610oz ~Sssaldxy yoal Dd; 3 IS ONYour best choice for Wireless Documentation — “= Wireless Network Information Center BBUFamiy _ () RRUFamiy CaN raed Latest & most comprehensive docs SRANI5.1 = 56 RAN2.1 | “Deployment Preparation = eRANIS.1 | «Network Deployment 7 RAN21-1 | « Network Maintenance ~ oBss2i.t Easier access to the information = Correlation search funetion = Online tools in search results = Most relevant docs associated ett Knowiedse Wireless Network Bookshelf (sy ee Login 1 CN 1/Supp04 CO ‘Online shopping-like query tools = The Base Station Family = The Feature Family = The Parameter & Counter Family Rich multimedia documentation - Videos = Technical poster ~ Tech express & e-books Bolt Ue Cle Ro Meo) center via Carrier Support website. support.huawei.com/carrierWhat Is Online Feedback? Documentation Online Feedback is an online documentation feedback platform based on http://support. huawei.com. It provides a fast channel for resolving documentation issues identified during network operation and maintenance, and also helps users better understand documentation. What Are the Advantages of Online Feedback? i — 28 ane ie ain Response within 2 working days One-click commenting Official & standardized Resolution in 10 working days to author reply How Do! Provide Online Feedback? support.huaweil.com HedEx Brower Me Huawer Carrier Network Support Hox Toc’ Base Station Conant wih Saucon Toc’ ick for feedback Description ‘eRAN Feature Documentation gLibrary Information Quick View Description xp Rating siete tes Feedback | Leave acomment | Emre. 7 33] Email Feedback Ea anON CONTENTS Basics Ol) Basic Principles of 5G RAN O7/_ gNodeB Quick Start Architecture +i NSA Networking and Functions 17/ SANetworking and Signaling Feature 23) MIMO 29) Beam Management 22] Automatic Neighbour Relation (ANR) 36) ULend DL Decoupling 44) LTE FDD and NR Uplink Spectrum Sharing 46) _ Interoperability Between E-UTRAN and NG-RAN So] IPV6 Basic Principles Hardware . sa) BBU 6) AAU (Massive MIMO) 62) CPRI&eCPRI Solution CPE . 66) 5G C-Band CPE Product IntroductionBasic Principles of 5G RAN This technical poster provides only a general overview and does not const information, see the product BCE Case lel tale) 8G is introduced in 3GPP Release 16 to address the increasing demand of lower latency and wider band- width from more types of connected devices, far beyond the capability supported by any existing network. te any offers or commitments. For dotailed feature documentation delivered with the softwar Less than 20 ms of delay in train-to-ground AR/VR ultimate experience & BE = 0 92% ~iuwwavon fi OG ae Diversified non-directly-connected devices ee @ ‘5G focuses on three scenarios, namely Ultra-Reliable and Low-Latency Communications (URLLC), Enhanced Mobile Broadband (eMBB), and Massive Machine-Type Communications (mMTC) to enhance user experience through technological evolution and revolution. BAY rR L es eMBB 01 / BasesNSA SA NSA\is a 5G networking architecture that builds 5G base ‘Ais an end-to-end 5G networking archi- stations upon a 4G network to achieve fast deployment. Huawei tecture, with 5G base stations directly solutions support NSA Option 3 and Option 3x already. connected to a 5G core network. Huawei solutions support SA Option 2 already. Option 3 gNodes eNodeB wx gNodeB UE 1% Data split anchor + Control plane data - Control plane data User plane data User plane data ‘8G needs spectrum within two frequency ranges: sub-6 GHz and above 6 GHz. Sub-6 GHz spectrum, which is further divided into the sub-3 GHz and C-band ranges, is the prime 5G band. Spectrum above 6 GHz, featuring abundance in resources, allows for ultra-high-speed 5G services in hotspots. Sub-6 GHz Above 6 GHz C NO ‘\ | (Mil | HII | mal (| () Visible light HR ep 123456 10 GHz | WRC-15 avaliable frequency bands for mobile communications |SWRC-19 candidate frequency bands for mobile communications The sub-6 GHz range supports a maximum bandwidth of 100 MHz and the above 6 GHz range supports 1GHz, much wider than 20 MHz supported by 4G. Basis /02‘There are two technology paths to 5G: 5G NR and evolution upon 4G. 5G NR (046 a «CSG Evolution U Beeld ‘The control plane protocol stack of 6G is the same as that of 4G. It implements functions such as air inter- ‘ace signaling connection management, air interface security, bearer management, and mobility manage- ‘ment. The user plane protocol stack of 5G adds a new protocol SDAP to that of 4G, which implements QoS mapping for differentiated service guarantee. Control plane protocol stack ial<—- aa a a Key 5G NR Technologies F-OFDM Filtered orthogonal frequency division multiplexing ({-OFDM) is a technology adopted in 5G to improve spectrum utilization. This technology reduces guard bands to the minimum through an optimized filter design and can thus deliver better system performance than OFDM used in LTE. LTE OFDM NR F-OFDM 15 kHz 15 kHz 30 kHz Guard band| Guard band Guard band: 10% Guard band: 2% to 5% Spectrum utilization: 90% Spectrum utilization: 95% to 98% 03 /BasiesNR supports scalable SCS compared to the single 15 kHz SCS in LTE. This shortens system delay and improves system robustness against frequency offsets. SCS options supported by different frequency bands eae] tery “We To be supported in later Huawei releases Slot Configuration Self-contained slot Self-contained slot is a new timeslot format that supports both uplink and downlink transmission in one slot. In comparison, the traditional TDD supports uplink transmission only in uplink slots and downlink transmis- sion only in downlink slots. Self-contained slot has two structures: DL-dominant slot and UL-dominant slot. The former is currently supported in Huawei solutions. Uplink control signal or SRS: Downlink control signal: shortens downlink acknowledgment delay shortens uplink scheduling delay DL-dominant slot UL-dominant slot Flexible frame structures Each frame structure defines a specific assignment of uplink and downlink subframes and can meet certain service requirements. Parameter groups for different frame structures | viagensioraae ; TE ee EI 4: 1 (DDDSU) aE) cd Each selt-contained sot i to 14 symbols. configuration period x2: number of DL symbols following DIL timeslots xt:number of DL timeslots _y2: number of UL symbols before UL timeslots yisnumber of ULtimesiots GP: number of GP symbols between UL and DL data transmission Basis /04|Example of slot configuration 4:1 (DDDSU) x: configuration period x1: number of DL timeslots yl: number of UL timeslots y2: number of UL symbols in a self-contained slot GP: number of GP symbols between UL and DL data transmission x2: number of DL symbols in a self-contained slot Channel Coding Control channel coding - polar code Polar code, a type of linear block code, uses matrix for encoding. Polar coding requires less SNR than ‘convolutional coding under the same conditions, while delivering 10%-30% higher transmission efficiency. Polar coding is used for the control channel in eMBB scenarios, Convoltonal SNR required Transmission efficiency Data channel coding - LDPC code LDPC code, also a type of linear block code, uses the check matrix for coding. LDPC features faster decod- ing speed than the Turbo coding used in LTE in high-rate scenarios. LDPC code is used for the data channel in eMBB scenarios. 06 / BasesModulation 5G introduces higher-order modulation schemes in addition to supporting all 4G modulation schemes. A higher-order modulation scheme modulates more bits of information into a symbol, thus enhancing the overall spectrum utilization of SG networks. QAM with different bits per symbol 16QAM 64QAM 256QAM 10240AM 4 bits/symbol 6 bits/eymbol 8 bits/symbol 10 bits/symbol = Represents multiple bits depending on amplitude anc ‘hase for mulifld improvement of spectral efcincy Comparison between 5G and 4G modulation schemes QPSK _16QAM__64QAM_256QAM © QPSK _16QAM_64QAM_"256QAM @ QPSK _16QAM__64QAM__256QAM Downlink @ __QPSK _16QAM_64QAM _256QAM_*1024AM “Tobe supported in ater Huawel releases Massive MIMO Massive MIMO uses more TX/RX channels and special signal processing techniques to improve the radio transmission reliability and signal quality and to expand the system capacity and coverage, which further leads to faster user rates and better user experience. Unlike the LTE that uses wide beams, NR supports narrow beams, which facilitates the concentration of transmit power. With 3D Beamforming, the narrow beams can adjust positions both horizontally and vertical- ly to cover the target UEs more accurately. This is different than the traditional beamforming, which can adjust positions only horizontally. (3)<—<= Massive MIMO. G Higher data rate (@Better user experience Glossary 5GC 5G Core Network (AMF Access and Mobility Management Function CP Cyclic Prefix EPC Evolved Packet Core eMBB Enhanced Motile Broadband LDPC Low Density Party Chock MAC Medium Access Contiol_mMTC Massie Machine-Type Communications NAS Non-Access Stratum NSA.Non-Standalono ‘OCP Packet Data Convergence Protocol PHY Physical Layer 8 quality of service ——_-RLE Radi Link Control RRC Radio Resource Cont SA Standalone SDAP Service Data Adaptation Protocel_ «SNR signalo-ciee rato URLLC Ultra Reliable and Low-Latency Communications WP ovssnsten oor. wn Copyright © Hane! Technologies Go, Lid 2019, Al igh reserved HUAWEI Basics / 06BY This technical postr provides only a gNodeB Quick Start eral overview and does n constitute any offers or commitments. For datalled Information, see the product or feature documentation delivered withthe software, ele R Titel ‘As a 5G network element, the gNodeB provides radio links between UEs and the network. U2020 EPC Transport network, moN 5GC UE —eNodeB Rel oles M are CMU lmUE Lice] Hardware Type Model BBU RRU AAU, pRRU RHUB BBU: BBUS900/BBU3910 Baseband processing unit (BBP): UBBPfw/UBBPg Main control board: UMPTe/UMPTg RRUS258 ‘AAUS612/AAUS6 13/AAUS614/AAUS313/AAUS310 pRRUS935/pRRUS935E RHUBS921/RHUBS923 Note: In NSA networking, the main control board must be a UMPTb, UMPTe, or UMPTg, and the BBP must be a UBBP on the eNodeB side. Pel ele eT Um LULL BTS3900C 07 /Basies gNodeB Model The gNodeB supports software versions of V100R015C00 and later. BTS3900/8TS5900 BTS3900L/BTSS9O0L BTS3900A/BTS5900A, BTS3900AL DBs3900 — = = eee eae V100R0—-V100RO.