Professional Documents
Culture Documents
SANY Excavator Training
SANY Excavator Training
Four generations
2001~ 2006
2G Sany hex
1998~2001
1G Sany hex 2008 ~today
4G Sany hex
2006~2008
3G Sany hex
1
NFC & PFC
NFC hydraulic system using following sensors to modulate the pump
Front pump output oil pressure / Front pump control oil pressure
Rear pump output oil pressure / Rear pump control oil pressure
NFC oil pressure: picked up at the outlet port of control valve central passage.
Control oil pressure is the maximum when all the pilot valves are in the
neutral position.
PFC hydraulic system using following sensors to modulate the pump
Front pump output oil pressure
Rear pump output oil pressure
9 pilot oil pressure sensors
As the pilot valve control lever is moved farther away from the neutral
position, the pilot oil pressure increased. This increased pilot oil pressure
was sent to the controller, controller then varied the current output to
the pump PRV which modulate the pump output.
Software of NFC and PFC system is quite different. Do not confuse them.
2
Bucket capacity
Capacity
Model
(m3)
SY55C 0.18
SY65C 0.25
SY55C SY65C/75C SY135C SY205C/215C/235C
SY75C 0.28
SY135C 0.53
SY205C 0.8
SY215C 0.9
SY235C 1.2
SY425C 2.0
SY465C 2.2
SY700C 3.5
SY850C 4.5
SY310C; 08SY31250202.
4
Equipment number
⊙Machine made between 2006 to 2008
07 SY 21 26 0825 SY210C6A
Serial number
Model code
Machine weight (ton)
Sort code, SY is hex
Made in 2007
Code 21 23 25 26 27 29 30 31 32
Model C5A C5B C5E C6A C6B C6M C6E C8M C8B
5
Serial number
⊙ Machine made after September of 2008
Model code
10 SY 005 0 A318 SY55C
Sequence number
Made in 2010
6
Nomenclature
1 - Bucket 30 - Idler wheel
2 - Linkage 31 - Air Cleaner
3 - Rocker Arm 32 - Control Lever
4 - Bucket Cylinder 33 - Side Teeth
5 - Stick 34 - Bucket Teeth
6 - Stick Cylinder 35 - Driving Cab
7 - Boom 36 - Boom Cylinder
8 - Swivel Joint 37 - Working Light
9 - Battery Box
10 - Swing Bearing
11 - Swing Unit
12 - Control Valve
13 - Fuel Tank
14 - Hyd Oil Tank
15 - Pilot Filter
16 - Muffler
17 - Pump
18 - Engine
19 - Counterweight
20 - Radiator, Oil Cooler 25 - Track Roller
21 - Detergent Box 26 – Carrier Roller
22 - Tool Box 27 - Water Tank
23 - Track 28 - Track Frame
24 - Tracking Unit 29 - Track Tensioning Mechanism
7
Hex structure
8
Component location review
9
Joystick
t Fr
Le on on t
Fr t h
ft R ig
Re
a r Ri ft ar
gh e
Re t L
Maintenance
12
Major components
Travel mtr
Hyd pump
Bucket cyl
Swing mtr
Holding valve
Swivel joint Ctrl valve
Boom cyl
Engine
Stick cyl
Travel mtr
13
Hydraulic circuit
14
Main oil circuit
15
Pilot oil circuit
16
SY205C/SY215C Hyd schematic
17
Electronic ctrl system
18
Electronic ctrl system
19
Electronic control system
Hex electrical control system consist of:
Input components: temperature sensors,
pressure sensors, speed sensors, switches and
so on. Signals were pick up and send to
controller.
Controller: electronic power system EPS. Accept
and treat the input signal and then send
signals to the output components.
Output components: injectors, gauges,
solenoids, governor actuator, servo valves, and
so on. All these components are all the actuator
just like the cylinder, motors, hyd pump.
20
Electronic system
21
Engine speed ctrl
1、Dial switch located on the right console in the cab.
22
Engine speed ctrl
2、EPS controller located in the cab behind the seat.
23
Engine speed ctrl
3, Governor actuator is installed in the main
hydraulic pump compartment.
24
Engine speed ctrl
Engine speed control system operation:
Dial switch changed, the electrical potential changed.
