APPROACHES

TO
MANAGEMENT
 About Me
Name: Akib Mahmud Pathan
Roll: 19
Batch: 71
Reg: BS-D-71-22-121280
 Introduction
Good management is crucial for the success of
any organization, as it involves planning,
organizing, leading, and controlling resources to
achieve organizational goals. Over the years,
various approaches to management have been
developed, each with its own unique philosophy,
principles, and techniques. In this presentation,
we will explore some of the key approaches to
management and their implications for
organizational effectiveness.
 1. Scientific Management:
Developed by Frederick Taylor in the late 19th
century.
Focuses on optimizing efficiency and productivity
through systematic observation, measurement, and
analysis of work processes.
Emphasizes breaking down tasks into smaller
components and determining the most efficient
way to perform each task.
Aims to improve worker productivity and overall
efficiency by aligning employee skills with specific
tasks.
2. Administrative Management:
Proposed by Henri Fayol in the early 20th century.
Emphasizes the managerial functions of planning,
organizing, commanding, coordinating, and
controlling.
Focuses on the overall structure of an organization
and the roles and responsibilities of managers at
various levels.
Highlights the importance of clear communication,
unity of command, and coordination among
departments
 3. Behavioral Management:
Developed as a reaction to the mechanistic
approaches of scientific and administrative
management.
Pioneered by Elton Mayo and the Hawthorne
Studies in the 1920s and 1930s.
Focuses on understanding how human behavior,
motivation, and social interactions influence work
performance.
Recognizes the importance of employee
satisfaction, motivation, and collaboration in
achieving organizational goals.
 4. Human Relations Approach:
Derived from the behavioral management
approach.
Emphasizes the significance of building positive
relationships, mutual trust, and effective
communication between managers and employees.
Stresses the importance of considering the social
and psychological needs of employees to improve
their job satisfaction and performance.
 5. Systems Theory:
Emerged in the mid-20th century.
Views organizations as complex systems with
interdependent components that interact to
achieve common goals.
Emphasizes the interconnectedness of various
elements within an organization, including people,
processes, technology, and the external
environment.
Encourages a holistic and interdisciplinary
approach to understanding and managing
organizations.
 6. Contingency Theory:

Developed in the 1960s.

Suggests that there is no one-size-fits-all approach
to management, as the most effective approach
depends on the specific situation and context.
Managers must adapt their strategies and practices
based on the unique challenges and circumstances
they face.
 In conclusion, management approaches have
evolved over time to reflect changing
perspectives on how organizations can achieve
their objectives. Each approach offers a
Conclusion different lens through which managers can
understand and navigate the complexities of
the workplace. While no single approach is
universally applicable, a combination of these
approaches can provide a well-rounded toolkit
for modern managers to effectively lead their
teams and organizations toward success.
THANK
YOU