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Whereas the Parliament of India has set out to provide a practical regime of right to
information for citizens to secure access to information under the control of public authorities,
in order to promote transparency and accountability in the working of every public authority,
and whereas the attached publication of the Bureau of Indian Standards is of particular interest
to the public, particularly disadvantaged communities and those engaged in the pursuit of
education and knowledge, the attached public safety standard is made available to promote the
timely dissemination of this information in an accurate manner to the public.

“जान1 का अ+धकार, जी1 का अ+धकार” “प0रा1 को छोड न' 5 तरफ”

Mazdoor Kisan Shakti Sangathan Jawaharlal Nehru
“The Right to Information, The Right to Live” “Step Out From the Old to the New”

IS 248 (1987): Sodium bisulphite, technical (sodium

metabisulphite) [CHD 1: Inorganic Chemicals]

“!ान $ एक न' भारत का +नम-ण”

Satyanarayan Gangaram Pitroda
“Invent a New India Using Knowledge”

“!ान एक ऐसा खजाना > जो कभी च0राया नहB जा सकता ह”

है”
ह
Bhartṛhari—Nītiśatakam
“Knowledge is such a treasure which cannot be stolen”
 IS ; 248 - 1987
( Reaffirmed 2003 )
Indian Standard
SPECIFICATION FOR
SODIUM BlSULPHITE, TECHNICAL
( SODIUM METABISULPHITE )

(Fourth Revision)
First Reprint SEPTEMBER 1991

UDC 661’833’523

0 Copyright 1988

BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDS

MANAK BHAVAN, 9 BAHADUR SHAH ZAFAR MARG
NEW DELHI 110002

Gr 3 January 1988
 IS : 248 - 1987

Indian Standard
SPECIFICATION FOR
SODIUM BISULPHITE, TECHNICAL
( SODIUM METABISULPHITE )
( Fourth Revision )

Inorganic Chemicals ( Mist ) Sectional Committee, CDC 3

Chairman RGpreS#uting
Da M. S. VAIDY A Dharamsi Morarji Chemical Co Ltd, Bombay

SHRX R. S. V~aa ( Alternate to

Dr M. S. Vaidya )
Dn A. N. BHAT Hindustan Lever Ltd, Bombay
DR B. S. MOULIR ( Alfrrnafr )
DR R. M. BHATNA~AR Projects & Development India Ltd, Sindri
SHRI R. C. BHATTAC~ARYA Directorate General of Technical Development,
New Delhi
SHRI KULTAR SI~QH ( Alkrnate )
SHRI S. N. UHATTACHARYA Tam Chemicals Ltd, Bombay
SHRI S. GANAPATEIY ( Alternate )
SHRI J. C. BOSE Indian Oxygen Ltd, Calcutta
SRRI A. K. DAS ( Alfernafs)
CONTROLLERGENERAL Indian Bureau of Mines, Dhanbad
SIWI V. K. JAIN ( Akmafr)
SHRI S. DAM Geological Survey of India, Calcutta
SIIRI YUDHI~T~IR ( Alternate )
DR A. V. DEO Associated Cement Companies Ltd, lkmhay
SHRI C. H. PAGE ( Alternate )
DR S. GHOSH In personal capacity ( 17-A, ‘F’ Block, Sakrt, Malviyo
Nagor Extension, New Delhi )
DR S. H. IQBAL National Chemical Laboratory ( CSIR ), Pune
SHRI V. B. KHAWA Directorate General of Supplies & Disposals,
New Delhi
SRRI N. K. KAUSHAL ( Alfcrnatc )
SERI N. J. KIKANI Sarabhai M. Chemicals, Vadodara
SHRI H. H. KAVARANA f Altcrnatt )
SHRI P. R. MALHAN D&elopment Commissioner, Small Scale Industries,
New Delhi
SHRI R. MUIWOP~DHYAY ( Alttrnatt )
( Continued on figa 2 )

@ Cobpviihr 1988
BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDS
This publication is protected under the Indian Cofiyright Acf ( XIV of 1957 ) and
reproduction in whole or in part by anv means except with written permission of the
publisher shall be deemed to be an infringement of copyright under the said Act.
1s : 248 - 1987
( Continued from page 1 )

