U S S R S T A T E S T A N D A R D

BOLTS, STUDS, NUTS AND WASHERS

FOR FLANGED CONNECTIONS
FOR NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS
TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS.
ACCEPTANCE. TEST METHODS.

MARKING, PACKING, TRANSPORTATION AND STORAGE

GOST 23304-78

USSR STATE COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDS

Moscow

U S S R S T A T E S T A N D A R D
BOLTS, STUDS, NUTS AND WASHERS FOR FLANGED
CONNECTIONS FOR NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS.
Technical Requirements. Acceptance. Test Methods. GOST
Marking, Packing, Transportation and Storage 23304-78

Period of validity from 01.01.80

till 01.01.95
Failure to comply with this Standard will result in legal proceedings
This Standard applies to bolts, studs, nuts and flat packing, convex and concave spherical
washers (hereinafter referred to as fasteners) for flanged connections of reactors, steam
generators, vessels, housings of pumps, valves, pipelines and connection parts operating at the
temperature of 0 to 350°С, for equipment of the first and the second circuits of nuclear power
plants, development and investigation nuclear reactors and plants with water-cooled and
graphite-water (uranium-graphite) reactors.
The Standard does not apply to fasteners of flanged connections of structural members
containing fissile materials or materials of absorbents and retardants; devices located inside
housings of equipment, housings of turbines; equipment and pipelines made from non-metallic
materials; to connection parts of process channels of reactors with a sealing of “ball on cone”
type.
(Revised edition, Rev. No. 1).
1. TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS
1.1. Fasteners shall be made from steel of the following grades:
35, 45 – as per GOST 1050;
 30Х, 40Х, 45Х, 30ХМА, 35ХМ, 38ХНЗМФА – as per GOST 4543;
25Х1МФ (ЭИ10), 20Х1М1Ф1БР (ЭП44) – as per GOST 20072;
20X13, 20Х12ВНМФ (ЭП428) – as per GOST 18968;
07Х16Н4Б, 06Х13Н7Д2 (ЭП898) – as per the approved technical documentation according
to the established procedure with chemical composition as per Mandatory Appendix 1;
10Х11Н20Т3Р (ЭИ696), 31Х19Н9МВБТ (ЭИ572), 08Х18Н10Т, 12Х18Н10Т – as per
GOST 5949;
ХН35ВТ (ЭИ612) – as per the approved technical documentation according to the established
procedure with chemical composition as per GOST 5632.
Notes:
1. (Excluded, Rev. No. 2).
2. It is allowed to make fasteners from steel of other grades in compliance with rules for arrangement and safe
operation of equipment of nuclear power plants, development and investigation nuclear reactors and installations,
which are approved by the USSR State Committee for Supervision of Safe Works in Nuclear Power Engineering
(Gosatomenergonadzor), provided that they comply with the requirements hereof, with mechanical properties agreed
upon with holding metals company.
3. Steel grade 38ХН3МФА allows for alloying with titanium of up to 0.08%, boron of up to 0.005% and yttrium
of up to 0.006%.
1.2. Fasteners from alloyed steels shall be made from the material that passed 100% visual,
ultrasonic (UT), positive material identification.
N o t e . The manufacturer of fasteners can determine the need for and volume of incoming inspection as per UT
of material of fasteners provided that 100% UT of finished parts or workpieces for all quality groups of fasteners is
performed.
1.1, 1.2. (Revised edition, Rev. No. 1, 2).
1.3. Depending on degree of responsibility and operating conditions of fasteners, there are
seven (7) quality groups for bolts, studs and nuts: 0; 0а; 1; 2; 2а; 3 and 3а, and 4 groups for
washers: 2; 2а; 3; 3а.
Quality group is determined by a designer and shall be specified in the part detail drawing.
Fasteners of quality groups 3 and 3а are not used for connection of parts of the first circuit,
which are specified in the Rules for Arrangement and Safe Operation of Equipment of Nuclear
Power Plants, Development and Investigation Nuclear Reactors and Installations.
(Revised edition, Rev. No. 1).
1.4. (Excluded, Rev. No. 1).
1.5. Heat treatment conditions and mechanical properties of steel on longitudinal specimens at
20°С and yield point at 350°С for fasteners of different quality groups are given in Tables 2 – 4.
Configuration of finished articles at operation as per grades and strength categories – in
compliance with Recommended Appendix 2.
1.5а. At selection of a “bolt, stud – nut” set, nut hardness shall be less than hardness of the
bolt or the stud, but not less than by 12 НВ.
If one of the connection elements was subject to strengthening chemical and heat treatment or
knurling, or a protective coating was applied to one of the elements, initial hardness of nuts can
be equal to hardness of bolts and studs.
It is allowed to choose a “bolt, stud – nut” set from workpieces of the same strength category
of one or different steel grades at tightening of bolts and studs with pre-drawing. With that,
threaded pairs shall not be chosen as to hardness.
(Revised edition, Rev. No. 2).
1.6. (Excluded, Rev. No. 1).
1.7. A decarburized layer is not allowed on threaded surface of studs, nuts and smooth surface
of studs.
1.8. It is permitted to manufacture fasteners for the equipment operating at the temperature of
up to 200°С with metal coatings. Type and designation of coatings – as per GOST 1759.0.
Roughness of the surface and general requirements for the coating – as per GOST 9.301.
 For fasteners with operating metal temperature over 200°С it is necessary to apply coatings
that do not reduce strength and serviceability of a connection.
(Revised edition, Rev. No. 2).
1.8.1. External cylindrical surfaces of nuts and washers of flanged connections of reactors
shall be painted with two layers of heat-resistance enamel КО-814 with further application of
three layers of enamel КО-85 as per GOST 11066. Designation of paint-and-lacquer coatings
shall be specified in detail drawings as per GOST 9.032. Upon the manufacturer's demand, it is
allowed to use other paint-and-lacquer coatings.
(Revised edition, Rev. No. 1).
1.8.2. Protective coatings shall be homogeneous; bubbles, delamination and other defects are
not allowed.
1.9. It is allowed to subject nuts on support surface and washers on spherical surface for
flanged connections of the reactor to surface strengthening treatment with high-frequency
currents. Thickness of a surface strengthening layer shall be specified in detail drawings of the
part. Hardness of the surface after surface strengthening treatment shall be 40 ... 50 HRC.
(Revised edition, Rev. No. 1).

