Solution Manual for Introduction to Chemical

Principles 11th Edition Stoker 0321814630

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Introduction to Chemical Principles, 11e (Stoker)

Chapter 5 Atoms, Molecules, and Subatomic Particles

5.1 Multiple Choice

1) Which of the following statements is not a part of atomic theory?

A) Chemical change involves a union, separation, or rearrangement of atoms.
B) A pure substance will have a varying relative number of atom types.
C) All matter is made up of atoms.
D) Atoms are considered indestructible during chemical change.
Answer: B
Section List: 5-1
Learning Obj: 5.1
Global LO: G2

2) The diameters and masses of atoms are, respectively, on the order of ________.
A) 10−11 m and 10−11 g
B) 10−23 m and 10−10 g
C) 10−24 m and 10−10 g
D) 10−10 m and 10−23 g
Answer: D
Section List: 5-1
Learning Obj: 5.1
Global LO: G2

3) Which of the following statements is incorrect according to the modern atomic theory?
A) An atom of 18O has the same approximate mass of an atom of 18F.
B) An example of a chemical reaction is 2C + O2 → 2 CO.
C) Some carbohydrates have a formula of C4.5H9O4.5.
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D) H2O and H2O2 are possible compounds of hydrogen and oxygen.
Answer: C
Section List: 5-1
Learning Obj: 5.1
Global LO: G2

4) Which one of the following statements about atoms is correct?

A) The proton is the smallest "piece" of an atom that can exist and still have the properties of the
atom.
B) Free, isolated atoms are virtually never encountered in nature.
C) Atoms may be decomposed using physical change.
D) Two kinds of atoms may be present in a homoatomic molecule.
Answer: B
Section List: 5-1
Learning Obj: 5.1
Global LO: G2

5) Which one of the following statements about molecules is correct?

A) Some compounds have molecules as their basic structural unit.
B) For a molecular compound, the atom is the limit of chemical subdivision.
C) For a molecular compound, the atom is the limit of physical subdivision.
D) Molecules of compounds may be either heteroatomic or homoatomic.
Answer: A
Section List: 5-2
Learning Obj: 5.2
Global LO: G2

6) Which one of the following statements about heteroatomic molecules is incorrect?

A) Atoms in a heteroatomic molecule may be the same atom.
B) Upon chemical subdivision, heteroatomic molecules always yield two or more kinds of
atoms.
C) Heteroatomic molecules do not maintain the properties of their constituent elements.
D) Elements are never heteroatomic molecules.
Answer: A
Section List: 5-2
Learning Obj: 5.2
Global LO: G2

7) Which statement about ionic compounds is incorrect?

A) Ionic compounds do not contain individual molecules.
B) Ionic compounds are charged, they are not electrically neutral.
C) Ionic compounds have an extended 3-dimensional assembly of ions.
D) Ionic compounds do not share the characteristics of the constituent elements.
Answer: B
Section List: 5-2
Learning Obj: 5.2
Global LO: G2

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8) Which statement concerning the molecules depicted is incorrect?

A) The molecules in box I represent a pure substance.

B) The molecules in box III represent a mixture of elements.
C) The molecules in box II represent a compound composed of two different elements.
D) The molecules in box IV represents two different compounds and an element.
Answer: B
Section List: 5-2
Learning Obj: 5.2
Global LO: G2

9) A compound that is made in the laboratory is called a ________ compound while a compound
found in nature is called a ________ compound.
A) synthetic, natural
B) natural, synthetic
C) synthetic, synthetic
D) natural, natural
Answer: A
Section List: 5-3
Learning Obj: 5.3
Global LO: G5

10) An example of a compound that was once found in mold but is now made synthetically is
________.
A) cyclosporin
B) penicillin
C) vitamin C
D) aspirin
Answer: B
Section List: 5-3
Learning Obj: 5.3
Global LO: G5

11) In the formula C4H8O2 ________.

