemas resueltos Derivar y simplificar funciones trascendentes
ó :
2 1 2
= − 1 + arcsec( − 1) ⇒ = + .
2√ −1 √ −1 ( − 1) − 1 2√ −1
√ −1
= + = +
√ −1 ( − 1)√ −2 −1 ( − 1)√ −2
1
= −1+
−1 √ −2
(ln( ))
15. − =
ln
1
= ln( ) ⇒ =
ó :
1 ( )(−2 ) 1
= − + arcsen ⇒ = − + + ∙
2 2 2 2.2√ − 2
1−
1 1
y′ = − − + ∙
2 2√ − 2
1 1
y′ = − − + ∙
2 2√ − 2 √ −
( − )− + − − + 2( − )
y′ = = =
2√ − 2√ − 2√ −
68
Problemas resueltos Derivar y simplificar funciones trascendentes
( − )√ −
= = −
( − )
ó 1 ∶
1
= ln( . ) ⇒ = ∙ (2 + )
.
(2 + ) 2+
= ⇒ =
.
ó 2:
= ln( . ) ⇒ = ln + ln = 2 ln +
2 2+
= + 1 ⇒ =
18. − = ln(arctan( ))
ó :
1 1
= ln(arctan( )) → = ∙ ∙ . (3)
arctan( ) 1+
3
=
(1 + ) arctan( )
1 + sen
19. − = ln
1 − sen
1 + sen 1 1 + sen
ó : = ln = ln
1 − sen 5 1 − sen
1 2 cos 2 cos 2
= = =
5 (1 + sen )(1 − sen ) 5 cos 5 cos
69
Problemas resueltos Derivar y simplificar funciones trascendentes
1
3 ∙ ∙ (1 + )=2 +2 ⇒ 3(1 + )=2 ( + )+2 ( + )
+
3 −2 ( + ) = 2 ( + ) − 3 ⇒ 3 − 2 ( + ) = 2 ( + ) − 3
2 ( + )−3 2 ( + )−3
= =−
3−2 ( + ) 2 ( + )−3
1+ ′
Solución; ln( + ) = + ⇒ =( + ) +2
+
1+ ′
= + +2
+
1+ =( + ) +( + ) +2 ( + )
− ( + )=( + ) +2 ( + )−1
( + ) +2 ( + )−1
=
1− ( + )
−
22. − =
+
− ( + )( + )−( − )( − )
ó : = ⇒ =
+ ( + )
( + 2+ )−( − 2+ )
=
( + )
+ 2+ − + 2− 4
=
( + ) ( + )
2 +2 ′ 1 − ′
ó : ln( + ) = 2 arctan ⇒ = 2 . .
+ 1+
70
Problemas resueltos Derivar y simplificar funciones trascendentes
2 +2 ′ 2( − ) 2 +2 ′ 2 − ′
= ⇒ = ∙
+ + + +
2 +2 =2 −2 ⇒ 2 +2 = 2 − 2
−
2 ( + ) = 2( − ) ⇒ =
+
ó :
′
ln( ) = sen ⇒ = cos ⇒ ´ = cos
ó :
1 1 1 1
= arcsen(ln ) − ln(arctan ) ⇒ = ∙ − ∙
√1 − ln arctan 1 +
1 1 1 1
= ∙ − ∙
√1 − ln arctan 1 +
1 1
= −
√1 − ln (1 + ) arctan( )
ó :
1 ′
1 + ln = sen (3 − 1) ⇒ ∙ = 2 sen(3 − 1) cos(3 − 1). 3
2 1 + ln
= 12 sen(3 − 1) cos(3 − 1) 1 + ln
ó ∶
71
Problemas resueltos Derivar y simplificar funciones trascendentes
2 2 6 10
=3∙ + 5 ∙ ⇒ ′ = +
2 +1 −4 2 +1 −4
6 − 24 + 20 + 10 26 + 10 − 24
= =
(2 + 1)( − 4) (2 + 1)( − 4)
ó :
= sen ( ). cos ( )
1 1
ó : ln . + ln + = 4 ⇒ ln( . ) + ln( + ) = 4
2 2
+ ′ 1+ ′
ln( . ) + ln( + ) = 8 ⇒ + = 0
. +
( + )( + ) + (1 + )( . ) = 0 ⇒ ( + ) + ( + )+ + =0
[ ( + )+ ]= − ( + )−
( + )+ 2 +
=− ⇒ =−
( + )+ 2 +
1 1
ó : arcsen[ln( + )] = ⇒ ∙ ∙ (1 + )= +
1 − ln ( + ) +
1+ = ( + )( + ) 1 − ln ( + )
1+ = ( + ) 1 − ln ( + ) + ( + ) 1 − ln ( + )
− ( + ) 1 − ln ( + ) = ( + ) 1 − ln ( + ) − 1
72
Problemas resueltos Derivar y simplificar funciones trascendentes
(1 − ( + ) 1 − ln ( + ) = ( + ) 1 − ln ( + ) − 1
( + ) 1 − ln ( + ) − 1 ( + ) 1 − ln ( + ) − 1
= = −
1 − ( + ) 1 − ln ( + ) ( + ) 1 − ln ( + ) − 1
ó :
73
Problemas resueltos Derivar y simplificar funciones hiperbólicas
ℎ ó ó :
− + senh( )
senh( ) = cosh( ) = tanh( ) =
2 2 cosh ( )
cosh( ) 1 1
coth( ) = sech( ) = csch( ) =
senh ( ) cosh ( ) senh( )
ℎ ó :
ℎ ó :
1 1
= arcsenh( ) ⇒ = = arccosh( ) ⇒ =
√ +1 √ −1
1 1
= arctanh( ) ⇒ = = arcoth( ) ⇒ =
1− 1−
1 1
= arcsech( ) ⇒ = = arccsch( ) ⇒ =
| |√1 − | |√1 +
74
Problemas resueltos Derivar y simplificar funciones hiperbólicas
= senh(arctan( )) ⇒ = senh( )
3.
