developerWorks

Dan O'Riordan
IDR, La Gaude

© 2009 IBM Corporation

Agenda

Cloud computing services

Principles of openness
Where we go from here

© 2009 IBM Corporation

Before the Web
If you wanted to sell things to
the public, you needed a
storefront
Massive cost in real estate,
fixtures, maintenance,
shrinkage
Prohibitive cost to entry

© 2009 IBM Corporation

What if …
You could have hundreds of millions of storefronts
worldwide?
Without real estate
Without fixtures
Without maintenance
Without shrinkage
With [relatively] zero cost to entry

© 2009 IBM Corporation

Before the cloud
If you wanted to start an
enterprise, you needed an
IT shop
Massive costs in hardware,
software, power,
administrative staff
Prohibitive cost to entry

© 2009 IBM Corporation

What if …
You could have unlimited computing resources?
All the processing power you want
All the data storage you want
Data mining whenever you want

© 2009 IBM Corporation

Cloud characteristics

You can go from 5 servers to 50 or from 50 servers to 5

You pay for what you use

You get elasticity automatically

You can access the cloud from anywhere

You work with virtual machines that could be hosted anywhere

© 2009 IBM Corporation

You’re on the cloud already
If you use Flickr or Facebook or LinkedIn or Twitter or
Backpack or [insert hundreds of other sites here], you’re
using the cloud
is a metaphor for the internet

© 2009 IBM Corporation

A selection of cloud components
Software as a Service
Utility Computing
Web Services
Platform as a Service
Managed Service Providers
Service Commerce Platforms
Internet Integration

© 2009 IBM Corporation

Comparing cloud to other computing types
Grid computing
Utility computing
Autonomic computing

© 2009 IBM Corporation

The evolution to cloud computing

© 2009 IBM Corporation

The emergence of cloud computing – differing
points of view

Source: IBM Corporate Strategy analysis of MI, PR, AR and VCG compilations

© 2009 IBM Corporation

Evolving technologies help businesses continue
to innovate

© 2009 IBM Corporation

Evolving technologies help businesses continue
to innovate
Standardization and
Virtualization and commoditization (e.g., e-
Explosion of form automation mail), open source Growing costs of
factors, mobility, power and space,
connectedness server sprawl

From parallel
processing (grid,
MapReduce, Hadoop)
to Web 2.0, SOA
Elastically scalable
global class
infrastructure and
mashable services built
Growth in connectivity
on WOA (e.g., REST,
Advertising and bandwidth
RSS/Atom)
subsidized, venture From massively parallel through the Internet
funding for service (e.g., Google) to large data
model files (e.g., YouTube)

© 2009 IBM Corporation

Agenda
Introduction

Principles of openness
Where we go from here
Resources

© 2009 IBM Corporation

Cloud services
There are four basic things people are doing in the
cloud:
Machines in the cloud
Storage in the cloud
Databases in the cloud
Applications in the cloud
In addition to these four basics, cloud providers offer
other services such as message queues and data
mining
All of these things are lumped into the generic term
“cloud computing”

© 2009 IBM Corporation

Machines in the cloud
Many cloud providers allow you to create a Virtual
Machine (VM) and deploy it in the cloud
Your VM images are stored in cloud storage
You can create as many images as you need
You can automatically start and stop running instances of those
images as needed
This is the simplest way to get started in the cloud,
particularly if you’ve been using virtualization already

© 2009 IBM Corporation

Storage in the cloud
Most cloud storage systems are designed as distributed,
redundant systems
Your data are stored on more than one disk in more than one
place
If one part of the system goes down, the rest of the system keeps
going
“There should never be a single point of failure” is a stated design
goal

© 2009 IBM Corporation

Databases in the cloud
Cloud databases have similar design points
Datasets are distributed for reliability
Some cloud databases support schemas, some don’t
Some cloud databases support joins, most don’t
Some cloud databases are relational, almost all aren’t
Some cloud databases are transactional, some aren’t

© 2009 IBM Corporation

Other services in the cloud
A number of vendors provide
in the cloud
Some queuing services don’t let you peek a message, for
example
Cloud use techniques such as
Hadoop / MapReduce to analyze massive data sets
Techniques that required supercomputers, large data centers and
significant funds a few years ago can now be done for a few
hundred pounds
New businesses and business models will emerge
based on the cost of data mining being reduced by
several orders of magnitude