Me?hTS Representing
DR ANIL PANDIT Deepak Nitrite Ltd, Vadodara
SHRI C. S. NA~AR ( Alternate )
DR P. G. PRADRAN Golden Chemicals Pvt Ltd, Bombay
SHRI T. S. KALAHASTY ( Alternate )
SHXI A. K. RAO Shriram Foods & Fertiliser Industries, New Delhi
SHRI A. K. MERRA ( Ahnate )
DR S. B. RAY Ministry of Defence ( DGI )
SHRI P. DAS ( Alternate )
SHRI B. K. SACHAR Ministry of Defence ( R & D )
SHEI A. D. GUPTA ( Alternate )
SHRIC.R.SANTHANAKnISHNAN Travancore Chemical & Manufacturing Co Ltd,
Mettur Dam
SRRI K. V. MANI ( Alternate )
SRRI C. P. SHARDA Shri Ram Institute for Industrial Research, Delhi
SHRI L. B. SRIVASTAVA ( Alternate )
DR V. S. SUBRAMAN~AN Regional Research Laboratory ( CSIR ), Hyderabad
DR MOHII Z~FAR JAMIL ( Alternate )
SHRI N. C. THAKIXR Indian Chemical Manufacturers’ Association,
Calcutta
SHRI S. C. THAICUR Indian Oil Corporation Ltd ( Refineries & Pipelines
Division J. New.Delhi
SHKI MUS~FIR SINQH ( Alternate )
SHRISATI~EI CHANDER, Director General, BIS ( Ex-o$cio Member )
Director ( Chem )
Swrctary
SHRI M. BARSHI GUPTA
Deputy Director ( Chem ), BIS

Auxiliary Chemicals Subcommittee, CDC 3 : 18

Convener
SHRI J. C. BOSE Indian Oxygen Ltd, Calcutta

Members
SHRI S. BALASUBRAYANIAN Tamil Nadu Chemical Products Ltd, Madras
SHI~IK. SUBRAMANIAN ( Alternate )
DR R. M. BHATNA~AR Projects & Development India Ltd, Sindri
SHRI A. T. BR~EMBHATT Kalali Chemicals Ltd, Vadodara
SHRI P. M. SARAIYA ( Alternate )
SHRI P. C. GOPINATH Travancore-Cochin Chemicals Ltd, Udyogamandal
SRRI C. N. G. NAIR ( Alternate )
SHRI A. R. JATANIA All India Cast Iron Powder Manufacturers
Association, Ahmadabad
DR ANIL PANDIT Deepak Nitrite Ltd, Vadodara
SHRI C. S. NAQ~R ( Ahmate )
DR P. G. PRADHAN Golden Chemicals Pvt Ltd, Bombay
SHRI T. S. KALAHASTY ( Alternate )
( Continued on page 12 )

2
 IS:240-1987

Indian Standard
SPECIFICATION FOR
SODIUM BISULPHlTE, TECHNICAL
( SODIUM METABISULPHJTE )

( Fourth Revision )

0. FOREWORD
0.1 This Indian Standard ( Fourth Revision ) was adopted by the Bureau
of Indian Standards on 28 May 1987, after the draft finalized by the
Inorganic Chemicals ( Mist ) Sectional Committee had been approved by
the Chemical Division Council.
0.2 Sodium bisulphite ( sodium metabisulphite ) is used in the prepara-
tion of dyes, intermediates, organic chemicals, perfumery; in the digestion
of wood pulp, in leather tanning, as an antichlor and mordant in textile
industry. It is also used as food preservative, in photography as reducing
agent, in copper and brass plating, as colour preservative for pale crepe
rubber, general antiseptic, as pesticides and a source of sulphur dioxide.
0.3 This standard was first issued in 1954 and subsequently revised in
1961, 1971 and 1978.
0.4 This standard has been revisecl again deleting the photographic
grade as a separate Indian Standard on this item is being formulated by
Photographic Materials Sectional Committee. A new spectrophotometric
method has been prescribed as an alternate method for the determination
of iron.
0.4.1 This standard, however, does not cover its application as food
preservative and pesticides.
0.5 For the purpose of deciding whether a particular requirement of this
standard is complied with, the final value, observed or calculated,
expressing the result of a test or analysis, shall be rounded off in accor-
dance with IS : 2- 1!‘60*. The number of significant places retained in
the rounded off value should be the same as that of the specified value
in this stantlard.