í = cosh( ) . ⇒ = cosh(arctan( )) .
1+
3 cosh(arctan( ))
=
1+
2. . sech ( )
ó : = arcsen(tanh( )) ⇒ = →
1 − tanh ( )
2 sech ( )
= = 2 . sech ( ). sech ( ) = 2 sech( )
1 − tanh ( )
senh
4. − =
1 + cosh
senh [1 + cosh ] cosh − senh senh
ó : = ⇒ =
1 + cosh [1 + cosh ]
75
Problemas resueltos Derivar y simplificar funciones hiperbólicas
1
=
1 − ln
1 1
= ln√ ⇒ = ∙ , = 2. sech (2 )
√ 2√
1 1
= ln tanh(2 ) ⇒ = . . sech (2 ). 2
tanh(2 ) 2 tanh(2 )
sech (2 ) 1 2
= = ⇒ =
tanh(2 ) cosh(2 ) senh(2 ) senh(4 )
4 4
= (sech ) . (− sech tanh( )) ⇒ = − (sech ) . tanh( )
3 3
76
Problemas resueltos Derivar y simplificar funciones hiperbólicas
1
arctanh = arctan( ) ⇒ = ∙
1− 1+
2
ó : = 3ln tanh . . sech .
tanh
6 tanh . sech
=
tanh
ó : = , =2
1
= arccosh ⇒ = arcosh( ), = ∙
√ −1
2
=
−1
2
=
ln(arcsech( )) . arcsech( ) . √1 −
2
=
√1 − . ln(arcsech( )) arcsech( )
77
Problemas resueltos Derivar y simplificar funciones hiperbólicas
)] /
14. −Derivar y simpli icar = ln[arcsenh(
[arcsenh( )] /
/
2
ó : = ln[arcsenh( )] ⇒ = /
.
[arcsenh( )] √ +1
3
=
arcsenh( ) . √ +1
/
15. −Derivar y simpli icar = [csch ( − 3 + 1)]
/
ó : = − 3 + 1 = 2 − 3 = [csch ( )]
2 2
= [csch ( )] [− csch( ) coth( )] ⇒ = − [csch ( )] [coth( )] ′
5 5
2
= − csch ( − 3 + 1)coth( − 3 + 1) ∙ (2 − 3)
5
1
= [sech (3 ). cosh (3 )] ⇒ = . cosh (3 )
cosh (3 )
= 1 ⇒ =0
1 1
17. − = sech
1 1 −1 1 1 1 1 1
ó : = . sech ⇒ = sech + −sech tanh . −
x
1 1 tanh
=− sech 1−
78
Problemas resueltos Derivar y simplificar funciones hiperbólicas
( + ) +1 ( + ) +1
2 = − 2 ⇒ = −
3(1 − ) 6 (1 − )
= ln senh √ ⇒ = ln(senh )
1 cosh √ 1
= ∙ cosh( ) ∙ ⇒ = = . coth √
senh( ) 2√ senh √ 2√
1
20. − =
tanh ln (3 )
ó : = 3 = 3
1 /
= ⇒ = tanh ln ( )
tanh ln ( )
1 / 1
=− tanh ln ( ) sech ln ( ) 2 ln( ) . ∙
2
1 / 1
=− tanh ln (3 ) sech ln (3 ) 2 ln(3 ) . ∙ 3
2 3
1 /
′ = − tanh ln (3 ) sech ln (3 ) ln(3 )
79
Problemas resueltos Cálculo de integrales de funciones
1. − ( + + ) = + +
.
2. − = .
ó
ó .
3. − = + .
u ó á
ó
4. − = + .
+1
é ó u ( + 1)
"u" ( + 1) .
5. − = ln + .
( = −1 ú ).
6. − = + .
"e" á
ó .
7. − = + .
ln
" "
á ó .
ó é
80
Problemas resueltos Cálculo de integrales de funciones
1. − : ( √ + 8 − 3)
ó : ( √ + 8 − 3) = + 8 −3
2
( √ + 8 − 3) = + 4 −3 +
3
2. − (2 √ − √ − )
ó : (2 √ − √ − ) =2 − −
2 3 1 4 3 1
2. − − + = − − +
3 4 5 3 4 5
4 3 1
(2 √ − √ − ) = − − +
3 4 5
2
3. −
2
ó : =2 + = . +
1
2 =2∙ + = − +
−2
81
Problemas resueltos Cálculo de integrales de funciones
4. −
sec ( )
ó : = = cos = sen +
sec ( )
5. − : √ . ( + )
ó : √ . ( + ) = (√ . ) + (√ √ ) +
. + ( . ) + = + +
2 10
√ . ( + ) = + +
5 17
( +2 )
6. −
( +2 ) ( +4 +4 )
ó : = +
( + 4 + 4) + = +4 +4 +
( +2 ) 1
= +2 +4 +
3
7. − : . +2
ó : = + 2 ⇒ =
2
1 1 1
. +2 = = + = ( + 2) +
2 3 3
82
Problemas resueltos Cálculo de integrales de funciones
8. − : tan( )
sen( )
ó : tan( ) =
cos( )
= cos( ) ⇒ − = sen( )
tan( ) = ln(sec( ) +
( +5 −6 + 8)
9. −
( +5 −6 + 8)
ó : = +5 −6 + 8 +
( +5 −6 + 8) 1 5 8
= + −3 − +
6 4
10. − : (4 + 3)
ó : (4 + 3) = 16 + 24 + 9 +
16
(4 + 3) = + 12 +9 +
3
11. −
−2
ó : = − 2 ⇒ =
3
1 1 1
= = ln( ) + = ln( − 2) +
−2 3 3 3
12. − : 2 .