* Table 1. (Excluded, Rev. No. 1).

 Table 2*
Bolts, studs

Ultimate Yield point

tensile Impact strength at350°С
Heat treatment temperature, Elongation Contraction
Workpiece strength σв, KCU, J/cm2
°С Yield point ratio δs, % ratio ψ, % Indent
diameter Strength MPa (kgf.m/cm2) , MPa Hardness,
Steel grade σ0.2, MPa 2
(kgf/mm2) diameter,
(thickness), category (kgf/mm ) НВ
(kgf/mm2) mm
mm
Hardening,
Tempering,
normalization, Not less than
ageing
austenization
Н.850-890 or Up to 60 Not less 49 (5.0)
КП275 4.80 –
35 З.850-890 than 274 529 (54) 20 40 127 (13) 156 ... 207
Up to 100 (КП28) 44 (4.5) 4.20
water or oil (28)
Not less 49 (5.0)
О.600-680 4.65 –
Н.830-870 or Up to 60 than 314 568 (58) 17 38 167 (17) 167 ... 217
КП315 39 (4.0) 4.10
45 З.830-870 (32)
(КП32)
water or oil 392 – 539 4.40 –
441 (45) 15 40 245 (25) 187 ... 217
(40 – 55) 4.10
КП395 3.95 –
588 – 735 735 (75) 14 45 441 (45) 235 ... 285
30Х*, 35Х*, З.840-870 О.500-650 Up to 100 (КП40) 3.60
40Х*, 45Х* oil Oil or water КП590 490 – 685 4.30 –
59 (6.0) 197 ... 241
(КП60) (50 – 70) 3.90
588 (60) 15 40 343 (35)
КП490 490 – 637 4.30 –
197 ... 229
Up to 300 (КП50) (50 – 65) 4.00
З.870-890 637 – 813 4.00 –
30ХМА О.540-680 Up to 100 13 42 229 ... 285
water or oil КП640 (65 – 83) 3.60
784 (80) 490 (50)
(КП65) 637 – 784 4.00 –
Up to 300 12 38 49 (5.0) 229 ... 277
(65 – 80) 3.65
КП490 490 – 637 4.30 –
Up to 200 588 (60) 15 40 343 (35) 197 ... 229
З.850-380 (КП50) (50 – 65) 59 (6.0) 4.00
35ХМ О.560-650
oil or water Up to 100 КП640 637 – 784 13 42 4.00 –
784 (80) 490 (50) 229 ... 277
Up to 300 (КП65) (65 – 80) 12 38 49 (5.0) 3.65
З.930-950 КП590 588 – 784 4.10 –
25X1МФ О.620-710 Up to 100 686 (70) 16 50 59 (6.0) 441 (45) 217 ... 277
oil or water (КП60) (60 – 80) 3.65
 Ultimate Yield point
tensile Impact strength at350°С
Heat treatment temperature, Elongation Contraction
Workpiece strength σв, KCU, J/cm2
°С Yield point ratio δs, % ratio ψ, % Indent
diameter Strength MPa (kgf.m/cm2) , MPa Hardness,
Steel grade σ0.2, MPa 2
(kgf/mm2) diameter,
(thickness), category (kgf/mm ) НВ
(kgf/mm2) mm
mm
Hardening,
Tempering,
normalization, Not less than
ageing
austenization
588 – 735 4.10 –
Up to 200 217 ... 255
(60 – 75) 3.80
25X1МФ З.930-950 Up to 100 666 – 813 3.90 –
О.620-710 16 241 ... 285
(ЭИ10) oil or water КП685 (68 – 83) 3.60
784 (80) 50 59 (6.0) 519 (53)
20Х1М1Ф1БР* З.970-393 Up to 200 (КП70) 666 – 784 3.90 –
О.680-720 14 241 ... 277
(ЭП44) oil (63 – 80) 3.65
КП685 686 – 853 3.90 –
784 (80) 15 539 (55) 241 ... 311
З.850-880 (КП70) (70 – 87) 3.45
38ХН3МФА О.600-683 40
oil or water КП785 784 – 951 3.75 –
882 (90) 14 657 (65) 262 ... 331
(КП80) (80 – 97) 3.35
КП880 882 – 1078 3.65 –
Up to 200 980 (100) 11 35 735 (75) 277 ... 352
(КП90) (90 – 110) 3.25
59 (6.0)
З.1000-1050 КП540 539 – 686 4.40 –
20X13 О.660-720 686 (70) 50 392 (40) 187 ... 269
air or oil (КП55) (55 – 70) 3.70
КП590 4.00 –
588 – 735 15 441 (45) 229 ... 285
(КП60) 3.60
784 (80) 45
20Х12ВНМФ КП685 666 – 784 3.90 –
О.680-720 Up to 220 519 (53) 241 ... 285
(ЭП428) (КП70) (68 – 80) 3.60
КП735 735 – 882 3.70 –
07Х16Н4Б О.640-660 Up to 180 13 50 83 (8.5) 583 (50) 269 ... 302
(КП75) (75 – 90) 3.50
882 (90)
06Х13Н7Д2 З.1040-1060 КП805 804 – 951 at 300° 3.70 –
О.530-560 Up to 160 12 55 78 (8.0) 269 ... 302
(ЭП898) water (КЛ82) (82 – 97) 608 (62) 3.50
Not less
10Х11Н20Т3Р А.1100-1150 КП490 3.80 –
С.700-750 than 490 833 (85) 15 20 59 (6.0) 441 (45) 255 ... 321
(ЭИ696) water or air (КП50) 3.40
(50)
Not limited
Not less Not less
08X18Н10Т А.1020-1100 5.20 –
- than than 490 (50) 40 55 - 137 (14) 131 ... 197
12XI8H10T water or air 4.30
196(20) 196(20)
 Ultimate Yield point
tensile Impact strength at350°С
Heat treatment temperature, Elongation Contraction
Workpiece strength σв, KCU, J/cm2
°С Yield point ratio δs, % ratio ψ, % Indent
diameter Strength MPa (kgf.m/cm2) , MPa Hardness,
Steel grade σ0.2, MPa 2
(kgf/mm2) diameter,
(thickness), category (kgf/mm ) НВ
(kgf/mm2) mm
mm
Hardening,
Tempering,
normalization, Not less than
ageing
austenization
С.850-900,
ХН35ВТ А.1080-1100 КН395 392 – 588 Not less Not more
10 h + 700, 735 (75) 15 25 59 (6.0) 343 (35)
(ЗИ612) water (КП40) (40 – 60) than 207 than 4.2
10-50 h
* Steels of limited use.
Legend: З – hardening; А – austenization; О – tempering; С – ageing

