VELAMMAL BODHI CAMPUS, MADURAI REGION

TOPPERS MATERIAL – GRADE 10

(SUPPLEMENTARY READER)
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A TRIUMP OF SURGERY-JOHN HERRIOT

SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS:

1. What factors contributed to the success of the surgery?

Several factors contributed to the success of the surgery, such as meticulous planning, extensive pre-
operative preparation, the skill and experience of the surgical team, and the use of advanced medical
technology.

2. What was the outcome of the surgery?

The outcome of the surgery was a success, as the conjoined twins were successfully separated, and
both survived the operation.

3. How did the surgical team prepare for the procedure?

The surgical team prepared for the procedure by conducting thorough pre-operative assessments,
creating a detailed surgical plan, practicing the procedure using medical simulators, and ensuring the
availability of necessary equipment and resources.

4.What emotions did the author experience during the surgery?

The author experienced a mix of emotions during the surgery, including excitement, anxiety, and a
sense of responsibility for the lives of the patients.

5. What is the significance of the surgical procedure discussed in the lesson?

The surgical procedure discussed in the lesson is significant as it demonstrates the remarkable
capabilities of modern medicine, the skill and dedication of the surgical team, and the potential for
transformative outcomes in the field of surgery.

6. How does the author describe the twins after the surgery?

The author describes the twins after the surgery as separate individuals with their own unique
identities and futures, free from the physical limitations imposed by their conjoined state.
7. What lessons can be learned from the surgical procedure described in the lesson?

The surgical procedure described in the lesson teaches us the importance of teamwork, meticulous
planning, and preparation in complex medical procedures. It also highlights the potential for medical
advancements to improve and save lives.

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THE THIEF’S STORY-RUSKIN BOND

SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS:

1. Why did Hari Singh turn to a life of crime?

Answer: Hari Singh turned to a life of crime due to poverty and desperation. He struggled to make
ends meet and resorted to stealing to survive.

2. What brings about a change in Hari Singh's life?

Answer: Hari Singh's encounter with a kind and compassionate elderly woman named Anil brings
about a change in his life. She offers him food and shelter, treating him with respect and kindness.

3. How does Hari Singh's perception of theft change throughout the story?

Answer: Initially, Hari Singh views theft as a necessary means of survival. However, his experiences
with Anil and his own introspection lead him to realize the moral implications and negative
consequences of his actions. He begins to see theft as a destructive and unjust act.

4. What is the significance of the stolen watch in the story?

Answer: The stolen watch serves as a symbol of Hari Singh's past and his internal conflict. It
represents his involvement in criminal activities and his desire for redemption.

5. How does Hari Singh find redemption in the end?

Answer: Hari Singh finds redemption by returning the stolen watch to its rightful owner, accepting
responsibility for his past actions, and deciding to lead an honest life. This act of restitution and his
newfound understanding of the value of human connections contribute to his redemption.

6. What is the lesson or message conveyed by "The Thief's Story"?

Answer: "The Thief's Story" conveys the message that compassion, understanding, and human
connections have the power to transform individuals. It emphasizes the possibility of redemption and
the importance of second chances in one's life.

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THE MIDNIGHT VISITOR-ROBERT ARTHUR

SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS:

1. In "The Midnight Visitor," why did the protagonist find it difficult to sleep at night?

Answer: The protagonist found it difficult to sleep at night because there was a constant tapping
sound coming from the window, which made him curious and anxious.

2. How did the protagonist initially interpret the tapping sound in "The Midnight Visitor"?

Answer: Initially, the protagonist interpreted the tapping sound as a tree branch brushing against the
window due to the wind.

3. What made the protagonist finally decide to investigate the tapping sound in "The Midnight
Visitor"?

Answer: The protagonist decided to investigate the tapping sound when he realized that there was no
wind that night, making it unlikely for a tree branch to be causing the noise.

4. Describe the protagonist's experience when he investigated the tapping sound in "The Midnight
Visitor."

Answer: When the protagonist investigated the tapping sound, he discovered a mysterious figure
outside his window wearing a mask. The figure quickly disappeared, leaving the protagonist startled
and intrigued.

5. Why do you think the protagonist's curiosity outweighed his fear in "The Midnight Visitor"?

Answer: The protagonist's curiosity outweighed his fear because he was intrigued by the mysterious
figure and wanted to uncover the truth behind the tapping sound and the person wearing the mask.

6. How does the author create suspense in "The Midnight Visitor"?

Answer: The author creates suspense in "The Midnight Visitor" by gradually building up the mystery
surrounding the tapping sound and the masked figure, keeping the readers engaged and eager to
know what will happen next.