A) there are 2 different elements
B) the ratio of carbon to hydrogen to oxygen atoms is 2:4:1
C) the percentage by mass of hydrogen is the same as oxygen
D) there is a total of 10 atoms
Answer: B
Section List: 5-4
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Learning Obj: 5.4
Global LO: G4

12) In which of the following compounds does one molecule of the compound contain 3
elements and 8 atoms?
A) NaHCO3
B) C2H7N
C) H3AsO4
D) POCl3
Answer: C
Section List: 5-4
Learning Obj: 5.4
Global LO: G4

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13) In which of the following pairs of formulas do the two members of the pair contain the same
number of elements as well as the same number of atoms?
A) Co and CO
B) NaHCO3 and NaHSO4
C) SO3 and SO2
D) Cl2CO and C2HCl
Answer: D
Section List: 5-4
Learning Obj: 5.4
Global LO: G4

14) The total number of atoms present in 2 formula units of Ca(NO3)2 is ________.
A) 9
B) 18
C) 25
D) 30
Answer: B
Section List: 5-4
Learning Obj: 5.4
Global LO: G4

15) The total number of atoms present in five formula units of Sr(C2H3O2)2 is ________.
A) 65
B) 75
C) 18
D) 15
Answer: B
Section List: 5-4
Learning Obj: 5.4
Global LO: G4

16) How many atoms of each element are present in 3 formula units of (NH4)2HAsO4?
A) 10 N atoms, 18 H atoms, 5 As atoms, 18 O atoms
B) 6 N atoms, 9 H atoms, 3 As atoms, 12 O atoms
C) 5 N atoms, 45 H atoms, 4 As atoms, 18 O atoms
D) 6 N atoms, 27 H atoms, 3 As atoms, 12 O atoms
Answer: D
Section List: 5-4
Learning Obj: 5.4
Global LO: G4

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17) Which formula is correct for a molecule with 4 P atoms, and 10 O atoms?
A) P4O10
B) (P2O3)2
C) P2O5
D) P3O6
Answer: A
Section List: 5-4
Learning Obj: 5.4
Global LO: G4

18) What is the total number of hydrogen atoms present in 6 formula units of Mg(C2H3O2)2?
A) 12
B) 6
C) 36
D) 24
Answer: C
Section List: 5-4
Learning Obj: 5.4
Global LO: G4

19) What is the total number of atoms in 5 formula units of Fe2(C2O4)3?

A) 55
B) 80
C) 100
D) 96
Answer: C
Section List: 5-4
Learning Obj: 5.4
Global LO: G4

20) What is the total number of O atoms in 6 formula units of hydroxyapetite,

Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2, present in tooth enamel?
A) 156
B) 144
C) 106
D) 88
Answer: A
Section List: 5-4
Learning Obj: 5.4
Global LO: G4

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21) Which of the following pairs of subatomic particles have charges of equal magnitude but
opposite in sign?
A) electron and neutron
B) neutron and proton
C) proton and electron
D) proton and positron
Answer: C
Section List: 5-5
Learning Obj: 5.5
Global LO: G2

22) The nucleus of an atom ________.

A) contains all protons and electrons
B) is negatively charged because of the presence of electrons
C) is neutral since it contains only neutrons
D) is 1/10,000 of the size of the atom
Answer: D
Section List: 5-5
Learning Obj: 5.5
Global LO: G2

23) Two atoms must represent the same element if they both have the same:
A) number of electron shells.
B) atomic number.
C) number of neutrons.
D) atomic mass.
Answer: B
Section List: 5-5
Learning Obj: 5.5
Global LO: G2

24) Which one of the following carries no electrical charge?

A) an electron
B) a proton
C) a neutron
D) a cation
Answer: C
Section List: 5-5
Learning Obj: 5.5
Global LO: G2

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25) Atoms are neutral because ________.
A) all atoms contain neutrons
B) neutrons neutralize the (+) and (−) charges in the atom
C) the atomic number equals the number of electrons
D) equal numbers of protons and neutrons are present
Answer: C
Section List: 5-5
Learning Obj: 5.5
Global LO: G2

26) Which statement about an atom is false?