Dial
Dialswitch
switch EPS
EPScontroller
controller Governor
Governoractuator
actuator Engine
Engine
25
Pump power ctrl
Delivery
Deliverypressure
pressuresensor
sensor
26
Pump power ctrl
28
Pump power ctrl
3. There are two proportional solenoid valves on
the main hyd pump:
Front pump PRV.
Rear pump PRV.
Front Rear
Rearpump
pumpPRV
Frontpump
pumpPRV
PRV PRV
29
Pump power ctrl
System operation – pump power control
Oil pressure signal picked up by pressure sensor, reflect
the working load and pilot valve’s travel distance from
neutral, was transformed into electric signal and send to
the machine controller.
30
Electrical energy save ctrl
1、Sany hex has AEC function:
a. Pilot valve return to neutral position for more than 5 seconds.
b. Pressure switch detected the pressure signal and sent an
electric signal to controller EPS.
c. Controller sent a signal to governor actuator and drop engine
speed to 1400 rpm. Energy was saved and noise was reduced.
d. Any of the pilot valves were moved from neutral position.
Engine speed will be restored rapidly.
Working
B
modes S
32
Electrical energy save ctrl
Working mode
a. Standard mode. 90% rated hp.
33
Working modes
Work mode Engine speed and power Note
2200rpm,max throttle
Heavy mode Productivity: 8% ↑
position, 100% of rated
H
power output fuel rate: 4%↑
Fuel rate 7% ↓ compare
Standard mode 2100rpm,90% of rated
S to competitor with the
power output
same earthwork.
Light mode 2000rpm, 80% of rated
L power output
Break mode 1900rpm,70% of rated
For hydraulic hammer
B power output
For the machine built later, B mode and the S mode have
the same specification.
34
Working modes
35
Electrical energy save ctrl
a. If coolant temperature up to
warning range, working
mode shifted down one
level automatically.
37
Auxiliary function
c. travel solenoid.
d. backup solenoid.
38
Auxiliary function
39
Auxiliary function
4. Hydraulic lock switch is operated by the hydraulic
activation control level. When this switch was closed,
electric power was sent to the hydraulic lock solenoid
located on the pilot manifold.
40
Auxiliary function
42
Auto engine speed control
Function:
When all the operating levers are in the neutral position, decrease the engine
speed to reduce the fuel consumption and noise.
Operation:
After the operating lever returns to the neutral position for 3 seconds, the
diesel engine runs with low speed automatically.
Hydraulic oil neutral flow loss can be lessened and the diesel engine wear is
reduced.
The functions of energy-saving and noise reduction are achieved.
When the operating lever is pulled to work again, the diesel engine
automatically resumes the former speed condition.
44
Sany excavators
45
Engines of Sany hex
Engines installed in the Sany excavators can be
divided into two types:
Mechanical engines
Electronic controlled engines.
Cooling Fuel
50
Chapter 1
Basic knowledge of the excavator
51
Application
52
Excavator can be sorted by
Bucket:
Single bucket
Multi-bucket which can excavate, transport, and load simultaneously.
Application:
Construction (general application)
Mining, etc. (special application)
Power:
Electric power,
Hybrid power
Diesel engine.
Final drive:
Wheel-type excavator
Track type excavator.
53
Multi-bucket
54
Multi-bucket
55
Bucket teeth backward Bucket teeth forward
56
History of the excavator
InIn1837,
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firstexcavator
excavator 1.1.In
In1895,
1895,invented
inventedby
byRichard
RichardWind;
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o
was
was invented
inventedininAmerican,
American,which
which 2.2.upper
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structurecan
canbe
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swungatat360
360o
isispowered
poweredby
bythe
thesteam
steamengine.
engine. 3.3.AAmilestone
milestoneininthe
theexcavator
excavatorhistory.
history.
57
History of the excavator
In 1837,the first excavator was invented in America,
which was powered by the steam engine.
58
Excavator in China
In 1954, the first mechanical excavator was manufactured.
59
Sany excavator
2001~ 2006
2G Sany hex
1998~2001
1G Sany hex 2008 ~today
2006~2008 4G Sany hex
3G Sany hex
60
Chapter 2
61
Domestic excavator market
• Medium-sized:
High-end brands: Hitachi 、Komatsu、Caterpillar、 Kobelco
• Small-sized:
High-end brands: Komatsu 、 Volvo、Case
62
Major competitor
Manufacturer:
1. Established in 1921, with a history more than 80 years.
2. It is the second largest construction machinery manufacturer in the world.
3. Product lines cover construction machinery, excavators, bulldozers, loaders,
dump trucks, articulated trucks, shield machines
General agent:
Komatsu (China) Investment Co., Ltd, a foreign invest company, was established in
Shanghai in 2001.