-—«V100RO.—-V100RO DBS3900 LampSite DBSSe00 Lampsite 12610 13010 15C00 15C10eels uta oly Gl supported Network Schemes In NSA networking, NR supports the Option 3 and Option 3x architectures. In SAnetworking, NR only supports the Option 2 architecture NSA Networking NSA Networking SA Networking (Option 3) (Option 3x) (Option 2) Data split Data split anchor anchor UE UE UE User-plane data Control-plane data gNodeB Support for SingleRAN Co-MPT: The gNodeB can only be used together with the eNodeB to form an LN co-MPT base station, Co-transmission: The gNodeB supports GULN co-transmission. itis recommended that a board with stronger processing capabilities be used for co-transmission. if boards have the same Capablies, itis better to use a legacy board for co-transmission, CCo-BBP: The gNode® cannot share a BBP wih another RAT current RF modules: RRUS258, AAUS613, and AAUS814 support NR and LTE TDD. AAUS612, AAUS313, and 'AAUS310 support oniy NR. pRRUS@3S and pRRUSOSOE support NR gNodeB Support for Fronthaul ‘The gNodeB supports eCPRI networking and CPRI Split point in eCPRI networking networking, The diferences are as follows: t 4 Lo RRC —— PoCcP —— RLC —— mac —— PHY —i— RF i i ‘eCPRI networking supports the star, Split point in CPRI networking load sharing, and dual-star topologies. aau)( aau ‘AAU | UBBP UBI =Hh : UMPT UMPT UMPT Star Topology Load Sharing Topology _Dual-star Topology Ring Topology CPRI networking supports the star, load sharing, dual-star, and ring topologies. "Note: AAUs support both CPRI networking and eCPRI networking. RRUs support only CPRI netwerking, Basis / 08gNodeB Operation and Maintenance Configuration Management Basic data configuration Differences in basic data configurations between gNodeB and eNodeB Difference gNodeB eNodeB Configurations in the APP MO “AT"=gNodeB "AT"=eNodeB MO for NE function configuration gNodeBFunction ‘eNodeBFunction Differences in basic data configurations between LN co-MPT and GUL co-MPT base stations Difference LN Co-MPT GUL Co-MPT Configurations in the NODE MO "WM"="CONCURRENT” "WM"="CONCURRENT* "WMEXTENSION"=COMM2 "WMEXTENSION'=COMM Relationships between MOs Relationships between MOs for NR basic data configurations for LN co-MPT basic data configurations NE NE 1 1 1 APP NODE "AT"=gNodes — 9Node8Function "WM"=CONCURRENT "WMEXTENSION"=COMM2 Transport data configuration Differences in transport data configurations between gNodeB and eNodeB Difference Nodes, eNodeB, Configuration mode Endpoint Link or endpoint NSA networking X2-U data, X2-C data, and S1-U data need to be configured. X2-U data, X2-C data, $1-U data, and S1-C data need to be configured SAnetworking Xn-U data, Xn-C data, NG-U data, and NG-C data need to be contfig- ured. NSA networking NSA networking SA networking (X2 interface) (S1 interface) (Xn and NG interfaces) gNode8Function gNodeBFunction gNodeBFunction ' 1 t gNBCUX2 gNBCUS1 GNBCUNG t 1 0 EPGroup EPGroup EPGroup y C4 tpt 00 / BasiesRadio data configuration gNodeB supports traditional cells and UL/DL decoupling cells. In UL/DL decoupling cells, DL data is transmitted in C-Band, UL data is transmitted in sub-3 GHz (for example, 1.8 GHz), and the NRDUGell MO needs to be configured separately for UL and DL. NRDUCell-2 NRDUCelI-1 [os sa ff a NRDUCeIITrp-2 NRDUCeIITrp-1 | taf fia NRDUCeliCoverage-2 SectorEqm-2 SectorEqm-1 License Management LTE UL4-Layer MU-MIMO UL 2x4 MU-MIMO NR UL 2x8 MU-MIMO UL 4x8 MU-MIMO DL8-Layer MU-MIMO DL 16-Layer MU-MIMO —> MU-MIMO Basic Pairing 1. Packaging of licensed software features into large-granularity features ‘The number of 5G sofware features is reduced to facilitate O&M. Glossary AAU Active Antenna Unit CGPRI common public radio interace RRU Remote Radio Unit WP cecrveriaion Dep ws CCopyrght © Huawei Technologies Co, Li 2019, Al nghts reserved. NRDUCelICoverage-1 24 NRCell —— Traditional cell example —— ULIDL decoupling cel example LTE Sales Unit NRC Une per Cell per RRC connected user er eNodeB per Cell per gNodeB 2. Normalization of sales units for software features “per RRC connected user” is no longer used as a ‘sales unit for software features. Users can determine the required values of license items for software features without the need to count the number of RRC ‘connected users or analyze the traffic volume. This avoids intersite adjustment of the number of RRC ‘connected users with the purpose of adaptation to traffic volume fluctuation. BBU Baseband Unit CPR! enhanced-common public radio interface (eCPRI) HUAWEI Basis /10NSA Networking and Functions This technical poster provides only @ general overview and does not constitute any offers or commitments. For detailed Information, see the product or festure documentation delivered wth the sofware 5G Networking Overview There are two types of SG networking schemes: non-standalone (NSA) networking and standalone (SA) networking. In NSA networking, Huawei base stations support the Option 3 and Option 3x architectures. in SA networking, Huawei base stations support the Option 2 architecture. This document focuses on NSA networking, ‘Control plane anchor % Data split anchor NSA Networking Options|§ — Option 3 ge Option 3x ge Option 3a C EPC EPC stu [stu SA Networking Options Option 4 Option 4a 5GC Nec! Neu — (Now NOW Xo : Xn 1 AvtitectreN; Gi Characteristics ‘* The NSA Networking based on EPC feature takes full advantage of wide LTE coverage and sufficient NR spectrum resources and allows operators to quickly deploy NR networks on the existing LTE networks, «This feature allows fast deployment of commercial NR networks and protects operator investment in LTE networks. * This feature improves service continuity and avoids frequent UE handovers and service interruptions caused by UE mobility in NR networks. Networking Fast deployment Protection of investment Improvement of of NE networks in legacy networks service continuity Concepts In EPC-based NSA networking, if a UE supports LTE and NR NSA dual connectivity (DC), it can connect to both an LTE eNodeB and an NR gNode®,, and use radio resources provided by these base stations for data transmission. Data can be transmitted through the two base stations. ‘Supported Network Architectures : 5 Option 3 Architecture Option 3 Option 3x The eNode® is the data split anchor. Either only the eNodeB transmits the user- plane data, or the eNodeB distributes some Of the user-plane data to the gNodeB. If the user-plane data is carried only on the eNodeB, the bearer is referred to as a master cell group (MCG) bearer. If the user- plane data is carried on both the eNodeB and the gNodeB, the bearer is referred to as an MCG split bearer. Option 3x Architecture The gNode® is the data split anchor. The gNodeB can distribute some of the Control-plane data —— User-plane data user-plane data to the eNodeB, and the bearer is referred to as a secondary cell group (SCG) split bearer. Supported Bearer Types MCG Split Bearer SCG Split Bearer S1-U St-U MeNB (LTE) SoNB (NR) MeNB (LTE) ‘Achitecture 12Key Technologies Carrier Management Carrier management involves master cell group (MCG) carrier management and secondary cell group (SCG) carrier management, The MCG of an NSA DC UE is the LTE cell group configured on the LTE side. The SCG of an NSADC UE js the NR cell group configured on the NR side. Intra-RAT CA specifications: (©) Core) DL: LTE supports 5CC, and NR supports 2CC. (Only intra-band CA is supported on the NR side.) UL: LTE supports 1CC, and NR supports 2CC. eNodeB (MeNB) et (Oniy intra-band CA is supported on the CC5(LTE) NR side.) ~L 0 Uplink and downlink band combinations supported by NR TDD: «)) MO UL: 26500 MHz to 29500 MHz DL: 26500 MHz to 29500 MHz UL: 2496 MHz to 2690 MHz gNodeB (SgNB) DL: 2496 MHz to 2690 MHz MCG carrier management: refers to LTE carrier management. It involves PCC anchoring and SCC management. ‘* PCC anchoring is controlled by the NSA DC PCC anchoring policy switch. ‘* SCC management is the same as the SCC selection policy in LTE carrier management. For details, ‘see Carrier Aggregation for LTE. ‘SCG carrier management: refers to NR carrier management. It involves PSCell configuration, Measurement-based PSCell configuration and blind PSCell configuration are supported Mobility Management in NSA DG Initial = SgNB SgNB MeNB SgNB RRC connection access addition change handover release release ‘SgNB addition ‘SgNB addition triggered by the MeNB ‘SgNB modification triggered by the SgNB/MeNB, and SgNB change SgNB changemodifcation TOT TT the SNE Intra-MeNB change without SgNB change triggered by the MeNB, MeNB handover and inter-MeNB change without SaNB change triggered by the MeNB SgNB release ‘SgNB release triggered by the MeNB/SgNB 13 /ArchitectureData Split in NSA DC Data Split Configuration ‘Select the bearer types based on service QCIs, and then set the uplink and downlink data split policies. Bearer Type Selection ' Data Split Policy Selection veo Ea] ' Beeston ot] fice sot © serine [>HCS tansmison ‘ \Guotbeser [foo >| Option 3 * aa [types SCG split t [SCG transmission Saf onion = LTE-NR dynamic | | data spl Data Split Scenario Examples * Control-plane data is carried on the LTE Uplink data is transmitted on the LTE side, and side to ensure mobility. downlink data is transmitted on the NR side. * User-plane data is carried on the NR side to achieve —— throughput and large capacity @ . O @ N A. A gNodeB i UE LTE ensures mobility and no interruption during ad a Saat handovers. NR offers large bandwidth and ULIDL separation addresses uplink NR capacity and high data rates. coverage insufficiency at NR cell edges. Uplink Power Control in NSA DC In NSA DC, the initial power control mode is used for UEs that initially access the network. When the triggering conditions for TDM power control are met, TDM power control is triggered in the uplink to improve the uplink coverage. 