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Epd861 Dulux Preparation Paints 2017
Epd861 Dulux Preparation Paints 2017
What is an EPD?
Environmental Product Declarations (EPDs) are like nutrition labels – they provide a transparent, multi-faceted overview of the
environmental performance of a product during its life cycle.
Our intention in providing these EPDs is to present the potential environmental impacts for a range of preparation, broad-wall
and ceiling paints. The three paint ranges are presented in three separate EPDs such that they can be combined to calculate
the impacts of a full paint system.
EPDs within the same product category from different programs may not be comparable. EPDs of construction products may
not be comparable if they do not comply with EN 15804.
Declaration owner
DuluxGroup (Australia) Pty Ltd
www.dulux.com.au/trade
sustainability@duluxgroup.com.au
1956 Dandenong Road, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
EPD produced by
thinkstep Pty Ltd
www.thinkstep.com
anz@thinkstep.com
25 Jubilee Street, Perth, Western Australia 6151, Australia
Dulux strives to provide products that are integral to the design and environmental performance of major construction projects
in Australia. Colour selection and detail can enhance a building. The ability to provide that colour in a high quality and durable
coating system is critical to the design intent and success of the built environment created. Dulux provides paint on many of
Australia’s major and iconic assets in markets such as Health, Education, Infrastructure and Commercial and Residential.
Below are some examples recent projects painted with Dulux paints.
Melbourne School of Design, The University of Melbourne The Victorian Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Melbourne
Photograph by John Gollings Photograph by John Gollings
Dulux has a strong history of developing innovative solutions Post-consumer waste management program
that contribute to more sustainable outcomes throughout Dulux is one of the founding members of the Paintback®
the paint life cycle. We led the market in developing the product stewardship scheme, which aims to reduce post-
first carbon neutral paint, certified under the Australian consumer paint and packaging waste to landfill and to
Government’s former Greenhouse Friendly program and support responsible management of waste paint and
have worked pro-actively to provide high-performance, packaging. Paintback® is establishing sites across Australia
low VOC water-based products to the market. to collect, transport and recycle waste paint and packaging
from domestic and trade customers. The scheme commenced
Management of manufacturing operations in May 2016, with 14 collection sites and a vision to grow
Dulux manages the sustainability performance of our service coverage to 85% of the Australian population
operations through an integrated safety and sustainability by 2021.
management system. The system is implemented across all
Dulux Preparation Paints Dulux Professional® Total Prep: A high quality all-in-one acrylic
Dulux offers a range of highly effective products to seal, primer/sealer/undercoat. Suitable for use on almost all interior
prime and undercoat surfaces in preparation for Dulux and exterior surfaces.
high performance top coat products.
The properties of these preparation paints are shown in
Dulux Acrylic Sealer Undercoat: A low VOC (<5g/L) Table 1 below. The volume and mass of paint to cover 1m2
acrylic sealer undercoat with excellent hiding power and of surface are calculated assuming one coat as per AS/NZS
filling properties for use on interior plasterboard and 2311:2009.
textured surfaces.
Declared unit
This EPD is valid for a declared unit of 1m2 of coated surface using the number of coats recommended by AS/NZS 2311:2009
(as shown in Table 1 on page 6).
Industry classification
Product Classification Code Category
All UN CPC Ver.2 35110 Paints and varnishes and related products
ANZSIC 2006 C191600 Paint and Coatings Manufacturing
Scope
This EPD is of the ‘cradle-to-gate’ type with options. It includes EN 15804 modules A1–A5, C2, C4 and D (see Table 2).
These modules are for paint production (A1–A3), transport to customer (A4), paint application (A5), end-of-life transport (C2),
disposal (C4) and recycling potential for future product systems (D).
Other life cycle stages (modules B1–B7 and C1, C3) are dependent on particular scenarios and best modelled
at the building level.
To calculate the impacts of a paint system, locate the results tables for both your prep coat and top coat and then add together
the numbers (i.e. preparation + topcoat) for each module separately (A1– A3, A4, A5, etc.).
If you would prefer to access the data within a Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) software tool, please contact
sustainability@duluxgroup.com.au
Construction/installation
Waste processing
Manufacturing
Refurbishment
Maintenance
Replacement
Recycling-
Recovery-
potential
Disposal
Repair
Reuse-
Use
A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 B1 B2 B3 B4 B5 B6 B7 C1 C2 C3 C4 D
X X X X X MND MND MND MND MND MND MND MND X MND X X
X = included; MND = module not declared (such a declaration shall not be regarded as an indicator result of zero)
The results in this EPD are reported for the largest packaging size available, as this is the size class intended for commercial
painters. The packaging material (tinplated steel or polypropylene) and size (in litres) is noted above each results table later in this
EPD. If the potential environmental impacts of alternative packaging sizes fall within ±10% for modules A1–A3, this is also noted
above the table. In these cases, the results for the declared packaging size also apply to these alternative packaging sizes for
modules A1–A3.
