International Journal of Reconfigurable and Embedded Systems (IJRES)

Vol. 12, No. 3, November 2023, pp. 392~402

ISSN: 2089-4864, DOI: 10.11591/ijres.v12.i3pp392-402  392

An effective gossip routing based wireless sensor network

framework for forest fire detection

Manjunathan Alagarsamy1, Sathya Selvaraj Sinnasamy 2, Indhumathi Gopal3, Radhika Kuppusamy4,

Anwar Basha Haffishthullah5, Kannadhasan Suriyan6
1
Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, K. Ramakrishnan College of Technology, Trichy, India
2
Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, India
3
Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Rajalakshmi Engineering College, Chennai, India
4
Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Muthayammal Engineering College (Autonomous), Namakkal, India
5
School of Computer Science and Engineering, REVA University, Bengaluru, India
6
Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Study World College of Engineering, Coimbatore, India

Article Info ABSTRACT

Article history: This research looks about a counsel structure that uses degree-supervised
snitch to consider allocated sensor networks. Level managed snitch is a
Received Oct 28, 2022 proposed process that combines evening out and invading together. This
Revised Jan 14, 2023 strategy reduces the number of possible messages by delivering them via the
Accepted Mar 30, 2023 base station mechanism, hence increasing the sensor neighborhood’s
presence time. The sensor district, which contains numerous sensor centers,
is dynamically assigned into phases of extended clear by the use of various
Keywords: energy ranges at the base station. The game design divides the entire sensor
neighborhood into distinct concentric zones based on distance from the base
Abnormal activity station, with the group being routed from high-capacity center to center
identification locations within the lower-capacity zone. The transmission of information
Forest fire detection proximity of the forest fire to the base station will increase the opportunity.
Gossip based The primary benefit of the display is that it sends a basic event with a higher
Satellite based probability while also conserving the presence time of the neighborhood
Wireless sensor network destiny noticing.
This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA license.

Corresponding Author:
Anwar Basha Haffishthullah
School of Computer Science and Engineering, REVA University
Bangalore, Karnataka, India
Email: anwar.mtech@gmail.com

1. INTRODUCTION
A wireless sensor network (WSN) consists of spatially distributed free sensors that monitor significant
or usual circumstances, such as temperature, sound, and strain. Similarly, to avoid their records in a cooperative
manner throughout a large territory. The more recent linkages are bi-directional, allowing for sensor relaxation
movement control. Maritime power groups, which combine disaster area perception, sparked the development
of Wi-Fi sensor networks, which are now utilized in a wide range of commercial and consumer applications,
including business process checking and control, structure health monitoring, and so on. The WSN is made up
of "centers" ranging in size from a few to hundreds or even thousands, each of which is linked to one (or
sometimes many) sensors. Each sensor network of this type a radio handset with an internal receiving line or a
connection to an outer radio wire, a microcontroller, an electronic circuit for interfacing with the sensors, and a
power source, usually a battery or an established state of fortitude gathering are the typical components of the
center. A sensor center could contrast long from a shoebox down to the parts of a grain of sand, despite the fact
that working "bits" of real microscopic angles appear to be impossible to make right now [1]-[5]. The cost of