Table 3
Nuts, flat packing washers
Ultimate Yield point at
tensile Impact strength 350°С
Heat treatment temperature, Elongation Contraction
Workpiece strength σв, KCU, J/cm2
°С Yield point ratio δs, % ratio ψ, % Indent
diameter Strength MPa (kgf.m/cm2) , MPa Hardness,
Steel grade σ0.2. MPa 2
(kgf/mm2) diameter,
(thickness), category (kgf/mm ) НВ
(kgf/mm2) mm
Hardening, mm
Tempering,
normalization, Not less than
ageing
austenization
Not more Not less
35 Н.850-890
О.630-690 Up to 100 - - - - - - - than 163 than 4.70
45 Н.830-870 or Not more Not less
 Ultimate Yield point at
tensile Impact strength 350°С
Heat treatment temperature, Elongation Contraction
Workpiece strength σв, KCU, J/cm2
°С Yield point ratio δs, % ratio ψ, % Indent
diameter Strength MPa (kgf.m/cm2) , MPa Hardness,
Steel grade σ0.2. MPa 2
(kgf/mm2) diameter,
(thickness), category (kgf/mm ) НВ
(kgf/mm2) mm
Hardening, mm
Tempering,
normalization, Not less than
ageing
austenization
З.830-870 than 187 than 4.40
water or oil
30Х*, 35Х*, З.840-870 О.500-650 КП395 392 – 539
441 (45) 245 (25) 187 ... 217 4.40 – 410
40Х*, 45Х* oil oil or water (КП40) (40 – 55)
441 – 637
З.870-890 15 40
30ХМА О.510-680 КП440 (45 – 65) 187 ... 241 4.40 – 3.90
water or oil 490 (50) 294 (30)
(КП45) 441 – 588
Up to 300
35ХМ З.860-880 oil О.560-650 (45 – 60) 187 ... 217 4.40 – 4.10
490 – 686
25X1МФ З.930-950 Up to 100 197 ... 241 4.30 – 3.90
О.620-710 (50 – 70) 16
(ЭИ10) oil or water КП490
588 (60) 50 343 (35)
(КП50) 490 – 637
20Х1М1Ф1БР* 197 ... 220 4.30 – 4.00
З.970-990 oil О.700-735 (50 – 65) 14
(ЭП44) 59 (6.0)
КП640 637 – 804
686 (70) 490 (50) 229 ... 277 4.00 – 3.65
(КП65) (65 – 82)
О.620-695 15
КП685 686 – 853
784 (80) 40 539 (55) 241 ... 311 3.90 – 3.45
З.860-880 (КП70) (70 – 87)
38ХНЗМФА
oil or water Up to 200 КП785 784 – 951
882 (90) 14 637 (65) 262 ... 331 3.75 – 3.35
(КП80) (80 – 97)
О.600-680
КП880 882 – 1078
980 (100) 11 35 735 (75) 277 ... 352 3.65 – 3.25
(КП90) (90 – 110)
КП540 539 – 686
686 (70) 15 50 392 (40) 187 ... 269 4.40 – 3.70
З.1000-1050 (КП55) (55 – 70)
20X13 О.650-720
air or oil КП590
588 – 735 784 (80) 45 441 (45) 217 ... 269 4.10 – 3.70
(КП60)
15
20Х12ВНМФ КП490 490 – 637 59 (6.0)
О.700-740 Up to 220 686 (70) 343 (45) 197 ... 229 4.30 – 4.00
(ЭП428) З.1040-1060 oil (КП50) (50 – 65) 50
07Х16Н4Б О.650-600 Up to 180 КП685 686 – 833 833 (85) 13 539 (55) 229 ... 262 4.00 – 3.75
 Ultimate Yield point at
tensile Impact strength 350°С
Heat treatment temperature, Elongation Contraction
Workpiece strength σв, KCU, J/cm2
°С Yield point ratio δs, % ratio ψ, % Indent
diameter Strength MPa (kgf.m/cm2) , MPa Hardness,
Steel grade σ0.2. MPa 2
(kgf/mm2) diameter,
(thickness), category (kgf/mm ) НВ
(kgf/mm2) mm
Hardening, mm
Tempering,
normalization, Not less than
ageing
austenization
(КП70) (70 – 85)
06Х13Н7Д2 З.1040-1060 КП805 804 – 951 at 300°
О.530-650 Up to 160 882 (90) 12 55 78 (8,0) 269 ... 302 3.70 – 3.50
(ЭП898) Water (KПI82) (82 – 97) 608 (62)
Not less
10X11Н20Т3Р З.1100-1150 КП490
С.700-750 than 490 833 (85) 15 20 441 (45) 255 ... 321 3.80 – 3.40
(ЭИ696) Water or air (КП50)
(50) 59 (6.0)
31Х19Н9МВБТ С.750-830, КП315 314 – 461 Not less Not more
А.1140-1180 588 (60) 30 40 274 (28)
(ЭИ572) 15 h (КП32) (32 – 47) than 187 than 4.10
Not limited Not less
08Х18Н10Т А.1020-1100
- - than 490 (50) 40 55 - 137 (14) 131 ... 197 5.20 – 4.30
12X18Н10Т Water or air
196(20)
С.850-900,
ХН35ВТ А.1080-1100 КП395 392 – 588 Not less Not more
10 h + 700, 736 (75) 15 25 59 (6.0) 343 (36)
(ЭИ612) Water (КП40) (40 – 60) than 207 than 4.20
10 – 50 h
* Steels of limited use
Legend: З – hardening; А – austenization; О – tempering; С – ageing
 Table 4
Convex and concave spherical washers
Ultimate
tensile Impact strength
Elongation Contraction Yield point at
Heat treatment temperature, °С Workpiece strength σв, KCU, J/cm2
Yield point ratio δ3, % ratio ψ, % 350°С Indent
diameter Strength MPa (kgf.m/cm2) Hardness,
Steel grade σ0.2, MPa 2 diameter,
(thickness), category (kgf/mm ) НВ
(kgf/mm2) mm
Hardening, mm
Tempering,
normalization, Not less than
ageing
austenization
КП490 490 – 637
588 (60) 16 343 (35) 197... 229 4.30 – 4.00
25X1МФ З.930-950 (КП50) (50 – 65)
О.620-710 50
(ЭИ10) oil or water КП640 637 – 804
686 (70) 14 490 (50) 229 ... 277 4.00 – 3.65
(КП65) (65 – 82)
КП685 686 – 853
Up to 200 784 (80) 15 40 59(6.0) 539 (55) 241 ... 311 3.90 – 3.45
(КП70) (70 – 87)
О.620-695
З.850-880 КП785 784 – 951
38ХН3МФА 882 (90) 14 637 (65) 262... 331 3.75 – 3.35
oil or water (КП80) (80 – 97)
35
КП880 882 – 1078
О.600-680 980 (100) 11 735 (75) 277 ... 352 3.65 – 3.25
(КП90) (90 – 110)
20Х12ВНМФ
As per GOST 18968
(ЭП428)
Not less
10Х11Н20Т3Р А.1100-1150 КП490
С.700-750 than 490 833 (85) 15 20 59 (6.0) 441 (15) 255 ... 321 3.80 – 3.40
(ЭИ696) water or air (КП50)
(50)
Not less
08X18H10T А.1020-1100
- Not limited - than 40 55 - 137 (14) 131 ... 197 5.20 – 4.30
12X18H10T water or air 490 (50)
196(20)
C.850-900,
ХН35ВТ А.1080-1100 КП395 392 – 588 Not less Not more
10 h + 700, 735 (75) 15 25 59 (6.0) 343 (35)
(ЭИ612) water (КП40) (40 – 60) than 207 than 4.20
10 – 50 h