2) J CG gNodeB | TNR edge | Initial power TDM power control control Architecture | 14Interference Avoidance in NSA DC ‘The base station side adopts time division scheduling in the time and frequency domains to execute interference avoidance policies. The interference avoidance policies are classified into secondary intermodulation interference avoidance and secondary harmonic interference avoidance. Take the secondary intermodulation interference avoidance as an example: TDM is used on the LTE side to avoid colliding with NR control and data channels. The following figure shows the LTE FDD+NR TDD combination scenario. Assume that the uplink-downlink subframe configuration of NR TDD is DDDSU and the scheduling unit is 0.5 ms. When an LTE U subframe collides with an NR U subframe, LTE signals are not transmitted in this subframe. ‘Scheduling unit Subframe number 347 5 LTE 1.8 GHz UL, 4 ms. NR 3.5 GHz UL 05ms___|D[D|D] S|U}O]0]0| s[ujo[D]o/s jujo|o/o} s Networking Scenarios NSA DC supports the following networking scenarios and interconnection modes * In co-site scenarios, the LTE and NR base stations in NSA networking support Cl interconnection, intra-BBU backplane interconnection, and IP transmission interconnection. * In non-co-site scenarios, LTE- and NR-only base stations in NSA networking support only IP transmission interconnection. Co-Site Scenarios Separate-MPT LTE-NR separate-BBU separate-MPT LTE-NR co-BBU separate-MPT LTE BBU39X0&BBU5900 NR BBUS5900 BBU5900 UMPT(L) [UMPT(NR) UMPT(L) | [UMPT(NR)| cl Cl] | x2 control-piane data between LTE and NR is transmitted through IP transmission interconnection, and X2 user-plane data ‘Switch Switch is transmitted through Cl interconnection or IP transmission interconnection Co-MPT LTE-NR co-BBU co-MPT BBUS5900 [UMPT(LANR) Non-Co-Site Scenarios IP transmission interconnection between LTE- and NR-only base stations LTE BBU39X0&BBU5900 NR 88U5900 UMPT(L) [UMPT(NR) Switch 151 AvhitectareLTE Cloud BB+NR BBU ‘The newly deployed NR base station uses a BBUS900, and the legacy LTE base station uses Cloud BB. In this scenario, only IP transmission interconnection is supported. ‘Switch ClTES Cees ‘USU3910 BBU39X0 BBUS900 Cloud BB ployment Process NR BBU5900 Pee aa Ua} Deena) ‘Qualified main control boards, The LTE and NR frequency baseband processing units, ‘band combinations support RF modules, core network this feature. ‘equipment, and NSA-capable «The LTE and NR cells meet UES. the bandwidth requirements, ofthis feature. Activation Configuration ‘© Tur on the NSA DC switches on the LTE and NR sides. ‘Set parameters: neighboring NR frequencies, external NR cells, neighboring NR cells, PCC and SCG frequencies, data split policies, ‘and other related parameters. Deactivation Configuration Tum off the NSA DC switches on the LTE and NR sides. De eu) “The license control items for EN-DC Performance Enhancement and EN-DC ‘Optimal Carrier Selection are obtained. Peeeeuaa) ‘The X2 self-setup function Is enabled and the X2 interface can be set up successfully Glossary EPC Evolved Packet Core MCG Master Cell Group MeNB Master eNode NSA Non-Standalone PCC Primary Component Carrier SCG Secondary Cell Group Cell Primary Cel ‘SQNB Secondary gNodeB PSCell Primary Secondary Cell SCC Secondary Component Carrer WEP documentation Dept, wn wa Copyright © Huawel Teceloglos Co, Lid. 2019. Al rights osorved suawel Architecture / 16SA Networking and Signaling This technical poster provides only a general overview and does not constitute any offers or commitments. For detalled Information, see the product or feature documentation delivered withthe software 5G Networking Overview There are two types of SG networking schemes: NSA and SA. In NSA networking, Huawei products ‘support Option 3 and Option 3x. In SA networking, Huawei products support Option 2. This document focuses on SA networking Control plane anchor —_& Data split anchor NSA Networking Options Option 3 se Option 3x se Option 3a ( EPC EPC EPC* X26 x26 Option 7x Option 7a 5GC Option 4a SGC NG-U Nec! Nou IT ArchitectureSA Networking Characteristics ‘Ais standalone NR networking. The gNodeB and SGC are directly connected through the NG interface. The control plane and user plane services operate independently. SA can eliminate the anchor dependency on LTE and achieve standalone deployment. It is the target architecture of 5G network development. TT a a I Cae SA, the target network SA terminals do not involve Based on 5GC, SA can better architecture, requires smaller the dual connectivity (DC) _—_support key technologies such network reconstruction than technology. The terminals as network slicing and edge NSA. NSA needs to evolve are relatively simple, computing. to SA, requiring frequent featuring lev costs changes, Architecture ‘SA networking uses Option 2. It is an end-to-end 5G network architecture, which adopts 5G standards through the whole process covering the terminals, NR air interface, and core network to support 5G interfaces and provide 5G services. Connects the gNodeB and AMF for the implementation of NG control plane functions, NG-U Connects the gNodeB and UPF for the implementation of NG user plane functions. : Xn-C Connects the gNodeBs for the (-)) implementation of Xn control plane «) functions. implementation of Xn user pla oteats a ates ee Us Connects the gNodeB and UE for = the implementation of NR air interface functions. Evolution ‘Smooth evolution path from NSA networking to SA networking. Initial and quick SAINSA coexistence SAas final NSA deployment after SGC deployment 5G solution (sec 5GC_ | NSA =» 8G control plane interface 4G control plane interface — 5G user plane interface. © — 4G user plane interface Architecture | 18Basic Signaling Procedures UE gNodeB 5GC_| Signaling procedures for the UE to access the network to obtain basic [System information broadcast service: 1. System information broadcast ‘The gNodeB broadcasts the system Paging information to all UEs in a cell 2. Paging Random access When detecting that downlink data needs to reach a UE in RRC_IDLE mode,the SGC. Signaling connection establishment RRC connection establishment triggers paging for the UE, 3. Random access (RA) When the UE receives a paging message as a called party, or needs to establish a connection with the network as a calling party, NG-C signaling connection || the UE sends an RA request to the gNodeB. 4. Signaling connection establishment The signaling connection between the UE PDU session establishment and 5GC is established, which involves the RRC connection and dedicated NG-C connection, 5. PDU session establishment The 5GC triggers the gNodeB to establish a PDU session. System Information Broadcast ‘System information carries the key parameters and configuration information of a cell. The gNodeB broadcasts the system information to all UEs in the cell. AUE reads the system information when it starts and camps on a cell, reselects a cell, hands over toa cell, enters NG-RAN from another RAT system, or returns from a non-coverage area to a coverage area. MIB includes parameters 0 ®@ used by the UE to MIB ‘MIB: provides the SFN and acquire SIB1. information used by the UE to : acquire SIB1 SIB1: provides basic information SSIBI carries parameters 161 required when the UE initially which indicate to the UE accesses the network, including ‘whether other SIBs are the initial SSB-related information, ees intial bandwith par (BWP) (currently supported) or , information, and downlink channel ‘only provided on-demand St (encapsulating other SIBs)_| configuration, and SI scheduling (supported later). \*—~Cerodic broadcasy information, (periodic broadcast) Other SIBs: include SIB2 to SIB9 (currently supporting SIB2, SIB3, SI subscription request ane Sb) and provide moby | ETWS, and CMAS information (On-demand subscription) SI (encapsulating other SIBs) | SIBs with the same scheduling period can be encapsulated in |_the same SI After reading SI messages proactively, the UE does not read the messages repeatedly. Only after receiving the SI update indication in a BCCH modification period, the UE receives updated SI messages in the next BCCH modification period. 10 Avtitectare i Change notification Pal Updated information Cao} ] __BCCH modification period (n) In this figure, different colors indicate different SI messages. 1__BCCH modification period (n+1)Paging When detecting that downlink data needs to reach a UE in RRC_IDLE mode, the SGC triggers paging for the UE. The final paging message is delivered by the gNodeB to the UE over the air interface. 1 9 & Paging Calculating PF&PO Paging Each UE receives a paging message only at a fixed time-domain position (determined by the PF and PO) over the air interface. T: paging cycle T T T PF: a radio frame. It indicates the paging start frame and contains multiple complete POs. PO: a set of PDCCH monitoring ‘occasions. It consists of multiple slots, The length of one PO is equal to one beam sweeping period (corresponding to multiple SSB beams and supporting sgB ‘SSB ‘SSB the sweeping of all the cell coverage | ranges), andthe paging messages | a 4 sent on each SSB beam are the same. RA When a UE receives a paging message as a called party, or needs to establish a connection with the network as a calling party, the UE performs RA. During RA, the UE sends an RA request to the gNodeB, and the gNodeB responds to the request, allocating dedicated resources to the UE for proper service transmission. Depending on whether contention is applied, RA can either be contention-1 contention-free. * Contention-based random access (CBRA) 0 sed or AE randomly Random Access selects an RA Preamble (Msg1) preamble tobe sent |-————> fo the gNodeB, and the preambles Random Access solected by diferent |_ _ Response (Msg2) UEsmaycontict = [* | Giirisch singe Scheduled Transmission MI ‘tor the UE sends (eas) ‘Msg3, @ contention resolution timer Contention Resolution (CR timer) stars, (Msg4) The gNodeB uses a contention resolution mechanism to handle access requests of different UEs. Aechtecture 20‘* Contention-free random access (CFRA) 0 @ RA Preamble Assignment ‘The gNodeB allocates dedicated access preambles Random Access Preamble (Msg1) to UEs, and therefore preamble Random Access Response (Msg2) Seats ees ‘Scheduled Transmission (Msg3) Different RA types triggered in different scenarios Oreo) Pe eld ald ad lal RRC When 8 UE scarged rom RRC.IOLE mode io RRC.CONNECTED move, cana Oe OP ee es aae ens Pees RC cremecion | Ar dlecngw radon Tien, 8 UE hii RA eooabbian RRC | gpa, one oe Hondove Dupe siaaiove Ucvuer CANS mip ow crn mark dum | Wien nid ied ani doit dala wa UE tata RE Down CONNEe ED mods butbecomes tink ceteteycwentaion he GNodes — CBRA Cae UEC nar Up ta hen a UE tis in RRC_CONNECTED mode but becomes ulnkutec capa ee ee er ere Signaling Connection Establishment Signaling connection establishment between the UE and 5GC follows upon RA completion. This procedure involves the RRC connection and dedicated NG-C connection. RRC connection setup Dedicated NG-C connection setup 0 @ Oo. @ & RRCSetupRequest ' RRCSetupComplete Goreecnds | >| InitialUeMessage to Msg3 in : & | [ NAS message transport Econ) | |_CIDENTVAUTHINAS SMCIREGISTRATIONV... ) setup |] ecuntyModeCommand]atitalContextSetupReq cs J ‘Admission and |: ‘SecurityModeComplete SRB1 resource): [————_>| allocation | | — | UECapablityEnquiry ' _ | [UECapabittyinformation) YEcapabilityinfoind : RRCSetup ii 4 = ‘oaei ft] |_| | RRCRecontiguration SAAS: : RRCSetupComplete | | | [RRCReconfguratonComplet Setup = initiaIContextSetupRsp | [ rttalontentSetuprtep,| ‘SRB1 carries RRC signaling after the RRC__! This procedure triggers the SRB2 and ORB setup only when the Connection setup success, and NAS signaling {InitalContextSetuprteq message contains the PDU Session Resource before SRB2 setup. !Setup Request List IE. SRE carries NAS signaling, It has a lower ‘porty than SRB1, and can be set up only alter security mode activation. ORB carries user plane data 21 / ArchitecturePDU Session Establishment If the UE requests a service after signaling connection completion, the SGC instructs the gNodeB to set up a PDU session, O ® & PDUSessionSetupReq DRBicaris | wae [-RRORScontiquration user plane data.’ Setup | RRCReconfigurationCmp L BRE Reeniowrationcm | PDUSessionSetupRsp porwr? Multiple PDU sessions can be set up for a UE, and each PDU session can include multiple QoS flows. ‘APDU session consists of one NG-U tunnel and several DRBs. The gNodeB needs to map QoS flows to DRBs. QoS flows can have a many-to-one or one-to-one mapping relationship with DRBs. NG-RAN 860 gNodeB PDU Session DRB NG-U Tunnel QoS Flow uu NG-U Glossary 56¢ 5G Core Network NSANon-Standalone AMF Access and Mobily Management Function BWP BandWidth Pert BRA Contention Based Random Access CFRA Contention free Random Accoss ‘CMAS Commercial Mobile Alert System DRE Data Radio Bearer LTE enterprise Long Term Evolution EPG Evolved Packet Core ETWS Earthquake and Tsunami Warning System ETE Long Term Evolution [MIB Master Information Block NG-RAN NG Radio Access Network NR New Rado Se Copyright © Huawel Technologies Co, Lid. 2019. All ighs reserved. PDU Packet Data Unit PE Pacing Frame PO Paging Occasion QoS Quality of Service RA Random Access RRC Radio Resource Control SA Standalone 'S1System Information 'SIB System Information Block ‘SRB Signaling Radio Bearer ‘$88 Synchronization Signal and PECH block UUPF User Plane Function HUAWEI Architecture | 22‘This technical poster provides only a general overview and does not constitute any offers or commitments, For detailed information, see the product or feature documentation delivered with the software EFCC [geared 5G faces performance challenges in terms of peak throughput and system capacity. It adopts larger bandwidths (100 MHz or more) or higher frequency bands (such as a 3.5 GHz band, a typical band for 56). The Friis transmission equation states that the higher the frequency band, the larger the propagation loss. Power cannot be Increased infinitely, the dstance between base stations and @ 9 UEs cannot be easily shortened, and there are limited low band resources, How can we optimize 56 networks efficiently? According to the equation, only two options are left What measures can we take? > Gee value of MIMO ee Cee Using multiple receive (RX) and transmit (TX) antennas can result in higher antenna gains and significantly increase peak throughput and system capacity 23 Foatureion ‘Multipie-input multiple-output (MIMO) uses multiple-antenna technologies for transmission and reception. MIMO boosts array, diversity, beamforming, and spatial multiplexing gains, and improves. system performance and spectral efficiency. 1. Using massive- See ena) “FF Sane ose by Signal from ‘Signal from ‘multiple antennas antenna 1 + + antenna Higher SINR white wie WD ito noise noise noise er oven eee ewe coverage Signal recoved sonal tom _Y mutitoatenr | Signal from Yantennat + - Y antennan == No deep tading Improving oe ie directional beams Expanding] ‘spectral Pe ee eae 7 Ew ig | nu COS OOS x peak Ton en cue {throughput eeu asa Time Time i Feature /24Technical Principles Massive-Scale Antenna Arrays Massive-scale antenna arrays used on the base station side include hundreds of antenna elements. These elements form hundreds of independent channels for sending bit streams at the same time. ‘The RX end performs many channel estimation operations to achieve diversity and multiplexing. 272R = 4TAR 8T8R 32T32R 64T64R xx MK XXX ERX XR XR x XX XXXX XXX x XxX KXxXxxXX xx XX x KK KKK xx Kx x KK KKK xx KK LTE MIMO generally uses 1, 2, or 4 antenna. 5G MIMO generally uses 8 or 16 antenna Increasing the number of TX and RX antennas can significantly improve uplink reception and ‘combining, downlink beamforming, and uplink and downlink spatial multiplexing Bp base station uses multiple antennas to receive signals from multiple channels. It hen weights and combines these signals to increase signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and stability. A k Receive Diversity o wi _ we Signals are correlated while white he + noises are not. Consequently, , Yat dy Sitting cigat can nro ho i ~ + |~—> SNR. Gain increases with the ~ by 7 number of antennas. When the ee Wow number of antennas doubles, V. & coverage increases by 3 dB. Uplink coverage is improved by allowing the use of up to 64 antennas for reception and combining, Uplink capacity is improved by allowing the use of up to 8 layers for data transmission. 25) FeatueDownlink Beamforming 5G uses beamforming for mult-antenna transmission by default. Beamforming in 5G is similar to transmission mode 9 (TM9) in LTE and has better coverage due to the use of more antennas. Beamforming gains from antenna arrays can counteract the extra loss caused by high frequency propagation 8388 _— Beamforming generates narrower beams when antenna arrays are farther apart and composed of more antenna elements. Narrower beams result in lower interference, laying a foundation for efficient spatial multiplexing, @ @ 2-47 Beam direction becomes more flexible and vertical coverage improves as the number of TX and RX antennas increase. 64T64R creates four-layer coverage on the vertical plane. wbw i Spatial Multiplexing This technology performs space division based on antenna arrays and beamforming. It generates different beams al the same time and on the same frequency. This reduces transmission interference. | Antenna |_mapping maximum of xlayers yantenna ports © X fe ~ forms a spatial py ® channel and fare tos LO ~S Pa fo oe Example of multiuser spatial multiplexing z| Layer mapping Preceding 2 Bs 24 Data streams are mapped onto || Precoding isan adaptive mmuttiple layers for paraile! ‘mult-antenna technology. it transmission. The number of _ changes signal directions by layers is equal to the number of adaptively adjusting precoding multiplexed data streams ‘matrixes on the TX end based processed in precoding. (on channel state information. ‘Spatial multiplexing can be used for a single UE with multiple antennas to increase its throughput Spatial multiplexing can also be used for multiple UEs to increase the system throughput by treating their antennas as a whole. Feature / 26Technical Applications Beam Management In a New Radio (NR) system, massive-scale antenna arrays and beamforming create three-dimensional (3D) beam coverage for each channel. 2 EE EES Diverse scenarios can be configured to meet coverage Broadcast channel and Broadcast beam requirements such as wide coverage, building coverage, and synchronization signal beam _fevutermens Se Sufficient UEevel beams are designed and 3D beamforming is Control channel and Control beam een Supported to meat he coverage eauement fl pens in aes ee ee Beams can be dynamicaly adjusted based on factors such as UE behavior and channel status SU-MIMO Single-user MIMO (SU-MIMO) uses massive-scale antenna arrays, beamforming, and SU spatial multiplexing. It allows for mult-layer data transmissions on the same time-frequency resources for a single UE to increase the UE's peak rate in both uplink and downlink. aes oR S00 PLES RB (PUSCH RB for uplink oF PDSCH RB for downlink) MU-MIMO Multiple-user MIMO (MU-MIMO) uses massive-scale antenna arrays, beamforming, and MU spatial multiplexing. It allows for multi-layer data transmissions on the same time-frequency resources for multiple UEs to increase system capacity in both uplink and downlink. (ES | Senses PDSCH 16 PDCCH 4 PUSCH 8 27 FeatureNumber Pairing Nopaiing — NamPer (ues [ues Qjvez [ues UE 10 RB (PUSCH RB for uplink or PDSCH/PDCCH RB for downlink) Performance Comparison and Deployment Suggestions Performance Comparison Increasing the number of TX and RX antennas brings higher array, diversity, beamforming, and spatial multiplexing gains. Overall, more antennas result in better system performance (for example, cell coverage and capacity) and user experience. 