A) The nucleus is the center region of an atom.
B) The space occupied by the electrons is primarily empty.
C) The nucleus accounts for a small portion of the mass of an atom.
D) The volume occupied by electrons is referred to as an electron cloud.
Answer: C
Section List: 5-5
Learning Obj: 5.5
Global LO: G2

27) Adding one proton to the nucleus of an atom:

A) converts it to an atom of a different element.
B) increases its atomic mass by one unit, but does not change its atomic number.
C) increases its atomic number by one unit but does not change its atomic mass.
D) does not change either its atomic number or its atomic mass.
Answer: A
Section List: 5-5
Learning Obj: 5.5
Global LO: G2

28) A neutral atom contains 12 neutrons and 14 electrons. The mass number and the number of
protons for this atom are, respectively, ________.
A) 14 and 26
B) 40 and 14
C) 26 and 14
D) 26 and 12
Answer: C
Section List: 5-6
Learning Obj: 5.6
Global LO: G4

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29) Which of the following statements is correct for
A) contains more protons than neutrons
B) contains more electrons than protons
C) contains an equal number of protons and neutrons
D) contains more neutrons than electrons
Answer: D
Section List: 5-6
Learning Obj: 5.6
Global LO: G4

30) All atoms of a given element may have different numbers of ________.
A) gamma rays
B) nucleons
C) neutrons
D) protons
Answer: C
Section List: 5-6
Learning Obj: 5.6
Global LO: G4

31) Where is most of the mass of an atom concentrated?

A) electrons
B) protons
C) nucleus
D) neutrons
Answer: C
Section List: 5-6
Learning Obj: 5.6
Global LO: G2

32) What are the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons in

A) 9 protons, 9 neutrons, and 10 electrons
B) 9 protons, 10 neutrons, and 9 electrons
C) 19 protons, 19 neutrons, and 19 electrons
D) 9 protons, 9 neutrons, and 19 electrons
Answer: B
Section List: 5-6
Learning Obj: 5.6
Global LO: G4

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33) The number of electrons and neutrons in an atom of the type given below is ________.
25Mg
A) 12 e, 13 n
B) 25 e, 12 n
C) 13 e, 25 n
D) 12 e, 12 n
Answer: A
Section List: 5-6
Learning Obj: 5.6
Global LO: G4

34) The number of neutrons in an atom is equal to:

A) the number of protons.
B) atomic number - mass number.
C) mass number - atomic number.
D) the number of electrons.
Answer: C
Section List: 5-6
Learning Obj: 5.6
Global LO: G4

35) Which of the following statements is incorrect?

A) All atoms of an element have the same atomic number.
B) All atoms of an element must have the same mass.
C) All atoms of an element have the same number of electrons.
D) Atoms of an element may have different numbers of neutrons.
Answer: B
Section List: 5-6
Learning Obj: 5.6
Global LO: G4

36) The total number of subatomic particles (protons, electrons, and neutrons) in an atom of
75Ge is ________.
A) 86
B) 84
C) 107
D) 143
Answer: C
Section List: 5-6
Learning Obj: 5.6
Global LO: G4

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37) Mercury-202 has how many neutrons in its nucleus?
A) 22
B) 102
C) 122
D) 202
Answer: C
Section List: 5-6
Learning Obj: 5.6
Global LO: G4

38) What are the number of neutrons in a neutral atom of Ar-40?

A) 18
B) 22
C) 40
D) 58
Answer: B
Section List: 5-6
Learning Obj: 5.6
Global LO: G4

39) Cobalt is atomic number 27. Cobalt-60 is used in the medical treatment of cancer. How many
neutrons and protons are contained in the nucleus of this isotope?
A) 27 neutrons, 33 protons
B) 33 neutrons, 27 protons
C) 27 neutrons, 27 protons
D) 33 neutrons, 33 protons
Answer: B
Section List: 5-6
Learning Obj: 5.6
Global LO: G4

40) The number of protons, electrons and neutrons in an atom of the type given below is
________.
207Pb
A) 82 p, 125 e, 82 n
B) 82 p, 82 e, 125 n
C) 82 p, 125 e, 125 n
D) 125 p, 125 e, 164 n
Answer: C
Section List: 5-6
Learning Obj: 5.6
Global LO: G4

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41) An atom with a mass number of 58 and contains 32 neutrons will have ________ protons.
A) 32
B) 58
C) 26
D) 36
Answer: C
Section List: 5-6
Learning Obj: 5.6
Global LO: G4

42) Choose the correct chemical symbol for an atom that contains 20 e− and 24 n.
A) 2420Ca
B) 4420Ca
C) 4424Cr
D) 2444Ru
Answer: C
Section List: 5-6
Learning Obj: 5.6
Global LO: G4

43) Isotopes of a given element ________.