ó : = → =2
83
Problemas resueltos Cálculo de integrales de funciones
2 . = .2
= + = +
13. −
1−
ó : = 1 − ⇒ − =
= − + =− + = −ln + = −ln(1 − ) +
1−
( + 2)
14. −
2√ + 2
ó : = + 2 → =
( + 2) 1 1 1 1 2 1
= = . = = . + = +
2√ + 2 2 2 2 2 3 3
( + 2) 1
= ( + 2) +
2√ + 2 3
15. − : (3 − 1)
ó : (3 − 1) = 27 − 27 +9 −
27 27
(3 − 1) = − +3 − +
7 5
5
16. − : −
5
5 5 1 1
ó : − = − + = 5 ln( ) − +
5 5 10
17. − : cos ( )2
ó : = → =2
84
Problemas resueltos Cálculo de integrales de funciones
3 1
(1 − cos ) sen = −cos( ) + cos ( ) − cos ( ) + cos ( ) +
2 4
19. −
−2
2 1 − √2
ó : = 1+ = +2 = + ln +
−2 −2 −2 √2 + √2
20. − : (3 − 1)( + 2)
ó : (3 − 1)( + 2) = (3 − +6 − 2)
3 1
=3 − +6 −2 = − +2 −2 +
4 2
(5 + 3)
21. −
4
(5 + 3) (25 + 30 + 9)
ó : = +
4 4
25 30 9 25 15 9
+ + + = + + +
4 4 4 4 2 4
(5 + 3) 25 1 30 1 9 25 15 9
= . + . + + = + + +
4 4 3 4 2 4 12 4 4
85
Problemas resueltos Cálculo de integrales de funciones
22. − : (5 − 1)
ó : (5 − 1) = (25 − 10 + 1)
1 1
(5 − 1) = 25 − 10 + = 25. − 10. + +
7 4
25 5
(5 − 1) = − + +
7 2
23. − :
ó : = 5 + 3 → =
5
1 1 1
= . = . + = . +
5 5 5
24.- : ∫(2 + 1)
−1
ó : = 2 + 1 → = , =
4 2
−1 1
(2 + 1) = (2 + 1) = = ( − 1)
2 4 8
1 1
= −
8 8
1 1 1 1
→ − + = (2 + 1) − (2 + 1) +
20 12 20 12
( + 3)
25. − :
(3 − )
ó : = 3 − , − = + 3 = 6 −
( + 3) (6 − )(− )
= = −6 +
(3 − )
3 3
= −18 + + = −18(3 − ) + (3 − ) +
4 4
86
Problemas resueltos Cálculo de integrales de funciones
ó : = 1 + sen(2 ) → = cos(2 )
2
1 1 2 1 1
= . + = + = (1 + sen(2 )) +
2 2 5 5 5
sen
.− :
cos
ó : = cos → − = sen
sen 1
= cos sen = − = + = cos( ) + = +
cos cos( )
= sec( ) +
28. − : ( + ) (1 − 2 )
ó : = + → = (−2 + 1) → = (1 − 2 )
1
( + ) (1 − 2 ) = ( )= = + = ( + ) +
2 2
29. −
(1 − 2 )
ó : = 1 − 2 → − =
4
−1 −1 −1 1 1
= = = . + = (−2 + 1) +
(1 − 2 ) 4 4 4 −2 8
( + )
30. −
4−3 −2
) → −
ó : = 4 − 3 −2 → = −6( + ) =( + )
6
87
Problemas resueltos Cálculo de integrales de funciones
( + ) 1 1 2 3
== − = − ln 4 − 3 −2 +
4−3 −2 6 6
31. − + (10 +5 )
4 2
5 3
ó : = + → = 10 +5
2
5 5 5
+ (10 +5 ) = = = ( + +
2 3 3
32. −
√ (√ − 3)
ó : = √ − 3 → 2 =
√
1 1
=2 =− + =− +
√ (√ − 3) 2 2 √ −3
1 1
33. − 1+
1
ó : = 1 + → − =
1 1 1 1
1+ =− =− + =− 1+ +
2 2
(√ − 1) )
34. −
√
ó : = √ − 1 → 2 =
√
(√ − 1) ) 4
=2 = +
√ 5
(√ − 1) ) 4
= √ −1 +
√ 5
88
Problemas resueltos Cálculo de integrales de funciones
−2
35.