*Rules for rounding off numerical values ( raised ).

3
IS s 248 - 1987

1. SCOPE

1.1 This standard prescribes the requirements and the methods of sampl-
ing and test for sddium bisulphite ( sodium metabisulphite ).
2. REQUIREMENTS
2.1 Description - The material shall be dry, white or cream coloured
powder, free from extraneous matter and having a faint smell of sulphur
dioxide gas.
2.2 The material shall also conform to the requirements laid down in
Table 1, when tested in accordance with the methods prescribed in
Appendix A.

TABLE 1 REQUIREMENTS FOR SODIUM BISULPHITE

SL CHARACTERISTIO REQUIREMENT METHOD OF TEST

No. ( REF TO CLAUSE No.
IN APPENDIX A )

(1) (2) (3) (4)

i) Puzri;s (giDa content ), percent by 60.0 A-2

ii) pH ofkpercent solution 4.5 to 5.5 A-3

iii) Matter insoluble in water, percent o-1 A-4
by mass, Max
iv) Iron ( as Fe ), percent by mass, Max 0’02 A-5
v) He;;;s m;;is ( as Pb ), percent by 0.1 A-6
,
vi) Appearance of solution To pass test A-7

3. PACl$ING AND MARKING

3.1 Packing - The material shall be suitably packed taking care that
it does not come in direct contact with iron container either during
storage or in transit.
3.2 Marking -+ The containers shall be marked with the name of the
material; name of the manufacturer and recognized trade-mark, if any;
net mass and the year of manufacture.
3.2.1 The containers may also be marked with the Standard &lark,
NOTE - The use of the Standard Mark is governed by the provisions of the Bureau
of Indian Standards Act, 1986 and the Rules and Regulations made thereunder. The
Standard Mark on products covered by an Indian Standard conveys the assurance
that they have been produced to comply with the requirements of that standard under
a well-defined system of inspection, testing and quality control which is devised and
supervised by BIS and operated by the producer. Standard marked products are
also continuously checked by BIS for conformitv to that standard as a further
safeguard. Details of conditions under which a iicence for the use of the Standard
Mark may be granted to manufacturers or producers, may be obtained from the
Bureau of Indian Standards.

4
 IS : 248 - 1987

i. SCALE OF SAMPLING AND CRITERIA FOR CONFORMITY

4.1 The scale of sampling and criteria for conformity of the material to
the standard shall be as prescribed in Appendix B.

APPENDIX A
( Clam 2.2 and Table 1 )
METHODS OF TEST FOR SODIUM BISULPHITE

A-l. QUALITY OF REAGENTS

A-l.1 Unless specified otherwise, pure chemicals and distilled water

( JCCIS : 1070-1977* ) shall be used in tests.
NOTE - ‘Pure chemicals shall mean chemicals that do not contain in Furities
which affect the rerulrs of analysis.

A-2. DETERMINATION OF PURITY OF SODIUM BISULPHITE

A-2.1 Reagents
A-2.1.1 Starch Solution - Take 3 g of starch and make a paste with
cold water. Pour the paste into 1 litre of boiling water and add 10 ml of
one percent salicylic acid.
A-2.1.2 Potassium Iodide - crystals.
A-2.1.3 Iodine Solution - approximately 0.1 K. Dissolve in a 1 000 ml
volumetric flask about 12.5 g of resublimed iodine in a concentrated
solution of 35 g of potassium iodide. Make up the solution to 1 COOml.
A-2.1.4 Standard -Sodium Thiosulphatc Solutiorl - 0.1 N. Dissolve about
25 g of crystallized sodium thiosulphate in 1 000 ml of recently boiled
water in a volumetric flask. Standardize the solution against standard
potassium dichromate or freshly standardized iodine solution, using
towards the end of the reaction, starch solution as indicator. The solution
shall be prepared freshly.
A-2.2 Procedure - Weigh accurately about 0.2 g of the material and
add it to exactly 50 ml of standard iodine solution. Allow to stand for 5
minutes, add 1 ml of hydrochloric acid and titrate the excess of iodine
with standard sodium thiosulphate solution, using starch solution as
indicator. The end point of the reaction being indicated by the disappear-
ance of blue colour. Carry out a blank titration with same amounts of
reagents but without sample.

lSpecificaGon for water for general laboratory use ( semnd wision ).

