Managerial Communication Strategies

and Applications 6th Edition E Test

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1. The first step in planning an effective presentation is preparing the introduction.

a. true
*b. false

2. The best way to ensure clarity in a presentation is to write an outline.

a. true
*b. false

3. Many presentations are delivered poorly but they succeed because the speakers anticipate their
audience’s reaction.
a. true
*b. false

4. Although the speaker may know the audience well, a thorough analysis is still necessary.
a. true
*b. false

5. A presentation should begin with a statement that captures the audience’s attention.
*a. true
b. false

6. The problem-solving pattern is a deductive organizational approach, whereas the state-the-

case-and-prove-it approach is inductive.
a. true
*b. false

7. The order of a persuasive message (first or second) is related to success.

a. true
*b. false

8. Research indicates that the indirect approach is generally best for hostile audiences.
*a. true

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b. false

9. An intelligent audience could be both easier and more difficult to persuade.

*a. true
b. false

10. An audience needs to be moved both rationally and emotionally.

*a. true
b. false

11. Under variables associated with the source of persuasion, the one with the most significance
is the source’s credibility.
*a. true
b. false

12. A manager uses expert opinion when citing an authority to provide evidence.
*a. true
b. false

13. The end of the presentation should contain a summary and any new information that was
omitted during the presentation.
a. true
*b. false

14. During the question solicitation phase after a presentation, the speaker should admit it if he
has no answer to a question.
*a. true
b. false

15. PowerPoint slides should have very little white space.

a. true
*b. false

16. Approximately 30 percent of all speakers experience anxiety to some degree before speaking.
a. true
*b. false

17. The main difference between an informal presentation and an impromptu one is the size of
the audience.
a. true
*b. false

18. The key to impromptu speaking is to organize your thoughts so you begin with a main point,
support it, and conclude by restating it.
*a. true
b. false

19. Audiences are more likely to remember a speaker’s delivery style than content.
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*a. true
b. false

20. Most managers do not need impromptu speaking skills, since they usually have lots of
preparation time.
a. true
*b. false

21. When a presentation goes beyond _____ minutes, the speaker should divide it into major
segments by using reviews, questions or graphics.
A. 5
B. 10
*C. 15
D. 20

22. Which of the following is a poor strategy for getting the attention of business audiences?
A. a startling statement
B. a hypothetical example
C. a rhetorical question
*D. a loud noise

23. Which of the following is optional for the introduction of a speech?

*A. establishment of the speaker’s credentials
B. the purpose of the speech
C. motivation for the audience to listen
D. a preview of the points of the speech

24. Which of the following is most effective in the discussion of a relatively complicated
problem, especially if the audience is largely ignorant of the facts or is likely to be hostile to the
message?
*A. problem-solving pattern
B. the state-the-case-and-prove-it
C. the psychological-progressive
D. the sociological pattern

25. Which of the following is an inductive organizational approach?

A. state-the-case-and-prove-it
*B. problem-solving pattern
C. psychological-progressive pattern
D. sociological-regressive

26. Which of the following is not a step in the psychological-progressive pattern?

A. arouse
B. dissatisfy
C. gratify
*D. empathize

27. Which message variable does not help a persuasive effort?

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A. explicitly stating what is desired
*B. ignoring opposing arguments
C. giving concrete examples
D. indirectly persuading a hostile audience

28. When choosing material for a presentation, which audience variable is not considered?
A. demographics
B. knowledge levels
*C. size
D. attitudes

29. Context variables include which of the following?

A. secondary
B. written
*C. media
D. exclusive

30. Which statement concerning informative presentations is false?

A. lay opinions are appropriately used when citing nonexperts
B. audiences judge evidence on its timeliness and source
*C. heavy use of empirical information is employed in the psychological-progressive pattern
D. transitions are key to providing clarity to the plan

31. Which is not a criterion for an effective visual aid?

A. relevance
*B. cost
C. simplicity
D. visibility

32. ______ percent of all speakers experience anxiety to some degree before speaking.
A. 30
B. 40
C. 50
*D. 60