Journal homepage: http://ijres.iaescore.com

Int J Reconfigurable & Embedded Syst ISSN: 2089-4864  393

sensor centers is also vary, ranging from a few dollars to thousands of dollars, depending on the complexity of
the specific sensor center locations. Sensor center size and worth targets achieve connected constraints on
sources such as power, memory, and processing speed. Computational speed and information transmission
correspondences WSN topography might range from a straightforward huge name neighborhood to a
convoluted multi-hop faraway cross segment neighborhood. Whether the neighborhood’s jumps are guiding or
flooding, the multiplication process is guiding or flooding [6]-[10].
Sensor centers might be thought as miniature computers, with incredibly important terminology in
their association focuses and parts. A controlling unit with limited processing capability and bound memory,
sensors or micro electro-mechanical system (MEMS) (together with express trim equipment), a specialized
instrument (usually radio handsets or preferably optical), and a power supply (often in the form of a battery)
are all common components. Energy gathering modules, assistant acid-sensing ionic channels (ASICs), and
possibly discretionary correspondence contraptions like RS-232 are all possible consolidations or a USB
drive [11]-[15]. The base stations are one or more additional components of the WSN, providing additional
computational, power, and communication resources. They act as a link between sensor centers and the stop
individual, since they send data from the WSN to a server on a regular basis. Switches, which are required to
enlist, work out, and transport the guiding tables, are also outstanding components in coordinating based
entirely networks.
WSNs are frequently used for locale validation. The WSN is delivered over a zone where some
idiosyncrasy is expected to be discovered during area checking. The use of sensors to detect enemy
interference is a strategic model; geo-fencing of gas or oil pipelines is a non-military staff approach. The
phrase "environmental sensor networks" has evolved to encompass a variety of WSN applications in
geography study. This includes recognizing volcanoes, oceans, ice sheets, boondocks, and other natural
features [16]-[20]. A portion of the key districts are listed. A torrential slide detection system employs a long-
range sensor network to detect minor soil advancements and changes in several parameters that may occur
prior to or during a torrential slide via means of with the information gathered, it may be possible to predict
the occurrence of torrential slides some time before they occur. Researching water qualities for dams,
streams, lakes, and seas, as well as underground water storage, is part of water quality checking. The use of a
variety of remote appropriated sensors allows for the establishment of a more precise aid of water status, as
well as the extremely strong association of actually inspecting stations in places with difficult access, without
the need for manual data recovery. Remote sensor networks can efficiently operate to mitigate the effects of
catastrophic events such as floods. Distant centers have been effectively deployed in streams where water
level changes must be monitored on a regular basis [21]-[25]: i) to set up a network of sensors that can
quickly and accurately detect and predict forest fires in order to limit the loss of forests, wild animals, and
people in the boondocks fire; ii) to use the mind network methodology to analyse the information in the
gathering header and forecast forest fires; and iii) to use the best neural network (NN) as a motivator for
sensor execution updates.