Legend: З – hardening; О – tempering; С – ageing; А – austenization;

N o t e s to Table 2 – 4:
 1. For nuts from steel grade 38XM3MФA of quality groups 0 and 0a, an average arithmetic value of impact strength KC shall not be less than 59 J/cm2 (6.0 kgf m/cm2); with that,
minimum KCV value of one specimen is 41 J/cm2 (4.2 kgf m/cm2). It is allowed to reduce KCV values by 25% during the test of tangential specimens.
2. Critical brittleness temperature tк.о. on specimens of type 11 as per GOST 9454 for bolts and studs from steel grade 38ХН3МФА of quality groups 0 and 0а shall not be higher
than minus 10°С; for the rest steel grades, norm of critical brittleness temperature tк.о. is set as agreed upon with a materials organization. Critical brittleness temperature is
temperature of material transfer from brittle destruction by tear to viscous destruction by shear.
3. For fasteners from steel grades 35, 45, 30Х, 35ХМ, 25X1МФ (Э1110) with a diameter or a side of the workpiece of more than 80 mm it is allowed to reduce yield point by
2 kgf/mm2.
4. At mass fraction of titanium in steel grade XН35BT (ЭИ612) at lower limit the ageing duration is 50 – 100 h.
5. It is allowed to make nuts and flat packing washers from steel grades 35 and 45 with mechanical properties as per GOST 1050.
6. It is allowed to make spherical washers from steel grades 35 and 45 as per GOST 1050, steel grades 30Х, 40Х, 30ХМА and 35ХМ as per GOST 4543, steel grades 20X13 and
20Х12ВНМФ (ЭП428) as per GOST 18968, steel grades 08X18H10T and 12Х18Н10Т as per GOST 5949.
7. When determining mechanical properties of workpieces of nuts and washers on tangential specimens it is allowed to reduce mechanical properties relative to norms specified
in Tables 2 – 4 for σ0.2, σв, δs, KCV by 5, 5, 25, 20, 25% respectively.
8. Tempering and ageing modes are recommended and can be assigned as agreed upon with a metals organization. Hardening, normalization and austenization modes can be
specified as agreed upon with the metals organization.
9. It is allowed to use water solutions of polymer compounds as hardening media.
10. It is allowed to use steel grade ХН35ВТ (ЭИ612) without any limitation of the upper yield point value for fasteners that are not in direct contact with corrosion active
medium.
11. At tungsten mass fraction of more than 0.07% for steel grade 38ХН3МФА it is allowed to increase maximum hardening temperature of up to 910°С.
12. To threaded parts, which correspond to bolts, studs or nuts (threaded bushings, etc.), there applied are technical requirements for the above said parts.
13. For fasteners of quality groups 0, 0а and 1 it is necessary to additionally determine impact strength KCV on specimens of type 11 as per GOST 9454. Before 01.01.91 KCV
values are not obligatory reference performance.
14. Steel grades 08Х18Н10Т and 12Х18Н10Т require no impact strength tests.
 (Revised edition, Rev. No. 1, 2).
1.10. Treated surface of fasteners shall not have any cracks, tears, laps, fissures, shells and
wash-proof rust.
1.11. The following is not allowed on fasteners:
expanded and rolled blisters (hair-line cracks) on smooth surface of bolts, studs of quality
groups 0; 0а and 1;
expanded and rolled blisters on smooth surface of bolts, studs of quality groups 2; 2а; 3 and
3а, which exceed norms for steel grades 35, 45 07Х16Н4Б, XН35BT – as per GOST 20700, and
for the rest steel grades – as per GOST 4543, GOST 5949, GOST 18968 and GOST 20072;
burrs, chipped and stripped threads, dents, expanded and rolled blisters on thread of bolts,
studs and nuts.
(Revised edition, Rev. No. 1).
1.12. Deviation of the shape and location of surfaces of fasteners and defects of appearance –
as per GOST 20700.
1.12.1. Misalignment of a seat axis for an eye bolt in studs – as per GOST 4751.
1.13. Allowable curvature of bars, bolts and studs for finished sizes shall not exceed 0.1 mm
per 100 mm of the thread length with nominal diameters of up to 24 mm and 0.05 mm per
100 mm of the thread length with diameters of over 24 mm.
Allowable curvature of finished sizes for bolts and studs subject to chemical and heat
treatment shall not exceed the norms specified in detail drawings.
1.14. It is allowed to manufacture bolts, studs with a central hole as per GOST 14034.
1.15. Metric thread with a profile angle of 60° – as per GOST 24705.
Thread rolling is not allowed in case bolts, studs and nuts made from steel of austenitic class
are used, which are in direct contact to corrosion active environment, which shall be specified in
detail drawings.
Thread vee rounding-off shall be made for bolts, studs and nuts from steel grade 38ХН3МФА
and with strength category КП880 (КП90).
Thread allowances for parts subject to chemical and heat treatment shall be as per detail
drawings.
1.15.1. During manufacture of fasteners, the surfaces finally prepared for thread application
shall be subject to testing by a magnetic method or to dye penetrant inspection for absence of
cracks.
Inner surfaces of nuts are tested by means of magnetic particle or dye penetrant test methods
at a diameter of 110 mm and more.
For bolts and studs of quality groups 3 and 3а, parts with thread diameter of М24 and higher
are tested.
1.16. Ultrasonic testing (UT) is performed on workpieces that passed final heat treatment.
When repeated complete heat treatment of workpieces is being performed, repeated UT shall be
performed. UT for the parts subject to chemical and heat treatment is performed prior to
chemical and heat treatment.
When UT is being performed, defects with equivalent surface area S0 and more are recorded;
the following is not allowed:
defects with equivalent surface area of more than S1;
defects causing weakening of a signal to level of S0 and lower at testing by means of a
forward converter;
defects with equivalent surface area of S0 to S1 inclusive if they are determined as extended
ones;
non-extended defects with surface area of S0 to S1 inclusive if their number n per 100 mm of
the workpiece length exceeds the number given in Table 5;
 two and more defects with equivalent surface area S1 in a cross sectional area of the
workpiece.
Minimum allowable distance between fixed defects – 30 mm.
Values S0, S1 and n for fasteners of equipment parts of the first and the second circuits
depending on strength category (КП) are given in Table 5.