√
ó : = − 2 , 3 =
√
−2 1 1
=3 = + = −2 +
√ 2 2
36. − solver: . ( + 1)
: = + 1 → ( − 1) = , =
( − 1) = ( − 2 + 1) = −2 +
2 2 2 2 4 2
= −2 + + = − + +
7 5 3 7 5 3
2 4 2
= ( + 1) − ( + 1) + ( + 1) +
7 5 3
3
37. −
(1 − 3 )
1−
Solución: u = 1 − 3x → − =3 , =
3
3 1 (1 − ) 1 1
= − = − (1 − )( ) = − ( − )
(1 − 3 ) 3 3 3
1 1
=− − = − [− − ln( )] +
3 3
3 1 1
= (1 − 3 ) + ln(1 − 3 ) +
(1 − 3 ) 3 3
38. − : (3 − )
ó : = 3 − , = 3 − − =
89
Problemas resueltos Cálculo de integrales de funciones
(3 − ) = (3 − )(− )= ( − 3) = −3
2 2 2 6
= −3 = − 3. + = − +
9 7 9 7
2 6
= (− + 3) − (− + 3) +
9 7
39. − √3 + ( + 1)
ó : = 3 + → +1= − 2 → =
√3 + ( + 1) = √ ( − 2) = √ ( − 4 + 4)
3 12
√ ( − 4 + 4) = −4 +4 = − +3 +
10 7
3 12
√3 + ( + 1) = (3 + ) − (3 + ) + 3(3 + ) +
10 7
1
40. − (1 + )
2
1 1
ó : = 1 + → − 1 = → 2( − 1) = → −2 =
2 2
1
(1 + ) = 2( − 1)( ) . (−2 ) = −4 ( − 1)( )
2
2 2
= −4 − = −4 +4 = −4. + 4. +
7 5
8 8 8 1 8 1
=− + + = − (1 + ) + (1 + ) +
7 5 7 2 5 2
( + 1)
41. −
√ +2 +2
ó : = + 2 + 2 → =2 +2 → = ( + 1)
2
( + 1) 1 1 1
= = = . 2 + = + =( + 2 + 2) +
√ +2 +2 2 2 2
90
Problemas resueltos Cálculo de integrales de funciones
( + 3)
42. −
(9 − )
ó : = 9 − → + 3 = 12 − → − =
( + 3) (12 − )(− ) 3
= = 12 (− )+ = −36 + +
(9 − ) 4
( + 3) 3
= −36(9 − ) + (9 − ) +
(9 − ) 4
1 −1
43. − : +
1 −1
ó : = + → =
1 −1 3 3 1
+ = = + = + +
8 8
44. − 2 −1
+1
ó : = 2 − 1 → = → =
2 4
1 +1 1 1
2 −1 = 2 −1 = √ = +
4 2 8 8
3 3 3 3
2 −1 = + + = (2 − 1) + (2 − 1) +
56 32 56 32
1 −1
45. −
1
ó : = 1 − → =
1 −1 2 2 −1
= = + = +
3 3
91
Problemas resueltos Cálculo de integrales de funciones
46. − 2 +3
ó : 2 + 3 = 2 +3
−3
=2 + 3 → = → =
4 2
−3 1 3 1 1
2 +3 = = − = − +
2 4 8 8 20 4
1 1
2 +3 = (2 + 3) − (2 + 3) +
20 4
47.- : ∫ ( + 2)
ó : = + 2 → =
2
1 1 1 1 1
( + 2) = = . + = + = ( + 2) +
2 2 11 22 22
(2 + 3)
48. − :
√ +3
ó : = + 3 → = (2 + 3)
(2 + 3) (2 + 3)
= = = = 2 + = 2( +3 ) +
√ +3 ( +3 )
49. − √ 1+ √
2
ó : = 1 + √ → = 1 + → =√
3
2 4 4
√ 1+ √ = = + = 1+ √ +
3 9 9
50. − : ( − 3)
: = − 3 → = + 3 → =
2
92
Problemas resueltos Cálculo de integrales de funciones
1
( − 3) = ( − 3) = ( + 3) = ( + 3)
2 2
1
= ( +3 )
2
1 3 2 3 2 1
= + = ∙ + ∙ − = + +
2 2 2 5 2 3 5
1
( − 3) = ( − 3) + ( − 3) +
5
51. −
( + )
−
ó : = + → = → =
1 1
= ( − ) = −
( + )
2 2 2 2
= + + = √ + + +
( + ) √ +
+2 1
52. − −
1 +2
ó : = − → =
+2 1 2 2 1
− = = + = − +
3 3
53. − :
sec(2 )
ó : = 2 → =
2
1 1 1
= cos(2 ) = cos = sen + = sen(2 ) +
sec(2 ) 2 2 2
93
Problemas resueltos Cálculo de integrales de funciones
cot(3 )
54. −
sen (3 )
ó : = 3 → =
3
cot(3 ) 1
= csc (3 )cot(3 ) = cot csc
sen (3 ) 3
= cot → − = csc
1 1 1 1 1 1
csc cot =− =− . + = − + = − (cot ) +
3 3 3 2 6 6
1
= − (cot(3 )) +
6
ó : = → =
3
1 1 1
cot( ) csc( ) = csc( )cot( ) = (− csc ) + = − csc +
3 3 3
ó : = tan( ) → = sec ( )
2 2
= + = (tan ) +
3 3
94
Problemas resueltos Cálculo de integrales de funciones
ó ∶ = sen( ) → = cos( )
3 3
(sen( )) cos( ) = = + = (sen ) +
5 5
tan
59. −
cos
ó : = tan → = sec
tan tan 1 1
= = tan( )sec ( ) = = + = tan +
cos 2 2
sen(2 )
60. −
√1 + sen
ó : = 1 + sen → = 2sen cos → = sen(2 )
61. −
cos tan( ) − 1
ó : = tan − 1 → = sec
sec sec