7. What lesson or moral can be inferred from "The Midnight Visitor"?

Answer: One possible lesson inferred from "The Midnight Visitor" is that curiosity can lead to
unexpected and exciting discoveries, but it is important to be cautious and aware of potential
dangers.

8. If you were the protagonist in "The Midnight Visitor," how would you have reacted differently to
the tapping sound?
Answer: Answers may vary, but a possible response could be: If I were the protagonist, I might have
called the police or alerted someone else in the house before investigating the tapping sound on my
own. I would prioritize my safety and ensure that I have support in case of any potential danger.

9. How does the setting contribute to the overall atmosphere of "The Midnight Visitor"?

Answer: The setting of a quiet, dark night with a mysterious tapping sound outside the protagonist's
window adds to the suspenseful and eerie atmosphere of "The Midnight Visitor." It creates a sense of
isolation and vulnerability, heightening the tension in the story.

10. Imagine if the masked figure turned out to be someone familiar to the protagonist. How would
that change the story?

Answer: If the masked figure turned out to be someone familiar to the protagonist, it would add a
layer of intrigue and complexity to the story. The protagonist's curiosity would be even more
heightened as they try to unravel why someone they know would be outside their window wearing a
mask, potentially leading to unexpected revelations and character dynamics.

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A QUESTION OF TRUST-VICTOR CANNING

SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS:

1. In "A Question of Trust" by Victor Canning, why does the protagonist decide to trust the stranger,
Mr. Miller?

Answer: The protagonist decides to trust Mr. Miller because of the vulnerable situation they find
themselves in. They are stranded in the middle of nowhere, with no means of transportation or
communication. Mr. Miller appears helpful and genuine, and there are no immediate red flags that
would make the protagonist doubt his intentions.

2. How does the theme of trust develop throughout the story "A Question of Trust"?

Answer: The theme of trust evolves throughout the story as the protagonist's trust in Mr. Miller
gradually erodes. Initially, the protagonist relies on Mr. Miller for guidance and assistance, but as the
story unfolds, subtle hints and discrepancies arise, leading the protagonist to question Mr. Miller's
true motives. This progression highlights the fragile nature of trust and the potential consequences of
misplaced faith.

3. What role does the setting play in "A Question of Trust" by Victor Canning?

Answer: The setting in "A Question of Trust" serves as a catalyst for the protagonist's dilemma and the
exploration of trust. The remote and desolate location isolates the characters, leaving them
vulnerable and dependent on one another. This heightened sense of vulnerability adds tension and
uncertainty to the story, creating an atmosphere where trust becomes a crucial element.
4. How does Victor Canning create suspense in "A Question of Trust"?

Answer: Victor Canning employs various techniques to create suspense in "A Question of Trust." He
utilizes foreshadowing to hint at potential dangers, such as the protagonist noticing subtle
inconsistencies in Mr. Miller's behavior. The author also employs a slow revelation of information,
gradually exposing the true intentions of the characters. These narrative choices keep readers
engaged and eager to uncover the ultimate resolution.

5. What is the significance of the title "A Question of Trust" in Victor Canning's story?

Answer: The title "A Question of Trust" encapsulates the central conflict of the story. The protagonist
is faced with a dilemma: whether or not to trust Mr. Miller. The title emphasizes the uncertainty and
doubt that accompanies the decision to trust someone, highlighting the potential risks and
consequences involved. Throughout the narrative, this question of trust becomes the driving force
behind the protagonist's actions and choices.

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FOOTPRINTS WITHOUT FEET –H.G.WELLS

SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS:

1. In "The Magic Shop," what does the protagonist learn about the nature of reality?

Answer: The protagonist learns that reality is subjective and can be shaped by one's imagination and
beliefs. The magic shop serves as a metaphor for the power of imagination to create a personalized
reality.

2. How does the story "The Invisible Man" explore the themes of power and responsibility?

Answer: "The Invisible Man" explores the themes of power and responsibility by depicting the gradual
corruption of the protagonist, Griffin, as he becomes invisible. The newfound power of invisibility
allows Griffin to indulge in his desires without consequences, but he fails to recognize the
responsibility that comes with such power, ultimately leading to his downfall.

3. Discuss the significance of the red room in the story "The Red Room."

Answer: The red room symbolizes fear and the unknown. The protagonist's journey into the red room
represents his confrontation with his own fears and the supernatural. The room's oppressive
atmosphere and the protagonist's psychological turmoil reflect the human struggle to comprehend
and conquer the mysteries of existence.