Table 5
Number of
Workpiece S1, mm2
Strength category КП S0, mm2 defects, n
diameter, mm
Not more than

10 – 36 4

Less than Over 36 – 48 7

5 20
КП685(КП70) Over 48 – 100 9

Over 100 – 200 12

10 – 36 2 3

КП685(КП70) and Over 36 – 48 3 7 4

higher Over 48 – 100 4 15

Over 100 – 200 5 20 5

1.13 – 1.15, 1.15.1, 1.16. (Revised edition, Rev. No. 1, 2).

1.17. Mating convex and concave washers shall be lapped on spherical

surfaces. Adherence surface area shall not be less than 80%. Lapped washers

shall be marked with the same serial number.

1.18. It is allowed to manufacture fasteners for equipment of the second circuit

as per GOST 20700.

1.19. The rest technical requirements – as per GOST 20700.

2. ACCEPTANCE
2.1. Acceptance rules for fasteners by appearance and dimensions – as per
GOST 17769; for parts subject to chemical and heat treatment – as per detail
drawings.
 2.2. A batch of fasteners shall consist of parts of the same standard size, which
are made of one batch of workpieces with the coating of the same type.

For parts of quality groups 0; 0а; 1; 2 and 2а the batch of workpieces shall
consist of steel of the same grade, heat and charge at heat treatment.

The batch of fasteners of quality groups 3 and 3а shall consist of steel of the
same grade, heat and charge at heat treatment or with the same heat treatment
mode (normalization and high-temperature tempering or hardening and high-
temperature tempering).

(Revised edition, Rev. No. 2).

2.3. For each quality group of fasteners the list of mandatory test
characteristics, scope and types of testing are specified in Table 5а.

Quality group of
Nomenclature of obligatory
finished parts and
reference performance
workpieces
Values of yield point σ0.2,
contraction ratio of cross-
section ψ;
Ultrasonic testing (UT);
0 100%
Critical brittleness
temperature tк0
Values of yield point σ0.2,
contraction ratio of cross-
section ψ, hardness HB;
0а
Ultrasonic testing (UT);
Critical brittleness
temperature tк0
Values of yield point σ0.2,
contraction ratio of cross-
1 section ψ, impact strength
KCV
Ultrasonic testing (UT);
Values of yield point σ0.2,
contraction ratio of cross-
2
section ψ, impact strength
KCV, hardness HB
Table 5а
Volume of
Types of inspection
inspection
Determination of
mechanical properties
Hardness test
Ultrasonic testing (UT)
Determination
(confirmation) of critical
brittleness temperature
tк0
Determination of
mechanical properties
Ultrasonic testing (UT)
2%, but not less
Determination
than 2 pcs
(confirmation) of critical
brittleness temperature
tк0
100% Hardness test
Determination of
mechanical properties
100%
Hardness test
Ultrasonic testing (UT)
2%, but not less Determination of
than 2 pcs mechanical properties
Hardness test
100%
Ultrasonic testing (UT)
 Determination of
2%, but not less
mechanical properties
2a Ultrasonic testing (UT) than 2 pcs
Ultrasonic testing (UT)
100% Hardness test
Hardness test
3 Hardness value, НВ; 100%
Ultrasonic testing (UT)
100% Hardness test
3а Ultrasonic testing (UT) 2%, but not less
Ultrasonic testing (UT)
than 2 pcs
Notes:
1. When determining mechanical properties as per groups 0а, 2 and 2а, workpieces with
extreme hardness values are chosen.

