AKENTEN APPIAH MENKAH UNIVERSITY OF SKILLS TRAINING AND

ENTREPRENUERIAL DEVELOPMENT

RESEARCH TOPIC

THE IMPACT OF LEADERRSHIP AND ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR ON EMPLOYEE PRODUCTIVITY

NAME:                           AMANKWAH KENNETH 

INDEX NUMBER: 5191400012

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION
1.0 Introduction

In today's highly competitive market, organizations strive to perform better and maintain their position.
To achieve these goals and boost employee performance, leaders play a crucial role (Paracha et al., 2012).
Leaders have the power to influence and motivate employees for the benefit of both themselves and the
organization. Leadership strongly influences employees' attitudes towards their job (Jamaludin, 2011),
and it is widely recognized that leadership style has a significant impact on job performance (Torlak &
Kuzey, 2019).

In the higher education sector, faculty performance depends on various factors, including leadership
styles and organizational culture (Indrasari, 2017). Different types of leadership skills are required for
academic leaders to be effective in institutions (Thrash, 2009). At universities, heads of departments,
chairpersons, and faculty deans play a crucial role in leading their faculty effectively as they contribute to
the well-being of society and future economic growth by producing assets in the form of well-educated
students.

Organizational culture (OC) also plays a vital role in job performance. OC is a set of shared values, ideas,
and ways of communication among organization members, motivating them to think and act in a certain
way. Leadership and organizational culture are interdependent, as the culture of an organization is
influenced by its leadership, and leadership can have an impact on improving organizational culture
(Ogbonna & Harris, 2000; Bass & Avolio, 1993). A strong culture contributes to increased employee
performance, goal accomplishment, and overall organizational performance.

The performance of faculty is critical to the success of higher education institutions and citizen education
(Gappa et al., 2007). Factors that influence the quality of professional work, such as research dynamics,
are significant in determining performance (Feldman & Paulsen, 1999).

Numerous studies have explored the relationship between leadership styles and job satisfaction (Amin et
al., 2013; Bushra et al., 2011; Javed et al., 2014; Khan et al., 2014; Saleem, 2015). Organizational culture
(OC) has also been discussed in relation to employee performance (Khan & Afzal, 2011; Saeed et al.,
2013; Shahzad, 2014). However, few researchers have specifically considered the influence of leadership
styles on faculty performance in the education sector (Paracha et al., 2012; Shah et al., 2017; Torlak &
Kuzey, 2019), and no research has yet examined the moderating effect of organizational culture in the
context of Jamshoro, Pakistan.
This study aims to examine the impact of leadership style and behavior on organizational performance,
specifically focusing on the education sector in Jamshoro, Pakistan. By understanding the influence of
leadership styles and organizational culture on faculty performance, we can gain insights to enhance
leadership effectiveness and shape a positive organizational culture, ultimately improving overall
performance.

1.1 Background of the study.

In the contemporary business landscape, the success of organizations relies heavily on the efficiency and
effectiveness of their employees. Employee productivity, a critical measure of an organization's
performance, is influenced by various internal and external factors. Among these, leadership styles and
organizational behavior stand out as two fundamental elements that significantly impact how employees
engage with their work and contribute to the organization's goals.

Leadership, in its various forms, has been recognized as a pivotal force that shapes the direction and
culture of organizations. Different leadership styles, ranging from charismatic and transformational to
autocratic and laissez-faire, have been observed across industries and sectors. These styles determine how
leaders interact with their teams, set expectations, provide guidance, and inspire commitment. The impact
of leadership on employee motivation, job satisfaction, and overall productivity has garnered substantial
attention from researchers and practitioners alike.

Simultaneously, the field of organizational behavior delves into the complex interactions and dynamics
within an organization. It encompasses areas such as communication patterns, teamwork, employee
engagement, decision-making processes, and the organizational culture. How these components are
orchestrated can either propel or hinder employee productivity. A positive organizational behavior fosters
an environment where employees feel empowered, valued, and aligned with the organization's objectives.