4. How does the story "The Diamond Necklace" explore the themes of appearance versus reality?
Answer: "The Diamond Necklace" delves into the theme of appearance versus reality by highlighting
the deceptive nature of appearances. The necklace itself serves as a symbol of wealth and status,
which Madame Loisel believes will elevate her social standing. However, the necklace turns out to be
an imitation, exposing the superficiality of appearances and the irony of her desire for material
wealth.

5. In "The Boy Who Cried Wolf," what lesson does the protagonist learn about honesty and
credibility?

Answer: "The Boy Who Cried Wolf" teaches the lesson that honesty and credibility are essential
virtues. The protagonist, a young shepherd boy, repeatedly lies about the presence of a wolf, causing
the villagers to lose trust in him. When a real wolf appears and the boy cries for help, no one believes
him, leading to dire consequences. The story emphasizes the importance of being truthful and
maintaining credibility in order to be taken seriously when it truly matters.

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THE MAKING OF SCIENTIST-ROBERT W.PETERSON

SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS:

1. How does the process of scientific inquiry differ from other ways of seeking knowledge?

Answer: Scientific inquiry involves a systematic and evidence-based approach to understanding the
natural world. It relies on the formulation of hypotheses, rigorous experimentation, data analysis, and
drawing conclusions based on evidence. Unlike other ways of seeking knowledge, scientific inquiry
emphasizes objectivity, reproducibility, and a commitment to evidence-based reasoning.

2. In "The Making of a Scientist," what are the key characteristics that define a successful scientist?

Answer: In the essay, Robert W. Peterson identifies several key characteristics that define a successful
scientist. These include curiosity, creativity, perseverance, objectivity, skepticism, and the ability to
communicate effectively. Successful scientists are driven by a deep curiosity about the world, think
creatively to solve problems, persist in the face of challenges, remain objective in their analysis of
data, approach new ideas with skepticism, and possess strong communication skills to share their
findings with others.

3. According to the essay, why is it important for scientists to have a healthy skepticism?

Answer: Skepticism is important for scientists because it encourages critical thinking and prevents the
acceptance of claims without evidence. Scientists should question existing theories and hypotheses,
challenge assumptions, and rigorously test ideas before accepting them as valid. This skepticism
ensures that scientific knowledge is built on a solid foundation of evidence and avoids being swayed
by biases or unfounded beliefs.

4. How does the scientific community contribute to the growth and development of individual
scientists?

Answer: The scientific community plays a crucial role in the growth and development of individual
scientists. It provides a platform for collaboration, feedback, and the sharing of knowledge and ideas.
Through peer-reviewed publications, conferences, and scientific meetings, scientists can engage in
discussions, receive constructive criticism, and build upon the work of others. The scientific
community also fosters an environment of competition, which motivates scientists to excel and
continually push the boundaries of knowledge.

5. In what ways does creativity contribute to scientific discovery?

Answer: Creativity is essential for scientific discovery as it allows scientists to think beyond
established boundaries and develop innovative approaches to problems. Creative thinking enables
scientists to generate new hypotheses, design novel experiments, and make unexpected connections
between seemingly unrelated phenomena. By approaching problems with a fresh perspective,
scientists can uncover new insights, challenge existing paradigms, and drive scientific progress
forward.

6. Describe a situation in which perseverance played a crucial role in the scientific process.

Answer: Perseverance often plays a crucial role in the scientific process, particularly when faced with
challenges, setbacks, or failures. One example is the discovery of penicillin by Alexander Fleming.
After accidentally contaminating a Petri dish with a mold, Fleming noticed that the mold inhibited the
growth of bacteria. Despite initial skepticism from the scientific community, Fleming persisted in his
research, refining the discovery and ultimately leading to the development of antibiotics. His
perseverance and dedication to unraveling the potential of this accidental observation revolutionized
medicine.

7. How does effective communication contribute to the success of a scientist?

Answer: Effective communication is essential for scientists to share their findings, collaborate with
others, and gain recognition for their work. Scientists need to articulate their research clearly and
concisely, both in written publications and oral presentations. By communicating their ideas
effectively, scientists can inspire others, build collaborations, receive valuable feedback, and
disseminate knowledge to a broader audience. Effective communication also promotes scientific
literacy and public understanding of scientific advancements.

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THE NECKLACE-GUY DE MAUPASSANT

SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS:

1. How does the theme of appearance versus reality play out in "The Necklace"?

Answer: The theme of appearance versus reality is evident in "The Necklace" through Madame
Loisel's desire to appear wealthy and her eventual realization that the necklace she borrowed was
actually a fake, leading to her descent into poverty.

