IC 1202 – Information System Modeling

Date – 26th of January, 2023

Tutorial - 01 Index Number- 2021t01214

1. Look at the following list of goals of software

a. Meeting the user’s needs
b. Low cost of production
c. High Performance
d. Portability
e. Low cost of maintenance
f. High Reliability
g. Delivery on time

For each of the following systems choose the two most important goals.

i. Systems to manage student fees – to track whether they have paid, calculate the correct
amount, issue invoices, send out reminders etc

c. High Performance
g. Delivery on time

ii. A system to manage the temperature of a nuclear reactor core.

a. High Performance

f. High Reliability

iii. An experimental program to test the efficiency of an algorithm for some mathematical theory.

d. Portability

c. High Performance

iv. A program that allows viewing of cricket scores on mobile phones.

g. Delivery on time

d. Portability

2. Which stage of software development is most expensive?

 Maintenance

3. Where are the most errors introduced in software projects?

Data gathering

4. What do project managers say is the worst problem (consequence) in software projects?

Data gathering

5. ‘All Microsoft software is bug free ‘– Bill Gates Is this correct?

No, this statement is not correct.

6. Define the term ‘Software Engineering’.

Software Engineering is the application of engineering principles to software development to

create high-quality, efficient, and maintainable software. It includes the use of methodologies and tools
for testing, debugging, and version control.

7. Discuss the importance of the maintenance phase in the software life cycle.

Maintenance phase in software life cycle is crucial as it allows the software to continue to meet
user needs, fix bugs, improve performance and security, and adapt to changing requirements. It is
necessary for the software to be updated and maintained over time to prevent obsolescence and to
ensure proper functioning.

8. Draw the ideal failure curve for software. Show how it approximates the failure curve for hardware in
the practical case.

In practical cases, the failure rate for hardware and software follow the "bathtub curve" pattern, which
is characterized by an initial high failure rate, a period of low failure rate, and then an increase in failure
rate again towards the end of its life. However, there are some key differences in the way that hardware
and software fail. Hardware failure is typically caused by physical wear and tear, while software failure is
caused by bugs or other issues with the code. Hardware failure can be detected and repaired to extend
its life, while software failures are often harder to detect and correct. Despite these differences, the
overall failure rate for both hardware and software often approximates the bathtub curve pattern.

Software

Cost of
Development

Hardware

Time