= = =
cos tan( ) − 1 √tan − 1 (tan − 1)
= =2 + = 2√tan − 1 +
csc √
62. −
√
ó : = √ → 2 =
√
csc √
=2 csc = −2cot + = −2cot √ +
√
95
Problemas resueltos Cálculo de integrales de funciones
. sen( + 1)
3. −
cos ( + 1)
ó : = + 1 → =
3
. sen( + 1) 1 sen 1
= = cos (sen )
cos ( + 1) 3 cos 3
= cos → − = sen
1 1 1 1
cos (sen )= (− ) =− = +
3 3 3 6
. sen( + 1) 1 1
= cos + = cos ( + 1) +
cos ( + 1) 6 6
64. −
sen ( + )
ó : = + → =
1 1 1
= csc ( + ) = csc = − cot + = − cot( + )+
sen ( + )
65. − . sen
2
ó : = → =
2
sen√ . cos√
66. −
√
ó = √ → 2 =
√
sen√ . cos√
ó : =2 sen . cos = sen + = sen ( )+
√
96
Problemas resueltos Cálculo de integrales de funciones
sen√ . cos√
ó : = 2 sen . cos
√
1 1
sen(2 ) = − cos(2 ) + = − cos 2√ +
2 2
97
Problemas resueltos Integral que conduce a función trigonométrica inversa
ó ó
1
ó : = arctan +
+
= arcsen + ,
√ −
1
= arcsec +
√ −
1. − :
√2 − 5
=
√2 − 5
(√2) − (√5 )
1
ó : = √2 , = √5 → =
√5
1 1
= = arcsen +
√2 − 5 √5 √ − √5
1 √5
= arcsen +
√2 − 5 √5 √2
2. − :
√2 + −
: = =
√2 + −
2+ −( − + ) −( − )
3 1
= , = − , =
2 2
− 2 −1
= arcsen + ⇒ arcsen + = arcsen +
√ − 3
98
Problemas resueltos Integral que conduce a función trigonométrica inversa
3. − :
+ 2 + 10
1 +1
: = = = arctan +
+ 2 + 10 9+( + 2 + 1) 3 + ( + 1) 3 3
4. − =
+3 (√3) + ( )
ó : = √3 , = → =
2
1 1 1
= = . arctan +
(√3) + ( ) 2 + 2
1
= arctan +
+3 2√3 √3
5. − = =2
√4 −9 (2 ) − 3 2 (2 ) − 3
ó : = 3 , = 2 → =
2
2 1
2 = = arcsec +
2 (2 ) − 3 2 √ −
1 2
= arcsec +
√4 −9 3 3
6. − =
√1 − 1−( )
ó : = 1 , = → =
3
1 1
= = arcsen +
1−( ) 3 √ − 3
1
= arcsen( )+
√1 − 3
99
Problemas resueltos Integral que conduce a función trigonométrica inversa
7. − :
√ −1
ó : = 1 , = → =
2
1
=
√ −1 2 √ −
1 1 1
. arcsec + = arcsec( )+
2 2
8. − :
+
ó : = , = → =
2
1
= = . arctan + = arctan +
+ 2 + 2 2
( + 2)
9. −
√4 − 2 −
( + 2) ( + 2) ( + 2)
ó : = =
√4 − 2 − (4 + 1) − ( + 2 + 1) 5 − ( + 1)
[( + 1) + 1]
=
5 − ( + 1)
( + 2) ( + 1)
= +
5 − ( + 1) 5 − ( + 1) 5 − ( + 1)
( + 1)
= ,
√4 − 2 −
ℎ = 4 − 2 − , = −2(1 + ) , − = ( + 1)
2
( + 1) 1
=−
√4 − 2 − 2
1 1
− = (− ) =− = −(4 − 2 − )
2 2
100
Problemas resueltos Integral que conduce a función trigonométrica inversa
= ,
5 − ( + 1)
ℎ = + 1, = , = √5
+1
= = arcsen +
5 − ( + 1) √ − √5
( + 2) +1
= −(4 − 2 − ) + arcsen +
√4 − 2 − 2 √5
10. − :
+ 10 + 30
= =
+ 10 + 30 + 10 + 25 + 5 ( + 5) + 5
: = √5 , = + 5 → du = dx
1 √5 +5
= = arctan + = arctan +
( + 5) + 5 + 5 √5
11. − :
4 − ( + 2)
ó : = 2 , = + 2 → =
+2
= = arcsen + = arcsen +
4 − ( + 2) √ − 2
sec( )tan( )
12. − :
9 − 4 sec ( )
101
Problemas resueltos Integral que conduce a función trigonométrica inversa
cos( )
13. − :
1 + sen ( )
ó : = 1 , = ( ) → = ( )
cos( ) 1
= = arctan + =
1 + sen ( ) +
cos( )
= arctan sen( ) +
1+ ( )
14. − :
√20 + 8 −
: = =
√20 + 8 − 20 + 16 − ( − 8 + 16) 36 − ( − 4)
ℎ = 6 , = − 4 → =
= = arcsen +
36 − ( − 4) √ −
−4
= arcsen +
36 − ( − 4) 6
15. − :
√2 −
= =
√2 − 1−( − 2 + 1) 1 − ( − 1)
ó : = 1, = − 1 → =
= = arcsen +
1 − ( − 1) √ −
= arcsen( − 1)
√2 −
16. − :
√ (1 + )
: = 1 = √ → 2 =
√
2
=2 = arctan +
√ (1 + ) +
102
Problemas resueltos Integral que conduce a función trigonométrica inversa