For fasteners of quality groups 0а, 2 and 2а, which are subject to chemical and heat treatment,
it is allowed to choose workpieces (samples) with hardness within steel grade for the specified
strength category.
2. For fasteners of flanged connections of quality groups 0, 0а, 1, 2 and 2а, yield point value
is accepted as additional obligatory test (acceptance) performance at 350°С if this value is
specified in detail drawings.
3. For nuts from steel grade 38ХН3МФА of quality groups 0 and 0а, impact strength KCV is
determined on specimens of type 11 as per GOST 9454 instead of determination (confirmation) of
critical brittleness temperature tк0.
4. For fasteners of quality groups 0, 0а and 1, НB hardness values are added to a finished part
certificate for further selection of a “bolt, stud-nut” pair.
5. For nuts with thread diameter of up to М24, 2% of the batch is selected for all types of
testing, but at least 2 pieces irrespective of the quality group.
6. For fasteners from steel grades 10X11H20T3P (ЭИ696) 131Х19Н9МВБТ (ЭИ572),
08X18Н10Т, 12Х18Н10Т, XH35BT (ЭИ612), determination of tк0 value is not performed.
(Revised edition, Rev. No. 2).
2.4. At unsatisfactory test results of mechanical properties as per the nomenclature of
obligatory reference performance at least of one test specimen, tests are repeated on a double
number of specimens selected from the same workpieces or parts, or from other workpieces and
parts with the same hardness. Repeated tests are performed as per indices, as per which
unsatisfactory results have been obtained. If the repeated test indices at least of one specimen
turn out to be lower than those specified in Tables 2 – 4, then, the test results are considered to be
unsatisfactory.
 At unsatisfactory test results, the batch of workpieces can be allowed for manufacture of
fasteners after repeated heat treatment and after routine tests in the scope specified in Table 5а,
or for quality groups 0а, 2, 2а, after reclassification as per hardness indices and mechanical
properties. Number of repeated heat treatments of workpieces shall not be more than two, with
that, additional tempering of workpieces is not considered as repeated heat treatment.
At unsatisfactory test results after the second repeated heat treatment, further use of
workpieces in production is not allowed.
2.5. A batch of workpieces of fasteners of quality groups 3 and 3а is again allowed to be
submitted for delivery after its reclassification as per hardness indices. Repeated heat treatment
of finished parts is not allowed.
2.4, 2.5. (Revised edition, Rev. No. 2).
2.6. Thickness of a surface-strengthened layer of nuts and washers on support surface and
hardness of the layer shall be determined on one dummy specimen of the batch of parts, which
includes maximum 100 pcs treated as per one and the same specified mode.
2.7. Testing of a decarburized layer is performed for fasteners made from low-alloy steel of
pearlite class by a method of thread knurling on calibrated workpieces. If a fastener is made by a
cutting process (with metal removal off the workpiece surface) of by chemical and heat
treatment, then, decarburized layer testing is not required.
2.1. – 2.7. (Revised edition, Rev. No. 1, 2).
2.8. Spherical washers shall be subject to 100% testing of adherence of mating surfaces.
2.9. Each finished part shall be subject to external examination, testing of thread dimensions,
overall dimensions of the part, roughness of surface and marking.
3. TEST METHODS
3.1. Rods and strips from steel grades 30Х, 40Х, 30ХМА, 35ХМ, 25Х1МФ, 36Х2Н2МФА,
38ХН3МФА, 20Х1М1Ф1БР and 20Х12ВНМФ shall be in annealed or high-tempered state.
At technical inspection, it is necessary to check dimensions, shape, quality of surface of rods
and strips, availability of marking on them, and in certificates – all necessary data confirming
steel compliance with the order.
3.2. Mechanical properties and critical brittleness temperature shall be tested on finally heat
treated workpieces.
It is permitted to assess mechanical properties on allowances of finished items or on finished
items themselves.
3.3. Selection of specimens of rolled workpieces – as per GOST 7564, for forgings – as per
GOST 8479. Number of specimens selected from each test workpiece or from allowance of the
test part shall be as follows: two – for tension at the temperature of 20 and 350°С, three – for
impact strength at the temperature of 20°С.
Selection of specimens for fasteners that passed chemical and heat treatment is performed in
compliance with the requirements given in the detail drawing.
Critical brittleness temperature for a batch of finished parts is determined (or confirmed) as
per test results of 3 impact specimens of type 11 as per GOST 9454.
(Revised edition, Rev. No. 2).
3.4. Hardness test of workpieces or finished parts is performed after final heat treatment.
 3.2 – 3.4. (Revised edition, Rev. No. 1).
3.4.1. On specimens, the length of which does not exceed 600 mm, one hardness
measurement is performed irrespective of the number of parts made from it.
For workpieces intended for production of one part with length of more than 600 mm,
hardness test is performed on both workpiece ends.
If the workpiece length is from 600 to 1,000 mm, difference in hardness values shall not
exceed 20 НВ;
at workpiece length of over 1,000 mm – 30 НB.
For workpieces with length of more than 600 mm, which are intended for production of two
and more parts, the number of hardness measurements shall be divisible by 600 throughout the
length of the workpiece (at indivisible length of the workpiece, one more measurement is
performed). Difference in hardness values between adjacent points shall not be more than
20 НB, and throughout the length – within values of the specified strength category.
3.4.2. Hardness test of finished parts is obligatory. The part drawing shall specify for a
hardness measurement platform.
It is allowed to test hardness of bolts and studs with thread diameter of M36 and less, as well
as nuts and washers of any diameter on a workpiece with an allowance for outer diameter or
diameter of a described circle of not more than 20 mm.
In this case, hardness value is added to the finished part certificate.
3.4.1; 3.4.2. (Revised edition, Rev. No. 1, 2).
3.5. (Excluded, Rev. No. 1).
3.6. Chemical composition of steel is determined as per GOST 12344 – GOST 12364,
GOST 20560, GOST 22536.0 – GOST 22536.12, GOST 22536.14 or by means of other methods
providing the required accuracy.
(Revised edition, Rev. No. 1).
3.7. Determination of hardness (Tables 2 – 4) – as per GOST 9012, a surface strengthened
layer – as per GOST 9013.
3.8. Specimen tensile tests – as per GOST 1497.
3.9. Impact tests – as per GOST 9454.
3.10. Determination of critical brittleness temperature tк0 for bolts and studs is performed by
means of two methods depending on strength category. Determination of tк0 value for nuts and
washers of all strength categories is not performed.
3.10.1. For bolts and studs of strength category of less than КП665 (КП68), material critical
brittleness temperature tк0 is determined by the impact strength value KCV, the average value of
which is accepted according to Table 6 depending on actual value of ultimate strength σ 0.2 at the
temperature of plus 20°С.
Table 6

σ0.2, MPa (kgf/mm2) KCV, J/cm2 (kgf∙m/cm2)

