Construction Estimating Using Excel 3rd Edition Peterson

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ESSAY. Write your answer in the space provided or on a separate sheet of paper.

The following figures are used for the test questions for this chapter:

Figure 1: Opening

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Figure 2: Foundation Wall

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Figure 3: Brick Facing

1) Determine the number of 7 5/8-inch-high by 5 5/8-inch-wide by 15 5/8-inch-long concrete blocks

required to complete a wall 100 feet long by 10 feet high. Allow for a 3/8-inch mortar joint.
Answer: Using Eq. (4-14) to find the number of rows, we get the

following: NumberRows = (10 ft)(12 in/ft)/(7 5/8 in + 3/8 in)

= 15 rows

Using Eq. (4-17) to get the number of columns, we get the following:

NumberColumns = (100 ft)(12 in/ft)/(15 5/8 in + 3/8 in) = 75

columns

Using Eq. (4-18), the number of blocks needed is calculated as

follows: Number = (15 rows)(75 columns) = 1,125 blocks

2) A 100-foot-long by 10-foot-high wall is constructed of 7 5/8-inch-high by 5 5/8-inch-wide

by 15
5/8-inch-long concrete blocks and has bond beams spaced 4 feet on center. How many bond beam blocks
need
to be ordered? Allow for a 3/8-inch mortar
joint.
Answer: Three bond beams are required; one at four feet, one at eight feet, and one at ten feet. Using Eq. (4-
17) to get the number of columns, we get the following:

Number Columns = (100 ft)(12 in/ft)/(15 5/8 in + 3/8 in) = 75

columns

The number of bond beam blocks is calculated using Eq. (4-18) as

follows: Number = (3 rows)(75 columns) = 225 blocks

3) A 100-foot-long by 10-foot-high wall is constructed of 7 5/8-inch-high by 5 5/8-inch-wide

by 15
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5/8-inch-long concrete blocks. Determine the number of 20-foot-long #4 rebar needed for the wall if the wall
is horizontally reinforced by bond beams at 4 feet on center. Each bond beam has two each #4 rebar. The rebar
is to be lapped 18 inches.
Answer: Three bond beams are required; one at four feet, one at eight feet, and one at ten. For the bond beams,
six
100-foot-long #4 rebar are required for a total length of 600 feet. The number of 20-foot-long
bars is calculated using Eq (4-6) as follows:

Number = (600 ft)/(20 ft -1.5 ft) = 33 each

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4) Determine quantity and length of vertical rebar needed for a 100-foot-long by 10-foot-high wall if the
wall is vertically reinforced with #5 rebar at 32 inches on center. The rebar is to be lapped 18 inches.
Answer: The number of vertical bars is calculated using Eq. (4-1) as

follows: Number = (100 ft)(12 in/ft)/(32 in) + 1 = 39 each

Each of these vertical bars will be ordered in the following increments: 5 foot 6 inch long for the first
four feet of the wall and 5 foot 11 inch long for the last six feet of the wall. The wall will require thirty-
nine #5 rebar 5 foot 6 inches long and thirty-nine #5 rebar 5 feet 11 inches long.

5) Determine the quantity of mortar needed for a 100-foot-long by 10-foot-high block wall if 5.2 cubic
feet of mortar is required per 100 square feet of block.
Answer: The area of the wall is calculated as

follows: Area = (100 ft)(10 ft) = 1,000

ft2

The number of cubic yards of mortar needed is calculated as

follows: Volume = (1,000 ft2 )(5.2 ft3 /100 ft2 )(1 yd3 /27 ft3 ) =

1.9 yd3

6) Determine the quantity of grout needed for a 100-foot-long by 10-foot-high block wall if 19 cubic feet of
grout is required per 100 square feet of block.
Answer: The number of cubic yards of grout needed is calculated as

follows: Volume = (1,000 ft2 )(19 ft3 /100 ft2 )(1 yd3 /27 ft3 ) =

7.0 yd3

7) Determine the additional rebar required for the opening in Figure 1. The wall is constructed of 7 5/8-inch-
high by 7 5/8-inch-wide by 15 5/8-inch-long blocks with a 3/8 inch mortar joint. The rebar extends 14
inches to the sides of the opening, 16 inches above, and 8 inches below.
Answer: The bars above and below the openings need to be 5 feet 8 inches long (14" + 3' 4" + 14"). The bars
to the sides need to be 4 feet 8 inches long (16" + 2' 8" + 8"). Three 5 feet 8 inches long and four 4 feet
8 inches long need to be ordered.