= 2arcot √ +
√ (1 + )
17. − :
1 − ln ( )
: = 1 , = ln( ) → =
= = arcsen +
1 − ln ( ) √ −
= arcsen ln( ) +
1 − ln ( )
18. − :
√1 −
: = 1, = → = , = = arcsen +
√1 − √ −
= arcsen( )+
√1 −
19. − :
+ 25
=
+ 25 5 +( )
: = 5 , = → =
3
1 1 1 1
= = . arctan + = arcot +
5 +( ) 3 + 3 15 5
cos( )sen( ) 1
= arctan sen ( ) +
1 + sen ( ) 2
103
Problemas resueltos Integral que conduce a función trigonométrica inversa
21. − = =
4 −4 +2 [(2 ) − 2(2 ) + 1] + 1 (2 − 1) + 1
ó : = 1 = 2 − 1 =
2
1 1 1
= = . arctan +
4 4 +2 2 + 2
1
= arctan(2 − 1) +
4 −4 +2 2
2 sen(4 )
22. −
1 + sen (2 )
2 sen(4 ) 2sen(4 )
=
1 + sen (2 ) 1 + (sen (2 ))
2 sen(4 )
= arctan sen (2 ) +
1 + sen (2 )
csc (3 )
23. −
25 + cot (3 )
ó : = 5 , = cot(3 ) , = −csc (3 )
3
csc (3 ) 1
=−
25 + cot (3 ) 3 +
1 1
− arctan =− arctan +
3. 15
csc (3 ) 1 cot(3 )
= − arctan +
25 + cot (3 ) 15 5
104
Problemas resueltos Integral que conduce a función trigonométrica inversa
24. −
√12 − 4 −
= =
√12 − 4 − (12 + 4) − ( + 4 + 4) 16 − ( + 2)
ó : = 4 = + 2 =
= = arcsen +
√12 − 4 − √ −
+2
= arcsen +
√12 − 4 − 4
25. −
√1 −
=
√1 − 1−( )
ó : = =
1 1
= = arcsen( )+
1−( ) √1 −
1
= arcsen( )+
1−( )
26. −
√9 − 4
ó : =
√9 − 4 3 − (2 )
= 3 = 2 =
2
1
= = arcsen +
3 − (2 ) √ − 2
1 2
= arcsen +
√9 − 4 2 3
105
Problemas resueltos Integral que conduce a expresión logarítmica o exponencial
LOGARITMICAO EXPONENCIAL
1. −
1+
ó : = + 1 → =
2
1 1 1
= = ln + = ln( + 1) +
1+ 2 2 2
2. −
ó : = → =
2
1 1 1
= = = + = +
2 2 2
3. −
ln
ó = → = , = = ln = ln(ln ) +
ln
ln( )
4. −
ó : = ln( ) → =
ln( ) 1 1 1
= = + = (ln ) = ln ( ) +
2 2 2
ln( )
5. −
cos ln( )
ó : = ln , = , = cos = sen + = sen(ln ) +
106
Problemas resueltos Integral que conduce a expresión logarítmica o exponencial
sen( )
6. −
cos( )
ó : = cos → − = sen
sen( )
=− = −ln + = −ln(cos ) +
cos( )
7. − tan( )
ó : = cos( ) → − = sen( )
sen( )
tan( ) = =− = ln( ) + = −ln cos( ) +
cos( )
( + 1)
8. −
( + 1) 1
ó : = +
+ = − +
9. −
( − 5)
ó : = − 5 → =
= = ln + = ln( − 5) +
( − 5)
( )
10. − sec ( )
ó : = tan → = sec
( )
sec ( ) = = + =
( )
sec ( ) = +
107
Problemas resueltos Integral que conduce a expresión logarítmica o exponencial
( + sec )
11. −
(tan + )
ó : = tan + → = (sec + )
( + sec )
= = ln + = ln(tan + )+
(tan + )
( + + 1)
12. −
( + + 1)
ó : = + +
+ + = + − +
√
13. −
1+ √
3√ 2
ó : = 1 + √ → = → =√
2 3
√ 2 2
= + = ln +
1+ √ 3 3
√ 2
= ln(1 + )+
1+ √ 3
14. −
4−
ó ; = − + 4 → − =
=− = −ln +
4−
= −ln(4 − )+
4−
√
15. −
√ +1
ó : = √ + 1 → 2 =
√ +1
108
Problemas resueltos Integral que conduce a expresión logarítmica o exponencial
√
=2 =2 =2 √ +
√ +1
( + )
16. −
( − )
ó : = − → =( + )
( + )
= = ln + = ln( − )+
( − )
17. −
ln√
ó : = ln√ → 2 =
=2 = 2 ln + = 2 ln ln√ +
ln√
18. −
+1
ó : = + = +
+1 ( + 1) (1 + )
= 1 + − =
+ = − = −ln( ) +
(1 + )
= −ln(1 + )+
+1
√ +1
19. −
√
ó : = √ → 2 =
√
√ +1 √
= + =2 +2 =2 +2 +
√ √ √
109
Problemas resueltos Integral que conduce a expresión logarítmica o exponencial
√ +1
= 2 √ +2 + =2 √ + 2√ +
√
ln( )
20. −
(1 + ln( ))
ó : = 1 + ln( ) → = , − 1 = ln( )
ln( ) ( − 1)
= = −
(1 + ln( ))
2
− = −2 +
3
ln( ) 2
= [1 + ln( )] − 2[1 + ln( )] +
(1 + ln( )) 3
21. − .