2. RELATED WORK
The epics the potential of sensor networks, which has been enabled by the development of smaller-
than-usual electro-mechanical systems, long-distance correspondences, and high-level equipment. Sensor
networks will become an important part of our lives as a result of this wide range of purpose locales in the
future. Sensor network validation is required to meet the constraints imposed by elements such as variation to
non-basic disappointment, versatility, cost, hardware, topographical change, environment, and power
consumption [1].
The method to obtain useful information from satellite images and provide it to the forest
management systems (FMS) and the fire management system. Without a sure, the proposed structure offers a
diverse discovery for fire and SEVIRI sensor chips away at satellite picture accuracy, they stand out from
other sensor-based systems. Forest fire has a variety of effects, including unnatural weather changes,
biodiversity loss, tainting, and so on [2].
The method for recognizing and arranging events of interest in an environment is a basic application
of coordinated sensor systems. The in-network handling of identifiable data has been demonstrated to be
more energy efficient than the consolidated arrangement, which gathers all of the raw data and sends it to a
(solid) base station for additional processing. To test the introduction of our technique through reenactments,
a cerebrum network system is used to in-sort out data [3].
Given the complexities of forest fires, the recommended technique is dynamic. ZigBee is a low-rate,
low-cost, and low-power type of short-range sensor network communication protocol. ZigBee has a number
of unique characteristics, including secure and reliable data transmission [4], [5].
A computation for recognizing fire over the Canadian boreal forests zone using satellite remote
identification. The creators rely on images from the advanced very high-resolution radiometer (AVHRR). The
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paper details the investigation and how their calculation abilities were used to detect a fire [6]. A well-
designed, in-network solution, in which sums are handled fairly or entirely by the genuine sensors while
readings are coordinated through the link to the host-PC, can be far more valuable. It may be less intrusive
and use less power than the server-based solution if properly implemented [7], [8].
The concept of equipment designed for orientation and security (EIDOS) has been developed. This
stage examines and consolidates the area's geographical data. The data collected by network centers, such as
temperature, dampness, twist course, and speed, is used to create a fire model. This vast amount of data is
plainly conveyed to the firefighter's portable devices. Assist them in putting out forest fires. The planned
building is depicted and reenacted in this paper, although it is not carried out in an authentic setting [9].
A PINCO plot for single-regarded sensor readings is proposed in this research. Each social affair of
data in this arrangement is an unusually adaptable development, allowing compacted data to be recompressed
without decompression, reducing as of late available noticeable dullness at a different period in the
association. Nonetheless, in the suggested project, we employ assortment work for creating request reports,
which performs a calculation on a large number of variables rather than a single value [10].
A distributed clustering method in ad-hoc sensor networks for some extremely delegated sensor
network applications, long organization lifetime, adaptability, and weight altering are key needs. The use of
sensor center points to pack is a viable approach for achieving these objectives. Another energy-efficient
technique for gathering center points in ad-hoc sensor associations is proposed in this paper. Notice (hybrid
energy-efficient distributed clustering) chooses bunch scrambles in a discontinuous pattern toward a creamer
of their extra energy and a discretionary limit, comparable to center point proximity to its neighbors or center
degree. Respect has no assumptions about center point scattering or thickness, or about center limitations,
such as region care. The gathering framework closes in emphases and is independent of the topography or
size of the association. The performance has a low vertical to the point where cycles must be taken care of
and there were messages exchanged. It also achieves a fully uniform dispersal of gathering heads across the
organization. The discretionary batching limit can modify the load among bunch heads if it is chosen
carefully [11]-[13].
The system differs from conventional forest fire detection systems in that it takes a distant sensor
network approach that incorporates ZigBee technology. Given the dangers of forest fires, the proposed
method is tenacious. The design of a remote sensor network for woodlands fire detection is shown. The
association center’s gear equipment is organized around a CC2430 chip. The process of data transfer is
thoroughly explored. Temperature and clamminess in the forest region, for example, are within normal
ranges. Significant government offices can make faster decisions for firefighting or fire prevention based on
the information gathered by the building [14].
Suggested system employs a unique fire recognition technology, which is critical for early detection
and fire extinguishment in a flash. There have been successful investigations into the optimal sensor
combinations and fitting methodologies for early fire areas. In previous evaluations, fire detection was either
viewed as a use of a specific field (e.g., event distinguishing evidence for far-flung sensor networks) or as a
primary worry for which methodologies were specifically organized (e.g., fire area using remote identifying
procedures). These many methods are based on several underpinnings of fire researchers, such as
programming, geography and earth discernment, and fire security. Past assessments are summarized in this
report from three perspectives: i) fire recognizable proof plans for local locations, ii) fire acknowledgment
systems for outlying areas, and iii) sensor associations' obligations for early fire revelation [15].
A novel system for fire detection using a wireless sensor network. This strategy is based on the
Angstrom Index's verifiable performance. So far, such a record has only been used in the open air. Our
investigation's findings have loosened up its genuineness in addition to indoor conditions. One of our
structure's main advantages is that each sensor center simulates the document's cumulative extents, allowing
us to convey, under normal circumstances, only the document's limitations. As a result, energy is saved by
using a model. using the fire dynamics simulator, we recreated a fire in a design to verify the practicality of
our fire identification (ID) system. The results have shown how our proposed structure can appear in a few of
usable settings at remarkable trade-offs between energy use and disclosure delay [16].
A method to detect the forest fire especially for Mediterranean countries, because forest and
common fires are one of the most important drivers of biological contamination. Existing fire detection
systems only focus on the location of the fire, not on the confirmation of the fire. Regardless, they are all
essentially re-enactments, and there are just a few executions to be found. Furthermore, the composing
systems must be adaptable. The methods used in this suggested work to carry out the arrangement, creative
work of a remote multisensory network that combines sensors with IP cameras in a remote association to
perceive and actually look at fire in rural and woodland areas of Spain are described [17]-[20]
The proposed work demonstrates the number of cameras, sensors, and sections required to cover a
typical or woodland sector, as well as the system's adaptability. The suggested has developed a multisensory,