A) have the same mass number but different numbers of protons
B) have the same number of protons, but different mass numbers
C) have the same atomic number but different chemical properties
D) have the same mass number but different chemical properties
Answer: B
Section List: 5-7
Learning Obj: 5.7
Global LO: G4

44) The nucleus of atom A contains 20 protons and 20 neutrons and that of atom B contains 22
protons and 22 neutrons. It is true that atoms A and B are ________.
A) isotopes
B) isobars
C) both isotopes and isobars
D) neither isotopes nor isobars
Answer: D
Section List: 5-7
Learning Obj: 5.7
Global LO: G4

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45) What is the mass number of a chromium isotope containing 28 neutrons?
A) 28
B) 24
C) 52
D) 76
Answer: C
Section List: 5-7
Learning Obj: 5.7
Global LO: G4

46) The element Rhenium (Re) exists as two stable isotopes and 18 unstable isotopes. Rhenium-
185 (185Re) has in its nucleus:
A) 75 protons, 75 neutrons.
B) 75 protons, 130 neutrons.
C) 130 protons, 75 neutrons.
D) 75 protons, 110 neutrons.
Answer: D
Section List: 5-7
Learning Obj: 5.7
Global LO: G4

47) Iron is element number 26. This means that it has ________.
A) a mass number of 26
B) 26 neutrons in the nucleus
C) 26 protons inside its nucleus
D) 56 electrons
Answer: C
Section List: 5-7
Learning Obj: 5.7
Global LO: G4

48) What is the atomic number of an isobar of 188O in which there is an equal number of all
three types of subatomic particles present?
A) 8
B) 9
C) 10
D) 11
Answer: B
Section List: 5-7
Learning Obj: 5.7
Global LO: G4

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49) Which pair of neutrons and protons correspond to the isobars of Ar and Ca, which have a
mass number of 40?
A) Ar: 18 protons and 22 neutrons Ca: 20 protons and 20 neutrons
B) Ar: 18 protons and 22 neutrons Ca: 20 protons and 22 neutrons
C) Ar: 20 protons and 20 neutrons Ca: 18 protons and 22 neutrons
D) Ar: 22 protons and 18 neutrons Ca: 20 protons and 20 neutrons
Answer: A
Section List: 5-7
Learning Obj: 5.7
Global LO: G4

50) Which of the following pairs of atoms contain the same number of neutrons?
A) 27Al and 31P
B) 9Be and 7Li
C) 22Ne and 23Na
D) 58Ni and 58Fe
Answer: C
Section List: 5-7
Learning Obj: 5.7
Global LO: G4

51) Which of the following represents a pair of isotopes?

A) 14C, 14N
B) 1H, 2H
C) 32S, 32S-2
D) O2, O3
Answer: B
Section List: 5-7
Learning Obj: 5.7
Global LO: G4

52) Chlorine, which exists in nature in two isotopic forms, has an atomic mass of 35.5 amu. This
means that ________.
A) all chlorine atoms have masses of 35.5 amu
B) 35.5 amu is the upper limit for the mass of a chlorine atom
C) 35Cl and 37Cl each constitute approximately 50% of all chlorine atoms
D) 35Cl constitutes 75% of full chlorine atoms, 37Cl represents 25%
Answer: D
Section List: 5-8
Learning Obj: 5.8
Global LO: G4

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53) An isotope of which element is used as the standard for the relative mass scale for atoms?
A) carbon
B) oxygen
C) hydrogen
D) helium
Answer: A
Section List: 5-8
Learning Obj: 5.8
Global LO: G4

54) The isotopic mass for a particular isotope of gold is 196.9665 amu. The mass number for this
gold isotope ________.
A) is 79
B) is 196
C) is 197
D) cannot be determined from the information given
Answer: C
Section List: 5-8
Learning Obj: 5.8
Global LO: G4