1
ó : . = = +
5
22. −
+1
ó : = + 1 → − =
=− = −ln + = −ln( + 1) +
+1
23. − (2 + 1)10( )
ó : = 3 + 3 + 1 → = (2 + 1)
3
1 1 10
(2 + 1)10( )
= 10 + = +
3 3 ln 10
10( )
(2 + 1)10( )
= +
3 ln 10
110
Problemas resueltos Integral que conduce a expresión logarítmica o exponencial
1
24. − ( + )
Solución:
1 1
( + ) = + = + =− − +
3
25. −
(1 − 2 )
ó : = 1 − 2 → − =
6
1 1 1 1
=− =− = + =
(1 − 2 ) 6 6 6 6(1 − 2 )
( )
26. − 1 + ln( )
ó : = ln → = (ln( ) + 1)
( )
1 + ln( )
( )
1 + ln( ) = . = + = +
ln( ) ln( )
27. −
+3
ó : = √3 , = → =
2
1 1 1 1
= = . arcot + = arcot +
+3 2 + 2 2√3 √3
(2 + (ln ) )
28. −
1 − ln( )
ó : = 1 − ln( ) ⇒ − = , ln( ) = 1 − ⇒ ln ( ) = (1 − )
(2 + (ln ) ) [2 + (1 − ) ] [2 + 1 − 2 + ]
=− + =− +
1 − ln( )
111
Problemas resueltos Integral que conduce a expresión logarítmica o exponencial
(3 − 2 + )
− + = −3 +2 − +
(2 + (ln( )) 1
= −3 ln( ) + 2 + +
1 − ln( ) 2
(2 + ln ( )) 1
= −3 ln 1 − ln( ) + 2 1 − ln( ) − 1 − ln( ) +
1 − ln( ) 2
29. − ( − )
ó : = ⇒ 2 = , = − ⇒ −3 =
2 3
( − ) = − + =2 + 3 + = 2 +3 +
( − ) =2 +3 +
30. − ( − 1)
ó : = − + 2 → − = ( − 1)
2
1 1 1
( − 1) =− =− + =− +
2 2 2
31. −
+
= = =
+ ( + ) (1 + ) 1+
ó : = → − =
−
= =− = −arcot( ) + = −arcot( )+
1+ 1+ 1+
112
Problemas resueltos Integral que conduce a expresión logarítmica o exponencial
32. − ( − )
( − ) = − =2 +2 +
( − ) =2 + +
33. −
√
ó : = = −2 +
√
34. −
3−
ó : = 3 − → − =
=− = −ln( ) + = −ln( 3 − ) +
3−
35. −
(ln )
ó : = ln( ) → =
1
= = = + =− +
(ln ) −3 3. ln ( )
36. −
√ +1
ó : = 1 , = → =
2
1 1
= = ln( + + )+
√ +1 2 √ + 2
1
= ln( + + 1) +
√ +1 2
113
Problemas resueltos Integral que conduce a expresión logarítmica o exponencial
37. −
ó : = → − =
2
1 1 1
=− =− + =− +
2 2 2
38. −
ó : = − + 2 → − =
2
1 1 1
= . (− )=− =− + =− +
2 2 2 2
39. −
ó : = → =
3
1 1 1
= . = + = +
3 3 3
( )
40. − . sen(2 )
( ) ( )
. sen(2 ) = . 2sen( )cos( )
( ) ( )
. 2sen( )cos( ) = . = + = +
sec ( )
41. −
csc( )
sec ( ) ( ) sen( )
= =
csc( ) cos ( )
( )
114
Problemas resueltos Integral que conduce a expresión logarítmica o exponencial
ó : = cos( ) → − = sen( )
sen( ) −
= + =− = (−) +
cos ( ) −4
1 1 1
+ = + = +
4 4 4 cos ( )
sec ( ) 1
= sec ( ) +
csc( ) 4
cot ln( )
42. −
ó : = ln( ) → =
cot ln( )
= cot( ) = ln sen( ) + = ln sen ln( ) +
cot ln( )
í = ln sen ln( ) +
115
Problemas resueltos Ecuaciones diferenciales elementales
ó = ( , ) ó
( , ) ó "x" ó "y",
, = ( , ) ⇒ = ℎ( ) ( ).
, = ( , ) ⇒ = ℎ( )
( )
: ó ó á
ó . , ú ó
: ó = . cos( ) −
[ é 1 ( )]
1
= . cos( ) ⇒ = cos ( ) + ⇒ − = sen( ) +
1 1
− = sen( ) + ⇒ = − ( ó ).
sen( ) +
= 0 ó ó .
= 0 → = 0 , 0 = 0 ,
= 0 ó ó .
ú ∈ = 0 = 0 ó
ó = . cos( ).