8T8R 32T32R, 64TB4R a ae EZ wl i 8 ll « ») il all « )) ul A tt! afl all all A ull atl FS Deployment Suggestions ‘8TBR can be deployed in 32T32R, which has high G4TG4R has the best scenarios with low capacity performance and low TCO, performance and is therefore requirements. can promote rapid and the best choice when there large-scale deployment of are high capacity and 5G. Deployment of 32T32R coverage requirements. is recommended for urban Deployment of 64T64R is areas to provide Gbps recommended for city centers anytime and anywhere. and similar areas, Glossary CSI-RS Channel State Information Reference Signal MIMO Multiple-Input Muttple-Output MU-MIMO Muli-User MIMO NR New Radio PBCH Physical Broadcast Channel PDCCH Physical Downlink Control Channel PDSGH Physical Downlink Shared Channel PUCCH Physical Uplink Control Channel PUSCH Physical Upiink Shared Channel RB Resource Block 88 Synchronization Signal 'SU-MIMO Single-User MIMO ‘TCO Total Cost of Operation XxTxR x Transmit Antennas and x Receive Antennas WA oveinsrsion dot un (Copyright © Huswel Technologies Co, Lid 2019, Al ght reared. Huawel Feature 28Beam Management This technical poster provides only @ general overview and does not constitute any offers or commitments. For detailed Information, see the product or feature documentation delivered withthe sofware, Background The NR system supports multiple-antenna and beamforming technologies. Each type of channel can use narrow beams with higher energy density and better directivity. Benefit: Given the same transmit power, a narrow beam in an NR cell covers a longer distance than a wide beam in an LTE cell Weakness: A narrow beam’s coverage is limited. It cannot cover all UES in a cell or ensure each UE in the cell obtains maximum signal energy. Beam management is introduced to systematically design and manage beams for each type of channel, achieving optimal system performance. EER Cie oa Coe Se MCC ETC Beams for PBCH and SS Static beam feted ics tresscaet beara) UE initial access Boams for PUCCH, PDGCH, and CSI-RS. coins beata (referred to as control beams) UE data transmission ee ‘Beams for PUSCH and POSCH (referred to as traffic beams) Static Beams Static beams are beams determined by the arrangement of a cell's antenna elements. Static beams include broadcast beams and control beams. Feros aut 0 wer 29 BOO 2000 = 29) FeatureDynamic Beams Dynamic beams are beams of adaptive shape and direction depending on factors such as the UE behavior and channel status. Dynamic beams are used for the traffic channels. 1 Traffic beams Beam Usage aS Usage policy for static beams The gNodeB selects appropriate beams for broadcast channels/synchronization signals and control channels/pilot signals to transmit information. Brosdaast Dearie: [fie BNogeH uses these beams In Control beams: UEs periodically send SRSs and the poling mode. UEs measure these beams and obtain ‘gNodeB selects beams for UEs based on SRS RSRP. the best ones. OS OG OR a ; re) (9) ( Compared with wide LTE beams, broadcast beams Compared with wide LTE beams, control beams target target UEs and extend the coverage of broadcast UEs and improve the demodulation SNR of control. channels/synchronization signals, leading to improved _channels/pilat signals, which virtually expands the cell coverage. coverage, leading to higher network throughput, Usage policy for dynamic beams ‘The gNodeB determines the shape and direction of beams based on weight it calculates in real-time to improve the SNR of UEs. For details, see section "Dovmlink Beamforming” in MIMO Feature Parameter Description. Estee Ua) Both control beams and traffic beams are UE-level beams, which can cover all UES in the cell. Broadcast beams are cell-level beams, To enhance coverage of broadcast channels/synchronization signals, provide better cell coverage, and suit the UE distribution, Huawei has developed 16 coverage scenarios with broadcast beams. Coenen Nei ak) SCENARIO_1 SCENARIO_9 — (45°, 12") SCENARIO_2 (90°, 6°) SCENARIO_10 (25°, 12") SCENARIO_3 (65°, 6" SCENARIO_11 (15°, 12°) SCENARIO_4 (45°, 6") SCENARIO_12 (110°, 25") SCENARIO_5 (25°, 6”) SCENARIO_13. (65°, 25°) SCENARIO_6 (110°, 12°) SCENARIO_14 (45°, 25°) SCENARIO_7 (90°, 12°) SCENARIO_15 (25°, 25°) SCENARIO. 8 (65°, 12°) SCENARIO_16 (15°, 25°) Feature / 30The following figures show examples of typical scenarios. ‘Small-scale coverage Large-scale coverage panei for a low-rise building fora high-rise building ‘SCENARIO_1 (110°, 6*) SCENARIO_5 (25°, 6) Determining the cell coverage ce ea eer tn) igre Base station B08 7 3 g Disonce beween the Distance between the building and base station building and base station 64T AAUs; AAUS612, AAUS613, SCENARIO_1 to SCENARIO_16 and AAU5614 32T AAUs: AAU5310 and AAUS313._- SCENARIO_1, SCENARIO_6 to SCENARIO_8, and ‘SCENARIO_12 to SCENARIO_15 Glossary CSI.RS channel state information-reference signal NR New Radio PBGH physical broadcast channel PDCCH physical downlink control channel PDSCH physical downlink shared channel PUCCH physical uplink contro channel PUSCH physical uplink shared channel SNR signal-to-noise ratio 8S synchronization signal RSRP reference signal receiving power 'SRS sounding reference signal ‘888 Synchronization Signal and PBCH block WEP documentation dept, wns G2 Copyright © Huawo Technolgies Co, Lid, 2018 ll gh reserved. Huawet 31 (FeatureAutomatic Neighbour Relation (ANR) E] This technical poster provides only a general overview and does not constitute any offers or commitments, For detailed information, see the product or feature documentation delivered withthe sofware, PET cece: | In communications networks, neighboring cells are fundamental to mobile services. Neighbor relationships are constantly changing during network O&M, such as network swapping or capacity expansion, increasing the risk of incorrect and missing configuration and making them costly to manually configure. ANR automatically maintains neighbor relationships, reducing O&M costs and improving network performance. @ > © 3 High costs of » ae ‘manual configuration Reduced O&M costs Without ANR With ANR Manually maintaining neighbor relationships The gNodeB automatically maintains is inefficient and costly. neighbor relationships, improving efficiency and reducing O&M costs. e oF > Fh o ® oe fe hoo a) Neighboring cell Data planning configuration Example: Imagine a network has 1,000 sites. Each site has three cells, and each cell has over 60 neighboring cells. About 200,000 neighbor relationships are present. Without ANR: About 200,000 neighbor relationships are manually configured. With AINR: About 200,000 neighbor relationships are automatically configured. Feature 22Improved network performance Without ANR. With ANR Manual operation: Neighbor relationships are not ‘Automatic operation: Neighbor relationships promptly maintained, and missing or incorrect are maintained in real time and they remain configuration is likely to occur, hampering correct and complete, improving network network performance. performance. Service Handover drop success UE @ UE gNodeb/ ae E) — gNodesy eNodeB wi eNodeB Missing Automatic detection configuration of and addition of missing neighbor relations! neighboring cells PN Rete Te UCT Depending on whether manual intervention is required for neighboring cell configuration, uncontrolled mode and controlled mode can be used in ANR. Uncontrolled mode ‘The gNodeB automatically detects and adds missing neighboring cells. z ( ) aos Reports —_ Adds missing neighboring cel «@) neighboring cells. A whe gNodeB/ eNodeB Controlled mode ‘The gNodeB automatically detects and reports missing neighboring cells to the U2020. After receiving ‘manual confirmation from the U2020, the gNodeB adds the missing neighboring cells. ge Manual confirmation a= 02020 Renate missi Adds missing r3 (¢ ea neighboring cell neighboring cells. A cil gNodeB/ eNodeB UE 33 / FeatureKey Functions Process of automatic detection and addition of missing neighboring cells @) gNodeB/ eNodeB @ The gNodeB instructs the UE to measure neighboring cells on the specified frequency. @ The UE reports the PCI of the cell that meets the signal quality requirement (cell B) to the gNodeB. Detecting missing neighboring cells: If the gNodeB detects that cell B is not in the neighboring cell configuration of cell A, cell B is considered a missing neighboring cell of cell A. © The gNodeB sends the UE measurement configuration indicating reportCGI, instructing the UE to measure CGl-Info of the cell with the specified PCI (cell B), @ The UE obtains CGI-Info by reading the BCCH of cell B. @ The UE reports CGI-Info of cell B to the gNodeB. ‘Adding missing neighboring cells: The gNodeB adds cell B to the neighboring cell configuration of cell A based on the preceding information. Feature / 34How to detect missing neighboring cells ‘After obtaining the PCI of cell B, call A checks whether the PCI and frequency of any neighboring cell in the NRT of cell A are the same as those of cel 8. Ifthe PCI and frequency of cell B are different from those in the NRT, call B is considered a missing neighboring call. [iu issing configuration of cell B How to add missing neighboring cells ‘Scenario 1: Cell B and cell A are served by the same gNodeB. Cell B is added to the intra-RAT NRT of cell A. ue Cell 8: NrCelll scenario 2: Cell B and cell A are served by different gNodeBs. 1. The gNodeB that serves cell A checks whether cell B is in the intra-RAT NCL. If not, cell B is added to the intra-RAT NCL. 2. Cell B is added to the intra-RAT NRT of cell A. Intra-RAT NCL rests Cell B: Pt Cell B: NrCelll ;cenario 3: Cell B is served by an eNodeB. 1. The gNodeB that serves cell A checks whether cell B is in the inter-RAT NCL. If not, cell B is added. to the inter-RAT NCL. 2. Cell B is added to the inter-RAT NRT of cell A. Peas eeu © Cell B: NrCellD=1, CGI=02, e Glossary CGI cal global identiior NCL neighboring cal ist NRT neightoring relation table PCI physical cel identifier WP oxsmeriaton oop Copyright © Huawe Technologies Co, Lid, 2018. lights reserved. Huawel 36 / FeatureUL and DL Decoupling [RG Mis etal poster roves ony genera overview and does not conse any of or commitments For detaed Information, see the product or festure documentation delivered with the sofware Ize 1ce Lie | C-band satisfies the large bandwidth requirements, and is considered as a gold frequency band for 5G eMBB services. Currently, a vast majority of global operators have selected C-band spectrum as the their preferred 5G frequency band C-band has limited uplink coverage. Sepang ¥ Definition UL and DL Decoupling defines new paired spectrum for areas with limited uplink coverage, with C-band for the downlink and a sub-3 GHz band for the uplink. UL and DL Decoupling supports NSA and ‘SA networking «)).33 re) fekttiy) 78 (3.5 GHz/3.7 GHz) Band 1n80 (1.8 GHz)/n82 (800 MHz) 1n83 (700 MHz)n84 (2.1 GHz)! n86 (AWS) ‘Area with limited C-band uplink coverage 3GPP Release 15 introduces the SUL. In this feature: + The SUL carrier is on a sub-3 GHz frequency band, + The C-band carrier is referred to as the NUL carrier. ES Increased number of les ackullied to NR celts Improved NR cell throughput UL and DL Decoupling expands the uplink UL and DL Decoupling improves the uplink coverage of NR cells and allows more throughput of CEUs, improving the UEs to be admitted to NR colls. throughput of entire NR calls 8&8 Feature / 36Key Technologies SUL Random Access ‘The SUL random access in NSA networking differs from that in SA networking, In NSA networking: ‘The base station selects an uplink carrier for a UE based on the measurement results received from the UE, and instructs the UE to initiate a random access procedure on the selected uplink carrier. 