Up to 304 (31) 29 (3.0)
Over 304 (31) » 402 (41) 39 (4.0)
» 402 (41) » 549 (66) 49 (5.0)
» 549 (56) » 687 (70) 59 (6.0)
The temperature that is found by the above method is assumed as material critical brittleness
temperature tк0 if at the specimen test for impact bending at temperature tк0 of plus 30°С,
percentage of viscous component part is at least 50% of the whole surface of fracture and impact
strength KCV exceeds the values specified in Table 6 by more than 1.5 times.
In case these conditions are not met, temperature t1 exceeding tк0 of plus 30°С shall be
determined, at which the conditions are met. Critical brittleness temperature is determined by the
formula
tк0 = t1 – 30°С.
 3.9. – 3.10.1. (Revised edition, Rev. No. 1).
3.10.1.1. At the test temperature corresponding to critical brittleness temperature tк0 it is
allowed to have a minimum value of impact strength on individual specimens, but not less than
70% of the values specified in Table 6; at the test temperature corresponding to tк0 of plus 30°С,
– 70% of values specified in Table 6, which are increased by 1.5 times.
3.10.1.2. Percentage of a viscous component shall be determined as per GOST 4543 in
fractures of impact specimens of type 11 as per GOST 9454, which have been tested for
assessment of critical brittleness temperature. At temperature tк0 of plus 30°С, on one specimen
it is allowed to reduce viscosity of the component part below 50%. In this case, three specimens
are tested additionally, the value of the viscous component part of which shall not be less than
50%.
(Revised edition, Rev. No. 2).
3.10.2. For steel with strength category КП665 (КП68) and higher, determination
(confirmation) of critical brittleness temperature tк0 is performed as per the value of impact
strength KCV and percentage of viscous component part in the fracture of impact specimens of
type 11 as per GOST 9454.
At test temperature tк0 of plus 30°С the following conditions shall be met:
average value of impact strength KCV shall be 59 J/cm2 (6.0 kgf∙m/cm2);
percentage of a viscous component on fracture surface shall not be less than 50.
(Revised edition, Rev. No. 1).
3.10.2.1. Tests are performed on 3 specimens at the temperature of plus 20°С. In case the
average arithmetic value of impact strength KCV ≥ 59 J/cm2 (6.0 kgf∙m/cm2) and the average
arithmetic value of percentage of viscous component part in a fracture is at least 50% of the
fracture surface, then, tк0 value equal to minus 10°С shall be assumed as design value of material
critical brittleness temperature.
3.10.2.2. It is allowed to reduce KCV value on one specimen to 40 J/cm2 (4.2 kgf∙m/cm2) and
to reduce percentage of a viscous component on fracture surface of one specimen below 50, but
not less than 30 provided that the average arithmetic value KCV equal to 59 J/cm2
(6.0 kgf∙m/cm2) and percentage of the viscous component at fracture equal to 50 are maintained.
At the average arithmetic value of the percentage of the viscous component of 50 – 70 and
higher, the average arithmetic value KCV equal to 49 J/cm2 (5.0 kgf∙m/cm2) is allowed; with
that, the value equal to 41 J/cm2 (4.2 kgf∙m/cm2) is allowed on one specimen.
N o t e . If the impact strength value or percentage of the viscous component in the fracture are below standard
values on one of the three tested specimens, testing of three more specimens is allowed.
In this case, in order to assess test results, indices determined at testing of five specimens (except for the
specimen, instead of which additional t e s t s are performed) are used.
3.10.2.1, 3.10.2.2. (Introduced additionally, Rev. No. 1).
3.10.3. Other assessment methods of critical brittleness temperature are allowed, which are
assumed by the manufacturer as agreed upon with Gosatomenergonadzor of the USSR.
(Revised edition, Rev. No. 2).
3.11. Thickness of a surface-strengthened layer (i. 1.9.) shall be determined by etching of a
transverse polished specimen of the selected dummy specimen.
3.12. Depth of a decarburized layer (i. 1.7.) shall be determined as per microstructure in
compliance with GOST 1763. It is allowed to perform inspection by means of other methods
providing accuracy that is not worse than the microstructure assessment method.
3.13. Testing of washers – as per GOST 18123.
External visual examination of finished items for absence of surface defects is performed
without using any magnifying arrangements.
3.14. Testing of rolled and expanded blisters and other defects in the surface – as per
standards for materials of a certain type when it is specified in them.
 N o t e . If no requirements for testing of rolled and expanded blisters are specified in standards for materials,
testing with norms as per GOST 20700 is used.
visual

3.15. Ultrasonic testing of workpieces – as per GOST 24507.

3.14, 3.15. (Revised edition, Rev. No. 1).
3.16. Perpendicularity of end surfaces of studs and reference planes of nuts and thread axis
(i. 1.12.) is tested by means of templates or angle meters.
3.17. Adherence of mating surfaces of spherical washers (i. 1.17.) shall be tested by means of
a dye penetrant.
3.18. The rest test methods – as per GOST 1759.0, GOST 18126 and GOST 18123.
4. MARKING, PACKING, TRANSPORTATION AND STORAGE
4.1. Marking and stamping – as per GOST 20700. Additional marking as per the detail drawing
is allowed.
4.2. Requirements for packing, transportation and storage of fasteners – as per GOST 9.014
and GOST 18160 or as per the branch normative and technical documentation.
4.1, 4.2. (Revised edition, Rev. No. 1).
4.3. Uncolored surfaces of fasteners shall be subject to preservation as per GOST 9.014.
4.4. Each batch of fasteners shall be accompanied by a certificate containing the following:
Manufacturer’s name;
type and size of parts;
number of parts and weight of the batch;
steel grade;
melting method (for electroslag and vacuum arc remelting);
chemical composition;
quality group of finished items;
test results;
instructions on use of protective coatings and characteristics of the coating;
designation of this Standard;
QCD stamp.
A certificate for fasteners intended for completing of the equipment is not composed.
(Revised edition, Rev. No. 1).