2. Discuss the significance of the necklace as a symbol in the story.

Answer: The necklace symbolizes the pursuit of wealth and social status. It represents Madame
Loisel's desire to be part of the upper class and her belief that material possessions can bring
happiness. However, it ultimately becomes a source of suffering and regret for her.

3. Explore the irony in Madame Loisel's character transformation throughout the story.

Answer: The irony lies in the fact that Madame Loisel spends years dreaming of a luxurious life, only
to realize that the necklace she borrowed was a worthless imitation. Her pursuit of material wealth
leads her to a life of hardship and poverty, highlighting the irony of her situation.

4. Analyze the role of pride in Madame Loisel's downfall.

Answer: Madame Loisel's pride is evident in her refusal to attend the ball without appropriate jewelry
and her insistence on borrowing an expensive necklace. Her pride drives her to lie about losing the
necklace, which ultimately plunges her and her husband into debt and ruins their lives.

5. Discuss the impact of the story's twist ending on the reader.

Answer: The twist ending, revealing that the necklace was a fake all along, leaves the reader with a
sense of irony and surprise. It forces us to reevaluate Madame Loisel's actions and the choices she
made, highlighting the consequences of her obsession with appearances and material possessions.

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THE HACK DRIVER-SINCLAIR LEWIS

SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS:

1. In "The Hack Driver," what role does irony play in the story? Provide an example.

Answer: Irony plays a significant role in "The Hack Driver" by Sinclair Lewis, as it underscores the
theme of deception and appearances. One example of irony is when the hack driver turns out to be a
successful lawyer in disguise. Initially, the protagonist assumes the hack driver is a simple and
uneducated man, only to discover that he is an astute attorney who intentionally misled the
protagonist to teach him a lesson about judging people based on appearances.

2. Discuss the significance of the title "The Hack Driver" in relation to the story's themes and plot.
Answer: The title "The Hack Driver" holds symbolic significance in Sinclair Lewis' story. "Hack" refers
to a mediocre or unskilled person, and it initially leads the reader to assume that the story is about an
unremarkable driver. However, the title also serves as a metaphor for the protagonist's perception
and judgment. The hack driver himself is a lawyer who skillfully manipulates the protagonist's
assumptions and reveals the limitations of judging someone solely based on their outward
appearance or occupation.

3. Analyze the character development of the hack driver throughout the story. How does he challenge
the reader's assumptions?

Answer: The hack driver undergoes significant character development in the story, transforming from
a seemingly unremarkable driver to a clever and deceptive lawyer. Initially, the reader perceives him
as a humble and uneducated individual, which aligns with the protagonist's judgment. However, as
the story progresses, it becomes evident that the hack driver is actually an intelligent and calculating
individual who intentionally deceives the protagonist. By challenging the reader's assumptions about
his character, the hack driver highlights the dangers of making snap judgments based on appearances.

4. Explore the theme of deception in "The Hack Driver." How does Sinclair Lewis convey this theme
throughout the story?

Answer: Deception is a central theme in "The Hack Driver." Sinclair Lewis conveys this theme through
various literary devices and plot elements. Firstly, the hack driver's initial disguise as a simple driver
deceives both the protagonist and the reader, leading them to underestimate his true abilities.
Additionally, the hack driver deliberately misleads the protagonist by providing false information
about the whereabouts of a certain lawyer. This deception serves as a lesson to the protagonist about
the dangers of jumping to conclusions based on superficial observations. Through these instances of
deception, Lewis underscores the importance of looking beyond appearances and questioning
assumptions.

5. Discuss the impact of setting on the story in "The Hack Driver." How does the small town setting
contribute to the plot and themes?

Answer: The small town setting in "The Hack Driver" plays a crucial role in shaping the story's plot and
themes. The insular nature of a small town creates an environment where assumptions and
judgments can easily take hold. The protagonist, a city-dweller, enters this unfamiliar setting and
immediately forms opinions about the people he encounters, including the hack driver. The limited
opportunities for diverse experiences and interactions in a small town accentuate the protagonist's
reliance on superficial observations. As a result, the setting amplifies the theme of judging based on
appearances, as well as the subsequent revelation of deception, leading to a thought-provoking
exploration of human nature.

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BHOLI-K.A.ABBAS
SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS:

1. In "Bholi," how does K.A. Abbas use the character of Bholi to explore the theme of societal
prejudice? Provide examples from the story to support your answer.