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and when it detects a fire, it transmits a sensor alarm to a central server via a remote link. The central server
selects the multisensory nearest distant cameras, based on an item application, that are turned to the sensor
that raised the alertness, and sends them a message in order to obtain continuous images from the zone.
Firefighters can use the camera to demonstrate the presence of a fire and prevent faking problems.
The test execution provided by a test seat created by four remote IP cameras under a couple of conditions, as
well as the energy spent while they are conveying, are shown in this proposed work. Furthermore, when the
system is set up, we focus on the energy required by each component. The remote sensor network might have
been connected to the Internet via an entrance, and the cameras' images should have been visible from any
part of the globe. To improve the energy viability of sensor center points, an OS-based power the board
solution is proposed. Dynamic power management (DPM) is a useful tool for reducing system power
consumption without sacrificing performance. The basic idea is to turn off gadgets when they aren't in use
and turn them back on when they are. DPM is everything except a trivial issue, all things considered. A
fundamental unquenchable estimation that causes the structure to reach the most substantial rest state while
staying by would be amazing if the energy and execution overheads in rest state progress were unimportant.
In any event, rest state switching has the duty of taking care of processor status and turning off power when
in question. It also takes a limited amount of time to arouse. As a result, completing the proper method for
rest state advancement is critical for DPM success [21]-[25].

3. SYSTEM ANALYSIS
The center locations of the distant sensor network are meticulously planned in the forest. Sensor
centers are grouped together to form gatherings. A gathering header is included in each bundle. To modify
the energy usage of all sensor center points, a packing computation is utilized to find a bunch header that is
capable of changing the energy use. The environment is sensed by center points, which detect temperature,
relative humidity, smoke, and other factors. Each center sends the measured data to a different bundle header.
Bunch header uses the mind network process to identify the weather patterns list, and then sends the
atmospheric conditions record to the chief code via the sink.
Forests are the vital resources for the endurance of human. It balances the ecology of our mother
earth. Fires occur frequently in the forest because of unnatural condition which may be caused by humans or
natural events. It causes severe loss of forest, wild animals and humans in the forest. To detect and predict the
forest fire, satellite-based detection approach was used. It was a traditional approach that is based on satellite
imagery. The primary moderate-objective imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) sensor was sent into the
Earth's orbit by NASA in 1999. It provides an overview of daily forest fire events based on satellite
photography. Every one to two days, MODIS takes an image of the whole earth's surface. It gathers
information at three spatial scales: two gatherings in 250 meters, five gatherings in 500 meters, and 29
gatherings in 1,000 meters.
MODIS and AVHRR images are used to assess forest area fire danger and predict forest fires. The
precision of satellite-based forest fire disclosure will be severely hampered by the weather. Due to a photo
blunder, it leads to incorrect assumptions.

4. PROPOSED SYSTEM
Distant sensor nodes have recently been a popular topic of discussion. We present a forest fire
detection approach based on the use of far-flung sensor networks. To limit the loss of forest area, wild
animals, and humans in the woods, we need to notice and predict forest fires as soon as possible. In a forests,
a large number of sensor centers are well-organized.
Sensor center points collect data with parameters such as temperature and relative humidity. Each
center delivers evaluated data to their bundle head, who generously collaborates the data by forming a mental
association. The cerebrum network recognizes the deliberate data as a commitment to record atmospheric
circumstances. Each center’s packages are collected by the pack header. Clustering algorithm is used to
select the cluster header based on its residual energy.
The gathering header is chosen based on its waiting energy using batching estimation. The necessity
for a mind network approach is also met by packing directing. In the mind association, we can treat sensor
centers, pack headers as data layer centers, hidden away layer center points. The weather patterns list, which
is generated by mind association, will be dispatched off boss center through the sink in each bundle. Each
center point can offer three types of data packages: regular reports (RR), query response reports (QR), and
emergency reports (ER). Each package contains a tag that identifies the group class. When a cluster header
receives an ER packet that contains an abnormal event, report will be forwarded to the sink as rapid as
possible.