APPENDIX 1
Mandatory
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF STEEL
Mass fraction of elements, %
Steel grade Sulphur Phosphorus
Carbon Silicon Manganese Chrome Nickel Niobium Copper Ferrum
Not more than
06Х13Н7Д2 Maximum Maximum Maximum 12.0 – 6.5 –
- 2.0 – 2.5 Base 0.020 0.030
(ЭП898) 0.06 0.3 0.3 13.0 7.5
0.05 – Maximum 15.0 – 3.5 – Maximum
07Х16Н4Б 0.2 – 0.5 0.2 – 0.4 Base 0.020 0.025
0.10 0.6 10.5 4.5 0.20
 APPENDIX 2
Recommended
Studs, bolts Nuts, flat packing washers Spherical washers
Strength Strength convex concave
Steel grade Steel grade Steel grade
category category Strength category
КП275
35 35 35
(КП28) As per GOST
As per GOST 1050
КП315 1050
45 45 45
(КП32)
30Х, 35Х, 40Х, КП590 30Х, 35Х КП395 30Х, 35Х
45Х (КП60) 40Х, 45Х (КП40) 40Х
As per GOST 4543
КП640 30ХМА КП440 30ХМА
30ХМА 35ХМ
(КП65) 35ХМ (КП45) 35ХМ
КП590 КП490 КП640
(КП60) 25X1МФ КП490 (КП50) (КП65)
25Х1МФ (ЭИ10)
КП665 (ЭИ10) (КП50) КП640 КП490
(КП68) 25X1МФ (КП65) (КП50)
(ЭИ10) КП490 КП640
20Х1М1Ф1БР КП665 20Х1М1Ф1БР КП490 (КП50) (КП65)
(ЭП44) (КП68) (ЭП44) (КП50) КП640 КП490
(КП65) (КП50)
КП490 КП640
КП685 25Х1МФ КП490 25X1МФ (КП50) (КП65)
38ХН3МФА
(КП70) (ЭИ10) (КП50) (ЭИ10) КП640 KП490
(КП65) (КП50)
КП785 КП640 КП640 КП785
(КП80) (КП65) (КП65) (КП80)
38ХН3МФА 38ХН3МФА 38ХН3МФА
КП880 КП685 КП685
-
(КП90) (КП70) (КП70)
20Х12ВНМФ КП665 20Х12ВНМФ КП490
(ЭП428) (КП58) (ЭП428) (КП50) 20Х12ВНМФ
As per GOST 18968
КП735 КП685 (ЭП428)
07X16Н4Б 07X16Н4Б
(КП75) (КП70)
10Х11Н20Т3Р КП490 ХНЗ5ВТ КП395
- - -
(ЭИ696) (КП50) (ЭИ612) (КП40)
31Х19Н9МВБТ КП315
КП395 (ЭИ572) (КП32)
ХН35ВТ (ЭИ612) - - -
(КП40) 08Х18Н10Т
-
12Х18Н10Т
КП590 КП540
20X13 20X13 - - -
(КП60) (КП55)
06Х13Н7Д2 КП805 КП685 20Х12ВНМФ
07X16Н4Б As per GOST 18968
(ЭП898) (КП82) (КП70) (ЭП428)

(Revised edition, Rev. No. 1, 2).

INFORMATION DATA
1. RESPONSIBLE PERSONS
V.G. Azbukin. B.А. Khripunov, N.S. Zheglinskaya
2. APPROVED AND BROUGHT INTO EFFECT by the Resolution of the USSR State
Committee for Standards dated 23.10.78 No. 2739
3. Revision date – 1994, revision interval – 5 years
4. FIRST INTRODUCTION
5. REFERENCE NORMATIVE AND TECHNICAL DOCUMENTS
 Identification of referenced NTD Item No.
GOST 9.014-78 4.2; 4.3
GOST 9.032-74 1.8.1
GOST 9.301-86 1.8
GOST 1050-74 1.1; 1.5
GOST 1497-84 3.8
GOST 1759.0-87 1.8; 3.18
GOST 1763-68 3.12
GOST 4543-71 1.1; 1.5; 1.11; 3.10.1.2
GOST 4751-73 1.12.1
GOST 5632-72 1.1
GOST 5949-75 1.1; 1.5; 1.11
GOST 7564-73 3.3
GOST 8479-70 3.3
GOST 9012-59 3.7
GOST 9013-59 3.7
GOST 9454-78 2.3, 1.5, 3.9, 3.10.1.2, 3.10.2
GOST 11066-74 1.8.1
GOST 12344-88 3.6
GOST 12345-88 3.6
GOST 12346-78 3.6
GOST 12347-77 3.6
GOST 12348-78 3.6
GOST 12349-83 3.6
GOST 12350-78 3.6
GOST 12351-81 3.6
GOST 12352-81 3.6
GOST 12353-78 3.6
GOST 12354-81 3.6
GOST 12355-78 3.6
GOST 12356-81 3.6
GOST 12357-84 3.6
GOST 12358-82 3.6
GOST 12359-81 3.6
GOST 12360-82 3.6
GOST 12361-82 3.6
GOST 12362-79 3.6
GOST 12363-79 3.6
GOST 12364-84 3.6
GOST 14034-74 1.14
GOST 17769-83 2.1
GOST 18123-82 3.13; 3.18
GOST 18126-72 3.18
GOST 18160-72 1.2
GOST 18968-73 1.1; 1.5; 1.11
GOST 20072-74 1.1; 1.11
GOST 20560-81 3.6
GOST 20700-75 1.11; 1.12; 1.18; 1.19; 4.1
GOST 22536.0-87 3.6
GOST 22536.1-88 3.6
GOST 22536.2-87 3.6
GOST 22536.3-88 3.6
GOST 22536.4-88 3.6
GOST 22536.5-87 3.6
GOST 22536.6-88 3.6
GOST 22536.7-88 3.6
GOST 22536.8-87 3.6
GOST 22536.9-88 3.6
GOST 22536.10-88 3.6
GOST 22536.11-87 3.6
GOST 22536.12-88 3.6
GOST 32536.14-88 3.6
GOST 24507-80 3.15
 Identification of referenced NTD Item No.
GOST 24705-81 1.15
6. RE-EDITION (August 1989) with Revisions Nos. 1, 2 approved in October 1984, in June
1989 [IUS 1-85, 11-89]
7. Period of validity is extended till 01.01.95 [The Resolution of Gosstandart of the USSR dated
27.06.89 No. 2114]
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. Technical Requirements. 2
2. Acceptance. 12
3. Test Methods. 14
4. Marking, Packing, Transportation and Storage. 17
Appendix 1 Chemical Composition of Steel. 17
Appendix 2. 17