5
IS : 248 - 1987

A-2.3 Calculation - Calculate the percentage of sulphur dioxide

( SO2 ) on the basis that 1 ml of O-1 N iodine solution is equivalent to
0.003 203 g of sufphur dioxide ( SO% ).
Purity ( as SO2 content ),
(v,-V)N
percent by mass = 3.203 x
M

VI = volume in ml of standard thiosulphate required for blank,

V = volume in ml of standard thiosulphate required for test,
JV = normality of standard thiosulphate solution, and
M = mass in g ofthe materia1 taken for the test.
A-3. DETERMINATION OF pH

A-3.1 Apparatus

A-3.1.1 pH Meter - Equipped with a standard calomel electrode and

a glass electrode.
A-3.2 Procedure - Dissolve 5 g of the material in 100 ml of carbon-
dioxide-free water. Determine the PH by PH meter.

A-4. DETERMINATION OF MATTER INSOLUBLE IN WATER

A-4.1 Apparatus

A-4.1.1 Gooth Crucible or Sintered Gluss Crucible - Porosity No. 4.

A-4.2 Procedure - Weigh accurately about 50 g of the material and
dissolvd in 300 ml of water. Filter through the tared Gooch crucible or
tared sintered glass crucible and wash well with water. Dry at
105 _I 2°C to constant mass.
A-4.3 Calculation
Matter insoluble in water,
= 100 x m
percent by mass
M

where
m = mass in g of the residue.obtained, and
M = mass in g of the sample taken for the test.

A-5. TEST FOR IRON

A-5.0 The following two methods are prescribed:
a) Calorimetric method, and
b) Spectrophotometric method.
 IS : 248 - 1987

A-5.1 Calorimetric Method

A-5.1.1 Principle - Iron is determined calorimetrically by visual c0m-

parison of the colour in Kessler cylinders using potassium thiocyanate.
A-$1.1.1 Jfesslcrcylinders - 50 ml capacity.

A-5.1.2 Reagents
A-5.1.2.1 Ammonium pcrsulphate - solid.
A-5.1.2.2 Concentrated hydrochloric acid - See IS : 2651976*.

A-5.1.2.3 Butanolic potassium thiocyawte solution -- Dissolve 10 g of

potassium thiocyanate in 10 ml of water. Add sulhcient n-butanol to
make 100 ml and shake vigorously unttl solution is ciear.
A-5.1.2.4 Standard iron solution - Dissolve 0.702 of ferrous
ammonium sulphate [ FeSOa. ( NH4 )2 SO4.6HzO ] in waL containing
10 ml of dilute sulphuric acid ( 10 percent ) and dilute to one litre in a
volumetric flask. One millilitre of the solution contains 0.1 mg 0f iron
(as Fe). Eurther dilute 100 ml of the solution to 1 000 ml. One millilitre
of the diluted solution contains 0’01 mg of iron ( as Fe ).
A-5.1.3 Procedure - Dissolve 1.00 g of the sample in 30 ml of hot
water, add 5 ml of hydrochloric acid and evaporate to dryness on a steam
bath. Add 15 ml of hot water and 2 ml of hydrochloric acid and
evaporate again to complete dryness. Dissolve the residue in 10 ml of
water and transfer to a beaker. Add ! ml of hydrochloric acid, about
30 mg of ammonium persulphate, heat to boiling, cool and transfer to a
Nessler cylinder. Add 15 ml of butanolic potassium thiocyanate. Shake
vigorously for 30 seconds and allow the two layers to separate. For
control test, take 2 ml ofstandard iron solution and repeat the test as
above.
A-5.1.3.1 The limit prescribed in Table 1 shall be taken as not hav-
ing been exceeded, if the red colour produced in the butanolic layer of
the sample solution is not more intense than that produced in the control
test.
A-5.2 Spectrophotometric Method

A-5.2.0 Outline of the Method - Iron is reduced to ferrous state by

thioglycollic acid and then treated with excess of ammonium hydroxide.
The intensity of the resultant pink coloured complex is measured in a
rpectrophotometer at 535 m-n at PH 10.

A-5.2.1 Apparatus
A-5.2.1.1 Any suitable spectrophotometer.