63
Komatsu plants in China
64
Komatsu characteristics
Main structure like stick, boom, X-Frame, cab, and travel motor are
manufactured in China.
PC-8 price jumps despite showing little technique improvement
(especially the hydraulic system).
Komatsu Produces hydraulic components in its own plant. Cost per
piece is high.
Comparing with competitors, end user has to pay 12,000-14,000
PC360-
RMB for hammer auxiliary valve as it is not
7 standard on PC-8.
The new EFI engine has a high fuel consumption rate, and poor
performance.
65
Major competitor
Manufacturer:
1. Established in 1910 with headquarter in Tokyo, Japan.
2. Hitachi Construction Machinery came to China in 1985.
3. In 1995, Hefei Hitachi Excavators Co., Ltd. established (Hitachi JV in China.) .
4. In 1998, sales and service departments were separated from Hefei Hitachi
and formed Hitachi Construction Machinery Shanghai.
General agent:
Hitachi Construction Machinery (China) Co., Ltd: Imported HITACHI Excavator.
Hitachi Construction Machinery (SH) Co., Ltd: Excavator assembled in China.
66
Hitachi characteristic
Although Hitachi announced to use 100% genuine Hitachi-Made parts, but
many of it’s key parts coming form global sourcing, such as Chinese
suppliers, and so on.
The speed of ZX-3 series excavators is good, but some models have the
high fuel consumption complaint.
The EFI engine fuel injection nozzle counts on the high quality fuel, which is
not available in many places. Hitachi offers no warranty to injector failure.
Although the high-efficiency filter but problem was failed to solved .
Most of the users have turned to other brands due to Hitachi’s strict and
tedious warranty claim.
Hitachi excavators have oil leakage problem which is the worst among all
the brands.
67
Major competitor
Manufacturer :
1. Caterpillar, established in 1925, is the largest earthmoving machine and
construction machine manufacturer in the world,
2. The major supplier of diesel engine, gas engines, and industrial gas turbines
Domestic institutions :
1. Caterpillar (China) Investment Co., Ltd. established in Beijing in 1996.
2. Caterpillar (Xuzhou plant) Co., Ltd. was established in October 1994, which
is the second largest production base for Caterpillar hydraulic excavators since
the first excavator was launched in May 1995.
68
Caterpillar characteristics
1. Caterpillar excavator’ performance is good, but price is excessively
high which comes from it’s brand rather than it’s quality.
2. Working noise of the main hydraulic pump is the biggest among all
the brands, which reduced the service life of the pump. Customer
frequently complain about the working noise and the pump failure.
69
Caterpillar characteristics
70
Major competitor
Manufacturer:
Kobelco Construction Machinery Co., Ltd. On October 1, 1999 ,it was separated out from
Kobe Steel Co., Ltd.
Plants in China:
Chengdu Kobelco Construction Machinery Co., Ltd, established in September 1994,
produces medium-sized excavators.
Chengdu Kobelco mini excavator ,established in June 2007 ,produces small sized
KOBELCO excavators
Hangzhou Kobelco Construction Machinery Co., Ltd, established in April 2005, produces
20-25 ton excavators
71
Kobelco characteristics
Dumping the market with low price. profit margin for agents is low,
many dealer select to terminate the agent contract.
72
Major competitor
Manufacturer:
Daewoo Heavy Machinery Co., Ltd renamed Doosan Infracore Co., Ltd On Apr 29, 2005, .
Daewoo Heavy Industry (Yantai) Co., Ltd.“ renamed ”Doosan Infracore (China) Co., Ltd.
Plants in China :
Doosan Infracore (China) Co., Ltd is founded on October 1, 1994 .
1. Started to manufacture excavator In June 28, 1996.
2. Produces and sells excavator, forklift, machine tools, loader and engine.
3. Plant is located in Yantai, Shandong Province.
73
Doosan characteristics
74
Major competitor
Plants in China :
Beijing Hyundai Heavy Industries Co., Ltd is a JV by Hyundai Heavy IndustryCo.,
Ltd. and Beijing mechanical & Electrical Co., Ltd, established on September 1, 2002.
Main products are forklifts and mini excavators.