© 2009 IBM Corporation

Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud
What is Amazon EC2? aws.amazon.com/ec2
Popular Uses for Amazon EC2

© 2009 IBM Corporation

Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud running IBM
Run many of the proven IBM platform technologies by
the hour as Amazon Machine Images (AMIs)
IBM DB2
IBM Informix
aws.amazon.com/ibm
IBM Lotus Content Management
IBM Mashup Center
IBM WebSphere Application Server
IBM WebSphere sMash
…

© 2009 IBM Corporation

Cloud implementation types

© 2009 IBM Corporation

Cloud computing
Client owned and managed.
Access limited to client and its
partner network.
Drives efficiency, standardization
and best practices while retaining
greater customization and
control.
Service provider owned and
managed.
Access by subscription.
Delivers select set of standardized
business process, application
and/or infrastructure services on
a flexible pay per use basis.
© 2009 IBM Corporation
Cloud Computing Center at Wuxi
The municipality of Wuxi, was working to
accelerate China’s transformation to a
service economy
IBM engaged the municipal government
to develop a virtual data center linking
several companies in a “software park”
The public cloud implementation, China's
first commercial cloud, enabled by IBM
technology and services will:
Promote growth of software start-ups
across China
Accelerate development and test cycles
Offer secure, network-isolated
environments
Deliver Backup and Restore asset
protection capabilities

© 2009 IBM Corporation

Cloud Computing in Agriculture
Example from University of Melbourne
Experimental farm using irrigation automation
Irrigating short-term (minutes to hours)
Predict micro-climate for coming week
Predict market in coming months
Interconnection of real-data with climate prediction
Results are promising
Orchid saw 300% increase in profitability
Dairy farm saw 70% increase in profitability
Local commercial dairy farm saw 70% increase in profitability

© 2009 IBM Corporation

Agenda
Introduction
Cloud computing services

Where we go from here

Resources

© 2009 IBM Corporation

Cloud services
Machines in the cloud
Can I move my VM elsewhere?
Storage in the cloud
Can I move my data elsewhere?
Databases in the cloud
Can I move my data elsewhere?
Applications in the cloud
Can I run my application elsewhere?

© 2009 IBM Corporation

Vendor lock-in
If there’s a new technology, any talented programmer
will want to use it
Maybe the shiny new thing is appropriate for what we’re doing
Maybe not
We’re probably going to use it anyway
The challenge is to walk the line between using the
newest, coolest thing and avoiding vendor lock-in

© 2009 IBM Corporation

The Open Cloud Manifesto
A statement of principles for
openness in cloud computing
More than 300 supporters and
growing
Join the “Open Cloud
Manifesto” group
Visit opencloudmanifesto.org

© 2009 IBM Corporation

The principles in action
The Cloud Computing Use
Cases Google group has a
white paper of common use
cases
Join us at groups.google.com/
group/cloud-computing-use-
cases
Version 2 of the paper is
available at bit.ly/1FXRAH

© 2009 IBM Corporation

Agenda
Introduction
Cloud computing services
Principles of openness

Resources

© 2009 IBM Corporation

Issues with the Internet
“It’s not secure.”
“I don’t want to lose control of my infrastructure.”
“I don’t know how reliable it is.”
“I don’t know if my partners are going to use it.”

With VPNs and other technology, the industry solved these

problems

© 2009 IBM Corporation

Issues with the cloud
“It’s not secure.”
“I don’t want to lose control of my infrastructure.”
“I don’t know how reliable it is.”
“I don’t know if my partners are going to use it.”

We’ve got some work to do, but the massive economic incentives
mean someone will find a way to solve these problems

© 2009 IBM Corporation

Key questions to ask
Will cloud computing help create and deliver innovative
business and consumer services to achieve greater
competitive differentiation?
Can cloud computing help to quickly achieve goals for IT
optimization, cost savings and faster time to market?
Is competitive advantage gained by using cloud
computing?

© 2009 IBM Corporation

© 2009 IBM Corporation