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The early detection of forest fire can prevent the loss of biodiversity. Forest fires are a potential
hazard to civilisation because they are unpredictable causes an imbalance in the natural environment. As
many species have become endangered, loss of wildlife habitat is caused that should be taken into
consideration. With the help of early detection of forest fire, we can prevent the loss of all living things in the
forest. The loss of forest products disturbs the maintenance of various industries that sole income dependent
on the raw materials that are taken from the forest. Forest resources are very important and need to be
preserved. With the rapid detection of forest fire, we can prevent the very loss of timber and other important
resources.

5. PROPOSED SYSTEM DESIGN

In the forests, a massive number of sensor hubs are meticulously synchronized. Sensor hubs collect
approximated data with boundaries such as temperature and relative humidity. Every hub delivers estimated
data to their bunch head, which works together to cycle the data by forming a brain structure. The purposeful
information is accepted by the brain network as a contribution to the delivery of weather conditions records.
Every hub sends parcels to the bunch header.
In our bunching technique, we use Node-to-CH communication rather than Node-to-Node
communication. This reduces the communication load in the sensors is shown in Figure 1. The NN value
provides an optimized performance for the sensors by only decoding the unique packets rather than
redundant packet. The packets with the channel sensing duration of 0.2 are decoded. The NN value optimizes
the performance of the sensors with less energy consumption. The various modules involved in the proposed
system design are as follows:
- The network phase starts with placing sensor nodes in the specified area. A scenario is taken where
30(approx.) nodes placed in 500 m radius. The nodes are placed in a way to form the cluster and also a
cluster header is provided for each cluster.
- A node in the cluster has its attributes edited and its applied traffic with exponential values. Another
node is not applied any traffic. The node with exponential traffic values is to communicate only to the
cluster header. So, while running the simulation it is found that the node with exponential traffic value
is detecting an abnormal activity is shown in Figure 2.
- The node attribute is edited with exponential values in their applied traffic section. The node is allowed
only simplex communication that is only Node-to–CH communication. By doing so the communication
load is optimized and the node is made energy efficient.
- The use of exponential values for the application traffic enables us to get a graph for abnormal activity
is shown in Table 1.
- The display of the brain network empowered in the group header is contrasted between the bunch
headers in two groups. One group has a brain network esteem boost, while the other doesn't. The cluster
header with the optimal neural network value holds a better load optimizing performance than the one
without neural network is shown in Figure 3.

Figure 1. A forest fire detection using wireless sensor network

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Figure 2. DFD for abnormal activity identification

Table 1. Application traffic

Parameter Value
Packet interarrival time Exponential[3.0]=0.049 ms
Packet size Exponential[2000]=approx 200kb
Start time Exponential[1.0]=0.37 ms
Stop time Infinity

Figure 3. Data flow diagram (DFD) for cluster head (CH) with and without NN

6. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

The scenario considered has set of clusters with a total of approximately 24 nodes. The implemented
work is done using OPNET modeler, it is an instrument for network testing that is simple to use. The benefits
of using this network simulator is that whatever changes we want to make can be done through setting up of
attributes. Two scenarios have been implemented: i) abnormal activity and ii) processing a cluster header
with neural network.
A node in the cluster has its attributes edited and its applied traffic with exponential values. Another
node is not applied any traffic. The node with exponential traffic values is to communicate only to the cluster
header. So, while running the simulation it is found that the node with exponential traffic value is detecting
an abnormal activity is shown in Figure 4.

