Capitalisation (Uppercase) Rules

First Word in a Sentence Events

Always capitalise the first word of a new sentence. Names of specific events should be capitalised. 

I have a dog. It is brown.
The car window is broken. I think the police should investigate.
The Pronoun I
Only the pronoun "I' is capitalised. All other pronouns (she, they,
him, me, us, etc.) are NOT capitalised.
Bob asked me where I had bought my jacket.
If I see her, I will give her your message.
Proper Nouns
Generally, Proper nouns can be understood as the names of
specific people, places, things, pets, organisations, etc.  Names of gods are capitalised, including Allah, Vishnu, and God.
I visited California on my vacation.
She gave Peter a present for his birthday.
I went to the Tomato Growers Conference in Salinas last
weekend.
Have you ever attended the Tomorrowland Music Festival?
Acronyms
Each letter of an acronym (a letter for the first letter of every
word: CIA -> Central Intelligence Agency)
I prefer to watch PBS tv whenever possible.
The ICAM commissioned a study on OBLOG.
The Gods
The word god is generally not capitalised if it is used to refer to
the generic idea of a deity, nor is it capitalised when it refers to
multiple gods.

The Directions  Wotan is one of the gods in Wagner's Ring Cycle.

The pastor prayed that God should deliver us from our sins.
Capitalise North, South, East, and West when contained in the
name of a place (state, country, etc.) but not when used for giving Days, Months But Not Seasons
directions.
Both days and months are capitalised but NOT seasons. 
Correct
Correct
My friend lives in South Carolina.
We are planning a vacation in East Africa. She flew to Dallas in September.
Do you have any time on Monday?
Incorrect
Incorrect
The Philippines are south of Taiwan. I was going
to climb the eastern side of the mountain. I love skiing in Winter.
They saw Bob last Summer.
Members of an Organisation
Countries, Languages, and Nationality Adjectives
The Blues Players are presenting a musical next week.
Some Washington Democrats would like to see the company up. All words that indicate a specific country should be capitalised
including adjectives describing food, customs, etc. 
Names of Companies
I lived in Italy for over 10 years.
My niece loves Nike shoes. Have you ever had any really expensive French wine?
Do you prefer Apple or Samsung products? Do you speak Russian?

Periods of History Nouns as Names

Capitalise periods of time in history that have specific names. Nouns when used in place of a name.

The Dot Com Era lasted far shorter than many people expected. Have you given Dad his present yet?
The Ice Age was the beginning of early man. I named my new dog; Dog as a joke.

Titles Before Names

Titles are capitalised only when they are part of the name. 

Correct

The soldier wrote to President Smith and asked for advice.

Have you spoken to Mayor Smithers yet?

Incorrect

George Washington was the first President of the United States.

Peter Smith was elected Mayor in 1995.
Start and End of Letters
Start and end your letters with capital letters. 

Dear Mr. Smith,

Best regards,

First Word in a Quote

This is true even if the quote occurs in the middle of a sentence.

The last time I talked to Peter he said, "Study hard and get to bed early!"
Thomas Patterman was a simple man who said, "Give me life, liberty and a bottle of rum!"

Main or Content Words in Titles

Remember that content words include nouns, pronouns, principal verbs, adjectives, and adverbs.

Rainy Days and Mondays

How to Win Friends and Influence Your Neighbours

First Word in Each Line of Poetry

Each first word in a poem should be written with capital letters. 

Roses are red

Violets are blue
I think I said He's in love with you!