*Specification for hydrochloric acid ( second reuirion ).

7
IS:248 - 1987

A-5.2.2 Reagents

A-5.2.2.1 Dilute sulphuric acid - 10 percent ( v/v ).

A-5.2.2.2 Standard iron solution - Weigh 0’702 g of ferrous ammonium

sulphate [ FeSOd. ( NH* )s Sod. 6HsO ] and dissolve in 10 ml of dilute
sulphuric acid. Dilute with water to make up the volume to 1 000 ml.
Transfer 10 ml of this solution and again dilute with water to make up
the volume to 100 ml. One ml of this solution is equivalent to 0.01 mg
of iron ( as Fe ).

A-5.2.2.3 Concentrated flydrochloric acid - See IS : 265-1976*.

A-5.2.2.4 Dilute ammonium hydroxide - Approx 6 N.

A-5.2.2.5 Thiog&olfic acid AR ( SH.CHsCOOH ) - 10 percent

( 47) ).

A-5.3 Procedure - Weigh about 10 g of the sample, dissolve in about

75 ml of water. Add one millilitre of concentrated hydrochloric acid and
boil for two minutes. Cool to 15°C and add 10 ml of 10 percent thioglycollic
acid solution. Add dilute ammonium hydroxide solution drop by drop
till pale pink colour appears keeping the temperature of the solution below
15°C. Add one millilitre more of dilute ammonium hydroxide solution to
bring to @H about 10. Dilute to 100 ml in a standard volumetric flask.
Read the intensity of the colour in a spectrophotometer using 535 nm
wavelength. Note down the reading. Run a blank on all the reagents
following the above procedure, Subtract this reading from the reading
obtained with the sample. Let this be A.

A-5.3.1 Prepare a series of standard iron solution by taking 2, 5, 7, 10,

15 and 20 ml of standard iron solution. Subject them to above procedure
and note down the readings. Plot a standard curve for readings obtained
against concentration of iron ( as Fe ).

A-5.4 Calculation

Iron ( as Fe ), percent by A
mass
- ?-o-Miz--

where

A -_ mg of Fe from the calibratiou curve, and

M-mass in g of prepared sample taken for test.
- _
*Specification for hgdrochloric acid ( second mikw ).

8
 IS 1248 - 1987

A-6. TEST FOR HEAVY METALS

A-6.1 Apparatrm
A-6.1.1 ,hkwl~rCylinders - 50 ml capacity.
A-6.2 Reagent8
A-6.2.1 Acetic Acid - approximately 33 percent ( m/u ).
A-6.2.2 Dilute Ammonium Hydroxide Solution - approximately 10 percent
( vlv )-
A-6.2.3 Concentrated Hydrochloric Acid - See IS : 265- 1976*.
A-6.2.4 Standard bad Solution - Dissolve 1’60 g oflead nitrate in water
and make up the solution to 2 litres in a volumetric flqsk. One millilitre
of the solution contains O-5 mg of lgad ( as Pb ). Further dilute 100 ml of
the solution to 1 000 ml. One millilitre of the diluted solution contains
0.05 mg of lead ( as Pb ).
A-6.2.5 Sodium Sulphidc Solution - 10 percent ( m/v ), freshly prepared.
A-6.3 Procedure - Dissolye 4.00 g of the sampld in 20 ml of hot water.
Add 6 ml of hydrochloric acid and evaporate the contents nearly to
dryness on a water bath. Add 15 ml 07 hot water, 3 ml of hydrochloric
acid and evaporate again on the water bath. Finally heat for ,l hour at
150°C. Dissolve the residue in water, filter and make up the filtrate to
50 ml in a volumetric fltik.
A-6.3.1 Pipette into a Nessler cylinder 12.5 ml of the sample solution,
4 ml of standard lead solution and 1 ml of acetic acid. Add 2 drops of
sodium sulphide solution and make up to the mark with water. Mix well.
A-6.3.1.1 To another Nessler cylinder add the remaining 37.5 ml of
the sample solution and 1 ml of acetic acid. Add 2 drops of sodium
sulphide solution and make up to the mark with water. Mix well.
A-6.3.2 The limits prescribed in Table 1 shall be taken as not having
been exceeded if the colour produced in the second cylinder is not more
intense than that produced in the first.