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Figure 4. Editing attributes of Mobile 6_1

By using OPNET modeler software it’s easy to edit the default attributes of the node. The following
changes are made to the default attributes of the node (Mobile 6_1). The NN value provides an optimized
performance for the sensors by only decoding the unique packets rather than redundant packet. The packets
with the channel sensing duration of 0.2 are decoded.
The duration for the simulation is 10 minutes. After the simulation is done, we are able to view the
results. The view result button allows us to view the result in terms of simple 2D graphs. To show the
abnormal activity is detected we have to compare a simple node with no attributes edited and one with the
attributes edited (Mobile 6_1). The performances of Mobile 6_1 and Mobile 6_4 (it can be any other node
too) is compared is shown in Figure 5.

Figure 5. Graph showing performance of Mobile 6_1 and Mobile 6_4

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Observe the introduction of the mind network enabled in the pack header to see how the bundle
headers in two gatherings differ. One bundle header is concerned with the mind network, while the other is
unconcerned with the cerebrum network. The bundle header with the best mind network regard outperforms
the one without it when it comes to weight upgrading. In accordance with giving NN respect, the
characteristics of the gathering headers are altered.
With NN in mind, the CH's ZigBee limit (Gateway 6) has been modified. The amusement results all
demonstrate that the edge should not be kept in an acceptable scale, because it would reduce the precision of
assembled data while not providing more fundamental energy savings. The following changes are made to
the default attributes of the CH (Gateway_6).
The optimal NN value for F thd is 0.2. So alter the channel sensing duration of the Gateway_6 as 0.2
as shown in Figure 6 now the Gateway_6 is given an optimal NN value. Another CH (Gateway_5) is given a
different value rather to 0.2 which show an inconsistent communication load in the CH is shown in Figure 5
he inconsistency of using a NN can be understood from the results.

Figure 6. Editing attributes of gateway_6

The duration for the simulation is for 10 minutes. We can observe the results after the recreation is
completed. The see result button allows us to observe the results of 2D charts that are simple. We have to
select the both CHs to compare their performance. Under each gateway, select their Zigbee parameters-
>MAC parameters->Load. Now the communication load graph of each gateway is visible. To compact the
graph, select average and to put both the communication load in a single graph select stacked layout.
The Figure 7 shows the performance of the CHs. The x-axis indicates the simulation time and y-axis
shows the communication load (bits/sec). It is seen that the communication load in the gateway_5 (without
NN value) is much greater to gateway_6 (with NN value). The gateway_6 shows a constant performance.
This shows that no redundant data or unwanted data is decoded. But the gateway_5 shows a very poor
performance as it sends data very vaguely and performance is not optimized.

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Figure 7. Graph comparing performance of gateway 5 and gateway 6

7. CONCLUSION
A useful association viewpoint for the woodlands fire area is offered by the research's recommended
methodology. The recommended effort has resulted in a remarkable degree of clarity and understanding.
Similar to this, mind network reasoning paves the way for ideal sensor center execution and decreased energy
consumption by the center points. We employ node-to-cluster header communication rather than Node-to-
Node communication in the suggested strategy. In the sensors, this lessens the communication burden.
Additional improvements to the system are also possible. To increase sensor performance, it will be
necessary to increase the ideal threshold value in further work. By positioning the sensors adjacent to one
another, a greater degree of accuracy may be achieved in terms of precision, allowing for faster data
transmission and a reduction in the load on the sensors.

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BIOGRAPHIES OF AUTHORS

Manjunathan Alagarsamy received the Engineer degree in Electronics and

Communication Engineering from Dr. Navalar Nedunchezhiyan College of Engineering in
2010. He received the Master degree in Embedded System Technologies from Raja College of
Engineering and Technology, Madurai, Tamil Nādu, India in 2013. He is currently working as
an Assistant Professor in the Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering at K.
Ramakrishnan College of Technology, Trichy, India. His area of interests includes embedded
systems, image processing, sensors and interfacing networks, and internet of things. He has
published 30 articles in peer reviewed international journals and presented 6 papers in
international conferences. He can be contacted at email: manjunathankrct@gmail.com.