116
Problemas resueltos Ecuaciones diferenciales elementales
1
ó á ( ) = − = 0
sen( ) +
1. − = 6 − 3
ó : = 6−3 ⇒ = (6 − 3 )
= 6 − 3 + ⇒ = 6 −3 + ⇒ = 6 − +
2. − =3
ó : =3 ⇒ = (3 )
1
= (3 ) + ⇒ = + ⇒ − = +
−1
3. − = −
ó : =( − ) ⇒ = −
= − + ⇒ = − + ⇒
−1 2
1 2+
=− − + ⇒ = − +
2 2
√ −3
4. − =
ó : = −3 ⇒ = − 3 +
= − 3 → =
3
1 2 2
= . + ⇒ = . + ⇒ = ( − 3) +
3 3 3 3 3
5. − = (2 + 1)
ó : = (2 + 1) ⇒ = (2 + 1) +
117
Problemas resueltos Ecuaciones diferenciales elementales
= 2 + 1 , =
2
1 1 1
= (2 + 1) + ⇒ = + ⇒ = + ⇒ = (2 + 1) +
2 6 6
6. − =3 +4 −6
ó : =3 + 4 − 6 ⇒ = (3 + 4 − 6)
= (3 + 4 − 6) + ⇒ = 3 +4 −6 +
3
= +2 −6 +
4
( + 2)
7. − =
(3 − )
ó : (3 − ) = ( + 2) ⇒ (3 − ) = ( + 2) +
= 3 − , − = , = ( + 2) , =
(3 − ) = ( + 2) + ⇒ − = + ⇒ − = +
2 3
−3 −2
= ⇒ 3(3 − ) + 2( + 2) =
6
8. − = √2 − 3
ó : ( ′) = (2 − 3) → ( ′) = (2 − 3)
( ′) = (2 − 3) +
= (2 − 3) , =
2
1 2
( ′) = + ⇒ = +
2 2.3
1 1
= + ⇒ = (2 − 3) +
3 3
1 1
= (2 − 3) + ⇒ = (2 − 3) + +
3 3
118
Problemas resueltos Ecuaciones diferenciales elementales
1
= (2 − 3) +
3
= 2 − 3 , =
2
1 2
= + + → = + +
6 65
1
= (2 − 3) + +
15
9. − = 5 +1
ó : ( ) = (5 + 1) ⇒ ( ) = (5 + 1)
( )= (5 + 1) +
5 5
=5 + + ⇒ = + + ⇒ = + +
3 3
5
= + + +
3
5 5
= + + + ⇒ = + + +
3 12 2
10. − = ( − 4)
( − 4) −4
ó : = ⇒ = +
4
= − +
1 1
− = −4 + ⇒ − = −4∙ +
−1 −2
1 1 2 1 2 1 1 1 2
− = − + + ⇒ − = − + ⇒ = − +
1 −2
= +
119
Problemas resueltos Ecuaciones diferenciales elementales
11. − = −9 sen(3 )
( ′)
ó : = −9 sen(3 ) ⇒ ( ′) = −9 sen(3 )
1
( ′) = −9 sen(3 ) + ⇒ = (−9) (− cos(3 )) +
3
= 3 cos(3 ) + ⇒ = 3 cos(3 ) +
=3 cos(3 ) + + → = sen(3 ) + +
12. − =( − 1)
ó : ( − 1) = ⇒ ( − 1) = +
1
−( − 1) = + ⇒ −( − 1) + =
−1
3
13. − = ( + 1)( + 2) , = − , = −3
2
ó : = ( + 1)( + 2) + ⇒ = ( + 3 + 2) +
3 3
= + + 2 + , = − , = −3
3 2 2
3 27 3 27
− = −9 + − 6 + ⇒ − = −15 + +
2 2 2 2
3 −30 + 27 3 3
− = + ⇒ − = − + ⇒ = 0
2 2 2 2
3
= + +2
3 2
14. − ( + 5) − ( − 2) =0
ó : ( + 5) − ( − 2) = 0 ⇒ ( − 2) − ( + 5) =0
− = 0 ⇒ − = ⇒ ln( + 5) − ln( − 2) = ln
+5 −2 +5 −2
+5
=
−2
120
Problemas resueltos Ecuaciones diferenciales elementales
15. − − (1 + ) =0
ó : − (1 + ) = 0 ⇒ (1 + ) − = 0 ⇒ − = 0
1+
1 2 1
− = ⇒ ln − ln(1 + ) = ⇒ =
2 1+ 2 1+
16. − ( − 1) + =0
ó : ( − 1) + = 0 ⇒ + = 0 ⇒ + =
−1 −1
1 1
+ ln( − 1) = − ln ⇒ − = −ln( − 1) − ln ⇒ = ln ( − 1)
−1
ln ( − 1) = 1
17. − ( − 2) + (2 + 3) =0
ó : ( − 2) + (2 + 3) = 0 ⇒ + =0
2 +3 −2
1 2 1 1 − √2
+ = ln ⇒ ln(2 + 3) + ln =
2 2 +3 −2 2 2√2 + √2
− √2
√2 ln(2 + 3) + ln =
+ √2
18. − ( + 4) −( + 3) =0
ó : ( + 4) −( + 3) = 0 ⇒ − =0
+3 ( + 4)
1 2
− = ln ⇒ − = ln
+3 ( + 4) 2 +3 ( + 4)
1 + 1 1
= + ⇒ = , = − , = 0
( + 4) +4 4 4
121
Problemas resueltos Ecuaciones diferenciales elementales
1 1 1 1
= − = ln − ln( + 4) + ln
( + 4) 4 4 +4 4 8
1 1 1
í − = ln( + 3) − ln + ln( + 4) = ln
+3 ( + 4) 2 4 8
( + 3) ( + 4)
4 ln( + 3) − 2ln + ln( + 4) = ln ⇒ =
ó : cos + sen = 0 ⇒ + =0
sen cos
ln √2 − 1 + 1 =
20. − ó (3 − ) +2 = 0 (1) = 1
ó : (3 − ) +2 = 0
2 (3 − ) á
1 1 −
∙ + = 0 ⇒ ∙ − = 0
2 3− 2 3−
1 − 1 −3
− = ⇒ − 1+ =
2 3− 2 3−
1
ln| | − − 3 ln|3 − | =
2
1
(1) = 1 ln|1| − 1 − 3 ln|3 − 1| =
2
= −1 − 3 ln(2)
1
ln| | − − 3 ln|3 − | = −1 − 3 ln (2)
2
122