A-7. APPEARANCE OF SOLUTION

A-7.1 Dissolve 20 g of the material in a little quantity of water and make
up the volume to 100 ml. The solution shall not have more than a pale
yellow colour and shall be free from extraneous impurities other than
slight flocculence.

lSyccificationfor hydrochloric acid ( rrcond r&ion ).

9
16t 248 - 1987

APPENDIX B
( Clause 4.7 )
SAMPLING OF SODIUM BISULPHITE

B-l. GENERAL REQUIREMENTS OF SAMPLING

B-l.0 In drawing, preparing, storing and handling test samples, the

precautions given in B-l.1 to B-l.7 shall be observed.

B-l.1 Samples shall not be taken at a place exposed to weather.

B-l.2 Precautions shall be taken to protect the samples, the material

being sampled, the sampling instrument and the containers for samples
from adventitious contamination.

B-l.3 To draw a representative sample, the contents of each container

selected for sampling shall be mixed thoroughly by suitable means.

B-l.4 The samples shall be placed in suitable, clean, dry and air-tight
opaque glass or plastics containers.

B-l.5 The sample containers shah be of such a size that they are almost
completely filled by the sample.

B-l.6 Each sample container shall be sealed air-tight after filling and
marked with full details of sampling, the date of sampling and the year
of manufacture.
B-l.7 Samples shall be stored in such a manner that the temperature of
the material does not vary unduly from the normal temperature.

B-2. SCALE OF SAMPLING

B-2.1 Lot - All the containers in a single consignment of the material

drawn from a single batch of manufacture shall constitute a lot.

B-~1.1 Samples shall be tested from each lot for ascertaining the
conformity of the material to the requirements of the specification.
B-2.2 The number ( n ) of containers to be chosen from a lot depends OII
the size of the lot ( N) and shall be in accordance with co1 1 and 2 of
Table 2.
B-2.3 The containers to be selected for sampling shall be drawn at
random from the lot. For randdm sampling procedures, guidance may
be obtained fram IS : 49051968*

*Methods for random sampling.

. 10
 ISr24S-1981

TABLE 2 SCALE OF SAMPLING OF CONTAINERS

( Clausr B-Z.2 )

LOT SIZE NUMBER OFCONTAINERIJ

TOBE SELECTEDIHTHB
SABiPLS
W (4

(1) (2)

up to 50 3
51 to 100 4
101 to 300 5
301andabove 7

B-3. PREPARATION OF TEST SAMPLES

B-3.1 Draw, with an appropriate sampling instrument, 50 g of sodium
bisulphite from different parts of each container selected. This portion
shall be transferred to suitable sample container. From each of the
sample containers approximately equal quantities of the material shall be
taken and mixed together to give a composite sample weighing about
100 g. The remaining material in each of the sample container is termed
as individual sample.

B-4. CRITERIA FOR CONFORMITY

B-4.1 Test for purity of the material shall be conducted on individual
samples. The lot shall be considered as conforming to the specification
if all the individual samples pass the test.
B-4.2 Tests for alI other characteristics shall be carried out on composite
sample. The lot shall be declared as conforming to the specification
if the test results on the composite sample satisfy the corresponding
requirements.

11
IS : 248 - 1987

( Continued from pug/ 2 )

Members Rapwsrntirrg
SHRI R. R. R.kv Waldies Ltd. Calcutta
SHRI S. K. BARAT ( Alrrrnafr )
DR H. C. SHAH 3 K Chemical Co, Thane
SHRIMATI K. H. SHAH ( Alfarnatr )
SHRI S. R. SINQE Development Commissioner, Small Scale Industrier,
New Delhi
SHRI J. C. PASRIJA ( Affarnnfr)
SHRI S. S. SIN~HANIA Forum of Small Scale Entrepreneurs, Calcutta
Sam B. L. KANODIA ( Alfcrnafe )
DR J. K. SINHA Central Mining Research Station ( CSIR ), Dhanbad
SHRI V. B. SONI Electrolytic Manganese Co ( Division of Union
Carbide India Ltd ), Thane
SHRI D. GEOSH ( Altrrnafr )
DR M. S. VAIDYA Dharamsi Morarji Chemical Co Ltd, Bomba
SHRI R. S. VYA~ ( Allcrnatr )

12
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