Sathya Selvaraj Sinnasamy received the B.E. degree in Electronics and

Communication Engineering from Periyarmaniammai College of Technology for Women,
Anna University, Chennai in 2009, the M.E. degree in Communication Systems from Sri
Venkateswara Colllege of Engineering, Anna University, Chennai in 2011 and She is currently
working as a Assistant Professor in the Department of Electronics and Communication
Engineering in SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, Tamil Nādu, India. Her
field of interest includes wireless communication networks, communication and networks and
sensor network. She can be contacted at email: mailtosathya1988@gmail.com.

An effective gossip routing based wireless sensor network framework … (Manjunathan Alagarsamy)
402  ISSN: 2089-4864

Indhumathi Gopal received Engineer degree in Electronics and Communication

Engineering from Ranipettai Engineering College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu in 2013. She received
the master’s degree in communication and Networking from Ganadipathy Tulsi’s Jain
Engineering College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India in 2015. She is currently working as an
Assistant Professor in the Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering at
Rajalakshmi Engineering College, Chennai, India. Her area of interests includes medical image
processing, wireless communication and sensor networks, embedded systems, internet of
things, machine learning. She can be contacted at email: indhumathi.g@rajalakshmi.edu.in.

Radhika Kuppusamy is working as a Professor in the Department of Electronics

and Communication Engineering at Muthayammal Engineering College, Rasipuram. She has
15 years of Teaching and Research experience. She has published papers in reputed
International Journals and Conferences, 08 Books/Chapters and published 06 Patents. She is
the Life Member of ISTE, IETE. Her research interest includes VLSI, embedded systems and
instrumentation. She can be contacted at email: radhikasiva1982@gmail.com.

Dr. Anwar Basha Haffishthullah is working as an Assistant Professor in School

of CSE, REVA University, Bengaluru, India. He obtained his Bachelor’s degree in CSE from
Anna University, Chennai in the year 2006. He has obtained his M.Tech. degree in CSE from
Dr. MGR Educational and Research Institute University, Chennai. He completed his Ph.D. in
CSE from Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (Deemed to be University),
Chennai. He is having 16+ years of experience in teaching and IT industries. He has published
many research articles in peer reviewed international journals and presented many papers in
reputed conferences in India and Abroad. He is a reviewer for Springer and Elsevier journals.
He is currently working on multi cloud storage, cyber security, and edge computing. He can be
contacted at email: anwar.mtech@gmail.com.

Dr. Kannadhasan Suriyan is working as an Assistant Professor in the

department of Electronics and Communication Engineering in Study World College of
Engineering, Coimbatore, Tamil Nādu, India. He is Completed the Ph.D. in the field of Smart
Antenna for Anna University in 2022. He is Twelve years of teaching and research experience.
He obtained his B.E in ECE from Sethu Institute of Technology, Kariapatti in 2009 and M.E in
Communication Systems from Velammal College of Engineering and Technology, Madurai in
2013. He obtained his M.B.A. in Human Resources Management from Tamil Nādu Open
University, Chennai. He has published around 45 papers in the reputed indexed international
journals indexed by SCI, Scopus, Web of science, Major indexing and more than 146 papers
presented/published in national, international journal and conferences. Besides he has
contributed a book chapter also. He also serves as a board member, reviewer, speaker, session
chair, advisory and technical committee of various colleges and conferences. He is also to
attend the various workshop, seminar, conferences, faculty development program, STTP and
Online courses. His areas of interest are smart antennas, digital signal processing, wireless
communication, wireless networks, embedded system, network security, optical
communication, microwave antennas, electromagnetic compatibility and interference, wireless
sensor networks, digital image processing, satellite communication, cognitive radio design, and
soft computing techniques. He is Member of SMIEEE, ISTE, IEI, IETE, CSI, IAENG, SEEE,
IEAE, INSC, IARDO, ISRPM, IACSIT, ICSES, SPG, SDIWC, IJSPR and EAI Community.
He can be contacted at email: kannadhasan.ece@gmail.com.

Int J Reconfigurable & Embedded Syst, Vol. 12, No. 3, November 2023: 392-402