NAME………………………………………………...………………………...……………….

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SCHOOL………………………………….……………………………………………….………
ADM NO.………………………………. DATE……………………..………………………..

BIOLOGY END OF TERM ONE EXAM 2022

Time: 2 Hours

FORM TWO

INSTRUCTIONS TO STUDENTS
1. Answer all questions in this question paper.
2. All your answers must be written in the spaces provided in this question paper.

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1.The diagram below represents a plant cell organelle

a) Name the organelle………………………………………………….. (1mk)

b) Name the part where Carbon (IV) Oxide fixation occurs, on the diagram (1mk)

c) Name the parts labeled A and B and state how each is adapted to its functions. (4mks)

A.................................................................................................................................
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B.................................................................................................................................
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d) Explain what would have happened to the structures labeled X had the plant been
kept in darkness for 48 hours. (2mks)

2. The diagram below shows some components of a light microscope.

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 a) Name the parts labelled (2mrks)
K
………………………………………………………………………………………………
M
………………………………………………………………………………………………
b) State the functions of part; (2mks)
P
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Q
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c) A student was viewing a prepared slide of a plant cell under high power microscope. The
features of the cell were blurred. Which of the labeled parts of the microscope would the
student use to obtain:-
(i) A sharper outline of the features? Give a reason (1mk)

………………………………………………………………………………………………
(ii) Give the formula used to calculate magnification in a light microscope.(1mk)
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d) A student was preparing a section of a plant cell to be viewed under a light microscope.
Give a reason for each of the following steps:-
(i) Cutting a very thin section (1mk)
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………

(ii) Staining the section (1mk)

………………………………………………………………………………………
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(iii)Putting the section in water (1mk)

………………………………………………………………………………………………………
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3. The diagram below shows part of a longitudinal section of a root: -

(a) Identify cells K and L :- (2 mks)

K
………………………………………………………………………………………
L
………………………………………………………………………………………
…
(b) State two adaptations of the Cells K to their functions :- (2 mks)
………………………………………………………………………………………………
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4. State three main functions of the stomach in human beings: - (3 mks)
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5. Name the cell organelles responsible for: (2 mks)

i) Protein synthesis

……………………………………………………………………………………………

ii) Destroying worn – out organelles and cells

…………………………………………………………………………………………..

6. a) A biology student used a microscope with x40 objective lens and x5 eye piece lens which
had 2mm radius. Calculate the area of the field of view in micrometers. (2mks)

b) What was the average size of the cell in micrometers (2mks)

7. (a) Identify the organelle shown below:- (1mk)

…………………………………………………………………………………………..

(b) How is the organelle you have identified in (a) above suited to its function. (2mks)

……………………………………………………………………………………………

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8. State three properties of the cell membrane. (3mks)

………………………………………………………………………………………………………
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9. a) What is the formula for calculating linear magnification of a specimen when using a
hand lens. (1mk)

………………………………………………………………………………………………………
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10. Distinguish between the following terms :- (4mks)

a) Magnification and resolution of a microscope

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b) Mounting and staining of a specimen

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11. Name the organelle that performs each of the following functions in a cell. (3mks)

(a) Transport of packaged glycoproteins

……………………………………………………………………………………………..

(b) Destruction of worn out cell organelles

…………………………………………………………………………………………….

(c) Synthesis of proteins

……………………………………………………………………………………………

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12. Name the structures in a plant responsible for the following; (2mks)
a) Translocation of organic substances of photosynthesis
…………………………………………………………………………………………….
b) Uptake of water and dissolved mineral ions
…………………………………………………………………………………………….
13. State three physiological processes that are involved in movement of substances a cross the
cell membrane. (3mks)
………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………

14Name the diseases caused by deficiency of: (2mks)

(a) Iodine
………………………………………………………………………………………………

(b) Vitamin C
………………………………………………………………………………………………

15.What are the two functions of bile salts during the process of digestion? (2mks)
………………………………………………………………………………………………
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16. State two adaptations of herbivores which enable them to digest cellulose. (2mks)
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17. State three factors that affect the rate of osmosis. (3mks)
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18. State three roles of light in photosynthesis. (3mks)
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19. Explain how saliva is important in digestion. (2mks)

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20. Briefly explain the fate of the following products from the light stage of the process of
photosynthesis. (3mks)

(a) Oxygen
………………………………………………………………………………………………
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b)Hydrogen
………………………………………………………………………………………………
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c) ATP
……………………………………………………………………………………………..
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21. State three ways by which plants compensate for lack of the ability to move from one place
to another. (3mks)

21. State four difference between monosaccharide and polysaccharides. (4mks)

……………………………………………………………………………………………..
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23. Describe how mammalian small intestine is adapted to its function (8mks)

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