55) Three naturally occurring isotopes exist for the hypothetical element athenium. 2.50% of
athenium atoms have a relative mass of 26.0 amu, 75.0% of athenium atoms have a relative mass
of 27.0 amu, and 22.5% of athenium atoms have a relative mass of 28.0 amu. What is the atomic
mass of athenium?
A) 26.8 amu
B) 27.0 amu
C) 28.0 amu
D) 27.2 amu
Answer: D
Section List: 5-8
Learning Obj: 5.8
Global LO: G4

56) Element A exists in three isotopic forms with masses of 21.0, 25.0 and 26.0 amu
respectively. Element B also exists in three isotopic forms with masses of 22.0, 24.0 and 26.0
amu respectively. It is true that ________.
A) element A has a higher atomic mass than B
B) element B has a higher atomic mass than A
C) A and B have identical atomic masses since the sums of their isotopic masses are equal
D) you need the percentages of each isotope to determine their atomic masses
Answer: D
Section List: 5-8
Learning Obj: 5.8
Global LO: G4

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57) What is the atomic mass of B if 19.9% of all B atoms have a mass of 10.01 amu and 80.1%
have a mass of 11.01 amu?
A) 10.21 amu
B) 10.50 amu
C) 10.63 amu
D) 10.81 amu
Answer: D
Section List: 5-8
Learning Obj: 5.8
Global LO: G4

58) On a hypothetical relative mass scale, the average mass of the atoms of element A was
assigned a value of 64.00 gigs. The average mass of the atoms of element B is 36.40% that of
element A, and the average mass of the atoms of element C is 6.43 times the mass of A. What is
the average mass of the atoms of element C rounded to the nearest 0.01 gigs?
A) 34.98 gigs
B) 439.70 gigs
C) 87.67 gigs
D) 411.52 gigs
Answer: D
Section List: 5-8
Learning Obj: 5.8
Global LO: G4

59) A hypothetical element, Rz, has two isotopes: 169Rz = 168.94 amu and 171Rz = 170.98
amu. Eleven of every fifteen atoms of Rz found in nature exist as the 169Rz isotope. What is the
average atomic mass of the element Rz?
A) 169.48 amu
B) 168.95 amu
C) 170.56 amu
D) 171.01 amu
Answer: A
Section List: 5-8
Learning Obj: 5.8
Global LO: G4

60) Three naturally occurring isotopes of carbon exist: The atomic mass of carbon is 12.01 amu.
Which of the
three carbon isotopes is most abundant in nature?
A) carbon-12
B) carbon-13
C) carbon-14
D) all three occur with equal abundance
Answer: A
Section List: 5-8
Learning Obj: 5.8
Global LO: G4
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61) Which of the following was not a conclusion obtained from the gold foil-alpha particle
scattering experiment?
A) An atom is mostly empty space.
B) An atom's nucleus is positively charged.
C) An atom's nucleus contains protons and neutrons.
D) Most of the mass of an atom is concentrated in its nucleus.
Answer: C
Section List: 5-9
Learning Obj: 5.9
Global LO: G1

62) Which is a conclusion about the atom's structure from Rutherford's gold foil-alpha particle
experiments?
A) The electrons occupy most of the total volume of an atom
B) The mass of an atom is distributed uniformly throughout the atom.
C) All alpha particles are affected the same way by the atoms in the gold foil.
D) The positive charge of the atom is uniformly distributed throughout the atom.
Answer: A
Section List: 5-9
Learning Obj: 5.9
Global LO: G1

63) Which experiment led to the notion that the atom contains an extremely small, positively
charged nucleus?
A) Millikan's oil drop experiment
B) Rutherford's gold foil experiment
C) Thomson's cathode ray experiment
D) Dalton's atomic experiment
Answer: B
Section List: 5-9
Learning Obj: 5.9
Global LO: G1

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5.2 Short Answer

1) Match the molecules with the appropriate classification.