The symbiotic relationship between leadership styles and organizational behavior is evident – effective
leadership can shape and influence organizational behavior, and the prevailing organizational behavior
can also impact the effectiveness of different leadership styles. Understanding this interplay is essential
for leaders and managers seeking to optimize employee productivity and achieve sustainable
organizational success.
1.2 Statement of problem

Employee performance includes executing defined duties, meeting deadlines, employee competency,

and effectiveness and efficiency in doing work. Various organizations need strong leadership styles that

stimulate the employee performance. Some organizations such as tractor factory face the problems:

poor innovation, low productivity, inability to meet performance targets. his problem happens due to

lack of strategic interventions of specific leadership styles to the particular situations was predicted as

the problem at hand. his problem was continuously affecting employee performance. that’s why study

investigates the best one leadership style that stimulates performance of employees.

It is believed that an effective organization rooted from the propellers or on the business leaders. he

idea of effective leadership is also adopted in the world of technology. The employees also perceived

that there is a need of a leader who should not only have to lead people but also be effective. So, they

need an effective leader who can lead the people toward the changes and performance improvement.

How does a leader perform under the consideration of effective performance of employees and firm?

How does leaders’ effectiveness change the performance.

1.3 Objectives of the study.

The core objectives of this research are:

1. To explore leadership style that contributes to employee performance.

2. To explain the relationship between the effective leadership styles and performance of
employees.
3. To know the significance of leadership styles in the employee performance.

1.4 Research Questions

To guide the exploration, this research will address the following questions:

1. How much effective leadership style caste an effect on employee’s performance?

 2. What are the outcomes if there is an effective leadership style?
3. What is the relationship between participative leadership and employee performance in an
organization?

1.5 Significance of the Study

As such, the completion of this dissertation will provide understanding of the concept present so as to

generate data and information that every planner could use in order to come up with strategies, plans

and designs that will strategically position them in the highly competitive, diverse, and complex business

environment that is experienced at present.

By fulfilling the aims that were stated in the objectives section, this study will be helpful for other

researchers who may be focusing on understanding the concept of effective leadership. he notable

significance of this study is the possibility that other researchers may be able to use the findings in this

study for future studies that will create a huge impact on society. his study finding can be used for other

findings that might prove to be helpful in introducing changes to the business.

The present study findings have been significant in number of ways. It has been contributed to the body

of knowledge by; since the present area is highly under researched in Pakistan and developing countries.

No study has been found to investigate the effects of leadership styles to increase the performance of

employees in Pakistan. So, present study suppose that the findings of the present study has been helped

the leaders in organization of Pakistan especially in tractor factory and those in developing countries in

general to answer the long-standing question of how to enhance leader’s performance.

1.6 Limitations of the study

Some challenges that limited the study were the unwillingness of some of the selected employees

to fill the questionnaires administered to them, the sample size, the sampling method used, the
instrument used to collect the data, the researcher therefore spent much time talking to them to

provide accurate feedbacks. Also, some respondents taught the researcher was on fault-finding

assignment so they had reservation on information relating to the materials and resources in their

organization.

1.7 Delimitations of the study

The study will explore the problem in an interpretative view and investigation, using a descriptive

approach which uses focus group, interviews. To illustrate the descriptive type of research, Bushman will

guide the researchers when he stated: descriptive method of research is to gather information about

the present existing condition. The purpose of employing this method is to describe the nature of a

situation, as it exists at the time of the study and to explore the effects of particular phenomena on the

performance of employees and firm.

1.8 Organization of the Study

The study is made up of five chapters.

Chapter One: Deals with the introduction, background of the study, statement of the problem, purpose

of the study, research questions, significance of the study, limitation, delimitation and organization of the

study.

Chapter Two: Deals with related literature review. It talks about the theories on which the study

is based and the empirical basis of the study.

Chapter Three: Describes the research design, population and sampling, data collection

technique, data collection procedure and data analysis.

Chapter Four: Data Analysis and Findings

Chapter Five: Also deals with the summary of the study, conclusion and recommendation and

suggestion for future researchers.