8) What lumber is needed if a 2×8 frame with a center support will be provided to support the opening in
Figure 1 until the grout has cured?
Answer: Two 3 feet 4-inch-long pieces for the top and the bottom can be cut from one 8-foot-long 2×8.
Three 2 feet 5 inch-long (2' 8" - 1.5" - 1.5") can be cut from one 8-foot-long 2×8. Order two 8-feet-
long 2×8s.

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9) How many blocks are needed to complete the 4-foot-high foundation wall in Figure 2 if it is constructed
of 7
5/8-inch-high by 7 5/8-inch-wide by 15 5/8-inch-long concrete blocks with a 3/8 inch mortar joint?
Answer: The lengths of the walls are shown in Figure below.

The total length of the wall is calculated as follows:

Length = 16 ft + 5 ft 4 in + 20 ft 8 in + 14 ft 8 in + 36 ft + 20 ft 8 in = 113 ft 4 in

Using Eq. (4-14) to find the number of rows, we get the

following: NumberRows = (4 ft)(12 in/ft)/(7 5/8 in + 3/8 in)

= 6 rows

Using Eq. (4-17) to get the number of columns, we get the following:

NumberColumns = (113 ft 4 in)(12 in/ft)/(15 5/8 in + 3/8 in) = 85 columns

Using Eq. (4-18), the number of blocks needed is calculated as

follows: Number = (6 rows)(85 columns) = 510 blocks

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10) Determine the number of 2 1/2-inch-high by 3 1/2-inch-wide by 11 1/2-inch-long bricks that are
required to face a wall 50 feet long by 6 feet high. Allow for a 1/2 inch mortar joint.
Answer: Using Eq. (4-14) to find the number of rows of brick, we get the

following: Number Rows = (6 ft)(12 in/ft)/(2 1/2 in + 1/2 in) = 24

rows

Using Eq. (4-17) to get the number of columns, we get the following:

Number Columns = (50 ft)(12 in/ft)/(11 1/2 in + 1/2 in) = 50 columns

Using Eq. (4-18), the number of bricks needed is calculated as

follows: Number = (24 rows)(50 columns) = 1,200 bricks

11) Determine the number of corrugated masonry ties that are required to tie the brick facing to the wood
framing for a wall 50 feet long by 6 feet high wall. The spacing between the ties is to be 12 inches
measured vertically
and 24 inches measured horizontally. Ties are to be located within 6 inches of the ends. The brick facing sits
on a
concrete foundation wall.
Answer: The ties will be laid out in rows and columns along the wall. A column will occur every two feet
along the wall. The columns will consist of six rows of ties, which are located at 1 foot, 2 feet, 3
feet, 4 feet, 5 feet, and 5 feet 9 inches above the base of the wall. A tie is not needed at the base of
the wall because it will bear on a footing, foundation, or steel lintel. Using Eq. (4-1) to determine
the number of vertical columns of ties, we get the following:

Number = (50 ft)/(2 ft) + 1 = 26 columns

The number of ties is 156 (6 × 26).

12) Determine the quantity of mortar needed for a 50-foot-long by 6-foot-high brick-faced wall if 9.2 cubic
feet of mortar is required per 100 square feet of brick.
Answer: The area of the wall is calculated as

follows: Area = (6 ft)(50 ft) = 300 ft 2

The number of cubic yards of mortar needed is calculated as

follows: Volume = (300 ft2 )(9.2 ft3 /100 ft2 )(1 yd3 /27 ft3 ) = 1.0

yd3

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13) How many 2 1/2-inch-high by 3 1/2-inch-wide by 7 1/2-inch-long bricks are required to face the wall in
Figure 3? Allow for a 1/2 inch mortar joint.
Answer: Divide the brick into three areas, the two sides and the top. Using Eq. (4-14) to find the number of
rows of brick, we get the following for the top:

Number Rows = (3 ft)(12 in/ft)/(2 1/2 in + 1/2 in) = 12 rows

Using Eq. (4-17) to get the number of columns, we get the

following: NumberColumns = (24 ft)(12 in/ft)/(7 1/2 in + 1/2 in)

= 36 columns

Using Eq. (4-18), the number of blocks needed is calculated as follows:

NumberTop = (12 rows)(36 columns) = 432 bricks

Using Eq. (4-14) to find the number of rows of brick, we get the following for each of the

sides: NumberRows = (7 ft)(12 in/ft)/(2 1/2 in + 1/2 in) = 28 rows

Using Eq. (4-17) to get the number of columns, we get the following:

NumberColumns = (4 ft)(12 in/ft)/(7 1/2 in + 1/2 in) = 6 columns

Using Eq. (4-18), the number of blocks needed is calculated as

follows: NumberEach Side = (28 rows)(6 columns) = 168 bricks

Number = 432 bricks + (2 sides)(168 bricks/side) = 768 bricks

14) Determine the number of corrugated masonry ties that are required to complete the wall in Figure 3. The
spacing between the ties is to be 12 inches measured vertically and 30 inches measured horizontally. Ties
are to be located within 6 inches of the ends. The brick facing sits on a concrete foundation wall.
Answer: The ties will be laid out in rows and columns along the wall. A column will occur every 30 inch
along the wall. The columns will consist of eight rows of ties, which are located at 1 foot, 2 feet, 3
feet, 4 feet, 5 feet,
6 feet, 7 feet, 8 feet, 9 feet, and 9 feet 9 inches above the base of the wall. A tie is not needed at the base
of the wall because it will bear on a footing, foundation, or steel lintel and over the overhead door
because the brick will bear on a steel lintel. At each side, three columns of ties with seven rows will be
needed. At the top three rows of ties will be needed. The number of ties in the top row is calculated
using Eq. (4-1) as follows:

Number = (24 ft)(12 in/ft)/(30 in) + 1 = 11 columns

The number of ties is 75 (2 × 3 × 7 + 11 × 3).

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15) Determine the quantity of mortar needed for the wall in Figure 3 if 10.3 cubic feet of mortar is required
per 100 square feet of brick.
Answer: The area of the wall is calculated as follows:

Area = (10 ft)(24 ft) - (7 ft)(16 ft) = 128

ft 2

The number of cubic yards of mortar needed is calculated as

follows: Volume = (128 ft2 )(10.3 ft3 /100 ft2 )(1 yd3 /27 ft3 ) = 0.5

yd3

16) Excel Quick Tip 6-1: Block Wall

Determine the materials needed to construct 82 feet of 6-foot-high wall. The wall is constructed of 7
5/8-inch-high by 5 5/8-inch-wide by 15 5/8-inch-long blocks with a 3/8-inch mortar joint. The bond
beams are spaced four feet on center and contains two #4 rebar. The wall is vertically reinforced by a #5
rebar at 24 inches on center. The rebar is to be lapped 30 bar diameters. The horizontal bars are to be
ordered in 20 foot lengths.
Historical data show that 6 cubic feet of mortar and 19 cubic feet of grout are needed for 100 square feet of
wall. Answer:
Wall Length 82 ft
- in
Wall Height 6 ft
- in
Block Length 15.625 in
Block Height 7.625 in
Joint Thickness 0.375 in
Bond Beam Spacing 48 in
Number of Horizontal Bars per Bond 2 ea
Beam Length for Bond Beam Rebar
Splice 15.00 in
Order Length of Horizontal Rebar 20.00 ft
Vertical Rebar Spacing 24 in
Splice Length for Vertical Rebar 18.75 in
Mortar 6 cft/100 sft
Grout 19 cft/100 sft

Rows 9 ea
Columns 62 ea
Bond Beams 2 ea
Standard Blocks 434 ea
Bond Beam Blocks 124 ea
Horizontal Rebar 18 ea
Length of Vertical Rebar (1) 67 in
Vertical Rebar (1) - ea
Length of Vertical Rebar (2) 71 in
Vertical Rebar (2) 42 ea
Mortar 1.1 cyd
Grout 3.5 cyd
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17) Excel Quick Tip 6-2: Brick Wall
Determine the number of bricks, corrugated masonry ties, and mortar needed to face a wall 80 feet long by 8
feet high. The brick is 2-1/2 inches high by 3-1/2 inches wide by 7-1/2 inches long. Allow for a half inch
mortar joint. The spacing between the ties is to be 24 inches measured vertically and 24 inches measured
horizontally. Historically 13.1 cubic feet of mortar is required per 100 square feet of brick.
Answer:
Wall Length 80 ft
- in
Wall Height 8 ft
- in
Brick Length 7.500 in
Brick Height 2.500 in
Joint Thickness 0.500 in
Vertical Tie Spacing 24 in
Horizontal Tie Spacing 24 in
Mortar 13.1 cft/100 sft

Rows of Brick 32 ea
Columns of Brick 120 ea
Bricks 3,840 ea
Rows of Ties 4 ea
Columns of Ties 41 ea
Ties 164 ea
Mortar 3.1 cyd

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