Where a given paint must be tinted before use, the typical volume of tinter is included within Module A4, as is electricity for
mixing the tinter, plus disposal of tinter packaging.
Dulux is a member of Paintback® and is investigating all available options for increasing paint recycling. Currently the recycling
rate for leftover paint is relatively low at a national level and it is all assumed to be landfilled within this study as a conservative
approach.
Based on Australian average recycling rates for steel cans and polypropylene packaging, 41% of all tinplated steel pails
and 22.5% of all polypropylene pails are assumed to be recycled respectively, with the remainder landfilled (APC 2015).
No recycling data specific to paint packaging in Australia was available at the time of publication.
Data for core processes: Primary (specific) data were Cut off criteria: Environmental impacts relating to personnel,
used for all manufacturing operations at Dulux’s Rocklea plant. infrastructure, and production equipment not directly consumed
Data are an average for the year from October 2014 to in the process are excluded from the system boundary as per
September 2015. the PCR (IEPDS 2016, section 6.5.4). All other reported data
were incorporated and modelled using the best available life
Data for upstream and ownstream processes: cycle inventory data.
Secondary (generic) data from the GaBi Life Cycle Inventory
Database 2016 (thinkstep 2016) and the European Life Cycle Allocation: Where subdivision of processes was not
Database (ELCD 2016) were used for all energy inputs, raw possible, the allocation rules listed in PCR chapter 6.7 have
materials and transport processes. Most datasets have a been applied. Allocation was primarily done by volume or
reference year between 2012 and 2015 and all fall within mass, e.g. manufacturing overheads were attributed to the
the 10 year limit for generic data under EN 15804. various paints based on their volume.
An introduction to each environmental indicator is provided below. The best-known effect of each indicator is listed
to the right of its name.
Note: All indicators represent the potential to cause environmental impacts; they do not predict if specific environmental
thresholds, safety margins or risks will be exceeded. The actual impacts on the environment typically depend upon local,
regional and/or global conditions.
The chart below presents the life cycle of the highest selling product within this EPD, Dulux Professional® Total Prep,
to give an indication of the life cycle stages that contribute most to the environmental impacts of Dulux paint.
The results are normalised to 100% for each environmental indicator. Only the life cycle modules assessed in this EPD are shown.
Module D has been excluded as it represents potential benefits and loads for future product systems and is therefore outside the
system boundary for Dulux paints.
As can be seen, the impacts of producing the paint are most significant to total life cycle performance, while other life cycle
stages have relatively small contributions, except for POCP (summer smog) where paint application is most important.
Acidification (AP)
Eutrophication (EP)
Care should be taken when comparing EPDs. Especially in the case of paint EPDs, given the importance of secondary data
(e.g. titanium dioxide), comparisons should not be made if the EPDs use different data sources.
Overall, the most important factors to consider when comparing two paint EPDs are that they:
1. Cover paints with the same:
a. Functionality, i.e. they meet the same minimum performance requirements;
b. Application environment (e.g. interior paints applied on plasterboard);
c. Colour and gloss level; and
d. Number of coats applied per m2.
2. Have the same functional unit. This EPD uses m2 at the number of coats required under AS/NZS 2311:2009.
3. Follow the same product category rules. This EPD follows PCR 2012:01 and EN 15804.
4. For raw materials (particularly titanium dioxide and monomers), they use either:
a. Primary data directly from suppliers; or
b. The same secondary data source (i.e. same database or literature source).
Specifically, the dataset for titanium dioxide used in this EPD was compiled by the Titanium Dioxide Manufacturers Association
(TDMA) and is published in the European Life Cycle Database (ELCD 2016). Datasets for monomers, extenders and pigments
were sourced from the GaBi Life Cycle Inventory Database 2016 (thinkstep 2016).
Additional
Production Distribution Application End-of-life Info.
Environmental impact Unit A1-A3 A4 A5 C2 C4 D
Global warming potential kg CO2-eq. 1.90E-01 1.27E-02 3.45E-03 2.76E-04 2.17E-03 -2.20E-03
Depletion potential of the stratospheric kg CFC11- 6.94E-09 6.13E-15 1.06E-10 1.37E-16 4.15E-14 1.11E-14
ozone layer eq.