Hyundai (Jiangsu) Construction Machinery Co., Ltd is a JV by Hyundai Heavy
Industries Co., Ltd and Changlin Co., Ltd, established in November 2003. Main
products are middle-sized and large excavators.
75
Major competitor
Manufacturer:
Volvo group is one of the largest manufacturer of trucks, buses and construction
equipments .The Volvo Group's excavator business was established in 1927 after
the acquisition of Samsung excavator branch。
General agent: Volvo Construction Equipment (China) Co., Ltd. was established in
March 2002 and headquartered in Shanghai.
Plants in China:
The factory locates in Shanghai Pudong Jinqiao Export Processing Zone. Started to
produce in March 2003 。
76
Volvo characteristics
77
Chapter 3
78
Comparison data
Bucket capacity is larger than other brands
Capacity m3
1.2
1 0.93
0.8 0.8 0.8
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
SY215C-8 PC200-8 ZX200-3 SK200-8
79
Comparison data
Lower fuel consumption, lower cost.
80
Comparison data
Volume of Earth Moved Per Hour: m3/h
300
251.39
250
196.31 190
200 167.73
150
100
50
0
SY215C‐8 PC200‐8 DH220LC‐7 ZX200‐3
81
Reliability and durability
82
High End Configuration
Kawasaki main
hydraulic pump
Kawasaki main
control valve
Mitsubishi diesel
engine
KYB or TEJIN
SEIKI Motor
83
Advanced R&D and Testing Methods
Solid
Components
Reinforced X-frame
84
Advanced R&D and Testing Method
85
Enhanced bucket High-strength, anti-wear bucket
High-strength and
anti-wear steel High-strength and
plate anti-wear bucket
teeth and side
cutter
86
Enhanced boom Enhanced durable boom
87
Enhanced working equipments Enhanced durable stick
88
Reinforced X-frame More stable, long service life.
89
Reinforced carrier roller frame Service life increase by 30%
90
High-strength swing platform More solid, more stable
91
Better anti-wear shims Enhance the wearability
92
Comfortable ,safety cab
93
Skylight enlarged by 72% Better visibility and ventilation
94
Comfortable cab
Wider visibility
Multi-adjustment
of the seat
95
High power and automatic air-conditioner
96
Convenient monitor and console
Newly added
headlights for night
work
Sunshade reduces
ultraviolet radiation,
and the sun glare.
Working efficiency
Air-conditioner and radio increased.
98
Easy and convenient maintenance
99
Convenient routine maintenance
Pilot filter
Primary
fuel filter
Throttle
Shut down motor
motor
Fuel Water
Eng oil filter
separator
100
Easier oil drain
101
Rain-proof shut down motor
102
Maintenance information display
Information of maintenance
intervals is displayed on the
on the monitor timely.
(50H、250H、500H、1000H、2000H)
103
Easy to access the radiator
104
Safe and environment-friendly
A. Safety cab
C. Environment-friendly performance
105
Enhanced new cab Better protection to Rollover and falling object
Steel structure
106
More safety devices
107
Environment -friendly performance
108
Chapter 4
109
Doosan DH220 & Sany SY215C
1、Comparison of configuration
2、Comparisons of parameter
110
Hyundai R205-7 & Sany SY215C8
1、Comparison of configuration
2、Comparisons of parameter
Fuel Pump
Power Fuel tank Weight Digging force
consumption flow
2*210L/
SY215C8 114KW 14-17L/h 340L 19.6T 138/100KN
m
2*220L/
R205 110KW 17-21L/h 320L 20.3T 110/93KN
m
111
Hyundai R335-7 & Sany SY335C
1、Comparison of configuration
2、Comparisons of parameter
Fuel Fuel
Power Weight Digging force Pump flow
consumption tank
SY335C 184KW 26-32L/h 540L 33T 210/161KN 2*265L/m
112
Komatsu PC300-7 & Sany SY335C
1、Comparison of configuration
2、Comparisons of parameter
113
Hitachi ZAXIS330-3 & Sany SY335C
1、Comparison of configuration
2、Comparisons of parameter
114
SY335C-8
DH300LC-7 PC300-7 ZX330-3 R335LC-7
Item Model
Doosan Komatsu Hitachi Hyundai SY335
Engine Doosan Komatsu Isuzu Cummins Isuzu
Configuration
Hydraulic system Korea Komatsu Kawasaki Korea Kawasaki
115
116