0 @ @ UE eNodeB gNodeB The eNodeB sends measurement configurations. ‘The UE reports the downlink beam information of C-band and the corresponding RSRP.)) ‘The gNodeB selects an uplink carrier based (on uplink carrier selection rules and allocates a preamble sequence to the UE. K ‘The gNodeB sends the selected uplink carrier and preamble. ‘The UE initiates a random access procedure on the indicated uplink carrier. In SA networking: ‘The UE measures the downlink RSRP of C-band, compares the measured RSRP with the threshold contained in SIB, and selects an uplink carrier for random access based on the comparison results. 0 @ UE gNodeB ‘The gNodeB sends the SUL and NUL carrier information and the carrier selection threshold to the UE. ‘The UE measures the downlink RSRP of C-band, and selects an uplink carrier based on the uplink carrier selection rules. The UE initiates a random access procedure on the selected uplink carrier. Uplink Carrier Selection Rules ‘The base station/UE selects an uplink carrier based on the following rules: 37 Feature+ Ifthe RSRP of an NR call is higher than or equal to the threshold, the UE initiates ‘a random access procedure on the NUL carrier. + If the RSRP of the NR cell is lower than the threshold, the UE initiates a random access procedure on the SUL carrier. PE ae) SUL Scheduling ‘When UL and DL Decoupling is enabled, the downlink data transmission is carried on the NUL carrier, and the uplink data transmission can be carried on the SUL carrier. The subcarrier spacing of the NUL carrier is 30 kHz, and that of the SUL carrier is 15 kHz. The ratio of timeslots of the NUL carrier to timeslots of the SUL carrier is 2:1. Therefore, base stations must consider the scheduling time sequence. 2 timestots. —— NUL cartier 1) Downlink timeslot (Subcarrier spacing: 30 kHz) ‘Special timeslot SUL carrier (Subcanier spacing: 15 kHz) [0 Uplink tesiot oH 1 fimesiot NR introduces a flexible scheduling mechanism, in which k1 and k2 are used to ensure a correct scheduling time sequence between gNodeBs and UEs. k1 determines the HARQ time sequence in downlink data transmission, and k2 determines the uplink scheduling time sequence. Downlink HARQ Time Sequence N iit eb Bo ooo When UL and DL Decoupling is enabled, it the UE receives downlink data from the GiodeonineseiNower tone fonds cone UCR CS the ACK/NACK to the gNodeB via the ‘subframe over the sub-3 GHz band that corresponds to the N+k1 timeslot over C-band. NeKt oregon ete kenetas ET ickealo meas Rod aac When UL and DL Decoupling is enabled, if the UE receives DCI including uplink == - scheduling information from the gNodeB in timeslot M over C-band, it sends uplink data SUL carrier v in the timeslot over the sub-3 GHz band that HRI) corresponds to timeslot M+k2 over C-band. RC eee ede a hoencd M M. Uplink Scheduling Time Sequence NUL ~~ oe an era ea Feature / 38SUL Uplink Carrier Change ‘The criterion for reselecting the uplink carrier is as follows: + When the UE's uplink data transmission is currently carried on the NUL carer, the uplink carrier for the UE can be reselected based on either downlink coverage or user experience. + When a UE's uplink data transmission is currently carried on the SUL carrier, the uplink carrier can only be reselected based on downlink coverage. NUL carrier-to-SUL carrier switchit Based on user experience Cartier switching occurs when both of the following conditions are met: + The downlink RSRP measured by the UE is. lower than the event A2 threshold. + The user experience provided by the SUL carrier is estimated to be superior to that provided by the NUL carrier. Based on downlink coverage Carrier switching occurs when the downlink RSRP measured by the UE is lower than the event A2 threshold, Erinn Carrier switching occurs when the downlink RSRP measured by the UE is higher than the event Ai threshold Secondary Harmo: ‘Secondary harmonics are the self-interference signals generated during UEs' uplink and downlink data transmission in certain bandwidth combination scenarios. Secondary harmonic interference is generated When the following combinations of C-band and sub-3 GHz frequency bands are used: + NR n78 (NUL) + NR n80 (SUL) + NR n78 (NUL) + NR n86 (SUL) If either of these frequency band combinations is used, it is recommended that the secondary harmonic interference avoidance switch be turned on to enable the gNodeB to schedule uplink and downlink data in coordination for UEs for which UL and DL Decoupling takes effect. Interference Avoidance Secondary harmonic interference signals in Ik FA are from F2 (F1 = F2 x 2). : ‘Uplink F2any frequency ‘ 18 band (F2): nd. matiy. (| comes, (NU) UE band (FA): — The interfered The interference bandwidth is not used. free bandwidth is used. 39/ FeatureDeployment Process License UL and DL Decoupling Prerequisite functions None Software Mutually exclusive functions: + 8G: Intra-band CA + LTE: FDD+TDD Downlink Carrier Aggregation Base station models: 3900 and 5900 series base stations Boards: ‘The NR-capable main control boards and baseband processing units support this feature. The SUL cells served by a baseband processing unit must be Hardware Sonfiguted with the same number of receive antennas and the same bandwidth. The paired NR TDD cell and SUL cell must be deployed on the same baseband processing unit. RF modules: Different RF modules support different frequency bands. For details about the RF modules that support this feature, see UL and DL. Decoupling Feature Parameter Desoription. + The RF modules of the NUL carrier and SUL carrier must be deployed on the Networking same site and cover the same geographical area + The included angle between the coverage of the NUL carrier and that of the SUL carrier must not exceed 10° UE UEs must support UL and DL Decoupling. 41. Configure an NR TDD cell Feature 2. Configure an NR SUL cell. Deployment — 3. Associate the NR TDD cell with the NR SUL cell 4, Enable UL and DL Decoupling for the NR TDD cell Glossary 56 sth Generation CA carer aggregation CEU cel edge user DI downlink contol information eMBB Enhancod Mobile Broadband HARG hybrid automate repeat request NR New Ragio NUL normal uplink SRP reference signa received power SIB system information block SUL supplementary uplink TDD time division dupiex WEP cccumentation Dept, wn G2 Copyright© Huawei Teehnelooies Co, Lid. 2019, Al hts reserved Huan Feature / 40LTE FDD and NR Uplink Spectrum Sharing iE Tis tecnica postr proves only agneral venew and dows rt consiue any oer or comments, Fr detailed information, see the product or feature documentation delivered with the software Background 5G is usually deployed on the C-band frequency band in the early stage of 5G network construction. C-band's downlink coverage is better than its uplink coverage, and that affects the deployment of 5G networks. UL and DL Decoupling* can be used in areas with limited NR uplink coverage to allow downlink data to be transmitted on C-band and uplink data to be transmitted on a sub-3 GHz frequency band. If operators do not have dedicated sub-3 GHz spectrum for 5G, LTE FDD and NR Uplink Spectrum Sharing can be enabled to allow NR to share low-band spectrum with LTE. This improves NR uplink coverage. Q @NodeB Area with ull -band__ Area with imted _ SNOJEB pros with ull C-band Area with limited _| uplink coverage C-band uplink coverage uplink coverage +-band uplink coverage, Cell radius - - Cell radius ‘The use of LTE uplink low-band spectrum ‘The NR C-band has limited uplink coverage. Feniee NRW caseene * For details on UL and DL Decoupling, see UL and DL Decoupling Technical Poster. LTE FDD and NR Uplink Spectrum Sharing is a CloudAIR spectrum cloudification feature. It allows LTE to share a part of uplink low-band spectrum with NR, as LTE's uplink spectrum usage is generally low. This feature applies to 10 MHz, 15 MHz, and 20 MHz cells. “iC | aLTE LTE = NR Uplink spectrum exclusively used by LTE Uplink spectrum shared between LTE and NR 41 / FeatureKey Technologies When LTE FDD and NR Uplink Spectrum Sharing is enabled, uplink physical channel resources are dynamically coordinated and scheduled to prevent interference between LTE and NR during spectrum sharing “+ LTE and NR SR in the time domain based on the traffic volumes of LTE and NR networks. “LTE and NR PUCCH, PRACH, and PUSCH: Spectrum resources are coordinated and scheduled between LTE and NR in the frequency domain. Details are in the table below. Se Le} rT bennett Cr) NRPUCCH The number of occupied RBS is fixed. Lte pucc NRPRACH RBs are reserved for the NR PRACH LTE PRACH RBs are reserved for the LTE PRACH. LTEPUSCH Spectrum resources are dynamically shared between the LTE PUSCH and the NRPUSCH —_NR PUSCH based on LTE and NR service priorities and spectrum policies. jpectrum resources are dynamically coordinated and scheduled between LTE and NR ‘The NR PUCCH occupies symmetrical RBS at the two ends of the bandwidth, ‘The LTE PUCCH is symmetrically configured adjacent to the NR PUCCH at the two ends of the bandwidth. The number of occupied RBs is configured or dynamically adjusted. The NR PRACH is configured adjacent to the LTE PUCCH at the upper end. Fixed ‘The LTE PRACH is configured adjacent to the LTE PUCCH at the lower end. Fixed Niwot LTE PUCCH alent Rater Bera Taare eral eraaweeT IaaUecort Resource allocation of each physical channel The figure below illustrates the resource allocation of each physical channel when the number of RBs ‘occupied by the LTE PUCCH is fixedly configured. 