33. The best solution to stage fright is

*A. preparation
B. deep breathing
C. gripping the podium
D. memorizing the start

34. Which type of posture may emphasize or show involvement?

A. backward-leaning
B. standing on tip toes
C. folding arms
*D. forward-leaning

35. When emphasizing an important or primary point, the speaker should

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*A. slow down
B. speed up
C. pace back and forth
D. use hand gestures

36. Which is not a standard purpose for a business presentation?

A. inform
*B. inspire
C. convince
D. cause action

37. “I want you to place an order for a new 2200 Convet today” is a(n)
A. rationale
B. general purpose statement
*C. specific purpose statement
D. overview

38. It is difficult for a business speaker to hold the audience’s attention for more than
A. five minutes
B. ten minutes
C. fifteen minutes
*D. twenty minutes

39. A good way for a business speaker to focus on audience benefits is to use the word
A. profit
*B. you
C. boss
D. me

40. When a speaker believes that presenting statistics will persuade the audience, he/she is
confusing
*A. features and benefits
B. numbers and facts
C. assumptions and observations
D. past and future

41. When persuading an apathetic audience, when should the speaker deliver his/her strongest
reason?
A. in the middle
B. first
*C. last
D. any order

42. Ethical persuasion requires analyzing the audience’s

A. relationships and knowledge
B. attitudes and beliefs
C. age and education level
*D. driving forces and restraining forces
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43. Which of the following is the best sequence of topics for an informative presentation about a
change in policy?
*A. comparison and contrast
B. spatial
C. chronological
D. economic

44. “Tell–show–do” is the best sequence for a speaker when

A. summarizing
*B. giving instructions
C. telling a story
D. persuading

45. A Janus statement is a type of

A. Roman numeral
B. month
C. opening
*D. transition

46. Which is the best way for a speaker to begin the questions and answers session?
A. “Who has the first question?”
*B. “Now I will answer your questions.”
C. “Are there any questions?”
D. “Do we have time for a question?”

Type: E
47. This chapter lists several rules for speaking to the media. What are they?
*a. Speak as though the audience were right there. Use the face, hands, and body as in ordinary
conversation. Use a script. Prepare and practice. Wear unobtrusive clothing and jewelry.

Type: E
48. Audience analysis is a key activity during presentation preparation. What are some elements?
*a. Demographic data such as an audience member's age, education, or religion, may help guide
the selection of supporting material as well as main ideas in a presentation. More important items
to be included in an audience analysis are their level of power compared with the speaker's, their
knowledge level, their attitude toward the subject, their attitude toward the speaker and the
organization represented, their status, and their disposition at the time of the presentation. Every
decision in the presentation preparation process should be guided by the results of audience
analysis.

Type: E
49. Explain the three major organization patterns for persuasive speaking. Which of the
approaches is more likely to rely on facts and which is more likely to use opinions?
Give an example of a situation when each pattern is the appropriate presentation plan.
*a. The first is the inductive or problem-solving plan. It is used in situations where the audience
may not be aware of the facts or may be hostile to the message. It leads them through the facts,
defines and explores the problem and then suggests alternative solutions. The second is the
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deductive or state-the-case-and-prove-it pattern. This relatively simple plan is used to persuade an
audience. It begins with an introduction, moves into a supported thesis statement, and concludes
with a summary reiterating the proposition. It is often used in courtrooms and with topics that are
familiar to the audience. Last is the psychological-progressive pattern. It is used most effectively
when the presenter wishes the audience to be motivated to effect change. It is composed of five
steps: arouse, dissatisfy, gratify, visualize, and move to action. The second approach, state-the-
case-and-prove-it, is most likely to use facts. It starts with a general conclusion and then justifies
it. The third approach, the psychological-progressive pattern, is the one most likely to use
opinions. This pattern tries to make the audience see that the speaker’s recommendation is the
most viable one.

Type: E
50. Discuss some of the rules of thumb for a visual aid. Give an example of an effective visual
aid and of an ineffective visual aid.
*a. An effective visual aid will be simple, clear, and visible. It will directly relate to the speaker's
purpose. An ineffective visual aid is often too small or otherwise illegible, confusing or
extremely complicated, or distracting from the speaker's message. Slick PowerPoint effects
(animation, sound) fall into this last category.

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