A) heteroatomic — polyatomic molecule

B) homoatomic — polyatomic molecule c
C) heteroatomic — diatomic molecule
D) homoatomic — diatomic molecule
Answer: 1) a 2) b 3) a 4) a 5) c
Section List: 5-2
Learning Obj: 5.2
Global LO: G2

2) Depicted are molecules that represent the following substances: NOCl, P4, H2S, IBr, and
C2H2. Identify the substances present in each box.

Answer: A) H2S, IBr, and C2H2

B) H2S
C) NOCl and P4
D) NOCl, P4, and IBr
Section List: 5-2
Learning Obj: 5.2
Global LO: G2

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3) Depicted below are molecules that represent the following substances: OF2, NH3, H2O2,
CH2Cl2, and Br2. Identify the substances present in each box.

Answer: A) OF2, NH3, and Br2 B) NH3, H2O2, and CH2Cl2

Section List: 5-2
Learning Obj: 5.2
Global LO: G2

4) Which of the terms heteroatomic, homoatomic, diatomic, triatomic, polyatomic, element and
compound apply to each of the following molecules? More than one term may apply in a given
situation.

Answer: A) heteroatomic, polyatomic, compound B) homoatomic, triatomic, element

C) heteroatomic, triatomic, compound D) heteroatomic, diatomic, compound
Section List: 5-2
Learning Obj: 5.2
Global LO: G2

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5) Fill in the blanks in the following sentences using words from the following response list:
Response List: proton(s) neutron(s) electron(s) nucleus
atomic number mass number atomic mass
Items in the response list may be used more than once or need not be used at all.
1) The ________ of an atom contains protons and ________.
2) The identity of an atom (which element it is) is determined by the number of protons in its
________.
3) The atomic number gives the number of ________ and ________ in a neutral atom.
4) The mass number for an atom equals the sum of the ________ and ________ in the atom's
nucleus.
5) The mass of a ________ (a neutral species) is many times greater than the mass of an
electron and is approximately the same as the mass of a ________.
6) The ________ possesses a plus one charge, the ________ a minus one charge, and the
________ has no charge.
Answer: 1) nucleus, neutrons 2) nucleus 3) protons, electrons
4) protons, neutrons 5) neutron, proton 6) proton, electron, neutron
Section List: 5-5
Learning Obj: 5.5
Global LO: G2

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6) Place in the blank the letter of the correct response in each horizontal row of choices.
1) ________ Number of elements in the compound Al2SO4
A) 3 B) 4 C) 5 D) 7
2) ________ Number of atoms in the formula Ca(HCO3)2
A) 11 B) 15 C) 9 D) 10
3) ________ Number of neutrons in 3216S
A) 15 B) 17 C) 20 D) 16
4) ________ Number of electrons in 10Ne 20
A) 20 B) 10 C) 30 D) 12
5) ________ Number of subatomic particles in 8O 18
A) 26 B) 8 C) 18 D) 22
6) ________ Number of protons in 7N 14
A) 7 B) 8 C) 14 D) 20
7) ________ Identity of X in 186 75X
A) Ti B) Cr C) I D) Re
8) ________ Mass number of a K isotope containing 21 neutrons
A) 19 B) 21 C) 40 D) 28
9) ________ Mass number of an isotope containing 45 protons and 58 neutrons
A) 13 B) 45 C) 58 D) 103
10) ________ An isobar of 5728X
A)5626X B) 5627X C) 5828X D) 5729X
11) ________ An atom of Cu containing an equal number of protons, neutrons and electrons
A) 2929Cu B) 5829C C) 8729Cu D) 2958Cu
12) ________ Nuclear charge of 2311Na
A) +10 B) +12 C) +11 D) +23

Answer: 1) A 2) A 3) D 4) B 5) A 6) A 7) D 8) C 9) D 10) D 11) B 12) C

Section List: 5-2, 5-6
Learning Obj: 5.2, 5.6
Global LO: G4

7) For each description on the left select the correct atom from the response list on the right.
Responses may be used more than once or need not be used at all.
1) ________ Has a mass number of 80 a) 8040A
2) ________ Has an equal number of protons and neutrons b) 4020B
3) ________ Has more electrons than neutrons c) 4121C
4) ________ Has more neutrons than electrons d) 3919D

Answer: 1) a 2) b 3) c 4) d
Section List: 5-6
Learning Obj: 5.6
Global LO: G4

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8) Fill in the chart below for each of the following isotopes. Be careful there may be more than
one ion present.