Answer: In "Bholi," K.A. Abbas uses the character of Bholi to highlight the theme of societal prejudice.
Bholi, a young girl with a disfigured face, faces discrimination and mistreatment from her family and
society. For instance, her mother and sisters often mock her and treat her as an outcast. Additionally,
her prospective in-laws reject her due to her appearance. These instances demonstrate how societal
prejudice and preconceived notions about beauty can deeply impact an individual's life.

2. Discuss the significance of Bholi's education in the story. How does it influence her perception of
herself and her place in society?

Answer: Bholi's education plays a significant role in the story, as it transforms her perception of
herself and her place in society. Prior to going to school, Bholi had low self-esteem and saw herself as
an inferior being due to her physical appearance. However, her education empowers her and instills
confidence. Learning to read and write helps Bholi realize her potential and worth beyond her
external appearance. She becomes aware of the injustice she faces and gains the courage to challenge
societal norms. Bholi's education enables her to break free from the confines of her previous identity
and strive for a better future.

3. Explore the theme of gender roles and women's empowerment in "Bholi." How does the story
challenge traditional expectations placed on women in Indian society?

Answer: The theme of gender roles and women's empowerment is prevalent throughout "Bholi," as
the story challenges traditional expectations placed on women in Indian society. Bholi's journey
serves as a rebellion against the societal norms that dictate women's roles. Instead of conforming to
the limited expectations of being a wife and daughter-in-law, Bholi seeks education and
independence. Her pursuit of education challenges the belief that women should prioritize domestic
duties over personal growth. By defying gender roles, Bholi becomes an agent of change and
challenges the patriarchal structure of her society.

4. Analyze the transformation of Bholi's character throughout the story. What factors contribute to
her growth and resilience?

Answer: Bholi undergoes a remarkable transformation throughout the story, thanks to several
contributing factors. Firstly, her education plays a crucial role in her growth and resilience. Learning to
read and write provides her with knowledge and empowers her to question the injustices she faces.
Secondly, her encounters with compassionate individuals, such as the teacher and the doctor, offer
her encouragement and support, reinforcing her self-worth. Finally, her own determination and inner
strength allow her to overcome adversity and stand up against societal prejudices. Bholi's
transformation showcases the power of education, empathy, and personal resilience in overcoming
societal challenges.

5. Reflect on the significance of the ending of "Bholi." How does it resonate with the overall message
of the story?

Answer: The ending of "Bholi" holds significant meaning and resonates with the story's overall
message. Bholi's decision to become a teacher herself reflects the impact education has had on her
life and her desire to empower others. It signifies a shift from being a victim of prejudice to becoming
an agent of change. The ending reinforces the message that education can break the cycle of
discrimination and enable individuals to challenge societal norms. Bholi's choice to become a teacher
embodies hope, as she strives to create a more inclusive and equitable society.

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THE BOOK THAT SAVED THE EARTH-CLAIRE BOIKO

SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS:

1.Why are books referred to as a man’s best companion ?which book saved the earth from martians
in invasion?

Books have been called as a man’s best companion they always teach him a right things .they are the
best companions because your friends may desert you in your hour of need but a book will never
leave you or give you the wrong guidance .

2.How did think-tank misinterpret innocent nursery rhymes?

Think tank heard omega transcribe certain nursery rhymes like ‘ Mistress Mary’, ’The Cat and the
Fiddle’ and ‘humpty-dumpty had a great fall’. On hearing those poems ‘think tank’ concluded that the
earthlings were superior to them and in fact planning an attack on them.

3. How does Think-Tank describe the people on Earth? Why does he command Noodle to contact the
Space probe?

Ans. Think-Tank thought Earthlings were weak, ignorant, uncivilized persons and hence planned to
invade Earth. He sent his commander Noodle to make contact with the crew of the manned space
probe, now on Earth to seek more information about the Earth

4. What happens when the Historian turns on the hysteroscopy?

Ans. As the Historian turn on the hysteroscope, suddenly, the scene changes from the present twenty-
fifth century to many centuries ago in 2040. Spotlight on Historian goes out. Think-Tank appears. He is
seated on a raised box, arms folded. He has a huge, egg-shaped head. He wears a long robe decorated
with stars and circles. Apprentice Noodle stands beside him.
5. What does Noodle say in the praise of Think-Tank? Why does Think-Tank ask Noodle to go over the
whole thing again?

Ans. Noodle bows low before the Commander-in-Chief, Think-Tank. He calls Think-Tank “Great and
Mighty”. He was the most powerful and intelligent creature in the whole universe. But Think-Tank
stops Noodle abruptly. He had left out a part of his salutation. He asks him to repeat it again from the
very beginning. Noodle adds that Think-Tank is the newer ruler of Mars and has two moons. He bows
down to receive orders from his chief.