Acidification potential of land and kg SO2-eq. 2.24E-03 5.00E-05 3.68E-05 1.21E-06 2.96E-05 -1.50E-06
water
Eutrophication potential kg PO43-eq. 2.19E-04 1.12E-05 3.99E-06 2.84E-07 1.32E-05 7.37E-08
Photochemical ozone creation kg C2H4-eq. 9.22E-05 -1.22E-05 2.03E-05 -4.23E-07 1.35E-05 -9.69E-07
potential
Abiotic depletion potential – elements kg Sb-eq. 9.50E-07 3.02E-10 1.45E-08 6.24E-12 8.31E-10 2.07E-10
Abiotic depletion potential – fossil fuels MJ 3.21E+00 1.73E-01 5.64E-02 3.78E-03 3.28E-02 -1.98E-02
Additional
Production Distribution Application End-of-life Info.
Environmental impact Unit A1-A3 A4 A5 C2 C4 D
Global warming potential kg CO2-eq. 2.08E-01 1.42E-02 4.14E-03 3.01E-04 2.37E-03 -1.16E-03
Depletion potential of the stratospheric kg CFC11- 7.98E-09 6.82E-15 1.22E-10 1.50E-16 4.53E-14 -1.03E-13
ozone layer eq.
Acidification potential of land and kg SO2-eq. 2.57E-03 5.56E-05 4.56E-05 1.32E-06 3.24E-05 -2.11E-06
water
Eutrophication potential kg PO43-- eq. 2.48E-04 1.24E-05 5.48E-06 3.11E-07 1.44E-05 -2.13E-07
Photochemical ozone creation kg C2H4-eq. 1.03E-04 -1.35E-05 4.00E-04 -4.63E-07 1.47E-05 -3.60E-07
potential
Abiotic depletion potential – elements kg Sb-eq. 1.09E-06 3.36E-10 1.68E-08 6.81E-12 9.07E-10 -3.79E-10
Abiotic depletion potential – fossil fuels MJ 3.76E+00 1.93E-01 6.69E-02 4.13E-03 3.58E-02 -4.52E-02
ADPE Abiotic Depletion Potential – Elements APC (2015). National Recycling and Recovery Surveys (NRRS)
for 2014-15: “Paper Packaging, Glass Containers, Steel Cans
ADPF Abiotic Depletion Potential – Fossil Fuels
and Aluminium Packaging” and “Plastics Packaging”. Prepared
AP Acidification Potential for the Australian Packaging Covenant. Available:
www.packagingcovenant.org.au/pages/apc-recycling-data.html
ELCD European reference Life Cycle Database
AS/NZS 2311:2009. Guide to the painting of buildings.
EP Eutrophication Potential
Sydney: Standards Australia.
EPD Environmental Product Declaration
CML (2013). CML-IA Characterisation Factors (April 2013).
GaBi Ganzheitliche Bilanzierung Institute of Environmental Sciences, Leiden University. Available:
(German for holistic balancing) www.universiteitleiden.nl/en/research/research-output/
science/cml-ia-characterisation-factors.
GWP Global Warming Potential
ELCD (2016). Titanium Dioxide. European reference Life-
LCA Life Cycle Assessment
Cycle Database. Available: eplca.jrc.ec.europa.eu/ELCD3/
LCI Life Cycle Inventory showProcess.xhtml?uuid=07927a54-b4f1-5e6e-94ca-
00006717e913
NMVOC Non-Methane Volatile Organic Compound
EN 15804:2012+A1:2013. Sustainability of construction
ODP Stratospheric Ozone Depletion Potential
works — Environmental product declarations — Core rules
PCR Product Category Rules for the product category of construction products. Brussels:
European Committee for Standardization.
POCP Photochemical Ozone Creation Potential
IEPDS (2014). PCR 2014:05 Paints, Varnishes and Related
SVHC Substance of Very High Concern
Products, Version 1.0. Stockholm: The International EPD®
VOC Volatile Organic Compound System.
IEPDS (2016). PCR 2012:01 Construction Products and
Construction Services, Version 2.01. Stockholm: The
International EPD® System.
Version history
ISO 14025:2006; Environmental labels and declarations
V1.0 Initial release — Type III environmental declarations — Principles and
V1.1 Results corrected for ‘use of net fresh water’ procedures. Geneva: International Organization for
Standardization.
ISO 14040:2006. Environmental management – Life cycle
assessment – Principles and framework. Geneva: International
Organization for Standardization.
ISO 14044:2006. Environmental management – Life cycle
assessment – Requirements and guidelines.
Geneva: International Organization for Standardization.
thinkstep (2016). GaBi Life Cycle Inventory Database 2016.
Leinfelden-Echterdingen, Germany: thinkstep AG. Available:
www.gabi-software.com/support/gabi/gabi-database-2016-
lci-documentation.