2 2] nepuccs NRPUCCH NRPUCCH NRPUCCH 3 LTE PUCCH LTE PUCCH LTE PUCCH LTE PUCCH eS noe z ; Com. 5 Cio: 5 5 4 eae a ee — ae ne 1 12 13 14 Time Feature /42Accelerating 5G deployment and reducing 5G network construction costs w —t wt LTE bandwidth @10MHz 8 15MHz 820 MHz PN elite litelimote Ur lates LTE FDD and NR Uplink Spectrum Sharing is recommended for LTE cells with a light uplink load (uplink PRB usage < 30%). In addition, this feature only applies to the networking scenarios below. Separate-MPT scenarios LTE and NR share a BBU, and the LTE and LTE and NR share a BBU, and only the LTE baseband NR baseband processing units are connected processing unit is connected to an RRU through an to an RRU through their own optical fibers, optical fiber. RRU_LN RRULLN on UBBP_N ta aa tae yaa Intra-BBU dual-star topology Intra-BBU CPRI MUX topology 43 /Fosture‘LTE and NR are deployed in different BBUs, and the LTE and NR baseband processing units are ‘connected to an RRU through their own optical fibers. ‘The LTE and NR main control boards are connected througha Cl interconnection cable for clock mutual lock. RRU_LN Ere Ce i 6 6=—oa Ci (cock) Inter-BBU dual star topology Co-MPT scenarios ‘© LTE and NR share a BBU, and the LTE and NR. baseband processing units are connected to an. RRU through their own optical fibers, RRU_LN ay Intra-BBU load sharing topology LTE and NR are deployed in different BEUs, and the LTE and NR baseband processing units are ‘connected to an RRU through their own optical fibers. The LTE and NR main control boards are ‘connected through a Cl interconnection cable for clock mutual lock. RRU_LN rom (clock) Inter-BBU load sharing topology ‘* LTE and NR are deployed in different BBUs, and only the LTE baseband processing unit is connected to an RRU through an optical fiber. The LTE and NR baseband processing units are connecied through an HEI Interconnection cable for IQ data transmission. The LTE ‘and NR main control boards are connected through a Cl interconnection cable for clock mutual lock Ci (eock) Inter-BBU CPRI MUX topology. ‘* LTE and NR share a BBU, and only the LTE baseband, processing unit is connected to an RRU through an ‘optical fiber. RRU_LN [ Tra Cas Intra-BBU CPRI MUX topology ‘* LTE and NR are deployed in different BBUs, and only the LTE baseband processing unit is connected to an RRU through an optical fiber. The LTE and NR baseband processing unis are connecied tough an ME! interconnection cable for IQ data transmission. The LTE and NR main control boards are connected through a Cl interconnection cable for clock mutual lock. RRU_LN Ete a (cook) Inter-BBU CPRI MUX topology Feature / 44Deployment Process Hardware * Baseband processing units: UBBPd/UBBPe/UBBPg for LTE; UBBPIw1/UBBPg for NR * Main control boards: UMPTa/UMPTb/UMPTe/UMPTg for LTE; UMPTe/UMPTg for NR + RF modules: RRU3262/RRU3953/RRU3965/RRU3971, and others + TURK mode: 2T2R/2T4R/4TAR Networking * Networking: intra-BBU CPRI MUX and other topologies in separate-MPT scenarios, intra-BBU load sharing and other topologies in co-MPT scenarios * Clock synchronization mode: time synchronization Licenses + Hardware licenses: RF spectrum sharing licenses for LTE and NR + Software licenses: LTE FOD and NR Uplink Spectrum Sharing feature licenses for LTE and NR Software + Ensure that the prerequisite functions on the LTE side, such as normal CP and SRSs, have been enabled. + Ensure that the mutually exclusive functions on the LTE side, such as SFN Cell and High Speed Mobility, are disabled. * This feature has no prerequisite or mutually exclusive functions on the NR side. Parameter configuration 2= Activation Deactivation + Tum on tho LTE and NR uplink spectrum «Tum off the LTE and NR uplink sharing switches on both the LTE and spectrum sharing switches on both NR sides. the LTE and NR sides. * Configure related parameters, including Adjust related parameters, including the LTE and NR spectrum sharing cell removing spectrum sharing cells from. group, spectrum sharing mode, and the spectrum sharing group. percentage of uplink spectrum allocated toNR. Glossary NR New Radio CP cyclic prefix PUCCH physical uplink control channel UL uplink SN single frequency network PUSCH physica uplink shared channel DL downink SRS sounding reference signal PRACH ptysical random access channel WA cxrenstin oe 0 se (Copyright © Huame! Tectnologles Co, Lid 2019 Al rights reserved HUAWEI 45 / FeatureInteroperability Between E-UTRAN and NG-RAN RE) This tocheical poster provides only a goneral overview and does not constute any ofos o commitments. Fr dtad EET Ke Le) Coverage continuity is poor at the early stages of standalone (SA) 5G network deployment. Interoperability between E-UTRAN and NG-RAN offers the following benefits: Ensures user experience by utilizing contiguous LTE coverage when NR network coverage is not contiguous. ‘* Selects suitable networks based on service characteristics to balance loads between networks Benefit © Ensures user experience. Interoperability between E-UTRAN and NG-RAN. Benefit @ 2 Balances loads between networks. Feature / 46ae) From NG-RAN to E-UTRAN | From E-UTRAN to NG-RAN Idle mode ; aelserent Coll reselection Coll reselection Pe eee 1. Coverage-based redirection _ 1. Coverage-based redirection Mra ednode» 2. Coverage-based handover 2. Service-based redirection Voice service mobility management for UES Fear ey ode Woice faliback Fast return Mobility Management for UEs in Idle Mode This function enables NR-capable UEs to camp on NR networks, whenever possible. Recommended frequency priorities: NR > LTE Feeeenmben nee) Geese ites INR frequencies usually have higher priorities than When @ UE moves out of the NR coverage area, it LITE frequencies. When a UE moves from an LTE reselects to an LTE cell if the NR cell quality ‘coverage area to an NR coverage area, deteriorates and the LTE cell quality is higher than itreselects to an NR cell if the NR cell quality is a specific threshold, higher than a specific threshold. Gp Data Service Mobility from E-UTRAN to NG-RAN For a UE running data services on an LTE network, mobil from E-UTRAN to NG-RAN may occur as follows: * Coverage-based redirection: When the UE moves to the LTE cell edge, itis redirected to an NR network for a better user experience. ‘* Service-based redirection: Certain services of the UE are required to be carried on an NR network for a better user experience. @iereece ere) Gein ner neo @ The eNodeB receives a report indicating that the LTE cell qual is lower than a threshold. © The eNodeB evaluates whether to redirect the UE @ The eNodeB sends measurement configurations to1an NR network, based on the inter RAT handover in descending order of NR frequency protiles. poley for each QI of the services onthe UE. © The eNodeB receives a repot indicating thatthe @ The eNodeB instructs the UE to measure NR cell qual ofan NR eels higher than a tweshold quality and determines the target NR frequency. © The eNodeb instructs the UE to execute a @ The eNodeB instructs tho UE to execute a reirec- redirection to the target NR frequency, tion to the frequency. © The VE accesses any cell on the frequency. © The UE accesses any call on the frequency. 47) FeteData Service Mobility from NG-RAN to E-UTRAN Coverage-based data service transfer from NG-RAN to E-UTRAN occurs when UEs move to NR network edges. Its measures include handover and redirection. Handover takes priority over redirection, when they are both enabled. eee Take a handover as an example: © AUE with data services set up in an NR cell moves to the cell edge. @ The UE performs measurements and reports measure- ‘ment results. The gNodeB solects the LTE call with the ‘best quality according to the reports and notes the UE. @ The UE performs a handover to the target LTE cel, Differences between redirection and handover: ero eredeutca Ceara Ree tuna ns EPC and the NGC, but redirections d QA Voice Service Mobility Between E-UTRAN and NG-RAN Voice service mobility between E-UTRAN and NG-RAN includes: ' Voice fallback from NG-RAN to E-UTRAN: When a voice service is network, the UE falls back to an LTE cell by handover or redirection. ‘* Fast retum from E-UTRAN to NG-RAN: After a voice-fallback UE ha: UE measures NR cells and, if an NR cell meets quality requirements, iiated for a UE on an NR voice service released, the redirected to the NR cell Voice fallback from NG-RAN to E-UTRAN, Reto nuMiul Aeon oN enkau Take a handover as an example: Fast return procedu @ AUE camps on an NR network and © After a voice-fallback UE finishes its voice service setup. service, the eNodeB checks the UE capabiliy of @ The gNode8 detormines to initiate voie fallback relum to NR. based on factors such as UE capebities, core © The eNodeB instructs the UE to perform network capabilties, and LTE capabilites. measurements and determines the target NR @ The gNodes instructs the UE to measure LTE frequency based on measurement reports from cell quality and selects the best-qualty LTE cell the UE. as the target cell © The eNodeB delivers a redirection message. @ The UE falls back to the LTE cell to continue its ont voice service. i the target NR frequency information. ® The UE accesses an NR cell based on the received information. Foature / 48Basic Requirements for Feature Deployme: "Base station models: 3900 & 5900 series base stations, DBS3900 LampSite & DBS5900 oe BTS3911E, and BTS3912E oe board except LMPTe SNE any board RF modules: NIA ee, re network must comp! Sea aaeeee incl iee Core network Handovereroqare vous te NEB hefare fe be configured Bokwosn the EPC * ond Glossary E-UTRAN evolved universal terestrial radio access network NG-RAN NG Radio Access Network 5G Sth Generation SA Standalone NR New Radio Documentation Dept, WN (Copyright © Hane’ Tecinclogies Co, Lid. 2019, ight reserved. wuawel 49 /FeotureIPv6 Basic Principles is echnical postr provides only a general overview and does not canst ay afes or commitments For detaes EB nermaton, se he product or feature dacuentaton dlvered wih se stor, Background on IPv6 Introduc! FG resolve the problem of IP resource | FY As networking evolves to an internet of everything, ‘sufficiency. IPV6 will be necessary to connect the many devices on such an internet and ensure compatible networking. oS Os + "Bp dosti) For IPV6 transmission on an IP RAN, the base station, bearer network, and core network must support IPV6 or IPv4/IPv6 dual stack. (SSSI Protecois at the application layer can adap o v6, foes " Different packet formats ~~ © Difleront IP addresses (IPv6 uses 28-bit addresses.) Se Diferent protccols (v6 uses the eightor discovery (ND) protoco!) © Diflerent functions. Enos