1 – The pedigree shows the incidence of a genetic anomaly in a family group.

The individual represented by the number 10, concerned about transmitting

the allele for the genetic abnormality to his children, calculates that the
probability that he will be a carrier of this allele is:
a) 0%
b) 25%
c) 50%
d) 67%
e) 75%

2 – In one experiment, a set of plants was prepared by cloning technique

from an original plant that had green leaves. This set was divided into two
groups, which were treated identically, with the exception of lighting
conditions, with one group exposed to cycles of natural sunlight and the
other kept in the dark. After a few days, it was observed that the group
exposed to light had green leaves like the original plant and the group grown
in the dark had yellowish leaves.
At the end of the experiment, the two groups of plants presented:
a) identical genotypes and phenotypes.
b) identical genotypes and different phenotypes.
c) differences in genotypes and phenotypes.
d) the same phenotype and only two different genotypes.
e) the same phenotype and wide variety of genotypes.

3 – Some breeds of domestic dogs are unable to copulate with each other due
to the large difference in their body sizes. Even so, such reproductive
difficulty does not cause the formation of new species (speciation).
This speciation does not occur due to the
a) genetic oscillation of races.
b) adaptive convergence of races.
c) geographic isolation between races.
d) natural selection that occurs between races.
e) maintenance of gene flow between races.
4 – Brazil has a large number of distinct species of animals, plants and
microorganisms involved in immense complexity and distributed in a wide
variety of ecosystems.
SANDES, A. R. R. BLASI, G. Biodiversity and chemical and genetic diversity.
Available at: http://novastecnologias.com.br.Accessed on September 22,
2015 (adapted).
The increase in variability occurs due to genetic exchange, which promotes
the exchange of segments between non-sister chromatids in meiosis.
This exchange of segments is decisive in the
a) production of more fertile individuals.
b) transmission of new acquired characteristics.
c) genetic recombination in the formation of gametes.
d) occurrence of somatic mutations in the descendants.
e) variation in the number of chromosomes characteristic of the species.