Symbol Atomic # Mass # #Protons #Neutrons #Electrons

13153I ________ ________ ________ ________ ________

________ 43 99 ________ ________ 43

3717Cl- ________ ________ 17 20 ________

________ 26 56 ________ ________ 23

Answer: 13153I 53 131 53 78 53

9943Tc 43 99 43 56 43
3717Cl- 17 37 17 20 18
5626Fe+3 26 56 26 30 23

Section List: 5-6

Learning Obj: 5.6
Global LO: G4

9) The hypothetical element supposium exists in four isotopic forms. The relative masses and
percentage abundances for these four isotopes are, respectively,
66.0 amu and 1.230% 67.0 amu and 9.800%
69.0 amu and 2.410% 70.0 amu and 86.56%
Calculate the atomic mass of supposium.
Answer: 0.01230 66.0 amu =0.812 amu
0.09800 67.0 amu =6.57 amu
0.02410 69.0 amu =1.66 amu
0.8656 70.0 amu =60.59 amu
69.632 amu (calc)
69.63 amu (corr)
Section List: 5-8
Learning Obj: 5.8
Global LO: G4

10) Naturally occurring iron contains 5.82% 54Fe, 91.66% 56Fe, 2.19% 57Fe, and 0.33% 58Fe.
The respective atomic masses are 53.940 amu, 55.935 amu, 56.935 amu, and 57.933 amu.
Calculate the average atomic mass of iron.
Answer: 55.85 amu
Section List: 5-8
Learning Obj: 5.8
Global LO: G4

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Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
11) There are five naturally abundant isotopes of elemental nickel are 58Ni, 60Ni, 61Ni, 62Ni
and 64Ni. Based on these five isotopes, calculate the average atomic mass for elemental nickel
given the following isotope masses and percent abundances.
Isotope Isotopic mass Percent abundance
58Ni 57.9353 amu 68.08
60Ni 59.9308 amu 26.22
61Ni 60.9311 amu 1.14
62Ni 61.9283 amu 3.63
64Ni 63.9280 amu 0.93
Answer: 59 amu
Section List: 5-8
Learning Obj: 5.8
Global LO: G4

12) On a new atomic mass scale suppose the reference point is fluorine-19 whose mass is
arbitrarily set at 10.0 dingbats. (Note that only one type of fluorine atom exists; that is, fluorine is
monoisotopic). Calculate the atomic mass of silicon on this new "dingbat" scale.
Answer: 28.0855 amu x (10.0 dingbats/19.0 amu) = 14.781842 dingbats (calc) = 14.8 dingbats
(corr)
Section List: 5-8
Learning Obj: 5.8
Global LO: G4

13) The hypothetical element athenium (Ah) occurs in two isotopic forms: (86.500%
abundance, relative mass of 230.145 amu) and (13.500% abundance, relative mass of
231.769 amu). Calculate the atomic mass of athenium.
Answer: 0.86500 230.145 amu = 199.075 amu
0.13500 231.769 amu =31.289 amu
230.364 amu (calc)
230.364 amu (corr)
Section List: 5-8
Learning Obj: 5.8
Global LO: G4

14) Determine the relative mass for the hypothetical elements Zp and Wq given the following
information.
The element Xu has an atomic mass of 24.00 jigs.
The element Wq is three times lighter than Xu.
The element Zp is two and a half times heavier than a Xu.
Answer: Wq atomic mass is 8.00 jigsZp atomic mass is 60.00 jigs
Section List: 5-8
Learning Obj: 5.8
Global LO: G4

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Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
15) Depicted below is discharge tube. The cathode and the anode are composed of two different
metals. If a voltage is applied to the electrodes, the solid arrows represent the flow of ________
rays and the dashed lines represent the flow of ________ rays.

Answer: solid - cathode; dashed - canal

Section List: 5-9
Learning Obj: 5.9
Global LO: G1

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Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.