eed Gree Base station ‘Switch Router EPCISGC. Feature 50lac ileale] oy elelam ead} Networking Modes That Support IPv6 © IPv6 single stack: All interfaces use IPv6 transmission. © IPv4/IPv6 dual stack: Different interfaces can use different IP versions. An IPv4/IPv6 dual-stack network supports both IPv4 and IPv6 protocol stacks. ‘Two NEs can communicate with each other only when using the same IP version. econ on ace eteciay z eee uric tara Li pve Ive ive Pe IPvalipve Ie Pe Pv Not supported IPvsiiPve Pv Pv IPvsiiPve IPve ive Based on the setting ofthe IP version IPv4iiPve IPvaiiPve priority parameter in automatic setup scenarios | deployment scenarios for IPv4/IPVv6 dual stack : “The base station uses dual-stack On the LTE side, the S1 interface uses IPv6 transmission and the X2 ‘transmission with diferent Interface uses IPv4 transmission. interfaces using respective IP versions. The same interface on the base In NSA networking, the X2 interface between the gNodeB and eNodeB station side uses dual-stack uses IPv4 transmission and the X2 interface between gNodeBs uses ‘transmission for different peer IPv6 transmission. equipment. ‘Some base stations use IPv4__@ The core network uses IPv4/IPV6 dual-stack transmission: The St transmission and some use interfaces of some base stations use IPv4 transmission, and the $1 IPV6 transmission. The peer Interfaces of others use IPv6 transmission. equipment must use IPv4/IPv6 © The OSS uses the |Pv4/IPv6 dual-stack transmission: The O&M dual-stack transmission channel of the GIUIL base station uses IPv4 transmission, and the (O&M channel ofthe NR base station uses IPv6 transmission, f° The 1588v2 clock server uses IPv4/IPv6 dual-stack transmission: ‘The clock link of the LTE base station uses IPv4 transmission, and the clock link of the NR base station uses IPV8 transmission. 51 /FostureEi Wpicat Networking Scenario - NSA Typical Networking Scenario - SA © The S1-U interface on the NR side uses IPv6 All interfaces on the NR side use IPV6 transmission, transmission, © All interfaces on the LTE side use IPv4 transmission. © All interfaces on the LTE side use IPv4 transmis-__@ The OSS uses |Pv6/IPv4 dual-stack transmission. sion. However, the X2 interface between the eNodeB and gNode8 uses IPv4 transmission, and the EPC uses IPv4/IPv6 dual-stack transmission. @ YH Noses > @ x «) ome i Fo othe @ 2 re A — Pretanniason 2 EPC. = Pv transmission eNodeB © Its recommended that IPv4 transmission be used over — 1PV6 transmission the X2 interface to avoid affecting the eNodeB. In this = IP transmission way, you do not need to configure IPv/IPVE dual stack fon the eNodeB, Ce eA LEAR oe eS Rie oie Re oR Ly Ei Configuration MOs for IPv6 Single-Stack Trans: IPv6 single-stack transmission can use only the new configuration model. The related MOs are shown in the following figure. EEE Urge cache pies) So = cee layer Network layer | | Gr Foature 52Configuration MOs for IPv4/IPv6 Dual-Stack Transmission IPv4/IPv6 dual-stack transmission can use only the new configuration model. If the original IPv4 transmission uses the old configuration model, you need to reconstruct it to the new model and then configure the dual-stack transmission. ERT =o a —__- [EE Basic Maintenance and Test Functions of IPv6 Transmission This version supports the basic maintenance and test functions shown in the following table. LTE&NRIPV6 Transmission | Fault Detection ies Sr (teers pservation ici Transport User plane Fault detection and alarm @LTE GA/LTE-NR DG IPPM delay GTP signaling layer (GTP-U) reporting for user plar measurement tracing paths ‘© Performance measurement for -NaceBigNodee ranemiscion interfaces ‘© Performance measurement for resource ‘groups ‘@ Performance measurement forthe GTP-U layer (© Loca IP performance measurement ‘© Performance measurement for Userplane paths Cont pre Fai dtton ans Petornanca rm SP le SCTE sigalg (scTP) reporting for SCTP links tracing Maragonan pane Fautasteton and am Porras masuerentfoc08M PrP anasto ery roping fr ehterormale chr Sopamesttocrs Network ayer Conti ceecon nd arm PvSporomencemessveret ——_vSsialrg roaring oP atoms teers (Ciropes ICNP soming Ice vere Data tink ayer Fasten anlar None Mn asa rep fr ert Physical ayer Ne Permanes meaner at Noe = Glossary — EPC evolved packet core TEP Transmission Control Protocol ‘SGC 5G Core Network ND pegttrsarver SCTP Steam Con Trarsmason Proaa WP coxxmeniaion Dept wn Wa conan HeneTecndagesCa it 219 Atte ses saw 53 / Featureical poster provides only @ general overview and does not constitu any fers or commitments. For detaled This t information, see the product ar feature documentaton delivered with the software Product Appearance Case-shaped BBU ‘The BBU case is configured with various boards to implement functions such as main control, transmission, power supply, clock, baseband processing, and monitoring. a2 Product Differences Bh —— EEE ee Baseband processing boards have resticted Dimensions (H x W x D) BBU3900/8BU3910/BBU5900 arable cattamee nsec Sven tn x31 pm BTs3000 BBuse00 “GAY,HoRES in speci sos can connect! Welant ofa subrack in fll BTS30008, (eunurnn A configuration: = 1543 Baseband capacty can be continuous ‘xponded by increasing board capeciy,. Heat dissipation capability: 650 W Se UpRb . Sstelltecard—uscunzzuscuDtauScUDtT _UsCUDtalUSCUDtt Uuscubtauscubtt Fanmodule_FANFANC FANGIFANG FAN Power module UPEUa/UPEUb/UPEUc/UPEUG UPEUd UPEUe envionment yew vuew Ewe Interconnection ciuuccu ecu Inthe table, sub-board types are net distinguished in UMPT and UBBP descriptions. If they need tobe distinguished sub-board such as the UMPTe and UBBP® are used. WA oveirnsion oot wt ee ae eee ma 55 / HardwareAAU (Massive MIMO) EB This tecnical poster provides only a general overview and doesnot constitute any ers or commiments. For detales information, see the produto Teture documentation delved wih the stare OP Ny Crem Led Massive MIMO is widely regarded as a key leading-edge MIMO technology for 4G and 5G. It implements 3D beamforming and multi-layer multi-user multiplexing, significantly improving system capacity and 3D coverage. Massive MIMO can thus resolve the operators’ challenges in site acquisition, site onstruction, and deep coverage. The AAU is a main product that implements massive MIMO. It integrates the RRU an antenna for tractional MIMO to form an integrated active antenna architecture Traditional Massive Traditional MIMO WEES) MEMO; BBU + RRU + antenna BBU + AAU Feeder loss With Without Allies installation time + AAUS613 Works in C-band, supports NR and LTE concurrency, and features large bandwidth and high power. 3500/3700 MHz ogy NR TDD, LTE TDD, and TN TDD ae = ' 10/25 Gbitis 4 fa 4 a alt (EE 225 2 x 395 mm x220 mm Hardware 56+ AAUS614 ‘Supports NR and LTE concurrency and features high power. Eo} 2600 MHz * " a NR TDD, LTE TDD, and TN TDD Nie Tee 64Te4R oma 240 W Ca eocc eCPRI 1 anc 10/25 Gbit/s | Weight 40kg Dimensions 965 mm x 470 mm x 195 mm * AAU5S313. ‘Works in C-band and features small size and light weight. 3500/9700 MHz me zu wn {699 mm x 395 mm x 220 ram * AAU5S310 Features small size and light weight. “Sat 3700 MHz smn vow = 10/25 Gbitis “i 699 mm x 395 mm x 178 mm 57 Hardware* AAUS711a ‘Amain product for LTE FDD, features high power and wide coverage. ESTE “< LTE Foo 32732R ow 10125 Gbivs e | 53k 52k 41000 mm x 640 mm 1000 mm x 620m | Dimensions | x 175 mm x 175mm * AAUS271 ‘Supports full 2.3/2.6 GHz band for LTE TDD, and features large capacity and high power. 2600/2300 MHz LTE ToD con ae 40/100 Gbivs 37 kg 47 kg eee 860 mm x 520 mm x 130 mm x170 mm * AAUS281 ‘Supports 3.5 GHz band for LTE TDD, and features large capacity. ne \re 00 re am ia | ] oa a | a 40/100 Gbitis i 4 wn £860 mm x 385 mm x 170 mm Horcware 68AAU Hardware Structure a, =) [Low-power RF sonal PA][Fiter] x Uses massive-scale antenna cer Low-power RF signall| PA J[ Filter] | AU arrays to transmit and receive tet || [loverover RF sonal] PA ‘xl radio waves. ; ital ‘Low power RF signall| PA || Filter] |x| Processes uplink and downlink F RU RF signals and RF channel Jang | Low-power RE signal PA || Fiter] |>< phase correction. Low-power RF signall| PA [Filter] ><| ‘ow-power RF signal] PA ][Fiter] Power — Supplies operating voltage to xX! module the AU and RU. UT Flexible Installation With optimal engineering specifications, an AAU can reuse site resources and be installed on a pole, on a rooftop, or on a wall, 8T8R (antenna + RRU + feeder + optical Massive MIMO (AAU + optical fiber + fiber + power cable) power cable) A: AAU B: Power cable C: Optical fiber Fewer operations: ‘Operations for installing antennas, jumpers, and feeders in traditional sites are no longer ired when installing massive MIMO sites, including hoisting antennas and feeders, 1g labels and color-coding labels, routing feeders, and waterproof and insulation treatment. Shorter labor hour For an 8T8R site: 6 hours and 25 minutes with 4 persons For a massive MIMO site: 4 hours and 40 minutes with 4 persons ‘Components to install for an 8T8R site: BBU3910 + 3 RRUs + 3 antennas Components to install for a massive MIMO site: BBU3910 + 3 AAUs 50/ HordwareHigh Integration An 8T8R site RET antenna Sy, ATD4516ROVOt RRU3279 Antenna Wind ee, Wind F resistance resistance (680N 230N —= rer Pa wee is wan = rau | | mie t8kg 47 kg & weine Sum ED BBU 52k Wt 69L A massive MIMO site ry | ‘AAUS271 aun 850 mm x 520 mm x 130 mm Using innovative weight-reducing and dimension-reducing solutions Horaware / 60Flexible Coverage Massive MIMO AAUs support the RET function, which adjusts the tit of antenna beams by modifying phase weights of RF channels. Using a 64T64R AAU as an example, each antenna array corresponds to four independent RF channels. The antenna beam tit can be adjusted by changing the phase weights K1, K2, K3, and K4 of the four RF channels. Ki |] Pa | x xX XX | —sH 4 —eH 4 x Coverage of a massive MIMO site vs. an 8TBR site Massive MIMO Ee fear ‘Small vertical coverage angle Larger vertical coverage angle Glossary AAU active antenna unit [LTE Long Term Evolution NR New Radio EPRI common pubic radio interface MIMO Multple-Input Multple-Output__RRU remote radio unit @CPRI enhanced common pubiic radio interface VY ee ry Copyright © Huawo Technologies Co,Ltd 2019 Al ght served. suawel 61 / Hardwore